809 lines
81 KiB
XML
809 lines
81 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.89.77931" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2e7d4347-b47b-4594-9a93-bc4a8e9cea7c" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-89-73" ID-Pensoft-UUID="B1E9B06C922F5DE28E388186CB896DDD" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6336448" ID-ZooBank="DD91471548044F7EA4FF196047B83756" ModsDocID="1314-2607-89-73" checkinTime="1646131434364" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Honsberger, David N., Huber, John T. & Wright, Mark G." docDate="2022" docId="55CA80E311E1512BA86DD0FB16EF91A3" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 89: 73-87" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 89" docPubDate="2022-02-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.89.77931" docTitle="Mymaromma menehune , Honsberger & Huber 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="09DE5C66-46AC-4769-A296-E1A12C4F0C66" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="B1E9B06C922F5DE28E388186CB896DDD" lastPageNumber="73" masterDocId="B1E9B06C922F5DE28E388186CB896DDD" masterDocTitle="A new Mymaromma sp. (Mymarommatoidea, Mymarommatidae) in Hawai'i and first host record for the superfamily" masterLastPageNumber="87" masterPageNumber="73" pageNumber="73" updateTime="1678757388828" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new Mymaromma sp. (Mymarommatoidea, Mymarommatidae) in Hawai'i and first host record for the superfamily</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Honsberger, David N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, 3050 Maile Way # 310, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">dnh8@hawaii.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Huber, John T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Natural Resources Canada c / o Canadian National Collection of Insects, K. W. Neatby Building, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON, K 1 A 0 C 6, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wright, Mark G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, 3050 Maile Way # 310, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-02-28</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>89</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>73</mods:start>
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<mods:end>87</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.89.77931</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.89.77931</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-89-73</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">DD91471548044F7EA4FF196047B83756</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">B1E9B06C922F5DE28E388186CB896DDD</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6336448</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="193849785" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:09DE5C66-46AC-4769-A296-E1A12C4F0C66" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/55CA80E311E1512BA86DD0FB16EF91A3" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/09DE5C66-46AC-4769-A296-E1A12C4F0C66" authority=", Honsberger & Huber" authorityName=", Honsberger & Huber" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Mymarommatidae" genus="Mymaromma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mymaromma menehune" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="menehune" status="sp. nov.">Mymaromma menehune, Honsberger & Huber</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="73">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A Ficus microcarpa tree on which the Mymaromma sp. was found and from which branches were obtained for collection of potential host eggs B the lengths of structures measured as shown. See text for more explanation C, D Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. wings C allotype wing on left showing ventral microtrichia only, wing on right showing dorsal microtrichia only D holotype wing on left showing dorsal microtrichia only, wing on right showing ventral microtrichia only. Scale bars: 250 µm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650391" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Figs 1B-D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. A, B holotype ♀ C, D allotype ♂ E head showing mandible (non type, ♀) F dorsal view of propodeum (non type, ♀) G close up of mandible (non type, ♀). Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C); 100 µm (B, D); 50 µm (E, F); 25 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650392" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">, 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov., ex Lepidopsocus sp. eggs on F. microcarpa branches. A-C M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and D egg from which it emerged E-G M. menehune ♀ (paratype) and H egg from which it emerged I-K M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and L egg from which it emerged." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650394" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">, 4</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. (♀) exploring wood, found and photographed during inspection of F. microcarpa branches." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650397" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">, 7</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2019-06-28" collectorName="D. Honsberger" elevation="15" latitude="21.2954" location="Hoyer's" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-157.8145" specimenCount="♀" typeStatus="Holotype">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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: female (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. A, B holotype ♀ C, D allotype ♂ E head showing mandible (non type, ♀) F dorsal view of propodeum (non type, ♀) G close up of mandible (non type, ♀). Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C); 100 µm (B, D); 50 µm (E, F); 25 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650392" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">2A,B</figureCitation>
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||
) (UHIM) uncleared in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Hoyer’s">
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:55CA80E311E1512BA86DD0FB16EF91A3:AFF461DA150BC87B496B823AF19D5611" latitude="21.2954" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-157.8145" name="Hoyer's">Hoyer's</location>
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</normalizedToken>
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medium sealed with epoxy, on slide with two labels as follows: "Hawaiian Islands,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="O‘ahu">O'ahu</normalizedToken>
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I.,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Mānoa">Manoa</normalizedToken>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="21.2954" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="21.2954">21.2954°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="157.8145" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-157.8145">157.8145°W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="15.0">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<collectingDate value="2019-06-28">28.vi.2019</collectingDate>
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, ex
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ficus microcarpa" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="microcarpa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Ficus microcarpa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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branches,
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<collectorName>D. Honsberger</collectorName>
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". "
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<taxonomicName authorityName=", Honsberger & Huber" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Mymarommatidae" genus="Mymaromma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mymaromma menehune" order="Psocoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="menehune">Mymaromma menehune</taxonomicName>
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Honsberger & Huber
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<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
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"
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<typeStatus>Allotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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: male (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. A, B holotype ♀ C, D allotype ♂ E head showing mandible (non type, ♀) F dorsal view of propodeum (non type, ♀) G close up of mandible (non type, ♀). Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C); 100 µm (B, D); 50 µm (E, F); 25 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650392" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">2C,D</figureCitation>
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) (UHIM) with same locality data as
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<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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.
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-07-27" collectingDateMax="2021-06-19" collectingDateMin="2018-07-27" collectingMethod="yellow sticky board traps" collectorName="W. D. Perreira" county="Ili'Ili'opae" elevation="15" latitude="21.2954" location="Moloka'i island" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-157.8145" municipality="Mapulehu Valley" specimenCount="36" specimenCount-female="24" specimenCount-male="12" typeStatus="Paratypes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<specimenCount type="female">12 females</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount type="male">6 males</specimenCount>
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, all except the two
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:55CA80E311E1512BA86DD0FB16EF91A3:9DFFE86E4A6C6EEBEA9B317C650533F6" county="Ili'Ili'opae" latitude="21.2954" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-157.8145" municipality="Mapulehu Valley" name="Moloka'i island">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Moloka‘i">Moloka'i</normalizedToken>
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island
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</location>
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specimens with same locality data as
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<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
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except as indicated.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Moloka‘i">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:55CA80E311E1512BA86DD0FB16EF91A3:E6224FC9EFAA7EE3E56E59654192FA93" county="Ili'Ili'opae" latitude="21.2954" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-157.8145" municipality="Mapulehu Valley" name="Moloka'i">Moloka'i</location>
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</normalizedToken>
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</emphasis>
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•
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<collectingMunicipality>Mapulehu Valley</collectingMunicipality>
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near
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ili‘Ili‘opae">
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<collectingCounty>Ili'Ili'opae</collectingCounty>
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</normalizedToken>
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heiau, 10-40',
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<collectingDate value="1995-12-08" valueMax="1995-12-22" valueMin="1995-12-08">8-22.xii.1995</collectingDate>
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and
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<collectingDate value="1996-04-12" valueMax="1996-04-26" valueMin="1996-04-12">12-26.iv.1996</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName>W.D. Perreira</collectorName>
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,
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<collectingMethod>yellow sticky board traps</collectingMethod>
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(
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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&
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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slide mounted, CNC).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="O‘ahu">O'ahu</normalizedToken>
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</emphasis>
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•
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<collectingDate value="2021-06-19">19.vi.2021</collectingDate>
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, walking
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<collectedFrom>
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on
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ficus microcarpa" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="microcarpa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Ficus microcarpa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</collectedFrom>
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branches (
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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slide mounted, UHIM) •
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<collectingDate value="2021-06-18">18.vi.2021</collectingDate>
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, emerged from
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Lepidopsocidae" genus="Lepidopsocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidopsocus" order="Psocodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Lepidopsocus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. eggs
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<collectedFrom>
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on
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ficus microcarpa" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="microcarpa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Ficus microcarpa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</collectedFrom>
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branches (
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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, UHIM,
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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, BPBM,
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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, CNC, all point mounted, each with host egg from which it emerged also glued to point) •
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<collectingDate value="2019-06-28">28.vi.2019</collectingDate>
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(
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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&
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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, BPBM,
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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, CNC all slide mounted,
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<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
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point mounted, CNC) •
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<collectingDate value="2019-05-17">17.v.2019</collectingDate>
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(
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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slide mounted, BPBM,
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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point mounted, UHIM) •
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<collectingDate value="2018-07-27">27.vii.2018</collectingDate>
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(
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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, slide mounted, UHIM,
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
&
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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both slide mounted, CNC,
|
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
point mounted,
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||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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slide mounted, BPBM)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
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.
|
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="6336452" doi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650392" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
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<taxonomicName authorityName=", Honsberger & Huber" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Mymarommatidae" genus="Mymaromma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mymaromma menehune" order="Psocoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="menehune">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Mymaromma menehune</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">C, D</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus>allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">E</emphasis>
|
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head showing mandible (non type,
|
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<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">F</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view of propodeum (non type,
|
||
<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">G</emphasis>
|
||
close up of mandible (non type,
|
||
<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
|
||
). Scale bars: 500
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">A, C</emphasis>
|
||
); 100
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">B, D</emphasis>
|
||
); 50
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">E, F</emphasis>
|
||
); 25
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">G</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="materials_examined">
|
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Other material examined.</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1995-11-24" collectingDateMax="1995-12-08" collectingDateMin="1995-11-24" collectingMethod="yellow sticky board traps" collectorName="W. D. Perreira, J. W. Beardsley" county="Halawa Valley" location="Moloka'i" municipality="Mapulehu Valley" specimenCount="12" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="10">
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">5 males</specimenCount>
|
||
, all slide mounted.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Moloka‘i">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:55CA80E311E1512BA86DD0FB16EF91A3:BD5D99B66F34E935E455E13F4239BAEA" county="Halawa Valley" municipality="Mapulehu Valley" name="Moloka'i">Moloka'i</location>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
•
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Mapulehu Valley</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
near
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ili‘ili‘opae">Ili'ili'opae</normalizedToken>
|
||
heiau, 10-40',
|
||
<collectingDate value="1995-08">viii.1995</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1995-09-29" valueMax="1995-10-13" valueMin="1995-09-29">29.ix-13.x.1995</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1996-03-01" valueMax="1996-03-15" valueMin="1996-03-01">1-15.iii.1996</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>W.D. Perreira</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMethod>yellow sticky board traps</collectingMethod>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, BPBM) •
|
||
<collectingCounty>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hālawa">Halawa</normalizedToken>
|
||
Valley
|
||
</collectingCounty>
|
||
, 200',
|
||
<collectingDate value="1995-09-29" valueMax="1995-10-13" valueMin="1995-09-29">29.ix-13.x.1995</collectingDate>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingDate value="1995-10-27" valueMax="1995-11-10" valueMin="1995-10-27">27.x-10.xi.1995</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>J.W. Beardsley</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>W.D. Perreira</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMethod>yellow sticky board traps</collectingMethod>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, BPBM) • near Honomuni Str.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1995-11-24" valueMax="1995-12-08" valueMin="1995-11-24">24.xi-8.xii.1995</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>W.D. Perreira</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMethod>yellow sticky board traps</collectingMethod>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, BPBM)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Honsberger & Huber" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Mymarommatidae" genus="Mymaromma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mymaromma menehune" order="Psocoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="menehune">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Mymaromma menehune</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. goethei" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="goethei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. goethei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Girault, 1920 and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. longipterus" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="longipterus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. longipterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Ayyamperrumal & Manickavasagam, 2017. All are distinguished from other described species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1920" class="Insecta" family="Mymarommatidae" genus="Mymaromma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mymaromma" order="Psocoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Mymaromma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the sculpture of the propodeum: obliquely striate in anterior half and transversely striate in posterior half (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. A, B holotype ♀ C, D allotype ♂ E head showing mandible (non type, ♀) F dorsal view of propodeum (non type, ♀) G close up of mandible (non type, ♀). Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C); 100 µm (B, D); 50 µm (E, F); 25 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650392" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">2F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov., ex Lepidopsocus sp. eggs on F. microcarpa branches. A-C M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and D egg from which it emerged E-G M. menehune ♀ (paratype) and H egg from which it emerged I-K M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and L egg from which it emerged." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650394" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">4B,F,J</figureCitation>
|
||
and as in fig. 79 - M. sp. 6 in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gibson, GAP" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Hymenoptera Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" pagination="51 - 146" refId="B8" refString="Gibson, GAP, Read, J, Huber, JT, 2007. Diversity, classification and higher relationships of Mymarommatoidea (Hymenoptera). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 16 (1): 51 - 146" title="Diversity, classification and higher relationships of Mymarommatoidea (Hymenoptera)." volume="16" year="2007">Gibson et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (propodeum with more or less isodiametric reticulations in most other described
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1920" class="Insecta" family="Mymarommatidae" genus="Mymaromma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mymaromma" order="Psocoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Mymaromma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Beardsley, JW" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" pagination="61 - 63" publicationUrl="http://hdl.handle.net/10125/8410" refId="B4" refString="Beardsley, JW, Huber, JT, Perreira, WD, 2000. Mymarommatoidea, a superfamily of Hymenoptera new for the Hawaiian Islands. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 34: 61 - 63, http://hdl.handle.net/10125/8410" title="Mymarommatoidea, a superfamily of Hymenoptera new for the Hawaiian Islands." url="http://hdl.handle.net/10125/8410" volume="34" year="2000">Beardsley et al. (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gibson, GAP" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Hymenoptera Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" pagination="51 - 146" refId="B8" refString="Gibson, GAP, Read, J, Huber, JT, 2007. Diversity, classification and higher relationships of Mymarommatoidea (Hymenoptera). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 16 (1): 51 - 146" title="Diversity, classification and higher relationships of Mymarommatoidea (Hymenoptera)." volume="16" year="2007">Gibson et al. (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
had already noted that the Hawaiian specimens (not named at the time) were similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. goethei" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="goethei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. goethei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Honsberger & Huber" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Mymarommatidae" genus="Mymaromma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mymaromma menehune" order="Psocoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="menehune">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Mymaromma menehune</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
females differ slightly from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. goethei" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="goethei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. goethei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as follows: fu1 longer than fu2 and fu3 in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. menehune" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="menehune">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. menehune</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. A, B holotype ♀ C, D allotype ♂ E head showing mandible (non type, ♀) F dorsal view of propodeum (non type, ♀) G close up of mandible (non type, ♀). Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C); 100 µm (B, D); 50 µm (E, F); 25 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650392" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">2B</figureCitation>
|
||
) (fu1 and fu3 subequal in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. goethei" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="goethei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. goethei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); clava 3.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as wide in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. menehune" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="menehune">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. menehune</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. A, B holotype ♀ C, D allotype ♂ E head showing mandible (non type, ♀) F dorsal view of propodeum (non type, ♀) G close up of mandible (non type, ♀). Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C); 100 µm (B, D); 50 µm (E, F); 25 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650392" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">2B</figureCitation>
|
||
) (clava 5.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as wide in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. goethei" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="goethei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. goethei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(CNC specimen)); mandible dorsal tooth rounded and subcircular, aburptly meeting at an approximate right angle the straight section that extends to the apex of the mandible in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. menehune" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="menehune">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. menehune</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. A, B holotype ♀ C, D allotype ♂ E head showing mandible (non type, ♀) F dorsal view of propodeum (non type, ♀) G close up of mandible (non type, ♀). Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C); 100 µm (B, D); 50 µm (E, F); 25 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650392" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">2E,G</figureCitation>
|
||
) (dorsal tooth sharp and after its apex continues in a concave curve toward the base of the mandible in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. goethei" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="goethei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. goethei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gibson, GAP" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Hymenoptera Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" pagination="51 - 146" refId="B8" refString="Gibson, GAP, Read, J, Huber, JT, 2007. Diversity, classification and higher relationships of Mymarommatoidea (Hymenoptera). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 16 (1): 51 - 146" title="Diversity, classification and higher relationships of Mymarommatoidea (Hymenoptera)." volume="16" year="2007">Gibson et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 29)); meso/metapleural suture ventral to metapleural pit consistently deep throughout (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A Ficus microcarpa tree on which the Mymaromma sp. was found and from which branches were obtained for collection of potential host eggs B the lengths of structures measured as shown. See text for more explanation C, D Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. wings C allotype wing on left showing ventral microtrichia only, wing on right showing dorsal microtrichia only D holotype wing on left showing dorsal microtrichia only, wing on right showing ventral microtrichia only. Scale bars: 250 µm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650391" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">1B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. A, B holotype ♀ C, D allotype ♂ E head showing mandible (non type, ♀) F dorsal view of propodeum (non type, ♀) G close up of mandible (non type, ♀). Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C); 100 µm (B, D); 50 µm (E, F); 25 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650392" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">2D</figureCitation>
|
||
) (suture shallow ventrally below the metapleural pit in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. goethei" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="goethei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. goethei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Honsberger & Huber" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Mymarommatidae" genus="Mymaromma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mymaromma menehune" order="Psocoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="menehune">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Mymaromma menehune</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
females are distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. longipterus" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="longipterus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. longipterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having: 6 funicular segments (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. A, B holotype ♀ C, D allotype ♂ E head showing mandible (non type, ♀) F dorsal view of propodeum (non type, ♀) G close up of mandible (non type, ♀). Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C); 100 µm (B, D); 50 µm (E, F); 25 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650392" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">2B</figureCitation>
|
||
) (7 segments in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. longipterus" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="longipterus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. longipterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), with fu1 subequal to pedicel, fu5 and fu6, and longer than fu2 or fu3 (fu1 distinctly shorter than pedicel, fu2, fu3, fl5 and fl6 in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. longipterus" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="longipterus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. longipterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Honsberger & Huber" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Mymarommatidae" genus="Mymaromma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mymaromma menehune" order="Psocoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="menehune">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Mymaromma menehune</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
males have 10 flagellomeres with the apical 4 flagellomeres more widely joined together. Males are unknown for
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. goethei" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="goethei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. goethei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. longipterus" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="longipterus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. longipterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A male from Thailand and two males from Taiwan that have the same propodeal sculpture as
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. menehune" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="menehune">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. menehune</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. longipterus" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="longipterus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. longipterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but differ in other features also have a 10-segmented flagellum. Males of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. goethei" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="goethei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. goethei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. longipterus" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="longipterus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. longipterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
must be discovered and correctly associated with conspecific females before any differences among males of the three species can be determined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Female</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A Ficus microcarpa tree on which the Mymaromma sp. was found and from which branches were obtained for collection of potential host eggs B the lengths of structures measured as shown. See text for more explanation C, D Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. wings C allotype wing on left showing ventral microtrichia only, wing on right showing dorsal microtrichia only D holotype wing on left showing dorsal microtrichia only, wing on right showing ventral microtrichia only. Scale bars: 250 µm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650391" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">1D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. A, B holotype ♀ C, D allotype ♂ E head showing mandible (non type, ♀) F dorsal view of propodeum (non type, ♀) G close up of mandible (non type, ♀). Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C); 100 µm (B, D); 50 µm (E, F); 25 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650392" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">2A,B,E-G</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Relative lengths and widths for 5 females and 4 males of antennal segments of M. menehune sp. nov. A, B female C, D male. Bar heights are means, error bars are ranges." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650393" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">3A,B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov., ex Lepidopsocus sp. eggs on F. microcarpa branches. A-C M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and D egg from which it emerged E-G M. menehune ♀ (paratype) and H egg from which it emerged I-K M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and L egg from which it emerged." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650394" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">4E-G</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. (♀) exploring wood, found and photographed during inspection of F. microcarpa branches." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650397" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">7</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body length of point mounted specimens 0.39-0.43 mm (n = 6), body length of slide mounted specimens 0.43-0.46 mm (n = 5), holotype 0.43 mm.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Colour</emphasis>
|
||
: Uniformly brown except for head ventral to eye yellow and small triangular patch ventral to tegula almost black; legs and petiole translucent yellow (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. A, B holotype ♀ C, D allotype ♂ E head showing mandible (non type, ♀) F dorsal view of propodeum (non type, ♀) G close up of mandible (non type, ♀). Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C); 100 µm (B, D); 50 µm (E, F); 25 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650392" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">2A-D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov., ex Lepidopsocus sp. eggs on F. microcarpa branches. A-C M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and D egg from which it emerged E-G M. menehune ♀ (paratype) and H egg from which it emerged I-K M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and L egg from which it emerged." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650394" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">4A,B,E,F,I,J</figureCitation>
|
||
); tarsal segments 1-3 with apex dorsally dark brown, and segments 4 and 5 with apex dorsally light brown (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. A, B holotype ♀ C, D allotype ♂ E head showing mandible (non type, ♀) F dorsal view of propodeum (non type, ♀) G close up of mandible (non type, ♀). Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C); 100 µm (B, D); 50 µm (E, F); 25 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650392" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">2A,C,D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov., ex Lepidopsocus sp. eggs on F. microcarpa branches. A-C M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and D egg from which it emerged E-G M. menehune ♀ (paratype) and H egg from which it emerged I-K M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and L egg from which it emerged." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650394" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">4A,B,E,F,I,J</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Head.</emphasis>
|
||
Eye with about 35 ommatidia. Ocelli absent. Vertex, temple and gena faintly and finely transversely striate, with a few scattered white setae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov., ex Lepidopsocus sp. eggs on F. microcarpa branches. A-C M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and D egg from which it emerged E-G M. menehune ♀ (paratype) and H egg from which it emerged I-K M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and L egg from which it emerged." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650394" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Malar space short, about the length of one ommatidium.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
: Funicle 6-segmented (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. A, B holotype ♀ C, D allotype ♂ E head showing mandible (non type, ♀) F dorsal view of propodeum (non type, ♀) G close up of mandible (non type, ♀). Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C); 100 µm (B, D); 50 µm (E, F); 25 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650392" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">2A,B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Length range/width range (ratio range) (n = 5) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Relative lengths and widths for 5 females and 4 males of antennal segments of M. menehune sp. nov. A, B female C, D male. Bar heights are means, error bars are ranges." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650393" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">3A,B</figureCitation>
|
||
) of all segments: scape 36-51/11-12 (3.2-4.2), pedicel 24-29/15-16 (1.5-1.9), fu1 26-28/6-7 (4.0-4.8), fu2 19-22/6-7 (2.8-3.8), fu3 18-20/6-8 (2.4-3.1), fu4 23-25/7-9 (2.7-3.3), fu5 25-29/8-9 (3.0-3.2), fu6 27-30/10-13 (2.3-2.7), clava 98-108/26-31 (3.3-3.8).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Mouthparts</emphasis>
|
||
: Mandible tridentate (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. A, B holotype ♀ C, D allotype ♂ E head showing mandible (non type, ♀) F dorsal view of propodeum (non type, ♀) G close up of mandible (non type, ♀). Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C); 100 µm (B, D); 50 µm (E, F); 25 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650392" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">2G</figureCitation>
|
||
); dorsal tooth rounded, its margin subcircular and abruptly meeting at an approximate right angle the straight projection forming the (mainly brown) apical tooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="6336454" doi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650393" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Relative lengths and widths for 5 females and 4 males of antennal segments of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. menehune" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="menehune">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. menehune</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
female
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">C, D</emphasis>
|
||
male. Bar heights are means, error bars are ranges.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Mesosoma.</emphasis>
|
||
Mesosoma length 2.22-2.42
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
propodeum length (n = 5). Mesoscutum with raised isodiametric reticulate sculpture and four thick setae in a transverse line near posterior margin (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov., ex Lepidopsocus sp. eggs on F. microcarpa branches. A-C M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and D egg from which it emerged E-G M. menehune ♀ (paratype) and H egg from which it emerged I-K M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and L egg from which it emerged." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650394" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">4B,F,J</figureCitation>
|
||
). Scutellum (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov., ex Lepidopsocus sp. eggs on F. microcarpa branches. A-C M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and D egg from which it emerged E-G M. menehune ♀ (paratype) and H egg from which it emerged I-K M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and L egg from which it emerged." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650394" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">4B,F,J</figureCitation>
|
||
) with sculpture longitudinally striate anteriorly and laterally but isodiametric posteromedially and 1 lateral seta extending to anterior margin of frenum; frenum (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. A, B holotype ♀ C, D allotype ♂ E head showing mandible (non type, ♀) F dorsal view of propodeum (non type, ♀) G close up of mandible (non type, ♀). Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C); 100 µm (B, D); 50 µm (E, F); 25 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650392" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">2F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov., ex Lepidopsocus sp. eggs on F. microcarpa branches. A-C M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and D egg from which it emerged E-G M. menehune ♀ (paratype) and H egg from which it emerged I-K M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and L egg from which it emerged." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650394" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">4B,F,J</figureCitation>
|
||
) with longitudinally striate sculpture. Pronotum laterally, propleuron and mesopleuron apparently with faint, fine, longitudinally striate sculpture at least in ventral half (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov., ex Lepidopsocus sp. eggs on F. microcarpa branches. A-C M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and D egg from which it emerged E-G M. menehune ♀ (paratype) and H egg from which it emerged I-K M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and L egg from which it emerged." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650394" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">4A,E,I</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mesopleuron mostly smooth and shiny. Mesopleuron and metapleuron partially fused, in lateral view with suture between them consistently deep along its length and extending to metapleural pit at 0.74-0.76
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
distance between sternum and propodeal spiracle (n = 5) (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. A, B holotype ♀ C, D allotype ♂ E head showing mandible (non type, ♀) F dorsal view of propodeum (non type, ♀) G close up of mandible (non type, ♀). Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C); 100 µm (B, D); 50 µm (E, F); 25 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650392" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">2B,D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov., ex Lepidopsocus sp. eggs on F. microcarpa branches. A-C M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and D egg from which it emerged E-G M. menehune ♀ (paratype) and H egg from which it emerged I-K M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and L egg from which it emerged." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650394" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">4A,E,I</figureCitation>
|
||
). Metanotum in dorsal view as a narrow band about 10
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as wide as long, smooth (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. A, B holotype ♀ C, D allotype ♂ E head showing mandible (non type, ♀) F dorsal view of propodeum (non type, ♀) G close up of mandible (non type, ♀). Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C); 100 µm (B, D); 50 µm (E, F); 25 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650392" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">2F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov., ex Lepidopsocus sp. eggs on F. microcarpa branches. A-C M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and D egg from which it emerged E-G M. menehune ♀ (paratype) and H egg from which it emerged I-K M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and L egg from which it emerged." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650394" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">4B,F,J</figureCitation>
|
||
) and apparently fused laterally with metapleuron. Propodeum (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. A, B holotype ♀ C, D allotype ♂ E head showing mandible (non type, ♀) F dorsal view of propodeum (non type, ♀) G close up of mandible (non type, ♀). Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C); 100 µm (B, D); 50 µm (E, F); 25 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650392" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">2F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov., ex Lepidopsocus sp. eggs on F. microcarpa branches. A-C M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and D egg from which it emerged E-G M. menehune ♀ (paratype) and H egg from which it emerged I-K M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and L egg from which it emerged." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650394" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">4B,F,J</figureCitation>
|
||
) in dorsal view with
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Λ-shaped">Λ-shaped</normalizedToken>
|
||
striations in about anterior third, these usually well-defined laterally (in some individuals becoming smooth near midline) and in posterior two thirds with transverse striations medially but curving posteriorly towards lateral margin, and in lateral view smooth; propodeum separated dorsally and laterally from metanotum by groove-like spiracular peritreme forming, in lateral view, acute angle with posterior margin of metanotum (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. A, B holotype ♀ C, D allotype ♂ E head showing mandible (non type, ♀) F dorsal view of propodeum (non type, ♀) G close up of mandible (non type, ♀). Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C); 100 µm (B, D); 50 µm (E, F); 25 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650392" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">2B,D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov., ex Lepidopsocus sp. eggs on F. microcarpa branches. A-C M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and D egg from which it emerged E-G M. menehune ♀ (paratype) and H egg from which it emerged I-K M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and L egg from which it emerged." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650394" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">4A,E,I</figureCitation>
|
||
). Propodeal spiracle round to apostrophe shaped, somewhat like outline of a garden snail shell, with a single seta posterior to spiracle; propodeal flange ∩ shaped and evenly projecting, extending to bottom of petiolar insertion.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
: Protarsal segments 3-5 subequal, with segment 1 slightly the longest and segment 2 very slightly the shortest. Meso- and metatarsal segments 2-5 subequal, with segment 1 slightly the longest.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Wings</emphasis>
|
||
: Fore wing with isodiametric reticulations, subhyaline and without infuscations (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A Ficus microcarpa tree on which the Mymaromma sp. was found and from which branches were obtained for collection of potential host eggs B the lengths of structures measured as shown. See text for more explanation C, D Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. wings C allotype wing on left showing ventral microtrichia only, wing on right showing dorsal microtrichia only D holotype wing on left showing dorsal microtrichia only, wing on right showing ventral microtrichia only. Scale bars: 250 µm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650391" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">1C,D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. A, B holotype ♀ C, D allotype ♂ E head showing mandible (non type, ♀) F dorsal view of propodeum (non type, ♀) G close up of mandible (non type, ♀). Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C); 100 µm (B, D); 50 µm (E, F); 25 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650392" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">2A,B,C,D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov., ex Lepidopsocus sp. eggs on F. microcarpa branches. A-C M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and D egg from which it emerged E-G M. menehune ♀ (paratype) and H egg from which it emerged I-K M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and L egg from which it emerged." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650394" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">4B,E,I</figureCitation>
|
||
); fore wing length range/width range (ratio range) 354-385/85-96 (3.83-4.21); longest marginal (fringe) setae (1.74-1.88)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
wing width. From basal seta on the posterior margin around the wing to anterior basal setae, the fringe setae as follows: 1 long basal seta inserted at wing margin; 6 or 7 shorter setae generally increasing in length distally and inserted at wing margin; about 38-41 (n = 5) long setae, the proximal 2 or 3 on both anterior and posterior margins inserted at wing margin, the remainder inserted well inside wing margin; about 11 short setae projecting from wing margin, the medial setae longer than the basal and apical setae, and 1 or 2 very short basal setae. Fore wing membrane with 2 long rows of microtrichia dorsally (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A Ficus microcarpa tree on which the Mymaromma sp. was found and from which branches were obtained for collection of potential host eggs B the lengths of structures measured as shown. See text for more explanation C, D Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. wings C allotype wing on left showing ventral microtrichia only, wing on right showing dorsal microtrichia only D holotype wing on left showing dorsal microtrichia only, wing on right showing ventral microtrichia only. Scale bars: 250 µm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650391" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">1C</figureCitation>
|
||
-right wing, 1D-left wing) and 2 long rows and an additional, posterior short row of about 3 setae ventrally (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A Ficus microcarpa tree on which the Mymaromma sp. was found and from which branches were obtained for collection of potential host eggs B the lengths of structures measured as shown. See text for more explanation C, D Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. wings C allotype wing on left showing ventral microtrichia only, wing on right showing dorsal microtrichia only D holotype wing on left showing dorsal microtrichia only, wing on right showing ventral microtrichia only. Scale bars: 250 µm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650391" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">1C</figureCitation>
|
||
-left wing, 1D-right wing), generally as in Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A Ficus microcarpa tree on which the Mymaromma sp. was found and from which branches were obtained for collection of potential host eggs B the lengths of structures measured as shown. See text for more explanation C, D Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. wings C allotype wing on left showing ventral microtrichia only, wing on right showing dorsal microtrichia only D holotype wing on left showing dorsal microtrichia only, wing on right showing ventral microtrichia only. Scale bars: 250 µm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650391" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">1C,D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. A, B holotype ♀ C, D allotype ♂ E head showing mandible (non type, ♀) F dorsal view of propodeum (non type, ♀) G close up of mandible (non type, ♀). Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C); 100 µm (B, D); 50 µm (E, F); 25 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650392" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">2A,C</figureCitation>
|
||
but with exact placement varying slightly among individuals. Hind wing apically bifurcate, diverging into two rounded hooks with sharp ends smoothly bending back toward each other, leaving a subcircular opening between them.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="6336456" doi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650394" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Honsberger & Huber" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Mymarommatidae" genus="Mymaromma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mymaromma menehune" order="Psocoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="menehune">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Mymaromma menehune</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., ex
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Lepidopsocidae" genus="Lepidopsocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidopsocus" order="Psocodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Lepidopsocus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. eggs on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. microcarpa" order="Psocoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microcarpa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">F. microcarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
branches.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">A-C</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. menehune" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="menehune">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. menehune</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂ (paratype) and
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">D</emphasis>
|
||
egg from which it emerged
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">E-G</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. menehune" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="menehune">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. menehune</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
♀ (paratype) and
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">H</emphasis>
|
||
egg from which it emerged
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">I-K</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. menehune" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="menehune">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. menehune</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂ (paratype) and
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">L</emphasis>
|
||
egg from which it emerged.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Metasoma.</emphasis>
|
||
Length range of P1/length range of P2 (ratio range) = 49-55/31-37 (1.42-1.58); P1 with small spicules ventrobasally, otherwise smooth; segment P2 slightly rougher especially ventrobasally. Cercus with four long setae. Ovipositor length 0.55-0.59
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
metatibia length (n = 5).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Male</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A Ficus microcarpa tree on which the Mymaromma sp. was found and from which branches were obtained for collection of potential host eggs B the lengths of structures measured as shown. See text for more explanation C, D Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. wings C allotype wing on left showing ventral microtrichia only, wing on right showing dorsal microtrichia only D holotype wing on left showing dorsal microtrichia only, wing on right showing ventral microtrichia only. Scale bars: 250 µm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650391" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">1B,C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. A, B holotype ♀ C, D allotype ♂ E head showing mandible (non type, ♀) F dorsal view of propodeum (non type, ♀) G close up of mandible (non type, ♀). Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C); 100 µm (B, D); 50 µm (E, F); 25 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650392" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">2C,D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Relative lengths and widths for 5 females and 4 males of antennal segments of M. menehune sp. nov. A, B female C, D male. Bar heights are means, error bars are ranges." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650393" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">3C,D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov., ex Lepidopsocus sp. eggs on F. microcarpa branches. A-C M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and D egg from which it emerged E-G M. menehune ♀ (paratype) and H egg from which it emerged I-K M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and L egg from which it emerged." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650394" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">4A-C,I-K</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body length of point mounted specimens 0.39-0.40 mm (n = 2), body length of slide mounted specimens 0.43-0.46 mm (n = 4), allotype 0.43 mm. Similar to female except as follows: profemur and protibia sometimes brown (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov., ex Lepidopsocus sp. eggs on F. microcarpa branches. A-C M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and D egg from which it emerged E-G M. menehune ♀ (paratype) and H egg from which it emerged I-K M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and L egg from which it emerged." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650394" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">4K</figureCitation>
|
||
); antenna with 10 flagellar segments, forming a loose, indistinct clava with fl6-fl9 more widely united to each other, and wider and more globular than the consistently narrow (except fl6) basal segments and the smaller apical segment. Each segment with a whorl of long white setae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov., ex Lepidopsocus sp. eggs on F. microcarpa branches. A-C M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and D egg from which it emerged E-G M. menehune ♀ (paratype) and H egg from which it emerged I-K M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and L egg from which it emerged." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650394" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">4K</figureCitation>
|
||
) among other shorter ones. Antennal length range/width range (ratio range) (n = 4) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Relative lengths and widths for 5 females and 4 males of antennal segments of M. menehune sp. nov. A, B female C, D male. Bar heights are means, error bars are ranges." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650393" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">3C,D</figureCitation>
|
||
): scape 39-46/9-11 (3.4-4.6), pedicel 24-28/14-15 (1.6-1.9), fl1 25-29/10 (2.6-3.0), fl2 27-32/9-10 (2.9-3.5), fl3 27-30/9-10 (2.9-3.1), fl4 30-32/9-10 (3.0-3.6), fl5 30-31/10-12 (2.6-3.2), fl6 27-29/12-14 (1.9-2.4), fl7 24/12-15 (1.6-1.9), fl8 23-27/14-18 (1.3-1.8), fl9 22-26/15-16 (1.4-1.6), fl10 24-28/10-11 (2.3-2.7). Mesosoma length 2.28-2.43
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
propodeum length (n = 4). Fore wing length range/width range (ratio range) 342-395/89-97 (3.83-4.08); longest marginal (fringe) setae 1.83-1.98
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
wing width (n = 4). Length range of P1/length range of P2 (ratio range) = 45-49/33-34 (1.36-1.46) (n = 4).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Because of its size and elusivity, this species is named after the Menehune, in Hawaiian legend a people who were small and not often seen, that live in the forests and are known for being industrious craftspeople who emerge during the night and build structures.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="host">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Host record and parasitoid behavior.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
Three
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. menehune" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="menehune">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. menehune</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
individuals emerged from the eggs in the capsules, all from morphologically identical eggs, and each
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. menehune" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="menehune">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. menehune</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
individual from a single egg in a single capsule (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov., ex Lepidopsocus sp. eggs on F. microcarpa branches. A-C M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and D egg from which it emerged E-G M. menehune ♀ (paratype) and H egg from which it emerged I-K M. menehune ♂ (paratype) and L egg from which it emerged." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650394" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">4</figureCitation>
|
||
). These eggs were confirmed through rearing of additional identical eggs to be of a
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Lepidopsocidae" genus="Lepidopsocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidopsocus" order="Psocodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Lepidopsocus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Psocodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Psocodea</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lepidopsocidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Psocodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Lepidopsocidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Lepidopsocus sp., host of Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. A-D Lepidopsocus sp. eggs, found on F. microcarpa branches, in C two eggs visible, oviposited into a fissure in the wood presumably chewed by an ovipositing cerambycid, and secondarily inhabited by Cryphalus brasiliensis (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) E, F Lepidopsocus sp. adult reared from morphologically identical eggs." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650395" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">5</figureCitation>
|
||
). Eggs of this species on the branches inspected were observed to be placed singly, typically in the trough of a shallow topographical feature on the wood surface, such as a small fissure or recess in the bark, the crevice chewed for egg placement by an ovipositing cerambycid, or the crevice created by bark separating from the xylem on a broken branch (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Lepidopsocus sp., host of Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. A-D Lepidopsocus sp. eggs, found on F. microcarpa branches, in C two eggs visible, oviposited into a fissure in the wood presumably chewed by an ovipositing cerambycid, and secondarily inhabited by Cryphalus brasiliensis (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) E, F Lepidopsocus sp. adult reared from morphologically identical eggs." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650395" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">5</figureCitation>
|
||
). We are confident that the eggs reared for identification and the eggs from which
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. menehune" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="menehune">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">M. menehune</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
emerged belong to the same species. A previous study of arthropods emerging from similar branches taken from the same tree over the course of approximately one year (D. Honsberger, unpublished) yielded four species of bark lice from the wood:
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Lepidopsocidae" genus="Lepidopsocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidopsocus" order="Psocodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Lepidopsocus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thornton & Wong" authorityYear="1968" class="Insecta" family="Ectopsocidae" genus="Ectopsocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ectopsocus spilotus" order="Psocodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spilotus">Ectopsocus? spilotus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Badonnel" authorityYear="1967" class="Insecta" family="Ectopsocidae" genus="Ectopsocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ectopsocus pilosus" order="Psocodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilosus">Ectopsocus? pilosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and a
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Psocidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Psocodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Psocidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. There is great variation in egg morphology within
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Psocodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Psocodea</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Badonnel" authorityYear="1967" class="Insecta" family="Ectopsocidae" genus="Ectopsocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ectopsocus pilosus" order="Psocodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilosus">Ectopsocus? pilosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Psocidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Psocodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Psocidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. were found through rearing of other eggs collected on the wood to have morphologically dissimilar eggs to those of the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Lepidopsocidae" genus="Lepidopsocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidopsocus" order="Psocodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Lepidopsocus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Eggs and adults of two other species of bark lice found to emerge from F. microcarpa branches from the same tree A Psocidae sp. adult B-C eggs of Psocidae sp. (B unhatched C hatched) D Ectopsocus? pilosus adult E-F eggs, frass, and web of E.? pilosus (E a patch of eggs visible near bottom left F the eggs are the white ovoids)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650396" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">6</figureCitation>
|
||
), and eggs of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. spilotus" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="spilotus">E.? spilotus</taxonomicName>
|
||
could be assumed to be similar to those of the congeneric
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. pilosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="pilosus">E.? pilosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and dissimilar to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Lepidopsocidae" genus="Lepidopsocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidopsocus" order="Psocodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Lepidopsocus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. eggs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.1987.11835472" author="New, TR" journalOrPublisher="Oriental Insects" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 109" refId="B13" refString="New, TR, 1987. Biology of the Psocoptera. Oriental Insects 21: 1 - 109, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.1987.11835472" title="Biology of the Psocoptera." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.1987.11835472" volume="21" year="1987">New 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The host-parasitoid association was thus confirmed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="6336458" doi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650395" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Lepidopsocidae" genus="Lepidopsocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidopsocus" order="Psocodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Lepidopsocus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp., host of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Honsberger & Huber" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Mymarommatidae" genus="Mymaromma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mymaromma menehune" order="Psocoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="menehune">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Mymaromma menehune</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">A-D</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Lepidopsocidae" genus="Lepidopsocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidopsocus" order="Psocodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Lepidopsocus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. eggs, found on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. microcarpa" order="Psocoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microcarpa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">F. microcarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
branches, in
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">C</emphasis>
|
||
two eggs visible, oviposited into a fissure in the wood presumably chewed by an ovipositing cerambycid, and secondarily inhabited by
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schedl" authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cryphalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryphalus brasiliensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Cryphalus brasiliensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Scolytinae">Scolytinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">E, F</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Lepidopsocidae" genus="Lepidopsocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidopsocus" order="Psocodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Lepidopsocus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. adult reared from morphologically identical eggs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="6336460" doi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650396" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Eggs and adults of two other species of bark lice found to emerge from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. microcarpa" order="Psocoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microcarpa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">F. microcarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
branches from the same tree
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">A</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Psocidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Psocodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Psocidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. adult
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">B-C</emphasis>
|
||
eggs of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Psocidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Psocodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Psocidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">B</emphasis>
|
||
unhatched
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">C</emphasis>
|
||
hatched)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">D</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Badonnel" authorityYear="1967" class="Insecta" family="Ectopsocidae" genus="Ectopsocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ectopsocus pilosus" order="Psocodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilosus">Ectopsocus? pilosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
adult
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">E-F</emphasis>
|
||
eggs, frass, and web of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. pilosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="pilosus">E.? pilosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">E</emphasis>
|
||
a patch of eggs visible near bottom left
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">F</emphasis>
|
||
the eggs are the white ovoids).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
Three mymarommatoids were observed on the surface of the branches inspected under the microscope (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Mymaromma menehune sp. nov. (♀) exploring wood, found and photographed during inspection of F. microcarpa branches." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650397" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">7</figureCitation>
|
||
; Video 1 https://vimeo.com/666102893). They were subsequently identified as the same species that emerged from the eggs and is described above. The wasps were observed to walk rapidly over the bark surface and groom themselves frequently. No encounter with host eggs was observed. The position of the bellows on the head while the wasps were exploring the wood may be of note, as it has not previously been reported in living individuals. The occiput was flush with the vertex, and expansion or movement of the bellows was not observed. This lack of utilization of the bellows while searching on wood is consistent with its possible function proposed by
|
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<bibRefCitation author="Huber, JT" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Hymenoptera Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" pagination="175 - 194" refId="B10" refString="Huber, JT, Gibson, GAP, Bauer, LS, Liu, H, Gates, M, 2008. The genus Mymaromella (Hymenoptera: Mymarommatidae) in North America, with a key to described extant species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 17 (2): 175 - 194" title="The genus Mymaromella (Hymenoptera: Mymarommatidae) in North America, with a key to described extant species." volume="17" year="2008">Huber et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
where, in combination with the exodont mandibles, the bellows is expanded to assist in bursting out of a host egg with a flexible chorion.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="6336462" doi="10.3897/jhr.89.77931.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650397" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Honsberger & Huber" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Mymarommatidae" genus="Mymaromma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mymaromma menehune" order="Psocoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="menehune">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Mymaromma menehune</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (♀) exploring wood, found and photographed during inspection of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. microcarpa" order="Psocoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microcarpa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">F. microcarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
branches.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |