167 lines
17 KiB
XML
167 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="35375" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734" ID-GBIF-Dataset="48671e75-dd24-4e6d-8514-b0546ffd3fe3" ID-PMC="PMC4816990" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-60-49" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFC26762742EFFBDFFAD0867FFB3FFBB" ID-PubMed="27081344" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576336" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-2003-60-49" ModsDocOrigin="PhytoKeys 60" ModsDocTitle="Vernonieae (Asteraceae) of southern Africa: A generic disposition of the species and a study of their pollen" checkinTime="1455253102424" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Robinson, Harold, Skvarla, John J. & Funk, Vicki A." docDate="2016" docId="55F27C16E0AF8019D284D531D9F7A3D8" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 60: 49-126" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 60" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734" docTitle="Vernonia potamophila Klatt 1890" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" id="FFC26762742EFFBDFFAD0867FFB3FFBB" lastPageNumber="97" masterDocId="FFC26762742EFFBDFFAD0867FFB3FFBB" masterDocTitle="Vernonieae (Asteraceae) of southern Africa: A generic disposition of the species and a study of their pollen" masterLastPageNumber="126" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="96" updateTime="1732645731463" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="ED30CF8EB4BAD4427D932E9FFD3F0EB7">Vernonieae (Asteraceae) of southern Africa: A generic disposition of the species and a study of their pollen</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B5250836663A64DD993A2B48539BF331">Robinson, Harold</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="744FED75692D927764095C2FC42669D6">Skvarla, John J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="60F6A95D8DDF10B4ED3C9CB8077BAD5D">Funk, Vicki A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="CED5F87F10E86ABA0D34438EA19C2E99">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="858300167DF91FD1877FC7708464EE86">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="EDAA8014A21D92F43D3AD25B908645E4">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="443A821007CD171E8E4E996AC5C7C4B7">60</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="92860707D6E8026876BEFC5A2AA44AEA">49</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="958C184E424E292E5494FA3EC399D739">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="2FE996AD9C0B0737FF2B547CE4D0773B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="F7038A54B460473883B85B32F8F9C090" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="29EDFB1817D92D1A8E9ADECC648781F3" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-60-49</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="59DB2354972A5C778A37E3278F5F6CBE" type="Zenodo-Dep">576336</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="55F27C16E0AF8019D284D531D9F7A3D8" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127870830" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:55F27C16E0AF8019D284D531D9F7A3D8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/55F27C16E0AF8019D284D531D9F7A3D8" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="97" pageId="47" pageNumber="96" scope_family="Asteraceae">
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<subSubSection id="48B85011281259C45F8F3FA7385275DA" pageId="47" pageNumber="96" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="225512F73846E50F34B22044EBC3AA4D" pageId="47" pageNumber="96">
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<taxonomicName id="450B73161C9CCD50D96D601E9B48DB75" ID-CoL="5B5Q6" LSID="55F27C16-E0AF-8019-D284-D531D9F7A3D8" authority="Klatt, 1890" authorityName="Klatt" authorityYear="1890" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia potamophila" order="Asterales" pageId="47" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="potamophila">Vernonia potamophila Klatt, 1890</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E92BA4264D35CF2F3AE2E9ACAFDD7011" pageId="47" pageNumber="96" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="1F30C540D4E84544567D9B4B7C0C5365" pageId="47" pageNumber="96">
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<taxonomicName id="3B905D83DCE084D1AD6849DE539A2671" authorityName="Klatt" authorityYear="1890" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia potamophila" order="Asterales" pageId="47" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="potamophila">Vernonia potamophila</taxonomicName>
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Klatt, Annal. Naturh. Hofmus. Wien 7: 100. 1890.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FBA0F3AE53D6BE817A4110C6B14DCF9B" pageId="47" pageNumber="96" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="1711B6947FC212719586ACC0A43C0374" pageId="47" pageNumber="96">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B839204A5CEA1A49C5BBDCC4D7191A9B" pageId="47" pageNumber="96">Congo, Angola, Namibia (Caprivi strip), Zambia.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D8DEFEAB757DDBA78BBAC209AA48EAB6" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="97" pageId="47" pageNumber="96" type="descriptions">
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<paragraph id="572B84DC76D8E531D28FD0E35900A70D" pageId="47" pageNumber="96">Descriptions.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DA0244D5AC1C72B7835D81284A9407B6" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="97" pageId="47" pageNumber="96">
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The initial assumption, based on the robust habit and the described yellowish brown velutinous pubescence of the stems, was of a relationship to the genus
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<taxonomicName id="B4B7D0E38A6635AF212D231E85E0D98B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Gymnanthemum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Gymnanthemum" order="Asterales" pageId="47" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D94C773445A32D2074D460B8F7FF7670" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="96">Gymnanthemum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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of the subtribe
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<taxonomicName id="B7568179754BA65F575C3C617E36B0F0" lsidName="" pageId="47" pageNumber="96" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Gymnantheminae" subtribe="Gymnantheminae">Gymnantheminae</taxonomicName>
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. Other features indicate a different relationship. A high resolution image of an herbarium specimen (PRE; Fig.
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<figureCitation id="8CE0492BFD87BFA92E3F5873F1957D47" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Illustrations: A Baccharoides adoensis (Sch. Bip. ex Walp.) H. Rob. B Bothriocline aggregata Hutch., note: this taxon is not found in southern Africa C Ethulia conyzoides L. f., note: lack of pappus; and D Gymnanthemum koekemoerae H. Rob. & V. Funk, note: broad involucral bracts without a high midrib. See Appendix C for citation details." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/77474" pageId="47" pageNumber="96">2D</figureCitation>
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) as well as an illustration (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="536C3E434F2C36955968D5CCBA1C2F01" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Illustration of Vernonia potamaphylla Klatt. See Appendix C for citation details. 1 Habit showing pinnate leaf veination 2 Involucral bracts showing keel and dark line 3 Floret with immature achene 4 Corolla opened longitudinally 5 Anthers 6 Style 7 Achene with pappus 8 Enlarged pappus bristle." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/77498" pageId="47" pageNumber="96">26</figureCitation>
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), show a somewhat keeled involucral bract with a dark median stripe, a character not found in
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<taxonomicName id="F998630A303800D2845CFE7C585C396B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Gymnanthemum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Gymnanthemum" order="Asterales" pageId="47" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="52EDB4D8471D1B43DF3248A88CA01651" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="96">Gymnanthemum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. In addition, the pollen totally lacks the strongly developed sublophate pattern that is characteristic of
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<taxonomicName id="0D08D3FF1DD2B9651E07EB158DCFF090" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Gymnanthemum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Gymnanthemum" order="Asterales" pageId="48" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="86416177B5ADA86526C59F5BECB4031D" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">
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<pageBreakToken id="D60D487802BDBC0E36F4AB97316E9A6C" pageId="48" pageNumber="97" start="start">Gymnanthemum</pageBreakToken>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Figs
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<figureCitation id="524AF107E515E560F9BFD8CEE45ECE55" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Scanning electron micrographs of acetolyzed pollen of two collections of sublophate echinolophate Gymnanthemum capense (A. Spreng.) J. C. Manning & N. Swelankomo. A Polar view B Equatorial view C Lateral view D Fractured grain structure of exine surfaces E Fractured grain showing spine construction. (A-C Schlechter 6644)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/77482" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">
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10
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<normalizedToken id="55EC05C2BEAC4F4867AB558CB01D0A6D" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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</figureCitation>
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) and instead is sublophate with small incipient lacunae (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="061F048DAB67F7A6A975BE72A972AC45" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. A-D Scanning electron micrographs of acetolyzed sublophate pollen of Vernonia potamaphylla Klatt. A Polar view B Equatorial view C Lateral view D Grain fragment. From Killick & Leistner 3277." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/77499" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">27</figureCitation>
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). The pollen and involucre characters seem to indicate a position in the subtribe
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<taxonomicName id="6FFF85E097668819458D9D498726F464" lsidName="" pageId="48" pageNumber="97" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Erlangeinae" subtribe="Erlangeinae">Erlangeinae</taxonomicName>
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. This is most likely a new genus but without a more comprehensive study of the more northern members of the African
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<taxonomicName id="D5100439687EF3A5F2FA5FDB68F38DAD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="48" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Vernonieae">Vernonieae</taxonomicName>
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we can only say that
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<taxonomicName id="3D4A21936D26C6FDA8F37CD65C70B980" authorityName="Klatt" authorityYear="1890" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia potamophila" order="Asterales" pageId="48" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="potamophila">
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<emphasis id="ED9DEC622F3EB347325911F2E6963004" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">Vernonia potamophila</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, while definitely not a true
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<taxonomicName id="8B7A6A2BB5DBD6E9004A326251F76031" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia" order="Asterales" pageId="48" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="3CBD32385623EAE82B78234753F60900" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">Vernonia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, is unplaced as to genus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="044EB60D589A590AF5735E36F40DC793" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">
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An examination of limited fragments showed a few additional characters. The abaxial surface of the leaf has a tomentum of long-armed T-shaped hairs and sweeping hairs restricted to the branches of the style and the juncture of the branches at the shaft of the style. The lobes of the corolla had areolae that were reminiscent of the ducts in the corolla lobes of true
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<taxonomicName id="4E1D745BEC77BC43804EC5CB28CC3F93" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia" order="Asterales" pageId="48" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9C75F8C101914365DAF9894B341FC13E" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">Vernonia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but the areolae do not form continuous elongate ducts. Raphids of the achenes were short-rectangular in elongate cells. Chromosome number unknown.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DB3C91B60154E7E692B9EA469371567B" ID-Zenodo-Dep="974369" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/77498" pageId="48" pageNumber="97" start="Figure 26" startId="F26">
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<paragraph id="298D07B8C60B7202EA60C86622D64FD2" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">
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<emphasis id="6A9793C5E791667641B320CC16276A8A" bold="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">Figure 26.</emphasis>
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Illustration of
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<taxonomicName id="AD0C8F0BC17CEC27B91D64F753447A72" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia potamaphylla" order="Asterales" pageId="48" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="potamaphylla">
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<emphasis id="0D31F9966B5A2BB2D7B5ABC0604A6D15" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">Vernonia potamaphylla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Klatt. See Appendix C for citation details.
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<emphasis id="0494E82785432C77AEFD26CD167193FF" bold="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">1</emphasis>
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Habit showing pinnate leaf veination
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<emphasis id="1862A0DC27AE92560F8EA277B548C926" bold="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">2</emphasis>
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Involucral bracts showing keel and dark line
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<emphasis id="93803584A836944F6A3952165A4D37AA" bold="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">3</emphasis>
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Floret with immature achene
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<emphasis id="62E1BB2026F10E01FB5C8A0BE16DDA19" bold="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">4</emphasis>
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Corolla opened longitudinally
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<emphasis id="DA96053E20105701FF2C6FC8148EC3B0" bold="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">5</emphasis>
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Anthers
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<emphasis id="53DFBBAF1FC19A7DE28FF2D9ACA91674" bold="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">6</emphasis>
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Style
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<emphasis id="51C65CE6E4DCF2341260D00103B2BD21" bold="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">7</emphasis>
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Achene with pappus
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<emphasis id="6079B91DF57BBF8A5F709219598D2431" bold="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">8</emphasis>
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Enlarged pappus bristle.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="F057D9697C9E930BCA0399E5283B127C" ID-Zenodo-Dep="974371" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/77499" pageId="48" pageNumber="97" start="Figure 27" startId="F27">
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<paragraph id="BA8A7C8CFCE7FDF21CD118AED0AA183F" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">
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<emphasis id="F7FEEFF214C72B7255FE654376356C01" bold="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">Figure 27.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="DCA2156223168383541DDC1830D6F0AB" bold="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">
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<normalizedToken id="1EA89734C6A0CE0487A670E3D2FC0B82" originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
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</emphasis>
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Scanning electron micrographs of acetolyzed sublophate pollen of
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<taxonomicName id="BA9DAD294C34F636FF0FF9EBE4B93003" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia potamaphylla" order="Asterales" pageId="48" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="potamaphylla">
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<emphasis id="4E6538A7D3B5A97C64D6FA2D73A20CBC" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">Vernonia potamaphylla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Klatt.
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<emphasis id="4204E45305713FA3A55AF043E7157AF6" bold="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">A</emphasis>
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Polar view
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<emphasis id="B70ED9098F88FC51B3196372AA0990C2" bold="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">B</emphasis>
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Equatorial view
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<emphasis id="8BA3ACB9AA57496450AAB16EA31A41E4" bold="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">C</emphasis>
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Lateral view
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<emphasis id="E6595D0049BA8228D6A1123BBCBFC014" bold="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">D</emphasis>
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Grain fragment. From
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<emphasis id="846E2D6CABFCDD50BD9EF10F07DCDE46" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="97">Killick & Leistner 3277</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |