181 lines
16 KiB
XML
181 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.485.9124" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d468e240-9b99-4883-9773-ce197c80d795" ID-PMC="PMC4361813" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-485-1" ID-PubMed="25829847" ID-ZBK="F18CFD3D10294E8AA2E8CEF1AFDBAC8F" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-485-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 485" ModsDocTitle="Integrative taxonomy of New World Euplectrus Westwood (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae), with focus on 55 new species from Area de Conservación Guanacaste, northwestern Costa Rica" checkinTime="1451244611570" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hansson, Christer, Smith, M. Alex, Janzen, Daniel H. & Hallwachs, Winnie" docDate="2015" docId="55B65E3CFC7DA448A7DC09B4A821E268" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 485: 1-236" docOrigin="ZooKeys 485" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.485.9124" docTitle="Euplectrus ronniei Schauff" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="95" masterDocId="FF88FF8BFFD1FFF508211F3E69571922" masterDocTitle="Integrative taxonomy of New World Euplectrus Westwood (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae), with focus on 55 new species from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, northwestern Costa Rica" masterLastPageNumber="236" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="95" updateTime="1668160088334" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Integrative taxonomy of New World Euplectrus Westwood (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae), with focus on 55 new species from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, northwestern Costa Rica</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hansson, Christer</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Smith, M. Alex</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Janzen, Daniel H.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hallwachs, Winnie</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>485</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>236</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.485.9124</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.485.9124</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-485-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">F18CFD3D10294E8AA2E8CEF1AFDBAC8F</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">F18CFD3D10294E8AA2E8CEF1AFDBAC8F</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152058461" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:55B65E3CFC7DA448A7DC09B4A821E268" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/55B65E3CFC7DA448A7DC09B4A821E268" lastPageId="95" lastPageNumber="95" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<subSubSection pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Eulophidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<taxonomicName authority="Schauff" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Euplectrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euplectrus ronniei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ronniei">Euplectrus ronniei Schauff</taxonomicName>
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Figures 651-655
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Euplectrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euplectrus ronniei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ronniei">Euplectrus ronniei</taxonomicName>
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Schauff, in Schauff & Janzen, 2001: 219-220. Holotype ♀ (INBio), not examined.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="material">
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<paragraph pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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Type material: 1♀ paratype of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Euplectrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euplectrus ronniei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ronniei">Euplectrus ronniei</taxonomicName>
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(USNM). Additional material: 1♀ 1♂ with same label data as female paratype (USNM), but not included in the original description.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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Lower face medially white with median ⅓ pale yellowish-brown, extending to half-way between level of outer lateral margins of toruli and eyes (Fig. 652); legs yellowish-white with hind coxae pale yellowish-brown (Fig. 651); petiole 0.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide; gaster with anterior
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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yellowish-white (female, Fig. 653) or white (male, Fig. 654) with dark brown anterior and lateral margins, posterior
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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dark brown. Very similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Euplectrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euplectrus chrisgrinteri" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrisgrinteri">Euplectrus chrisgrinteri</taxonomicName>
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the only differences are that
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Euplectrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euplectrus ronniei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ronniei">Euplectrus ronniei</taxonomicName>
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has shorter petiole (both sexes) and different host preferences, possibly also in the characters of male scape - but the appearance of the male scape in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Euplectrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euplectrus ronniei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ronniei">Euplectrus ronniei</taxonomicName>
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is not known (head is missing in single known male specimen).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Female. Length of body 2.2 mm. Antenna (missing in non-type specimen) with scape white with apex and pedicel yellowish-brown, flagellum yellowish-brown with ventral parts pale yellowish-brown (Fig. 655). Mandibles and palpi white. Head black and shiny, lower face medially white with median ⅓ pale yellowish-brown, extending to half-way between level of outer lateral margins of toruli and eye, parts between pale area and eyes black (Fig. 652). Frons close to eyes with two rows of setae. Vertex smooth. Occipital margin rounded.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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Mesosoma black and shiny (Fig. 651). Each sidelobe of mesoscutum with 12 setae. Scutellum 0.9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide; with weak engraved reticulation, posterior margin smooth. Dorsellum along anterior margin with a groove that is divided by longitudinal carinae. Propodeum with very weak reticulation; anteromedially with a triangular cup that has posterior part strongly raised; propodeal callus with seven setae. Legs yellowish-white with hind coxa pale yellowish-brown (Fig. 651). Fore wing: costal cell on ventral surface predominantly with one row of setae, two rows at base, and margin with three setae close to marginal vein; with 15 admarginal setae, in one row.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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Gaster with anterior
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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yellowish-white with dark brown anterior and lateral margins, posterior
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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dark brown (Fig. 653).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Ratios. HE/MS/WM = 2.0/1.0/1.1; POL/OOL/POO = 6.0/2.7/1.0; OOL/DO = 1.2; WE/WF/WH/HH = 1.0/2.8/5.1/3.7; WH/WT = 1.0; PM/ST = 1.3; TS1/TS2/LT/LT1/LT2/LT3/LT4 = 4.4/2.7/7.1/2.4/1.6/1.0/1.9; LP/WP = 0.7; MM/LG = 1.1.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Male. Length of body without head 1.5 mm. Similar to female except shorter gaster with pale area white (Fig. 654). The head is missing in single available male specimen.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Ratios. MM/LG = 1.2.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="hosts and biology">
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<paragraph pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Hosts and biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Cautethia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cautethia spuria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spuria">Cautethia spuria</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName family="Sphingidae" lsidName="" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" rank="family">Sphingidae</taxonomicName>
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) feeding on
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Exostema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Exostema mexicanum" order="Gentianales" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mexicanum">Exostema mexicanum</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName family="Rubiaceae" lsidName="Euplectrus" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" rank="family">Rubiaceae</taxonomicName>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation author="Schauff, ME" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Hymenoptera Research" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="181 - 230" title="Taxonomy and ecology of Costa Rican Euplectrus (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), parasitoids of caterpillars." volume="10" year="2001">Schauff and Janzen 2001</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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Costa Rica (Guanacaste Province) (
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<bibRefCitation author="Schauff, ME" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Hymenoptera Research" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="181 - 230" title="Taxonomy and ecology of Costa Rican Euplectrus (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), parasitoids of caterpillars." volume="10" year="2001">Schauff and Janzen 2001</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="95" lastPageNumber="96" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="95" lastPageNumber="96" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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The type series of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Euplectrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euplectrus ronniei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ronniei">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="95" pageNumber="96" start="start">Euplectrus</pageBreakToken>
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ronniei
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</taxonomicName>
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contains two females, one the holotype, from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Cautethia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cautethia spuria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spuria">Cautethia spuria</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName family="Sphingidae" lsidName="" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" rank="family">Sphingidae</taxonomicName>
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), and three males reared from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Oxidercia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oxidercia toxea" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="toxea">Oxidercia toxea</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName family="Noctuidae" lsidName="" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" rank="family">Noctuidae</taxonomicName>
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). The specimens from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Cautethia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cautethia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cautethia</taxonomicName>
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, among them the holotype, belong to a different species than the specimens from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Oxidercia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oxidercia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oxidercia</taxonomicName>
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. As the holotype of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Euplectrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euplectrus ronniei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ronniei">Euplectrus ronniei</taxonomicName>
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is from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Cautethia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cautethia spuria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spuria">Cautethia spuria</taxonomicName>
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, being the name-bearing type, these two females are
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Euplectrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euplectrus ronniei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ronniei">Euplectrus ronniei</taxonomicName>
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. The male specimens from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Oxidercia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oxidercia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oxidercia</taxonomicName>
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belong to a different species, possibly
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Euplectrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euplectrus garygibsoni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="garygibsoni">Euplectrus garygibsoni</taxonomicName>
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, which has the same host, but some morphological features do not agree between the females of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Euplectrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euplectrus garygibsoni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="garygibsoni">Euplectrus garygibsoni</taxonomicName>
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and the males that formerly were
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Euplectrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euplectrus ronniei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ronniei">Euplectrus ronniei</taxonomicName>
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. There are no barcode for the specimens from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Oxidercia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oxidercia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oxidercia</taxonomicName>
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. The identity of the males from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Oxidercia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oxidercia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oxidercia</taxonomicName>
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remains unsolved until further information becomes available.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |