197 lines
17 KiB
XML
197 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="297102" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7316519" ID-GBIF-Dataset="38aee501-3c26-4686-9c32-a0991b651db7" ID-ISBN="0-8018-8221-4" checkinTime="1670905099958" checkinUser="guido" docAuthor="Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn" docDate="2005" docId="55C3526C36324C7DBEE3C9DDE28B6C96" docLanguage="en" docName="MammalSpeciesofTheWorld.2005.Artiodactyla.637-722.xml" docOrigin="Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press" docTitle="Alces americanus Clinton 1822" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="AB6A4FBA464988A6B3A53F4B8CD52B4B" lastPageNumber="653" masterDocId="AB6A4FBA464988A6B3A53F4B8CD52B4B" masterDocTitle="Order Artiodactyla" masterLastPageNumber="722" masterPageNumber="637" pageNumber="653" updateTime="1716783024384" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="BD2FDE7C8950DA4278B5549B4F07C64B">
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<mods:title id="D956EF4D4273F2144717A81F75E00A83">Order Artiodactyla</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="418B92DAE1C47B5DBB17210DE7728FF0" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="AFBB5D42FB4DB0DD957440F6D1B15D4F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="3349A3C6C684ACEFD4D74A7EE59A00A0">Wilson, Don E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="92FC621F44F4E5FF6F98C77DE9069898" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1DF262E7E01D46DA541DEBD18CA2FC9B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="A2ECDD3A0445E86A1A95259199121806">Reeder, DeeAnn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="5FF13F9EAC01D417677E898556F5FCD2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="76A3761C4E8FB451C606EEADFF012B8D">2005</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="FB7140D77860665F4D30D18D159A0B8A">The Johns Hopkins University Press</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place id="51A98DB515F4B30804B9E46E1F3CC995">
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<mods:placeTerm id="C24FB4099ECFCE91D68D645ABD082937">Baltimore</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo id="DCE1AE5BCCD9242D7DE8B8D093F0B33F">
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<mods:title id="133F7DC52C5D2B8727790432603F39DB">Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="BAD2253557E91AF12A05042DF47E5C35">
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<mods:extent id="BF376667C14578027C4EE8309E793462" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="EDCC04C615F64C759C50C2282E9522AE">637</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="84C9F484E313D19C5313BC0786B939A1">722</mods:end>
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<mods:identifier id="0F2754A777ADD3271B012E5FAB5B90AF" type="ISBN">0-8018-8221-4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D1E9696AAFCDC0BED5F12A91812AD843" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.7316519</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="55C3526C36324C7DBEE3C9DDE28B6C96" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11336437" ID-GBIF-Taxon="231540863" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11336437" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:55C3526C36324C7DBEE3C9DDE28B6C96" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/55C3526C36324C7DBEE3C9DDE28B6C96" lastPageNumber="653" pageNumber="653" sourceUrl="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=14200211">
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<subSubSection id="3954808FD617385CEBD3F9BD8FF0A43E" pageNumber="653" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9C83791367B84ACB03E3D2BA7A3B26E0" pageNumber="653">
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||
<taxonomicName id="73CFC38B4A462960F68E30C4827E306C" ID-CoL="BHC4" authority="Clinton 1822" authorityName="Clinton" authorityYear="1822" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Alces" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="653" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="americanus">
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<emphasis id="2861D713C10D11D7293553E25E332A91" italics="true" pageNumber="653">Alces americanus</emphasis>
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Clinton 1822
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F73EEF255E721984C6D172464CD97A49" pageNumber="653" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="6A131FA892A35F62E3779E05463C95BE" pageNumber="653">
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||
<treatmentCitation id="88F02C614CBE926E92B3306AF5C7753D" author="Clinton" authority="Clinton 1822" authorityName="Clinton" authorityYear="1822" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Alces" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" page="193" pageNumber="653" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="americanus" title="Alces americanus" volumeTitle="Letters on the natural history … of New York" year="1822">
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<taxonomicName id="A18B1FF776DDED4DFD942C2427C388A5" ID-CoL="BHC4" authority="Clinton 1822" authorityName="Clinton" authorityYear="1822" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Alces" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="653" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="americanus">
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<emphasis id="738077D4EDECC37E30E0FCA64118F5E9" italics="true" pageNumber="653">Alces americanus</emphasis>
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Clinton 1822
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<bibCitation id="C3A002D56A3D48E478F9492E5BC2AF27" author="Clinton" pageNumber="653" pagination="193" title="Alces americanus" volumeTitle="Letters on the natural history … of New York" year="1822">
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Letters on the natural history … of
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<collectingRegion id="FB92E402CCA7D9EB7450953A9FC13802" country="United States of America" name="New York">New York</collectingRegion>
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: 193
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</bibCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2FF67A4AA8979D14E532D8B54BF3CD8C" pageNumber="653" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="743FA55845FE44AA1474C652A82AFEC2" pageNumber="653">
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<emphasis id="122E829235C38083B6407A6C07F83C71" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="653">Type Locality:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="C3504AB55A0A77CEC0DEDDA6D1C69670" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4867329539" country="United States of America" pageNumber="653" stateProvince="New York">
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"Country north of Whitestown".
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<collectingCountry id="ACE088E9FBDF9C2460B176A0107126F4" name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="B10A624BA93741E6375634BD0E05DB91" country="United States of America" name="New York">New York</collectingRegion>
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, probably in the western Adirondack region.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CD91660CF2ECDF23828765C388F55A8D" pageNumber="653" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="B02B2AF56B54322A4E778F8F33A84D16" pageNumber="653">
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<emphasis id="C705DF2A0CED0A7EF319F02555AC2E7D" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="653">Vernacular Names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="72ED40BC2ED3FBD2DAC847066C413BA6" language="eng" pageNumber="653">Moose</vernacularName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="0D26CEE584DBA28AB4CAE1E2CCD0AFC9" pageNumber="653" type="child_taxa">
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||
<paragraph id="6D2E261E4FA23F41C87D320C46C58FF4" pageNumber="653">
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<emphasis id="0FC406264FB64F00A0ECAAE5EF17318A" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="653">Subspecies:</emphasis>
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:
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FE8103DE888A0D129337DFD60A38FE63" pageNumber="653">
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Subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="3CD7CB230D1E49EF65B4D50594BF1BE1" authority="Clinton 1822" authorityName="Clinton" authorityYear="1822" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Alces" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="653" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="americanus" subSpecies="americanus">
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<emphasis id="B5B4182A71F2864F886BF9A6DF182F5F" italics="true" pageNumber="653">Alces americanus</emphasis>
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subsp.
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<emphasis id="7F7516BC3863B83E4509F2D2AA8BCE92" italics="true" pageNumber="653">americanus</emphasis>
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Clinton 1822
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="97DD99BFE52BBA57AE3D2B5B3CB3C5AF" pageNumber="653">
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Subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="D0B968556D2D2AE3A28F658D0FCE0385" authority="Milne-Edwards 1867" authorityName="Milne-Edwards" authorityYear="1867" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Alces" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="653" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="americanus" subSpecies="cameloides">
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<emphasis id="761DFC8F16290557616A90BA8F1EDA97" italics="true" pageNumber="653">Alces americanus</emphasis>
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subsp.
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<emphasis id="5AC811B5B0D77B0AFFFBCAABF98CA5A5" italics="true" pageNumber="653">cameloides</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="024B635EAE12E4D98DD355EF6377845B" author="Milne-Edwards, A." refId="ref242802" refString="Milne-Edwards, A. 1867. Observations sur quelques mammiferes du nord de la Chine. Annales des sciences naturelles. Zoologie et biologie animale, 7 (5): 375 - 377." year="1867">Milne-Edwards 1867</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8B34DCD4C49C3C51732C3C6186C90CD4" pageNumber="653" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="3475911589297ACFB7729595A1291736" pageNumber="653">
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<emphasis id="D9D01592256B33C0D025AD74C2C47F6A" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="653">Distribution:</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="75B2EED5E083A8BE4A84CA61F2F25746" name="Russia">Russia</collectingCountry>
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(E Siberia), east of the Yenisei River east to Anadyr region (E Siberia) and south to N
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<collectingCountry id="0F81495A2094428C7BD705DB00855382" name="Mongolia">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
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and N
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<collectingCountry id="59121FD6FAFC7D2B3DF89964224C2E67" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
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(N of
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<collectingRegion id="BD46171812EABDE031EC9B5DFC713B5A" country="China" name="Nei Mongol">Inner Mongolia</collectingRegion>
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and Manchuria). N America in
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<collectingCountry id="4055683C42ED8FF538678C1715E62E42" name="Canada">Canada</collectingCountry>
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and N
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<collectingCountry id="74C3C60076EA0A3BB68C3FC6B918B63D" name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
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(including
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<collectingRegion id="84BD99CA0028EAE2CC0EC1E263B8F114" country="United States of America" name="Alaska">Alaska</collectingRegion>
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); introduced to
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<collectingCountry id="956FB83B7CA8BD54A05A381DD80C192F" name="New Zealand">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
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where now extinct.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C560D1551D3069CDFE003C567B933682" pageNumber="653" type="conservation">
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<paragraph id="04A8C79765956DCAF94E4900C69B653E" pageNumber="653">
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<emphasis id="FBACB0872A42777F117C4E1B3414C66D" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="653">Conservation:</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="A35A8EFEAA5B2D8A978BDC6294C61F35">IUCN</collectionCode>
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– Lower Risk (nt) as
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<taxonomicName id="BD0B00B0CA567FCA93A5CE190081A8D1" baseAuthorityName="Milne-Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1867" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Alces" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="alces" subSpecies="cameloides">
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<emphasis id="995155EAE779FD09D7F02C0E6CE1F693" italics="true" pageNumber="653">A. alces cameloides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="00253E4B1F6DCC800875B26719CDFE33" pageNumber="653" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="06DF9CAA9B7CE8E5B593EB6B4758ED4E" pageNumber="653">
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<emphasis id="4C1F8DC5DC2D908E5B8C5B9BF510D7F6" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="653">Discussion:</emphasis>
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Subspecies limits follow
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<bibRefCitation id="DB9AC20BF13D575CDAEC557642BDAE0C" author="Geist, V." refId="ref116300" refString="Geist, V. 1998. Deer of the world. Their evolution, behavior and ecology. Stackpole Books, Mechanicsburg, Pensylvania, 421 pp." year="1998">Geist (1998)</bibRefCitation>
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. Characters diagnosing species not fully confirmed for
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<emphasis id="B94BE76D1516A087610016269DBEE513" italics="true" pageNumber="653">cameloides</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="45C35590E1DAC09E567DD08BFD9E8806" authority="Clinton, 1822" authorityName="Clinton" authorityYear="1822" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Cervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="americanus">
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<emphasis id="38994196D40FBDA7B84FDEAA2BE169A7" italics="true" pageNumber="653">Cervus americanus</emphasis>
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Clinton, 1822
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</taxonomicName>
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is preoccupied by
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<taxonomicName id="72104A4C217466BD2F7B1EED123BEB3C" authority="Erxleben, 1777" authorityName="Erxleben" authorityYear="1777" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Cervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="americanus">
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<emphasis id="12926C033D484957C9418FBBFC413C39" italics="true" pageNumber="653">Cervus americanus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="6369C0CF3DA2A8B1FA60778C8E1109A5" author="Erxleben, J. C. P." refId="ref96470" refString="Erxleben, J. C. P. 1777. Systema regni animalis per classes, ordines, genera, species, varietates, cum synonymia et historia animalium. Classis I. Mammalia. Weygandianis, Lipsiae, 636 pp." year="1777">Erxleben, 1777</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(=
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<taxonomicName id="08E2D27BBCDC71AAD745919C428A6BE3" baseAuthorityName="Zimmermann" baseAuthorityYear="1780" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Odocoileus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="virginianus">
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<emphasis id="DFA836BD98352D34869CA5024698853D" italics="true" pageNumber="653">Odocoileus virginianus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), a name used in the literature that has not been declared to be unavailable. It is probably a
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<emphasis id="3AA94EBCC369F61B979F16FE8293528A" italics="true" pageNumber="653">nomen oblitum</emphasis>
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and the familiar name
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<taxonomicName id="55BDCA72EFB11E2FA6EBEB2E564F4330" authority="(Clinton, 1822)" baseAuthorityName="Clinton" baseAuthorityYear="1822" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Alces" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="americanus">
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<emphasis id="6925F37107BA8C4CC988ADAE25AD1D48" italics="true" pageNumber="653">Alces americanus</emphasis>
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(Clinton, 1822)
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</taxonomicName>
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continues to be used here.
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<taxonomicName id="31C02F1A8EF171CE72F4CDBA9AC1AA33" authority="Lesson, 1827" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1827" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Cervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coronatus">
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<emphasis id="FF227517AD66139E91AD8EB264A742E1" italics="true" pageNumber="653">Cervus coronatus</emphasis>
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Lesson, 1827
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</taxonomicName>
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(=
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<taxonomicName id="B6D66F22A3FD9BA889A947BB90B1F7ED" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1827" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Cervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coronatus">
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<emphasis id="1B98BEF1A7FF240944C312A679A12AD4" italics="true" pageNumber="653">C. coronatus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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É.
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<bibRefCitation id="3BD0C4CC0F20881B768C48A95CC46A93" author="Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, E." refId="ref118357" refString="Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, E. 1803. Catalogue des mammiferes du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle. Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 272 pp." year="1803">Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1803</bibRefCitation>
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), based on a single rack, is usually cited as a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8DEE7D392245C30BAE868650F24E1FC4" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Alces" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alces">
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<emphasis id="3BA5ABEBA85C97F1CC55DCCF4E0D7492" italics="true" pageNumber="653">Alces alces</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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but is reputedly from America. It is much too small to be a Moose (C. H.
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<bibRefCitation id="D117997878D6FB9B6E35CCFD45BC1C35" author="Smith, C. H." refId="ref330696" refString="Smith, C. H. 1827. The seventh order of the Mammalia. The Ruminantia. Pp. 1 - 428, in The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization, by the Baron Cuvier, member of the Institute of France, & c. & c. & c. with additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed (E. Griffith, C. H. [amilton] Smith, and E. Pidgeon, eds.). G. B. Whitaker, London, 4: 1 - 498." year="1827">Smith, 1827</bibRefCitation>
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), and is possibly an aberrant
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<taxonomicName id="8AD4661AB3A322683299351089F5D025" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Rangifer" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tarandus">
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<emphasis id="CA71873EE5D8A2F50F90C7524E0E119C" italics="true" pageNumber="653">Rangifer tarandus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, according to
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<bibRefCitation id="C70E603438EC7B5C5CDB407979B93F95" author="Blyth, E." refId="ref34065" refString="Blyth, E. 1860. On the flat-horned taurine cattle of S. E. Asia with a note on the races of rein deer, and a note on domestic animals in general. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 29: 282 - 306, 376 - 392." year="1860">Blyth (1860)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
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</treatment>
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||
</document> |