treatments-xml/data/55/93/5A/55935A6683D2E311D851A97EC90E8E45.xml

<document ENCODING="UTF8" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.22.4041" ID-PMC="PMC3689140" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-22-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFC8FFF7FF8EFFFE9F6EFFEEFFFF3860" ID-PubMed="23794937" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576167" ModsDocID="1314-2003-22-1" checkinTime="1451251931319" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Knapp, Sandra" docDate="2013" docId="55935A6683D2E311D851A97EC90E8E45" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 22: 1-428" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 22" docPubDate="2013-05-10" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.22.4041" docTitle="Solanum seaforthianum Andrews 1808" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" id="FFC8FFF7FF8EFFFE9F6EFFEEFFFF3860" lastPageNumber="240" masterDocId="FFC8FFF7FF8EFFFE9F6EFFEEFFFF3860" masterDocTitle="A revision of the Dulcamaroid Clade of Solanum L. (Solanaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="432" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="226" updateTime="1668140799926" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A revision of the Dulcamaroid Clade of Solanum L. (Solanaceae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Knapp, Sandra</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">s.knapp@nhm.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2013-05-10</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>22</mods:number>
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>432</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.22.4041</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.22.4041</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-22-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152024597" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:55935A6683D2E311D851A97EC90E8E45" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/55935A6683D2E311D851A97EC90E8E45" lastPageId="239" lastPageNumber="240" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<subSubSection pageId="225" pageNumber="226" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
35. 
<taxonomicName LSID="55935A66-83D2-E311-D851-A97EC90E8E45" authority="Andrews" authorityName="Andrews" authorityYear="1808" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum seaforthianum" order="Solanales" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="seaforthianum">Solanum seaforthianum Andrews</taxonomicName>
, 
<bibCitation>Bot. Repos. tab. 504. 1808</bibCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 86" captionStartId="F86" captionText="Figure 86. Solanum seaforthianum Andrews. (A drawn from Baker 10374 B H drawn from Thompson 947 C drawn from Hatschbach 60388 D drawn from Renderos 517; E-g drawn from McVaugh 20220). Illustration by Bobbi Angell." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10343" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Figure 86</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="225" pageNumber="226" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dunal" authorityYear="1816" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cyrrhosum">Solanum cyrrhosum</taxonomicName>
Dunal, Solan. Syn. 9. 1816. Type: Venezuela. Sucre: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cumaná">Cumana</normalizedToken>
, 1799-1800, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">A. Humboldt &amp; A. Bonpland</emphasis>
s.n. (lectotype, designated here: P-Bonpl. [P00136348, Morton neg. 8159]; isolectotype: P-Bonpl. [P00136349, Morton neg. 8160]).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="salignum">Solanum salignum</taxonomicName>
Willd., Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roem. &amp; Schultes], 4: 663. 1819. Type: &quot;In America meridion.&quot;, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">A. Humboldt &amp; A. Bonpland</emphasis>
s.n. (holotype: B-W [B-W-4335, F neg. 2894, IDC microfiche 271-315.298:III.3]).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Willd. ex Roem &amp; Schult" authorityYear="1819" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="prunifolium">Solanum prunifolium</taxonomicName>
Roem. &amp; Schult., Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roem. &amp; Schultes], 4: 662. 1819. Type: Venezuela. Distrito Federal: Caracas, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">F. Bredemeyer</emphasis>
s.n. (holotype: B-W 4321 [IDC microfiche 271-315.297:II.8]; isotype: W).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1845" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="venustum">Solanum venustum</taxonomicName>
Kunth, Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1845: 10. 1845. Type: Germany: Cultivated in Berlin, from tropical America (probably destroyed at B, no specimens found).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dunal" authorityYear="1852" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenuifolium">Solanum tenuifolium</taxonomicName>
Dunal, Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 13(1): 87. 1852. Type: Venezuela. Distrito Federal: Caracas, 1830, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Vargas 246</emphasis>
(lectotype, designated here: G-DC [G00144960, F neg. 6741, IDC microfiche 800-61.2068:II.2]).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ridl" authorityYear="1890" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="botryophorum">Solanum botryophorum</taxonomicName>
<bibCitation author="Ridl." journal="J. Linn. Soc." page="50" score="53.420743301353696" volume="27" year="1890">
Ridl., 
<bibCitation journal="J. Linn. Soc." page="50" score="53.420743301353696" volume="27" year="1890">J. Linn. Soc. 27: 50. 1890</bibCitation>
</bibCitation>
. Type: Brazil. Pernambuco: Ins. Fernando Noronha, Sapate and east hills, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">H.N. Ridley, T.S. Lea &amp; G.A. Ramage s.n. [68]</emphasis>
(lectotype, designated here: BM [BM000887992]; isolectotypes: BM [BM000815913], K [K000590078, K000590079]).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="seaforthianum">Solanum seaforthianum</taxonomicName>
Andrews var. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">disjunctum</emphasis>
O.E.Schulz, in Urb., Symb. Antill. 6: 169. 1909. Type: Cuba. Santa Clara: Distr. Cienfuegos, Cieneguita, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">R. Combs 35</emphasis>
(lectotype, designated here: GH [GH00077562]; isolectotypes: K [K000196456], MO [MO-2089893], F [F-357862]).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bonati" authorityYear="1914" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kerrii">Solanum kerrii</taxonomicName>
<bibCitation author="Bonati" journal="Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve" page="309" score="109.14857222995556" volume="5" year="1914">
Bonati, 
<bibCitation journal="Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve" page="309" score="109.14857222995556" volume="5" year="1914">
Bull. Soc. Bot. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Genève">Geneve</normalizedToken>
, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="sér">ser</normalizedToken>
. 2, 5: 309. 1914
</bibCitation>
</bibCitation>
. Type: Thailand. Sirincha, 22 Sep 1911, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">A. Kerr</emphasis>
s.n. [2092] (holotype: P [P00055352]; probable isotype: BM [BM000886112, as 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Kerr 2092</emphasis>
]).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="225" pageNumber="226" type="type">
<paragraph pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
England. Cultivated from seeds from the West Indies, no specimens known (lectotype, designated by 
<bibRefCitation author="Symon, DE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens" pageId="324" pageNumber="325" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B153" refString="Symon, DE, 1981. A revision of the genus Solanum in Australia. Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens 4: 1 - 367" title="A revision of the genus Solanum in Australia." volume="4" year="1981">Symon 1981</bibRefCitation>
, pg. 67: Andrews, Bot. Repos. tab. 504. 1808).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="227" lastPageNumber="228" pageId="226" pageNumber="227" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="226" pageNumber="227">
<pageBreakToken pageId="226" pageNumber="227" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="227" lastPageNumber="228" pageId="226" pageNumber="227">
Woody vines, twining by the petioles. Stems terete, glabrous or sparsely pubescent with white simple uniseriate trichomes ca. 0.2 mm long; new growth glabrous or with a few simple uniseriate trichomes on the stems, often dry 
<pageBreakToken pageId="227" pageNumber="228" start="start">ing</pageBreakToken>
black. Bark of older stems brown to reddish brown. Sympodial units plurifoliate. Leaves simple or more often pinnatifid to deeply pinnatifid with up to 4 pairs of leaflets, (2-)3.5-10(-13) cm long, (1-)2-9(-11) cm wide, elliptic to broadly triangular in outline, widest in the basal third, membranous, the upper surfaces glabrous or with tiny simple uniseriate trichomes on the veins and margins, these sometimes extending to the lamina near the base, the lower surfaces glabrous; primary veins 4-6 pairs, in lobed leaves corresponding to the number of lobes, often drying yellowish brown; base acute, truncate or slightly cordate, occasionally oblique and asymmetric; margins less commonly entire, usually 3-7 lobed, the lobes to 5 cm long, 2 cm wide, smaller basiscopically; apex acute to acuminate; petioles 1-4 cm long, adaxially pubescent in a tiny groove with tiny simple trichomes like those of the upper leaf surfaces, twining. Inflorescences terminal, later lateral, to 25 cm long or more, with many open, divaricate branches, with up to 100 or more flowers, glabrous; peduncle to 6 cm long; pedicels 0.8-1.4 cm long, ca. 0.5 mm in diameter at the base, ca. 1 mm in diameter at the apex, glabrous, articulated at the base from a small sleeve, leaving a small peg on the inflorescence axis; pedicel scars irregularly spaced 2-6 mm apart, closer together near the tips of the inflorescence branches. Buds globose, slightly inflated, the corolla strongly exserted from the calyx tube long before anthesis. Buds globose, slightly inflated, the corolla strongly exserted from the calyx tube long before anthesis. Flowers all perfect, 5-merous. Calyx tube ca. 0.5 mm long, flattened and open, the lobes &lt;0.2 mm long, mere apiculae from the entire rim, glabrous with tufts of tiny simple trichomes to 0.2 mm on the apiculae. Corolla 1.1-2.5 cm in diameter, violet or pale violet, stellate, lobed 1/2 to 2/3 of the way to the base, the lobes 5-9 mm long, 3-4.5 mm wide, spreading or slightly cupped at anthesis, densely and minutely pubescent on the tips and margins, the trichomes simple, uniseriate, tangled, otherwise glabrous. Filament tube minute, the free portion of the filaments markedly unequal, the longest filament 2-3 mm long, elongating as anthesis progresses, the other four 1-1.5 mm long, quite variable in length, occasionally with two filaments longer, all glabrous; anthers 2-3 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide, occasionally one anther slightly larger, ellipsoid, loosely connivent, yellow, poricidal at the tips, the pores not markedly lengthening to slits with age. Ovary glabrous; style 7-10 mm long, strongly curved away from the anther on the long filament, glabrous, sometimes violet; stigma capitate, the surface minutely papillose. Fruit a globose berry, 0.8-1.4 cm in diameter, bright shiny red when ripe, glabrous, the pericarp thin; fruiting pedicels 0.8-1.4 cm long, ca. 1 mm in diameter at base and apex, pendent from weight of berries, not markedly woody. Seeds 4-20 per berry, 4-4.5 mm long, 2.5-3 mm wide, flattened-reniform, pale yellowish tan, the surfaces minutely pitted, the testal cells pentagonal, the lateral cell walls elongate to 0.5 mm long, leaving a wing of ca. 0.5 mm around the seed and the seed appearing pubescent. Chromosome number: n=12 (
<bibRefCitation author="Sarkar, AK" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="323" pageNumber="324" pagination="360 - 361" refId="B138" refString="Sarkar, AK, Datta, N, Chatterjee, U, 1980. Chromosome number reports LXVII. Taxon 29: 360 - 361" title="Chromosome number reports LXVII." volume="29" year="1980">Sarkar et al. 1980</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10343" pageId="227" pageNumber="228" start="Figure 86" startId="F86">
<paragraph pageId="227" pageNumber="228">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">Figure 86.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="227" pageNumber="228" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="seaforthianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">Solanum seaforthianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Andrews. (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">A</emphasis>
drawn from 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">Baker 10374</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">B</emphasis>
H drawn from 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">Thompson 947</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">C</emphasis>
drawn from 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">Hatschbach 60388</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">D</emphasis>
drawn from 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">Renderos 517</emphasis>
; E-g drawn from 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">McVaugh 20220</emphasis>
). Illustration by Bobbi Angell.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="227" pageNumber="228" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="227" pageNumber="228">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="227" pageNumber="228">
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 87" captionStartId="F87" captionText="Figure 87. Distribution of Solanum seaforthianum Andrews." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10344" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">Figure 87</figureCitation>
). Probably native to the islands of the West Indies and coastal northern South America in Colombia and Venezuela, perhaps also on the Caribbean slope of Central America and Mexico; widely cultivated in the tropics and subtropics (often escaped and apparently naturalised).
</paragraph>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10344" pageId="227" pageNumber="228" start="Figure 87" startId="F87">
<paragraph pageId="227" pageNumber="228">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">Figure 87.</emphasis>
Distribution of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="227" pageNumber="228" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="seaforthianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">Solanum seaforthianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Andrews.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="228" pageNumber="229" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="228" pageNumber="229">
<pageBreakToken pageId="228" pageNumber="229" start="start">Ecology</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="228" pageNumber="229">Dry forests and thorn scrub in its native range; cultivated in the tropics and subtropics in a wide variety of habitats.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="228" pageNumber="229" type="common names">
<paragraph pageId="228" pageNumber="229">Common names:</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="228" pageNumber="229">
Haiti: lilas (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="228" pageNumber="229">Ekman H-403</emphasis>
); Colombia: doncenon (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="228" pageNumber="229">Dugand 280</emphasis>
). Venezuela: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="alegría">alegria</normalizedToken>
de viajero (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="228" pageNumber="229">Steyermark 62349</emphasis>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="228" pageNumber="229" type="conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="228" pageNumber="229">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="228" pageNumber="229">
Least Concern (LC); EOO&gt;100,000 km2 (LC) and AOO&gt;10,000 km2 (LC). See 
<bibRefCitation author="Moat, J" journalOrPublisher="Pesquisas, Botanica" pageId="322" pageNumber="323" refId="B116" refString="Moat, J, 2007. Conservation assessment tools extension for ArcView 3.x, version 1.2. GIS Unit, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at http://www.rbgkew.org.uk/cats." title="Conservation assessment tools extension for ArcView 3. x, version 1.2. GIS Unit, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at http: // www. rbgkew. org. uk / cats" year="2007">Moat (2007)</bibRefCitation>
for explanation of measurements.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="229" lastPageNumber="230" pageId="228" pageNumber="229" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="228" pageNumber="229">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="228" pageNumber="229">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="228" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="seaforthianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="228" pageNumber="229">Solanum seaforthianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to the Mexican and Central American 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="228" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dulcamaroides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="228" pageNumber="229">Solanum dulcamaroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with which it shares large inflorescences, globose, slightly inflated buds, and flowers with fleshy, keeled lobes. 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="228" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="seaforthianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="228" pageNumber="229">Solanum seaforthianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is easily distinguished from that species in its mostly pinnate leaves (rather than mostly simple on flowering stems) that are almost completely glabrous, and its unequal filaments. The anthers of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="228" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dulcamaroides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="228" pageNumber="229">Solanum dulcamaroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are unusual in that they have a thick, papillate abaxial surface, not present in 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="228" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="seaforthianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="228" pageNumber="229">Solanum seaforthianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Unequal filaments are also found in the somewhat similar species 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="228" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flaccidum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="228" pageNumber="229">Solanum flaccidum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of southern Brazil and the widespread but morphologically quite distinct 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="228" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uncinellum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="228" pageNumber="229">Solanum uncinellum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="228" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="seaforthianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="228" pageNumber="229">Solanum seaforthianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be easily distinguished from 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="228" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uncinellum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="228" pageNumber="229">Solanum uncinellum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its glabrous pinnate leaves, ellipsoid (rather than elongate and pointed) buds, ellipsoid rather than tapering anthers, and its broader corolla lobes. It differs from 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="228" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flaccidum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="228" pageNumber="229">Solanum flaccidum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in its bright red (rather than purple) berries and the glabrous, mostly pinnate or pinnatifid leaves. The native distributions of these taxa do not overlap, but as 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="228" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="seaforthianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="228" pageNumber="229">Solanum seaforthianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is often cultivated, it can be found in a variety of regions, both cultivated and naturalised.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="229" lastPageNumber="230" pageId="228" pageNumber="229">
The leaves of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="228" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="seaforthianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="228" pageNumber="229">Solanum seaforthianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are most usually pinnate or pinnatifid and only rarely simple, the reverse of the case in many other species of the Dulcamaroid clade, except 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="228" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustifidum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="228" pageNumber="229">Solanum angustifidum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="228" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="seaforthianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="228" pageNumber="229">Solanum seaforthianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="228" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustifidum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="228" pageNumber="229">Solanum angustifidum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having broad, rather than narrow, leaf lobes and glabrous filaments. In other taxa juvenile 
<pageBreakToken pageId="229" pageNumber="230" start="start">leaves</pageBreakToken>
are pinnate (see 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="229" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dulcamaroides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Solanum dulcamaroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), so it may be that the pinnate leaves of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="229" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="seaforthianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Solanum seaforthianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that persist on mature stems are neotenic in nature. The mechanism by which leaf shape is regulated in this group, however, has not been investigated.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="229" pageNumber="230">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="229" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="seaforthianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Solanum seaforthianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is widely cultivated in tropical areas for its showy flowers in large inflorescences, as is 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="229" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laxum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Solanum laxum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from southern South America. The two taxa are easily distinguished by leaf shape (pinnate versus simple), pubescence (glabrous versus pubescent with tufts of trichomes in the vein axils) and berry color (red versus purple). The corollas of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="229" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="seaforthianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Solanum seaforthianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are more deeply divided than those of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="229" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laxum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Solanum laxum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and are usually purple rather than white in cultivation. 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="229" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="seaforthianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Solanum seaforthianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to have escaped from cultivation in both Australia and South Africa, but the extent of its spread is not clear at present.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="229" pageNumber="230">
No original material traceable to the protologue of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="229" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="seaforthianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Solanum seaforthianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
exists; 
<bibRefCitation author="Symon, DE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens" pageId="324" pageNumber="325" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B153" refString="Symon, DE, 1981. A revision of the genus Solanum in Australia. Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens 4: 1 - 367" title="A revision of the genus Solanum in Australia." volume="4" year="1981">Symon (1981)</bibRefCitation>
used the original plate (see 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 88" captionStartId="F88" captionText="Figure 88. Lectotype of Solanum seaforthianum Andrews (Andrews 1808: tab. 504) Reproduced with permission of the Natural History Museum Botany Library." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10345" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Figure 88</figureCitation>
) as the lectotype.
</paragraph>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10345" pageId="229" pageNumber="230" start="Figure 88" startId="F88">
<paragraph pageId="229" pageNumber="230">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Figure 88.</emphasis>
Lectotype of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="229" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="seaforthianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Solanum seaforthianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Andrews (
<bibRefCitation author="Andrews, HC" journalOrPublisher="Evolution" pageId="317" pageNumber="318" refId="B3" refString="Andrews, HC, 1808. Solanum seaforthianum. Botanist's Repository 1808: tab. 105." title="Solanum seaforthianum. Botanist's Repository 1808: tab. 105." year="1808">Andrews 1808</bibRefCitation>
: tab. 504) Reproduced with permission of the Natural History Museum Botany Library.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="229" pageNumber="230">
Both 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dunal" authorityYear="1816" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="229" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cyrrhosum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Solanum cyrrhosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="229" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="salignum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Solanum salignum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were based on collections made by Alexander von Humboldt and 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Aimé">Aime</normalizedToken>
Bonpland in northern Venezuela. It is likely that these are based on the same gathering (see 
<bibRefCitation author="Lack, HW" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="321" pageNumber="322" pagination="501 - 510" publicationUrl="10.2307/4135629" refId="B88" refString="Lack, HW, 2004. The botanical field notes prepared by Humboldt and Bonpland in tropical America. Taxon 53: 501 - 510, 10.2307/4135629" title="The botanical field notes prepared by Humboldt and Bonpland in tropical America." url="10.2307/4135629" volume="53" year="2004">Lack 2004</bibRefCitation>
; Knapp 2007) but in the absence of direct evidence I have considered them to be heterotypic; the sheets in P and B-W differ in leaf morphology and may not be from the same plants. I have lectotypified 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dunal" authorityYear="1816" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="229" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cyrrhosum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Solanum cyrrhosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with the more completely labelled of two sheets in P-Bonpl. (P000136348). The spelling of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dunal" authorityYear="1816" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="229" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cyrrhosum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Solanum cyrrhosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g., Nee 1999) has sometimes been un-necessarily corrected to 
<normalizedToken originalValue="“cirrhosum”">&quot;cirrhosum&quot;</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="229" pageNumber="230">
Of the many syntypes of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dunal" authorityYear="1852" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="229" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenuifolium">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Solanum tenuifolium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the sheet in G-DC of 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Vargas 246</emphasis>
, collected in 1830, has a label in 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Dunal’s">Dunal's</normalizedToken>
hand saying &quot;Solanum tenuifolium nob.&quot;, making it the logical choice for a lectotype.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="229" pageNumber="230">
Five syntypes were cited in the protologue of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="229" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="seaforthianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Solanum seaforthianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
var. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">disjunctum</emphasis>
, two from Cuba (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Combs 35</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">van Hermann 5080</emphasis>
), two from Haiti (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Buch 80</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Buch 467</emphasis>
) and one from St. Jan (US Virgin Islands, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Raunkiaer 3127</emphasis>
), all housed in B, all now destroyed; I have found multiple duplicates of only one of these (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Combs 35</emphasis>
from Cuba) and the sheet at GH (GH00077562) is here selected as the lectotype.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="229" pageNumber="230">
The holotype of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bonati" authorityYear="1914" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="229" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kerrii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Solanum kerrii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in P bears no locality information, but of three duplicates in BM (the first set of 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kerr’s">Kerr's</normalizedToken>
collections) only one, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Kerr 2092</emphasis>
collected in 1911, is possible type material; the other two sheets were collected in December 1914 (in Chiang Mai) and 1921 (without locality), too late to have been used by Bonati in 1914.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="236" lastPageNumber="237" pageId="229" pageNumber="230" type="specimens examined [countries of putative native range]">
<paragraph pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Specimens examined [countries of putative native range].</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="229" pageNumber="230">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Belize</emphasis>
. Bot. Centre, Sep 1894, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Moloney 115</emphasis>
(K);
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="229" pageNumber="230">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Bermuda</emphasis>
. Fort Hamilton, Pembroke, 29 May 1970, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Manuel 1151</emphasis>
(A);
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="230" lastPageNumber="231" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Brazil</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ceará">Ceara</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ceará">Ceara</normalizedToken>
, Brejo Grande, western side of Serra de Araripe, Jul 1839, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Gardner 2427</emphasis>
(BM, K); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Goias</emphasis>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Aragarças">Aragarcas</normalizedToken>
, ca. 3 km N of Barra do 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Garças">Garcas</normalizedToken>
, 1 Mar 1968, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Philcox &amp; Fereira 4468</emphasis>
(K); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Minas Gerais</emphasis>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Três">Tres</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Corações">Coracoes</normalizedToken>
, Rod. 3 Corocoes-S. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tomé">Tome</normalizedToken>
das Letras, 4 Feb 1973, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Hatschbach &amp; Ahumada 31248</emphasis>
(F); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Curitiba, Passeio 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Público">Publico</normalizedToken>
, 29 Apr 1969, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Hatschbach 21450</emphasis>
(F); Curitiba, 1 Jun 1974, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Hatschbach 34464</emphasis>
(BH); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Pernambuco:</emphasis>
Fernando do Noronha, from East Hills, 22 Sep 1887, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Ridley et al. 69</emphasis>
(BM); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Rio Grande do Sul</emphasis>
: Porto Alegre, 1955, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">Rambo 57199</emphasis>
(B); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="229" pageNumber="230">
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Paulo
</emphasis>
: 
<pageBreakToken pageId="230" pageNumber="231" start="start">Horto</pageBreakToken>
Faculdade 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Farmácia">Farmacia</normalizedToken>
, 27 Sep 1933, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="230" pageNumber="231">Kuhlmann SP-10694</emphasis>
(F); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="230" pageNumber="231">Tocantins</emphasis>
: Aurora de Tocantins, Lavadeira, rodovia a Campos Belos a Taguatinga, 11 Feb 1994, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="230" pageNumber="231">Hatschbach et al. 60388</emphasis>
(G).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="231" pageNumber="232">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">
<pageBreakToken pageId="231" pageNumber="232" start="start">British</pageBreakToken>
Virgin Islands
</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">St. Croix</emphasis>
: Mt. Stewart, 19 Jan 1961, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Howard 15285</emphasis>
(A); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">St. Kitts</emphasis>
: sin. loc, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Walsh</emphasis>
s.n. (K); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">St. Lucia</emphasis>
: Vigie, Castries, 4 Jun 1986, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Pierre 334</emphasis>
(A); Choisuel, 250 m, 26 Feb 1986, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Slane 827</emphasis>
(A); Morne, 243 m, May 1968, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Sturrock A-39</emphasis>
(A).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="231" pageNumber="232">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Colombia</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Antioquia</emphasis>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Medellín">Medellin</normalizedToken>
, 1500 m, 30 Jun 1930, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Archer 373</emphasis>
(US); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Medellín">Medellin</normalizedToken>
, Aug 1943, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Brother Daniel 2956</emphasis>
(US); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Medellín">Medellin</normalizedToken>
, alrededores, 570 m, 25 Oct 1947, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gutiérrez">Gutierrez</normalizedToken>
V. et al. 1457
</emphasis>
(US); Am Rio Medellin, 1500 m, Sep 1884, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Lehmann 231</emphasis>
(BM); Antioquia, 2.5 km NW on road to Turbo, bewteen km 79 and 80, 700 m, 4 Jul 1971, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Nee &amp;Mori 4283</emphasis>
(US); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Atlantico</emphasis>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Usiacurí">Usiacuri</normalizedToken>
, vicinity of Baranquilla, 250 m, Jul 1927, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Brother Elias 243</emphasis>
(US); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bolívar">Bolivar</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Hacienda de Coloncito, near Turbaco, 200 m, 9 Nov 1926, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Killip &amp; Smith 14344</emphasis>
(US); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Caldas</emphasis>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Chinchiná">Chinchina</normalizedToken>
, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Café">Cafe</normalizedToken>
, 1360 m, 27 Sep 1948, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Hawkes 408</emphasis>
(US); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Cauca</emphasis>
: Dagua valley, 800 m, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Lehmann 4711</emphasis>
(F, US); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Cundinamarca</emphasis>
: Guaduas, alrededores y orillas del 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
San Francisco, 1000 m, 5 Nov 1945, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">
<normalizedToken originalValue="García-Barriga">Garcia-Barriga</normalizedToken>
11753
</emphasis>
(US); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bogotá">Bogota</normalizedToken>
, La Mesa, 1200 m, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Triana</emphasis>
s.n. (US); Prov. de Tequendama desde Laclusa hasta Anapoima, 700 m, 1854, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Triana 3855 /48</emphasis>
(BM); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Huila</emphasis>
: Altamira, 1920, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Brother Ariste-Joseph A 733</emphasis>
(US); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Magdalena</emphasis>
: Manuare, 700 m, 29 Apr 1944, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Haught 4128</emphasis>
(US); Parque Nacional Tayrona, trail to Pueblito, 150 m, 24 Oct 1972, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Kirkbride 2519</emphasis>
(US); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Meta</emphasis>
: Villavicencio, Martson Bates garden, 16 May 1944, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Fosberg 21924</emphasis>
(US); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Norte de Santander</emphasis>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ocaña">Ocana</normalizedToken>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Engel</emphasis>
s.n. (LE); between Pamplonita and Chinacota, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Pamplonita valley, 1300 m, 17 Mar 1927, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Killip &amp; Smith 20747</emphasis>
(US); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Valle del Cauca</emphasis>
: Lobo Guerrero, Cordillera Occidental, vertiente occidental, 610 m, 9 Sep 1944, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Cuatrecasas 17780</emphasis>
(F); hoya del 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
de la Vieja, entre Piedra de Moler y Alto del Dinde (entre Cartago y 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Alcalá">Alcala</normalizedToken>
), 1170 m, 17 Nov 1946, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Cuatrecasas 22986</emphasis>
(F, US); Barranquilla, 13 Dec 1932, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Dugand 280</emphasis>
(F); Palmira, 27 Jun 1982, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Murphy &amp; Parra 610</emphasis>
(US).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="231" pageNumber="232">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Costa Rica</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Alajuela</emphasis>
: Cuesta Colorada, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Itiquis, Finca Las Lluvias, 840 m, 19 Nov 1988, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Grayum et al. 9110</emphasis>
(MEXU); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cantón">Canton</normalizedToken>
de Alajuela, Valle Central; El Roble a 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Ciruelas; a la par del 
<normalizedToken originalValue="río">rio</normalizedToken>
, donde cruce el camino a 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guácima">Guacima</normalizedToken>
, 800 m, 29 Sep 1993, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Hammel et al. 19409</emphasis>
(MO); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Heredia</emphasis>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Belén">Belen</normalizedToken>
, Cuenca de Taracoles, San Vicente, 900 m, 23 Dec 2002, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">
<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
&amp; 
<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
2481
</emphasis>
(G); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cantón">Canton</normalizedToken>
de Santo Domingo, Town of Santo Domingo, 1150 m, 2 Sep 1990, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Solomon 19144</emphasis>
(BM); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Limón">Limon</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Limón">Limon</normalizedToken>
, 14 Dec 1881, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Lehmann 1062</emphasis>
(G); Zu Garten bei 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Limón">Limon</normalizedToken>
, Dec 1881, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Lehmann 1012</emphasis>
(BM, K, US); vicinity of 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guápiles">Guapiles</normalizedToken>
, 300 m, 12 Mar 1924, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Standley, P.C</emphasis>
., 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">37368</emphasis>
(US); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">
San 
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cantón">Canton</normalizedToken>
de 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pérez">Perez</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Zeledón">Zeledon</normalizedToken>
, Cordillera de Talamanca, San Isidro de El General, Repunta, Finca de Miguel Quesada, 700 m, 1 Aug 1993, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Aguilar &amp; Quesada 2075</emphasis>
(MO); San 
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
, Dec 1984, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Pittier &amp; Durand 9097</emphasis>
(BM); San 
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
, 1100 m, Feb 1896, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Smith 6671</emphasis>
(US); San 
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="près">pres</normalizedToken>
la station de San 
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
, 1135 m, Jun 1893, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Tonduz 8024</emphasis>
(G, US); San 
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
; Jardin de 
<normalizedToken originalValue="l’Observatoire">l'Observatoire</normalizedToken>
, Jul 1896, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Tonduz 9097</emphasis>
(G, LE, US).
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="232" lastPageNumber="233" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Cuba</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Cienfuegos</emphasis>
: sin. loc, Jun 1928, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Brens</emphasis>
s.n. (L); Cieneguita, 13 Dec 1895, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Combs 35</emphasis>
(K); Harvard Tropical Garden, Soledad, Cienfuegos, 29 Sep 1927, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Jack 5518</emphasis>
(A); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">La Habana</emphasis>
: Santiago de las Vegas, 30 Sep 1908, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Baker</emphasis>
s.n. (B); near Morrano, 8 Jan 1905, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Hermann 454</emphasis>
(F); Santiago de las Vegas, 9 Dec 1905, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Hermann 5080</emphasis>
<pageBreakToken pageId="232" pageNumber="233" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
F); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
Pinar del 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Viñales">Vinales</normalizedToken>
, 15 Jul 1950, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Brothers Alain &amp; Clemente 1481</emphasis>
(GH); Mogote de la Bandera, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Viñales">Vinales</normalizedToken>
, 19 Sep 1953, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Brother Alain 3525</emphasis>
(GH).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Dominica</emphasis>
. Near road at margin of cultivated area between Wesley and Woodford Hill, 19 Aug 1965, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Ernst 2091</emphasis>
(MO); Roseau, Botanic Gardens, 30 May 1940, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Hodge 3913</emphasis>
(GH); sin. loc, 1841, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Hoskin</emphasis>
s.n. (K).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Dominican Republic</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Distrito Nacional</emphasis>
: Santo Domingo, 24 Jan 1899, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Millspaugh 858</emphasis>
(F); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">La Altagracia</emphasis>
: San Rafael de Yuma, 1 km from bridge over 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Duey, on road to Los Negros, 50 m, 6 Feb 1981, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Zanoni et al. 10811</emphasis>
(JBSD); Loma el 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Peñon">Penon</normalizedToken>
, 21 klm oeste de Higuey en el camino a El Seibo, al norte del pueblo Bejucalito, 200 m, 22 Oct 1981, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
Zanoni &amp; 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mejía">Mejia</normalizedToken>
17351
</emphasis>
(JBSD); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">La Romana</emphasis>
: La Romana, El Gato, 50 m, 15 Nov 1973, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Liogier 20749</emphasis>
(JBSD); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">La Vega</emphasis>
: Constanza, a la derecha del cruce Culo de Maco, Cordillera Central, 1700 m, 15 Apr 1998, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Veloz et al. 1265</emphasis>
(JBSD); Loma El Campanario, Cordillera Central, 4 km oeste de La Culata de Constanza, 1800 m, 8 Sep 1982, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Zanoni et al. 23226</emphasis>
(JBSD); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Monte Cristi</emphasis>
: Distr. of 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Monción">Moncion</normalizedToken>
. Cultiv, 30 m, 26 Jun 1931, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Valeur 681</emphasis>
(F, G, GH, K, MO); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Peravia</emphasis>
: Loma Redonda, al N de El Naranjal (de San 
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
Ocoa), Cordillera Central, 600 m, 21 Jun 1984, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Zanoni et al. 30778</emphasis>
(JBSD); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Puerto Plata</emphasis>
: Imbert, Arroyo Seco, area 9, km 2, sitio de la concession de 
<normalizedToken originalValue="explotación">explotacion</normalizedToken>
minera La Potranca, 28 Nov 2000, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Bastardo &amp; Clase 1245</emphasis>
(JBSD); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sosúa">Sosua</normalizedToken>
, Parque Nacional El Choco, secc. Cabarete, en la parte central del parque, 200 m, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Clase et al. 265</emphasis>
(JBSD); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Muñoz">Munoz</normalizedToken>
, 20 Jun 1887, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Eggers 2561</emphasis>
(GOET); Isabel de Torres, estribo sur, 780 m, 20 Sep 1975, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Liogier &amp; Liogier 23941</emphasis>
(JBSD); Isabel de Torres, estriba este, 750 m, 11 Feb 1977, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Liogier &amp; Liogier 26442</emphasis>
(JBSD); Cabarete, El Choco, 50 m, 12 Feb 1977, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Liogier &amp; Liogier 26487</emphasis>
(JBSD); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sosúa">Sosua</normalizedToken>
, Paraje La Catalina, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sección">Seccion</normalizedToken>
Cabarete, orilla del 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Catalina, 80 m, 10 May 1999, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ángeles">Angeles</normalizedToken>
&amp; Clase 119
</emphasis>
(JBSD); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
San Pedro de 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Macorís">Macoris</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: en la orilla de la carretera San Pedro-La Romana, lado oriental del puente sobre el 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Soco, 15 m, 29 Oct 1992, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Zanoni et al. 47042</emphasis>
(B, JBSD); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ramírez">Ramirez</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Los Haiteses, 2 hours on foot from Las Cien Tareas of 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cotuí">Cotui</normalizedToken>
, 16 Aug 1980, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Dod</emphasis>
s.n. (JBSD); Los Haiteses, 2 hours on foot from Las Cien Tareas of 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cotuí">Cotui</normalizedToken>
, 16 Aug 1980, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Dod</emphasis>
s.n. (JBSD).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Ecuador</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Guayas</emphasis>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cantón">Canton</normalizedToken>
Guayaquil, Guayaquil, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Mille 971</emphasis>
(F); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cantón">Canton</normalizedToken>
Guayaquil, Guayaquil, and vicinity, 1964, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Valverde 123</emphasis>
(US); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Loja</emphasis>
: road 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Catacocha-Macará">Catacocha-Macara</normalizedToken>
, ca. 12 km SW of Catacocha, 1400 m, 8 Nov 1977, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Harling et al. 15217</emphasis>
(MO).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">El Salvador</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ahuachapán">Ahuachapan</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: El Imposible, San Francisco 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Menéndez">Menendez</normalizedToken>
, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="montaña">montana</normalizedToken>
de la division, 12 Aug 1994, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
<normalizedToken originalValue="López">Lopez</normalizedToken>
ISF-00388
</emphasis>
(LAGU); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">La Libertad</emphasis>
: Jardin 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Botánico">Botanico</normalizedToken>
La Laguna, zona 1, San Salvador, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Flores 00133</emphasis>
(LAGU); Jardin 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Botánico">Botanico</normalizedToken>
La Laguna, zona 24, 805 m, 21 Aug 1998, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Renderos 517</emphasis>
(BM, LAGU, MA); Plan de La Laguna, 805 m, 18 Sep 1989, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Villacorta 403</emphasis>
(LAGU).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">French Guiana</emphasis>
. Cayenne, vic, 7 Jul 1921, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Broadway 833</emphasis>
(US).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Guadeloupe</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Basse-Terre</emphasis>
: Route de la 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Traversée">Traversee</normalizedToken>
, 17 Feb 1976, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Sastre et al. 4306</emphasis>
(A); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Grande-Terre</emphasis>
: Morne a 
<normalizedToken originalValue="L’Eau">L'Eau</normalizedToken>
, 14 Jan 1982, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Jeremie 983</emphasis>
(A); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Les Saintes</emphasis>
: Terre-de-Haut, 10 m, 16 Apr 1984, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Defferrard 4506</emphasis>
(G); Terre de Haut, Fort Napoleon, 31 Dec 1986, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Sastre 8297</emphasis>
(K).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="233" pageNumber="234">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">
<pageBreakToken pageId="233" pageNumber="234" start="start">Guatemala</pageBreakToken>
</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Guatemala</emphasis>
: Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, 1500 m, 18 Oct 1994, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Poll &amp; Escobar</emphasis>
s.n. (BM); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Quetzaltenango</emphasis>
: El Palmar, 11 Feb 1906, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Kellerman 5879</emphasis>
(MEXU); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Retalhuleu</emphasis>
: Champerico, Nov 1877, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Bernoulli &amp; Cario 2343</emphasis>
(GOET); San Felipe, 625 m, Apr 1892, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Donnell Smith 2677</emphasis>
(K); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Santa Rosa</emphasis>
: Santa Rosa, 914 m, Sep 1892, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Heyde &amp; Lux DS-3821</emphasis>
(G, K).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="233" pageNumber="234">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Guyana</emphasis>
. Military Burial Ground, Aug 1912, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Mansfield</emphasis>
s.n. (K); Demerara, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Parker, C.S</emphasis>
., 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">s.n.</emphasis>
(K x2); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bel’Air">Bel'Air</normalizedToken>
, Jun 1923, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Persaud 305</emphasis>
(F, G).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="233" pageNumber="234">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Haiti</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Dept. du Sud</emphasis>
: Port-a-Piemont, 27 Jul 1917, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Ekman H-403</emphasis>
(G); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">
<normalizedToken originalValue="L’Artibonite">L'Artibonite</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Gros Morne, street of Gros Morne, 235 m, 17 Feb 1926, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Leonard 9844</emphasis>
(GH).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="233" pageNumber="234">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Honduras</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Comayagua</emphasis>
: Siguatepeque, 1050 m, 5 Jul 1936, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Yuncker et al. 5685</emphasis>
(G, K); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">
El 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraíso">Paraiso</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: La Lodosa, por el camino hacia el Valle de 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jamastrán">Jamastran</normalizedToken>
, ca. 10 km al sureste de 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Danlí">Danli</normalizedToken>
, 900 m, 10 Oct 1994, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Linares &amp; Metsger 1783</emphasis>
(MEXU); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">
Francisco 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Morazán">Morazan</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Ojojona 24 km SO de Tegucigalpa, 1033 m, 3 Aug 1985, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Bustillo 21</emphasis>
(B, BM); Tegucigalpa, Colonia 15 de Septiembre, 950 m, 7 May 1983, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Guerra C. 181</emphasis>
(MEXU); Campus of EAP El Zamorano, 800 m, 6 Jun 2001, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Molina R. &amp; Molina 35157</emphasis>
(MEXU); Tegucigalpa, Barrio Reparto Arriba, 950 m, 12 Oct 1982, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Montoya 75</emphasis>
(MEXU); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Montaña">Montana</normalizedToken>
La Tigra, 20 km al NE de Tegucigalpa, 1500 m, 4 Oct 1983, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rodríguez">Rodriguez</normalizedToken>
191
</emphasis>
(MEXU); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Lempira</emphasis>
: Ciudad de Gracias, 1000 m, 7 Dec 1971, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Nelson et al. 317</emphasis>
(MEXU); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Ocotepeque</emphasis>
: Cordillera 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Meredón">Meredon</normalizedToken>
, El Portillo, 1900 m, 5 Sep 1975, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Molina R. &amp; Molina 31107</emphasis>
(PMA); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Olancho</emphasis>
: Catacamas, Outskirts of town on E side, by stream, 11 Sep 1991, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Chorley 171</emphasis>
(BM).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="233" pageNumber="234">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Jamaica</emphasis>
. Kingston, Park Lodge Garden, 10 Mar 1889, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Kidder</emphasis>
s.n. (ECON); Pons, Jan 1892, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Lloyd, R.N</emphasis>
., 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">1076</emphasis>
(MO); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Hanover</emphasis>
: Lucea, 1 Mar 1991, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Hitchcock</emphasis>
s.n. (MO); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Manchester</emphasis>
: Mandeville, Marshalls Pen, 2.25 mi due NW of Mandeville, 701 m, 3 Nov 1963, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Proctor 24153</emphasis>
(BM); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Middlesex</emphasis>
: Moneague, 21 Jan 1952, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Hunnewell 19760</emphasis>
(GH); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Saint Elizabeth</emphasis>
: Prospect, Apr 1926, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Maxwell</emphasis>
s.n. (BM).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="233" pageNumber="234">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Martinique</emphasis>
. Ste. Pierre, 1853, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bélanger">Belanger</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
s.n. (G); Lavratier, 17 Apr 1934, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rodríguez">Rodriguez</normalizedToken>
3428
</emphasis>
(A); Tivoli, 20 Jan 1939, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Stehlé">Stehle</normalizedToken>
&amp; 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Stehlé">Stehle</normalizedToken>
4345
</emphasis>
(A).
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="234" lastPageNumber="235" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Mexico</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Baja California</emphasis>
: La Paz, 20 Jan 1890, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Palmer 74</emphasis>
(GH, K); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Chiapas</emphasis>
: La Trinitaria, La Trinitaria, 1307 m, 8 Aug 1998, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
S. et al. 31083
</emphasis>
(MEXU); Acacoyagua, 29 Feb 1948, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Matuda 17531</emphasis>
(MEXU); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Durango</emphasis>
: Pueblo Nuevo, El Zapote, alrededores, 800 m, 12 Oct 1981, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
N. 1921
</emphasis>
(MEXU); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Guanajuato</emphasis>
: Arroyo 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Xichú">Xichu</normalizedToken>
, cercano al poblado de 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Xichú">Xichu</normalizedToken>
, 1380 m, 30 Sep 1987, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Santillán">Santillan</normalizedToken>
400
</emphasis>
(MEXU); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Xichú">Xichu</normalizedToken>
, Las Adjuntas, 1000 m, 18 Oct 1990, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">
Ventura &amp; 
<normalizedToken originalValue="López">Lopez</normalizedToken>
8994
</emphasis>
(F, MEXU); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Xichú">Xichu</normalizedToken>
, El Tanque, 1300 m, 4 Dec 1991, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">
Ventura &amp; 
<normalizedToken originalValue="López">Lopez</normalizedToken>
9899
</emphasis>
(MEXU); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Guerrero</emphasis>
: Eduardo Neri, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amatitlán">Amatitlan</normalizedToken>
, 1520 m, 25 Oct 1994, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">
Cruz 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Durán">Duran</normalizedToken>
94
</emphasis>
(MEXU); Azueta, Pas de Vallecitos, 2 km al NO de Vallecito de Zaragoza, 530 m, 11 Dec 1985, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Soto N. 11628</emphasis>
(MEXU); Guayameo, Las Guacamayas, 19 km al SE de Guaymeo, camino a Placeres de Oro, 1150 m, 7 Sep 1982, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Soto N. &amp; Silva R. 4426</emphasis>
(MEXU); Xalitla, 26 Mar 1995, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">
Villa &amp; 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hernández">Hernandez</normalizedToken>
662
</emphasis>
(MEXU); Malinaltepec, Malinaltepec, 1600 m, 4 Jun 1989, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Wagenbreth 42</emphasis>
(MEXU); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">Jalisco</emphasis>
: Tlajomulco de 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Zúñiga">Zuniga</normalizedToken>
, camino a Arroyo Hondo, 200 m despues del Aguaje, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cajtitlán">Cajtitlan</normalizedToken>
, 1555 m, 28 Sep 1997, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="233" pageNumber="234">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cortés">Cortes</normalizedToken>
R. &amp; Ortiz C. 95
</emphasis>
(MEXU); Talpa, ca. 2 miles N on road to Allende, 1200 m, 14 Sep 1960, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">
<pageBreakToken pageId="234" pageNumber="235" start="start">McVaugh</pageBreakToken>
20200
</emphasis>
(G); Guadalajara, 12 Jun 1900, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Puga</emphasis>
s.n. (MEXU); Tuito, brecha 3 km al N del Tuito, 980 m, 26 Dec 1976, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Puga et al. 9631</emphasis>
(MEXU); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Michoacán">Michoacan</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Coalcomán">Coalcoman</normalizedToken>
, Zarzamora, 1200 m, 26 Sep 1933, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Hinton 12255</emphasis>
(K); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Morelos</emphasis>
: Puente de Ixtla, 3 km al SO de la desv. al Puente de Ixtla, sobre la carr. federal a Cuernavaca-Amacuzac, 3 Nov 1987, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Cabrera &amp; Cabrera 14670</emphasis>
(CICY); Puente de Ixtla, 3 km al SO de la desv. al Puente de Ixtla, sobre la carr. federal a Cuernavaca-Amacuzac, 3 Nov 1987, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Cabrera et al. 14670</emphasis>
(MEXU); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Nayarit</emphasis>
: Islas 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Marías">Marias</normalizedToken>
, Isla Maria Madre, brecha Rehilete-V. Carranza, 4 Dec 1986, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Chiang &amp; Flores F. 1202</emphasis>
(MEXU); Tepic, 4.3 km al E del entronque a la Escondida, carr. vieja 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tepic-Mazatlán">Tepic-Mazatlan</normalizedToken>
, 900 m, 17 Sep 1990, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ramírez">Ramirez</normalizedToken>
R. &amp; Flores C. 677
</emphasis>
(MEXU); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">
Nuevo 
<normalizedToken originalValue="León">Leon</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: W of Linares near km 31, 792 m, 20 Oct 1970, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Bates et al. 1702</emphasis>
(BH); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Puebla</emphasis>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Coxcatlán">Coxcatlan</normalizedToken>
, San 
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
Tilapa, 700 m from San 
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
on the 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tehuacán">Tehuacan</normalizedToken>
road for 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Teotitló">Teotitlo</normalizedToken>
and Oaxaca, 950 m, 6 Dec 2003, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Calzada 24284</emphasis>
(K); Matamoros, 8 Oct 1942, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Miranda 2393</emphasis>
(MEXU); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Querétaro">Queretaro</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Jalpan, 2 km al SE de Carrizal, 1000 m, 26 Jan 1989, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Carranza 1409</emphasis>
(MEXU); Jalpan, San Vicente, al N, 1150 m, 1 Sep 1990, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Carranza 2689</emphasis>
(MEXU); Landa, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rincón">Rincon</normalizedToken>
de la Chirimoya, 2.5 km al SE de 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Acatitlán">Acatitlan</normalizedToken>
de Zaragoza, 1320 m, 26 Jun 1989, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">
<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
698
</emphasis>
(MEXU); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Quintana Roo</emphasis>
: Jiquipilas, 550 m, 8 Aug 1993, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Ferrera Sarmiento 212</emphasis>
(MEXU); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Sinaloa</emphasis>
: Sinaloa de Leyva, Los Gatos, al N de Agua Caliente, 12 Oct 1976, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pérez">Perez</normalizedToken>
59
</emphasis>
(MEXU); El Saucito, 52 km al E de Mocorito, brecha a Surutato, 300 m, 7 Oct 1985, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Tenorio L. 10310</emphasis>
(MEXU); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Sonora</emphasis>
: Arroyo Santa Ana, 1 km SW de Santa Ana de 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yécora">Yecora</normalizedToken>
, 760 m, 27 May 1996, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Búrquez">Burquez</normalizedToken>
et al. 96-205
</emphasis>
(MEXU); Santa Ana de 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yécora">Yecora</normalizedToken>
, 850 m, 2 Oct 1997, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Trauba</emphasis>
s.n. (MEXU); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Tabasco</emphasis>
: Huimanguillo, Ocuapan, rumbo a Mecatepec km 9 al sur de Huimanguillo, km 2 rumbo a Fco. Rueda, 16 Jan 1979, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Cowan 1783</emphasis>
(MEXU); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Tamaulipas</emphasis>
: N of Lomas del Real, 7 miles north of main highway on dirt road which turns off just north of Altamira, 27 Oct 1959, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Johnston &amp; Graham 4527</emphasis>
(MEXU); Tula, Laguna de Tula, 7 Dec 1993, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Moro-Olivo et al. 5058</emphasis>
(MEXU); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Veracruz</emphasis>
: Emiliano Zapata, carretera Zalapa-Veracruz desv. para los 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Baños">Banos</normalizedToken>
Carrizal, 8 Oct 1975, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Calzada 2063</emphasis>
(MEXU); Jalapa, 6 Sep 1936, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">MacDaniels 933</emphasis>
(BH); Comapa, 1 km al NE de El Coyol, 500 m, 30 Jun 1985, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Medina A. &amp; Acosta P. 290</emphasis>
(MEXU); Xalapa, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jardín">Jardin</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Botánico">Botanico</normalizedToken>
Francisco Javier Clavijero, 1300 m, 12 Oct 1979, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Ortega O. 1391</emphasis>
(MEXU); Dos 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ríos">Rios</normalizedToken>
, El Carrizal, 400 m, 11 Nov 1979, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Ventura A. 2822</emphasis>
(MEXU); Catemaco, Playa Hermosa, 300 m, 26 Nov 1975, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Ventura A. 12156</emphasis>
(MEXU); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yucatán">Yucatan</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Valladolid, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Xocén">Xocen</normalizedToken>
, 30 m, 15 Jul 1988, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Acosta 188</emphasis>
(CICY); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sabacché">Sabacche</normalizedToken>
, 25 Aug 1956, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Enríquez">Enriquez</normalizedToken>
763
</emphasis>
(MEXU); Peto, al 2 km al W de Peto, 9 Mar 1992, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Ku Yam 162</emphasis>
(MEXU); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mérida">Merida</normalizedToken>
, en el poblado de Molas, 8 m, 2 Feb 1983, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Narváez">Narvaez</normalizedToken>
936
</emphasis>
(CICY); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mérida">Merida</normalizedToken>
, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mérida">Merida</normalizedToken>
, 8 m, 30 Nov 1983, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Narváez">Narvaez</normalizedToken>
1186
</emphasis>
(MEXU); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yaxcabá">Yaxcaba</normalizedToken>
, Tixcacaltuyub, 24 m, 27 Jun 1980, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Vargas R. 69</emphasis>
(CICY).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="234" pageNumber="235">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Montserrat</emphasis>
. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fox’s">Fox's</normalizedToken>
Bay, 19 Mar 1979, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Howard et al. 19034</emphasis>
(A, BM); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fox’s">Fox's</normalizedToken>
Bay, 1 m, 6 Feb 1959, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Proctor 19055</emphasis>
(A); Coconut Hill, 21 Jan 1907, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Shafer 82</emphasis>
(F).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="234" pageNumber="235">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Netherlands Antilles</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Saba</emphasis>
: Booby Hill, 475 m, 6 Jun 1953, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Stoffers 3161</emphasis>
(A).
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="235" lastPageNumber="236" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Nicaragua</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Estelí">Esteli</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sábana">Sabana</normalizedToken>
Larga, 1060 m, 13 Apr 1981, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Moreno 8103</emphasis>
(MEXU); Cerro La Mocuana, faldas del cerro, al E de Trinidad, 750 m, 23 Jun 1981, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">Moreno 9460</emphasis>
(MEXU); KM 163 on Hwy 1, 13 km N of 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Estelí">Esteli</normalizedToken>
, bridge on N side of 
<pageBreakToken pageId="235" pageNumber="236" start="start">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Estelí">Esteli</normalizedToken>
</pageBreakToken>
, 920 m, 1 Sep 1983, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Nee &amp; Miller 27696</emphasis>
(BM); km 163 on Hwy 1, ca. 11.2 km N of entrance to 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Estelí">Esteli</normalizedToken>
, 920 m, 5 Aug 1977, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Stevens 2997</emphasis>
(MEXU); km 163 on Hwy 1, ca. 11.2 km N of entrance to 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Estelí">Esteli</normalizedToken>
, 920 m, 29 Jun 1980, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Stevens &amp; Montiel 17722</emphasis>
(MEXU); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Managua</emphasis>
: Esquipulas, 10 km SE of Managua, 13 Jun 1977, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Neill 2119</emphasis>
(MEXU); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Matagalpa</emphasis>
: Carretera al Tuma, 0.5 km antes de llegar a la entrada a &quot;La Cumplida&quot;, 600 m, 8 Sep 1980, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guzmán">Guzman</normalizedToken>
et al. 741
</emphasis>
(BM); camino a San 
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
de los Remates, 1 km N de La Majada, ribera E de Quebrada La Majada, 400 m, 15 Jun 1980, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Moreno 797</emphasis>
(MEXU).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="235" pageNumber="236">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Panama</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Los Santos</emphasis>
: Los Asientos, 15 Aug 1969, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Wendehake 26</emphasis>
(PMA); Los Asientos, 15 Aug 1969, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Wendehake 29</emphasis>
(PMA); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Panamá">Panama</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: campus principal de la Universidad de 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Panamó">Panamo</normalizedToken>
, alrededores de la Facultad de 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Agronomía">Agronomia</normalizedToken>
, 5 Dec 1980, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Correa A. 4241</emphasis>
(PMA); Farfan Beach Road, 3 Aug 1967, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">
Kirkbride &amp; 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Elías">Elias</normalizedToken>
62
</emphasis>
(PMA); 0.6-0.9 miles S of intersection Ezra Hurwitz Road and Farfan Road, on E Hurwitz Road, Farfan Beach area and marsh, 2 Nov 1981, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Knapp 1930</emphasis>
(MO, PMA); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Área">Area</normalizedToken>
de Canal
</emphasis>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="más">mas</normalizedToken>
o menos 0.5 millas de la carretera de Playa Farfan, en el camino a Palo Seco, 3 Sep 1969, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Correa A. et al. 1584</emphasis>
(PMA).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="235" pageNumber="236">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Puerto Rico</emphasis>
. Trujillo Plant Station, 14 Jan 1936, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Britton &amp; Britton 9867</emphasis>
(BH); Hato Rey, Pennock Gardens, 28 Feb 1967, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Howard 16337</emphasis>
(A); Hato Rey, Pennock Gardens, 28 Feb 1967, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Howard 16347</emphasis>
(A); Mayaguez, 1916, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Hunn</emphasis>
s.n. (BH); Vega Alta, Road 675, 2 Feb 1982, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Santiago-Blay</emphasis>
s.n. (MO); Saban Grande, 22 Mar 1935, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Sargent 218</emphasis>
(MO); Uluado, ad Caguana, 23 Feb 1887, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Sintenis 6343</emphasis>
(BM, F, G, L, MO).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="235" pageNumber="236">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Saint Lucia</emphasis>
. Marquis estate, 3 m, 4 Apr 1958, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Proctor 18152</emphasis>
(A, BM).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="235" pageNumber="236">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Saint Vincent/Grenadines</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Saint Vincent</emphasis>
: sin. loc., 2 Jan 1823, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Caley</emphasis>
s.n. (BM).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="235" pageNumber="236">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Trinidad and Tobago</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Tobago</emphasis>
: Scarborough, The Chateau, 18 Sep 1913, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Broadway</emphasis>
s.n. (G); Old Grange, 28 Aug 1913, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Broadway 4693</emphasis>
(BM, GH); Scarborough, 10 Jan 1953, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Hunnewell 19989</emphasis>
(GH); Friendsfield road, 9 Oct 1937, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Sandwith 1674</emphasis>
(K); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Trinidad</emphasis>
: San Fernando Hill, 152 m, 1 Feb 1953, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Baker &amp; Simmonds 14848</emphasis>
(K); Woodbrook, 3 Sep 1932, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Broadway</emphasis>
s.n. (A, B); San Fernando, San Fernando Hill, 18 Jul 1926, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Broadway 6369</emphasis>
(BM, K); Chancellor Road, Jan 1922, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Corstophine &amp; Corstophine</emphasis>
s.n. (BM); Chacachacare, SE ridge of island, 9 Feb 1950, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Howard 10436</emphasis>
(A); SW Reserve, 4 Nov 1949, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Simmonds 14479</emphasis>
(K).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="235" pageNumber="236">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">United States of America</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Florida</emphasis>
: Palm Beach County, Drehev Park, 25 Oct 1966, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Cassen 38</emphasis>
(BM); Broward County, Fort Lauderdale, 1 Jan 1964, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Meriläinen">Merilaeinen</normalizedToken>
&amp; Roe 126
</emphasis>
(LE); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Hawaii</emphasis>
: Vaipio, 198 m, 9 Nov 1967, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Herbst 700</emphasis>
(L); Kauai, Haiku, where Aakulkui Road crosses Puhi Stream, Lihue District, 85 m, 17 Nov 1975, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Herbst &amp; Spence 5558</emphasis>
(L); Hawaii, Hilo, 4 Aug 1981, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Schwabe</emphasis>
s.n. (B).
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="236" lastPageNumber="237" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Venezuela</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Aragua</emphasis>
: San Juan de los Morros, Near Morro, 400 m, 3 Jan 1939, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Alston 6015</emphasis>
(BM); Maracaibo, 1893, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Mocquerys 792</emphasis>
(US); Parque Nacional Guamitas, 760 m, Jul 1940, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Williams 13493</emphasis>
(F); Guamitas, cerca del Parque Nacional, Jul 1940, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Williams 13493</emphasis>
(US); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bolívar">Bolivar</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Cuidad Bolivar and vicinity, on the Orinoco, 60 m, 8 Mar 1921, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Bailey &amp; Bailey 1897</emphasis>
(BH); Hato de Nuria, E. of Miamo, Altiplanicie de Nuria; north of road, 400 m, 1 Jan 1961, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Steyermark 88841</emphasis>
(US); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Carabobo</emphasis>
: Punta Palmita, 400 m, 20 Jul 1968, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Benítez">Benitez</normalizedToken>
de Rojas 366
</emphasis>
(BM); alrededores 
<pageBreakToken pageId="236" pageNumber="237" start="start">hacienda</pageBreakToken>
Macapo, camino de penetracion hacia lo Guacamayo, 600 m, 19 Jul 1969, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Benítez">Benitez</normalizedToken>
de Rojas 708
</emphasis>
(BM); Las Trincheras, 16 Dec 1891, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Warming</emphasis>
s.n. (F); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Distrito Federal</emphasis>
: Las Adjuntas, Dec 1924, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Allart 501</emphasis>
(US); Caracas, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Cochburn</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">s.n.</emphasis>
(BM); Caracas, 1917, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Curran &amp; Haman 1077</emphasis>
(US); Cumbre del Silencio, 17 Jun 1891, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Eggers, H.F.A</emphasis>
., 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">13126</emphasis>
(US); Caracas, 914 m, 12 Feb 1854, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Fendler 976</emphasis>
(GOET); Caracas, Urb. La Florida, 950 m, 2 Aug 1979, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Nee 17113</emphasis>
(F); Caracas, 800 m, Oct 1921, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Pittier 9871</emphasis>
(US); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Lara</emphasis>
: Duaca, 1893, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Mocquerys</emphasis>
s.n. (US); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Miranda</emphasis>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Chico, 1 Jun 1923, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Jahn 1266</emphasis>
(US); Santa 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lucía">Lucia</normalizedToken>
, 150 m, 6 Mar 1943, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Killip &amp; Smith 37028</emphasis>
(US); 7 km E of 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cúpira">Cupira</normalizedToken>
, new road 1 km S of main road, starting at 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Chupaquire S of El Guacuco, 16 May 1981, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">
Leisner &amp; 
<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
11909
</emphasis>
(F x2); Carenere, 4-5 kms N between Carenere and Chirimena, 10 m, 22 Nov 1969, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Steyermark &amp;Bunting 102316</emphasis>
(US); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mérida">Merida</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Aricagua, vicinity of Cristobal Colon, 5 Jan 1923, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Broadway 492</emphasis>
(US); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Nueva Esparta</emphasis>
: Island of Margarita, El Valle, 18 Jul 1901, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Miller &amp; Johnston. 104</emphasis>
(BM, F, GH, US); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Sucre</emphasis>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cumaná">Cumana</normalizedToken>
, 304 m, Jul 1842, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Funck &amp; Schlim 46</emphasis>
(LE); Sucre, Parque National Mochima, carretera cerca del pueblo de Mochima, 8 Sep 1982, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Garafolo 981</emphasis>
(US); Cocollar, 820 m, 28 Apr 1945, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Steyermark 62349</emphasis>
(F); alrededores de Cumana, 3 Apr 1969, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Trujillo 9374</emphasis>
(BM); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Trujillo</emphasis>
: lower Cotiza, near Caracas, 800 m, 19 May 1917, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Pittier 7169</emphasis>
(US); Cotiza, 22 Mar 1958, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Williams 9958</emphasis>
(F); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Zulia</emphasis>
: Mara, 3 km by air WSW of Corpozulia Campamento Carichuano, 140 m, 30 May 1980, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Steyermark et al. 122933</emphasis>
(F, US);
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="236" pageNumber="237">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Virgin Islands (US)</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">St. Croix</emphasis>
: Scenic Road near Bodkin Mill, 15 Jan 1979, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Fosberg &amp; Hayes 58962</emphasis>
(BM); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">St. Thomas</emphasis>
: sin. loc., 1827, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Wydler 67</emphasis>
(G).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="239" lastPageNumber="240" pageId="236" pageNumber="237" type="specimens examined">
<paragraph pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Specimens examined</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="236" pageNumber="237">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">[introduced, cultivated or naturalised]. Australia</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">New South Wales</emphasis>
: Moore Park, Richmond River, 15 miles NW of Kyogle, 27 May 1964, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Constable 4903</emphasis>
(LE); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Queensland</emphasis>
: Far North Queensland, Mount Whitfield, Mt. Whitfield, blue arrow trail. Gap at trailside, 130 m, 19 Jul 2011, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Bohs &amp; Stern 3886</emphasis>
(BRI, CNS, UT); near Lake Euramoo on the road around Lake Tinaroo, 5 km W of Mobo Crater, 16 Aug 1990, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Luckow 3757</emphasis>
(BH); Rockhampton, Jim Crow Mountain, 5 Apr 1963, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">McKee 10261</emphasis>
(L); Atherton, SFR 191, 7 miles S of Atherton, 600 m, 26 Feb 1965, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Rudder 3608</emphasis>
(L); Atherton, vicinity, 17 May 1967, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Symon, D.E</emphasis>
., 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">4754</emphasis>
(B); Mount Surprise, 6 miles E, 26 May 1967, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Symon 4900</emphasis>
(B); Ymbil, 4 Dec 1958, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Walter &amp; Walter 2659</emphasis>
(B).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="236" pageNumber="237">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Burma</emphasis>
. Yaunghue, southern Shan states, 1000 m, 30 Aug 1934, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Malaise 534</emphasis>
(S).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="236" pageNumber="237">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Central African Republic</emphasis>
. region de Mbaiki, Station Central de Boukoko (Oubangi-Chari, A.E.F.), 18 Apr 1951, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Tisserant 2083</emphasis>
(BM).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="236" pageNumber="237">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">China</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Hong Kong</emphasis>
: Chinese University of Hong Kong, University nursery, 8 Feb 2001, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Hu &amp; Yung 317</emphasis>
(A, NY); Chung Chi College, garden of Glora Barretto, 7 Jun 1970, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Hu 10366</emphasis>
(A).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="236" pageNumber="237">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Congo DR</emphasis>
. Matadi, Kongo da Lemba, 21 Mar 1956, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Dubois 109</emphasis>
(K); Equateur
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">,</emphasis>
Sala, 1906, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Laurent</emphasis>
s.n. (K); Barumbu, 6 Jan 1927, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Linder 1880</emphasis>
(K); Shaba, Kumcunie, Feb 1975, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Malaisse 8837</emphasis>
(K).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="236" pageNumber="237">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Cyprus</emphasis>
. Kyrenia, 5 Jul 1955, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Atherton 86</emphasis>
(K).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="237" pageNumber="238">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">
<pageBreakToken pageId="237" pageNumber="238" start="start">India</pageBreakToken>
</emphasis>
. Chota Nagpur, Hazaribagh in hedge in St. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Columba’s">Columba's</normalizedToken>
College compound, 609 m, 24 Oct 1953, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Kerr 2343</emphasis>
(BM); Panchagani, Satara District, 4 Nov 1962, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Krishnappa 368</emphasis>
(K); Horsely Hills, Andhrapradesh, Chittor Dist, 23 Sep 1977, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Maesen 2794</emphasis>
(K); Dehra Dun, Mount Abu, 1219 m, 28 Sep 1958, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Raizada 20269</emphasis>
(K); Chandbagh, Dehra Dun and vicinity, 25 Oct 1928, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Singh 413</emphasis>
(F, S); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Mysore</emphasis>
: Hassan, Hassan District, 20 Sep 1971, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Gandhi HFP-2060</emphasis>
(K); Hassan, Hassan, 20 Sep 1971, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Gandhi 2060</emphasis>
(US); Hassan, Kesagodu-Vatehalla road, 15 May 1969, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Saldanha 13521</emphasis>
(US); Hassan, Hassan, outskirts of town, 23 Aug 1969, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Saldanha 14649</emphasis>
(US); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Palacode</emphasis>
: Dharmapuri, Kodagarai village, 22 Jul 1979, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Matthew &amp; Venugopal 23911</emphasis>
(A); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Tamil Nadu</emphasis>
: Yercad, Salem, Servarayans, Yercad Ghat road, near 18th bend, 1200 m, 13 Dec 1977, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Arockiasamy 10038</emphasis>
(L); Dharmapuri, Dist. Denikanikottataluk, Denkanikotta, Forest Rest House, 675 m, 30 Oct 1981, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Matthew et al. RHT-28530</emphasis>
(K); Dindigul, Dist. Kodaikanal, Palni (Pulney) Hills (formerly Madras State), 700 m, 6 Mar 1987, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Matthew &amp; Rajendren RHT-48498</emphasis>
(K).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="237" pageNumber="238">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Indonesia</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Java</emphasis>
: sin. loc, 10 Apr 1897, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Moller</emphasis>
s.n. (S); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Timor</emphasis>
: Lahurus, 600 m, 20 Jun 1968, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Schmutz 2221</emphasis>
(L).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="237" pageNumber="238">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Japan</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Okinawa</emphasis>
: Shioya, 10 m, 29 Jun 1993, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Leu &amp; Wang 1961</emphasis>
(A); Nakagami, Ishikawa, Ishikawa Museum Grounds, 3 Jul 1951, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Walker &amp; Tawada 5993</emphasis>
(US); Tanujiya, Shana Wan, 20 Jun 1966, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Walker 8192</emphasis>
(US); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Tokunoshima</emphasis>
: Hetono, Ooshima-gun, Amagi-cho, 24 Nov 1994, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Kobayashi 2841</emphasis>
(A).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="237" pageNumber="238">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Kenya. Central</emphasis>
: Embu, Embu town, police station compound, 1381 m, 17 Apr 2010, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Vorontsova et al. 193</emphasis>
(BM, EA, K, NY); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Kiambu</emphasis>
: Kabete, FTEA region K4, Ngecha road, about 1km past Kitisuru road intersection, 1700 m, 13 Nov 1977, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Kuchar 7797</emphasis>
(EA); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Nairobi</emphasis>
: Nairobi National Museum Botanic Garden, FTEA region K4, Jan 1949, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Bally 6565</emphasis>
(EA, K); Kirichwa Ndogo, FTEA region K4, 1660 m, 10 Apr 1969, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Bally 13282</emphasis>
(EA); Nairobi, FTEA region K4, Forest road, 8 Jun 1972, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Kibuwa 1200</emphasis>
(EA); Chiromo, FTEA region K4, Chiromo Estate, 30 Apr 1970, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Mathenge 601</emphasis>
(EA); Chiromo, FTEA region K4, University of Nairobi, Chiromo Campus, behind the Entomology Department, 1676 m, 26 May 1983, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Mwangangi 2474</emphasis>
(EA); Nairobi, FTEA region K4, Ring River road, 1740 m, 24 Dec 1972, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Sangai 1</emphasis>
(EA); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Nakuru</emphasis>
: Njoro, FTEA region K3, Egerton University, 2256 m, 25 Jun 1976, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Gitonga 284</emphasis>
(EA); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Taita Taveta</emphasis>
: Bura, FTEA region K7, along Bura-Mugange road, 23 Jul 1972, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Cheseny 30-72</emphasis>
(EA); Bura, FTEA region K7, west of Buar River, 4 km south of St. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mary’s">Mary's</normalizedToken>
Teachers Training College, 970 m, 21 Nov 1997, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Mwachala EW-31</emphasis>
(EA); Taita Hills, FTEA region K7, 850 m, 31 Jul 1998, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Mwachala 1203</emphasis>
(EA, K).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="237" pageNumber="238">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Lebanon</emphasis>
. Beirut, 12 Jan 1951, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Anonymous</emphasis>
s.n. (G).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="237" pageNumber="238">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Madagascar</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Toliara</emphasis>
: Taolagnaro, (Fort Dauphim), region of Manambaro, near Tsiary, 34 m, 9 Apr 2007, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Wen &amp; Randriatafika 9666</emphasis>
(US).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="237" pageNumber="238">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Malawi</emphasis>
. Dist. Zomba, Mingoli Farm, by Likangala River, 13 Jan 1979, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Blackmore &amp; Dudley 151</emphasis>
(BM).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="237" pageNumber="238">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Namibia</emphasis>
. Gross Waterburg, near Waterberg in Waterberg Mountains, 11 Nov 1947, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Rodin 2585</emphasis>
(BH, F); Kunene
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">,</emphasis>
Outjo, Farm Franken, 26 Jan 1953, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Schwerdtfeger</emphasis>
s.n. (B).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="238" pageNumber="239">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">
<pageBreakToken pageId="238" pageNumber="239" start="start">New</pageBreakToken>
Caledonia
</emphasis>
. Ouen Toro, 15 Jan 1955, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">McKee 2006</emphasis>
(L); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Grande Terre</emphasis>
: Mount Mou, above Col de la Pirogue, on southwest side, 400 m, 2 Aug 1981, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Edmondson 3635</emphasis>
(L).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="238" pageNumber="239">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Papua New Guinea</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Morobe</emphasis>
: Wau, Ian 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fraser’s">Fraser's</normalizedToken>
plantation, 360 m, 13 Jan 1981, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Kerenga &amp; Kerenga 77239</emphasis>
(L); Wau, route de Bulolo, 17 Apr 1987, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Lambinon 87/383</emphasis>
(L).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="238" pageNumber="239">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Paraguay</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">
Alto 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Distrito Ciudad del Este, Cuidad del Este, Vivero Forestal de Itaipu, 12 Oct 1990, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Schinini &amp; Cabellero Morini 27250</emphasis>
(G); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Central</emphasis>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Asunción">Asuncion</normalizedToken>
, 28 Jul 1972, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Schinini 5069</emphasis>
(G); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Central-Cordillera</emphasis>
: Lago 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ypacaraí">Ypacarai</normalizedToken>
, Jardin Steiner, Mar 1913, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Hassler 11990</emphasis>
(E, F, G x2, K, L, P); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Cordillera</emphasis>
: San Bernardino, camino a Altos, 5 Dec 1987, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Schinini &amp; Bordas 25512</emphasis>
(G).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="238" pageNumber="239">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Peru</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Lima</emphasis>
: Lima, Miraflores, Lima, 11 Feb 1987, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Dreyfus R. 1</emphasis>
(USM); Lima, Lima, esquina Larrabura y 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Máximo">Maximo</normalizedToken>
Abril, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jesús">Jesus</normalizedToken>
Maria, 25 Nov 1956, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Tillett 661 -41</emphasis>
(USM); Lima, Lince, cuadra 10 de la Av. Arenales, 14 May 1980, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Vilcapoma 337</emphasis>
(USM); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Loreto</emphasis>
: Alto Amazonas, Yurimaguas, Fortaleza, lower 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Huallaga, 155 m, 29 Oct 1929, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Williams 4323</emphasis>
(F); Alto Amazonas, Yurimaguas, on lower 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Huallaga, 155 m, 2 Apr 1930, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Williams 7877</emphasis>
(F); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Tumbes</emphasis>
: Tumbes, mtns. E of Hacienda Chicama, 800 m, 19 Feb 1927, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Weberbauer 7636</emphasis>
(F).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="238" pageNumber="239">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Philippines</emphasis>
. Puerto Galera, Oriental Mindoro Province, Apr 1953, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Alegaen 206</emphasis>
(L).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="238" pageNumber="239">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">South Africa</emphasis>
. between Grootfontein and Otavi, 1400 m, 2 Mar 1959, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Werdermann &amp; Oberdieck 2391</emphasis>
(B); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Transvaal</emphasis>
: Lowveld Botanic Garden, N of Nelspruit, Crocodile River valley, 650 m, 23 Sep 1989, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Greuter 21464</emphasis>
(B); Letaba, by side of road to Politsi just-SW of Eucalyptus plantations near Merensky Dam, road and railway bridges, 914 m, 18 Apr 1958, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Scheepers 265</emphasis>
(EA).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="238" pageNumber="239">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Sri Lanka</emphasis>
. Pottuvil, 14 Dec 1975, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Bernardi 16014</emphasis>
(US); Matale-Dambulla road, Before mile marker 44 (A9), 215 m, 12 Jan 1968, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Comanor 718</emphasis>
(GH, K, US); Yala, behind Yala campsite, 23 Jan 1968, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Comanor 831</emphasis>
(K, US); Anuradhapura-Puttalam Road, 29.5 mile post, 3 Feb 1970, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Cooray 20308-R</emphasis>
(K, US); Menik Ganga, on east bank, 100 meters from Yala Bungalow, west of camp site at bathing spot, 20 Oct 1967, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Cooray 102001 R</emphasis>
(US); Polonarruwa, at rest house, 8 Jan 1970, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Fosberg 51912</emphasis>
(US); Siyambalanduwa, 4 miles N, 27 Nov 1970, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Fosberg &amp; Sachet 53074</emphasis>
(US); Amparai, 3 Dec 1977, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Fosberg &amp; Jayasinghe 57171</emphasis>
(K, US); Anuradhapura, Kekirawa, 18 Dec 1973, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Jayasuriya et al. 1385</emphasis>
(K, US); Kandy, Haragama, 500 m, 19 Jan 1974, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Jayasuriya et al. 1409</emphasis>
(K, US); Matara, Naula, 23 Jan 1974, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Jayasuriya et al. 1426</emphasis>
(K, US); Wellawaya road, 21 Aug 1974, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Kostermans 25435</emphasis>
(G); Menik Ganga, north of Kataragama, 1 mile south of Vaddangewadiya, 23 Oct 1968, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Mueller-Dombois 68 102303</emphasis>
(US); Ruhuna National Park, Block I, at Yala campsite, 10 Dec 1967, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Mueller-Dombois &amp; Cooray 121087</emphasis>
(US); Puttlam-Anuradhapura road, 7 Feb 1932, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Simpson 9162</emphasis>
(BM); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Central</emphasis>
: Matale, Dambulla, 280 m, 9 Dec 1971, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Cramer 3550</emphasis>
(US); Matale, Naula, just north, mile 35 on rt. A9, 22 Oct 1976, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Fosberg 56368</emphasis>
(K, US); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Monaragala</emphasis>
: 7 miles N of Bible, 30 Apr 1976, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Jayasuriya 1936</emphasis>
(K, L); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">North Western</emphasis>
: Kurunagala, Weundakanda, 12 Aug 1974, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Waas 770</emphasis>
(US); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">North-Central</emphasis>
: Polannaruwa, 60 m, 26 Feb 1972, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Cramer 3681</emphasis>
(US); Northgate, Polonnaruwa Sacred Area, 61 m, 27 Aug 1971, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Ripley 458</emphasis>
(US).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="239" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">
<pageBreakToken pageId="239" pageNumber="240" start="start">Swaziland</pageBreakToken>
</emphasis>
. Ngwavuma, 274 m, 1 Jul 1966, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Bayliss 3447</emphasis>
(BH).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="239" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Taiwan</emphasis>
. Hengchung, Hang Chun Botanical Garden, 26 Dec 1979, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Bernardi 19874</emphasis>
(G); Taihoku, Jardin Botanique, Apr 1915, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Faurie</emphasis>
s.n. (A).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="239" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Tanzania</emphasis>
. Bushiri Estate, Pangani District, 16 Jun 1950, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Faulkner 656</emphasis>
(K); Ngare Nairobi, Moshi district, Northern Prov, 10 May 1949, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Rensberg 495</emphasis>
(K); Morogoro, Uluguru Gebirge, S seite, Kissaki, 200 m, 15 Aug 1933, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Schlieben 4246</emphasis>
(BM); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Handeni</emphasis>
: Kideleko, FTEA region T3, 7 km south of Handeni, bottom of Mt. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="King’ombe">King'ombe</normalizedToken>
, 610 m, 9 Jul 1974, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Archbold 1871</emphasis>
(EA); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Lushoto</emphasis>
: Amani, FTEA region T3, 20 Mar 1906, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Braun 1122</emphasis>
(EA); Mombo Forest Reserve, FTEA region T3, Tanga region, 22 Jun 1962, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Semsei &amp; Semsei 3487</emphasis>
(EA); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Morogoro</emphasis>
: Morogoro, FTEA region T6, 548 m, 19 Jul 1969, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Harris 2965</emphasis>
(EA); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Moshi</emphasis>
: Kilimanjaro, FTEA region T2, Sere River, Two Bridges, 1006 m, 4 Jun 1967, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Bigger 1100</emphasis>
(EA); Ngare Nairobi, FTEA region T2, Stock Farm, near homestead, 10 May 1949, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Rensburg 495</emphasis>
(EA); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Tanga</emphasis>
: Mzizima, Dar-es-Salaam, Statehouse, 29 Sep 1972, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Ruffo 547</emphasis>
(K); Lushoto, Soni, 1252 m, 20 Aug 2010, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Anna NPGRC 396</emphasis>
(K); Mafi Hill, E slope above Magamba Sisal Estate, SW of West Usambara Mtns., Lushoto District, 750 m, 27 Jan 1985, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Borhidi et al. 85359</emphasis>
(K); Muheza, W of Kwamngumi Forest Reserve, 125 m, 25 May 2000, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Mwangoka &amp; Maingo 1299</emphasis>
(MO); Muheza, Kwemnyese public forest patch, E of forest, 100 m, 30 May 2000, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Mwangoka &amp; Mkufya 1347</emphasis>
(MO); Mambo Forest Reserve, Tanga region, Kosogwe District, 22 Jun 1962, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Semsei 3487</emphasis>
(K); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Uzaramo</emphasis>
: Dar es Salaam, FTEA region T6, State House, 29 Sep 1972, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Ruffo 547</emphasis>
(EA).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="239" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Thailand</emphasis>
. Suen Dawk, Chiang Mai, 22 Dec 1950, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Garrett 1342</emphasis>
(L); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Chiang Mai</emphasis>
: Chiang Mai, 3 Dec 1914, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Kerr</emphasis>
s.n. (BM); Chiang Mai, 20 Jan 1921, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Kerr</emphasis>
s.n. (BM).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="239" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Uganda</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Bunyoro</emphasis>
: Budongo, FTEA region U2, near main Butiaba road at North end of Busingiro Hill, 1100 m, 27 Jun 1973, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Synnott 1485</emphasis>
(EA); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Karamoja</emphasis>
: Kidepo Valley National Park, FTEA region U1, Opok Rest Camp, 4 Dec 1971, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Katende K 1379</emphasis>
(EA); Kidepo National Park, FTEA region U1, Apoka Park HQ, Dodoth, 1170 m, 4 Sep 1972, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Synnott 1286</emphasis>
(EA); Kidepo National Park, FTEA region U1, Dodoth, 1170 m, 12 Aug 1973, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Synnott 1545</emphasis>
(EA); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Toro</emphasis>
: Queen Elizabeth National Park, FTEA region U2, Mweya, 945 m, 30 May 1969, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Lock 69-139</emphasis>
(EA); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Western</emphasis>
: (U2), Masindi District, W boundary of Budongo Forest Reserve, on E flank of Busingiro Hill, ca. 2 km N of ecotourism camp on road to Butyaba Pier on Lake Albert, 1080 m, 3 Jul 1998, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">ATBP 786</emphasis>
(MO).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="239" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Vanuatu.</emphasis>
Melekula Island, S.W. Bay, Wintoua and vicinity, 100 m, 8 Oct 1963, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Chew Wee-Lek 389</emphasis>
(L); Efate, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="près">pres</normalizedToken>
de la cascade de Maat, 11 Jul 1971, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Raynal 16057</emphasis>
(L).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="239" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Zambia</emphasis>
. Victoria Falls, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Devil’s">Devil's</normalizedToken>
Cataract, Nov 1959, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Armitage 154 /59</emphasis>
(L); Penhalonga, 1219 m, 6 Feb 1934, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Davies</emphasis>
s.n. (BM); Victoria Falls, Feb 1959, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Head</emphasis>
s.n. (BM); Victoria Falls, 903 m, 1 Apr 1974, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Gonde 88/74</emphasis>
(B).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="239" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Zimbabwe</emphasis>
. Masvingo, 16 Jul 1989, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Emanuelsson 460</emphasis>
(S); Matopos, 1402 m, Mar 1918, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Eyles 981</emphasis>
(BM); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="N’Dola">N'Dola</normalizedToken>
, 3 Jun 1954, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Fanshawe 1262</emphasis>
(S); Harare, north of Lake Robertson on A-road, 31 Jan 1990, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="239" pageNumber="240">Emanuelsson 860</emphasis>
(S).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>