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<document id="52815390757A027BF056DD602E12DC0F" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.2678.1.2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5302352" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629703952563" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Han, H. L. &amp; Kononenko, V. S." docDate="2010" docId="5572A172FFA25B78FF2755D997299249" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02678p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2678 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2678.1.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Craniophora ligustri Schiffermuller 1776" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="64" masterDocId="A94BD90AFFB25B68FFB0554E95469675" masterDocTitle="New species of the genera Acronicta Ochsenheimer, 1816 and Craniophora Snellen, 1867 from China with notes on synonymy and checklist (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae: Acronictinae)" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="48" pageNumber="64" updateTime="1699098503552" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="D7E4E240B2B5FD288C63B218B70C2CAE" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="CF5FAC9170AEA636621E958C6CA1B0F8">
<mods:title id="0CD0B6C44157D4C3230D639B403B0F46">New species of the genera Acronicta Ochsenheimer, 1816 and Craniophora Snellen, 1867 from China with notes on synonymy and checklist (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae: Acronictinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="3E046421F9D526C9DD4D68EDCFAAEA2C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B6BDCABA17B092344D46202A32ABE946">
<mods:roleTerm id="BE135FBFEB4AE4DA14E2B6B9D3E0C33D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5C5E3CAE8DE9D917B03FA260ADFB18D2">Han, H. L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F45AB6009A021ABE51058AAE737A6380">School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, CH- 150014 China. E-mail: hanhuilin @ yahoo. com. cn</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="F927926F1594B81C04C08343F44D1EC4" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C24D50095FB46328EDFC566E4A347F2D">
<mods:roleTerm id="D6018A933B999731E2F369AFF1CA7EA7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0132C50444D02F9778119804FB76C1BE">Kononenko, V. S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3C368E1831693C6C57A33830ECB9DDBB">Laboratory of Entomology, Institute of Biology and Soil Science Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, RF- 690022 Vladivostok, Russia. E-mail: kononenko @ ibss. dvo. ru</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="AA0B3635483AE9FFCB696748BF9CD3DA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="F79013315A9120B587EE9A3AAB2C2A01" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="FF299CB161ED1AB71CD36B2A0549E5B8">
<mods:title id="DCA9822A9B9E8D41E87191C39B3ED240">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="8C7C39BF9D612BB61089F7E553D4E711">
<mods:date id="C8716D8267513ABECCDEE64ACAEA581B">2010</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="13931ADBE8CFA20343E7570EDBBFD590" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="CDEE2E16C72B6B59550D9635BC6EC51E">2010-11-17</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="B84CE2577643E676EF0F7A8E6251CAC9" type="volume">
<mods:number id="8721347EDC4CB872FC81ABA1644CCBDD">2678</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="034445ADCB89F6B7838D9B7A7536B2AE" type="issue">
<mods:number id="BE31A08A95A60D26515E1588DDD79E09">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="8EECF265DDE797856CE485D5133BD394" unit="page">
<mods:start id="E3BDEFDD9881869297D56659A355C092">48</mods:start>
<mods:end id="745ECAADD6ADE13B58169231371D90AD">68</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="0764D4B8985B32DF5EFF98E856BC66CC">
<mods:url id="CCDFAA8B5D9C3F9EA7188E36F1681014">https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2678.1.2</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="478C85DA9B14E8104C3A3CCB67FA1D95">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="DD1826B9861E3DEFF5481511FE6FAD51" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.2678.1.2</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="ED491893E66EAB93A1E5AB1125D4CF81" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BF02F623BC53B83DD1C618BE0553616A" type="Zenodo-Dep">5302352</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="5572A172FFA25B78FF2755D997299249" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5572A172FFA25B78FF2755D997299249" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5572A172FFA25B78FF2755D997299249" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">
<subSubSection id="95C143EFFFA25B78FF2755D9966D96C4" box="[151,811,151,177]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="DD641064FFA25B78FF2755D9966D96C4" blockId="16.[151,811,151,212]" box="[151,811,151,177]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">
<heading id="862CA708FFA25B78FF2755D9966D96C4" bold="true" box="[151,811,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" reason="1">
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FF2755D9966D96C4" bold="true" box="[151,811,151,177]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName id="1ADB6BE7FFA25B78FF2755D994D796C4" ID-CoL="92YRZ" authorityName="Schiffermuller" authorityYear="1776" box="[151,401,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Craniophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ligustri">
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FF2755D994D796C4" bold="true" box="[151,401,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Craniophora ligustri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
([Denis &amp; Schiffermüller], 1775)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="95C143EFFFA25B78FF2755F496BB97EA" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" type="description">
<paragraph id="DD641064FFA25B78FF2755F4942696A1" blockId="16.[151,811,151,212]" box="[151,352,186,212]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">
(
<figureCitation id="45E00CE1FFA25B78FF2F55F4944796A1" box="[159,257,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–16" captionStartId="10.[151,269,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1845]" captionTargetId="figure-109@10.[151,1436,309,1868]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 11–16. Craniophora ssp., adults. 11. C. draudti, male, holotype (ZFMK); 12. C. tapaishana, male, lectotype (ZFMK); 13. C. simillima, lectotype (ZFMK); 14. C. pacifica, male Russia, Primorye (IBSS); 15. C. pacifica, female Russia, Primorye (IBSS); 16. C. ligustri, male Russia, Primorye (IBSS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5302358" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5302358/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Figs. 16</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="45E00CE1FFA25B78FEBE55F4941E96A1" box="[270,344,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURES 24–30" captionStartId="13.[151,269,1794,1818]" captionTargetBox="[166,1416,194,1771]" captionTargetId="figure-76@13.[151,1436,194,1773]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 24–30. Craniophora ssp., male and female genitalia. 25. C. pacifica, prep. 3010 VK (IBSS); 26. C. ligustri, prep. 1850 VK (ZFMK); 27. C. tapaishana, paralectotype, prep. 1867 VK (ZFMK); 28. C. simillima, prep. 1965 VK (ZFMK); 29. C. pacifica, Russia, Primorye, VK; 30. C. ligustri, N China, prep. HHL." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5302364" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5302364/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">26, 30</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DD641064FFA25B78FF27544B90DA9769" blockId="16.[151,1436,261,415]" box="[151,1436,261,284]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName id="1ADB6BE7FFA25B78FF27544B947C9769" authorityName="Denis &amp; Schiffermuller" authorityYear="1775" box="[151,314,261,284]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Noctua" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ligustri">
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FF27544B947C9769" box="[151,314,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Noctua ligustri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[Denis &amp; Schiffermüller], 1775,
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FD1D544B90369769" box="[685,1392,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Ankündung eines Systematisches Werkes von den Schmetterlinge</emphasis>
der
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DD641064FFA25B78FF77546B90DA970B" blockId="16.[151,1436,261,415]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FF77546B942A9749" box="[199,364,293,316]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Wiener Gegend</emphasis>
: 70 (Type-locality: [
<collectingCountry id="A5CC50F4FFA25B78FDF6546B97DA9749" box="[582,668,293,316]" name="Austria" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Austria</collectingCountry>
],
<collectingRegion id="1F1FDE86FFA25B78FD1E546B96169749" box="[686,848,293,316]" country="Austria" name="Wien" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Vienna district</collectingRegion>
]). Synonymy:
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FEA8540B94289729" box="[280,366,325,348]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">litterata</emphasis>
Panzer, 1804;
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FDBD540B972A9729" box="[525,620,325,348]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">coronula</emphasis>
Haworth, 1809;
<taxonomicName id="1ADB6BE7FFA25B78FC91540B91529729" authority="Draudt, 1937" authorityName="Draudt" authorityYear="1937" box="[801,1044,325,348]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rosa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gigantea">
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FC91540B96389729" box="[801,894,325,348]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">gigantea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B94A6D95FFA25B78FC34540B91529729" author="Draudt, M." box="[900,1044,325,348]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" pagination="373 - 401" refId="ref10284" refString="Draudt, M. (1937) Neue Agrotiden-Arten und Formen aus den Aubeuten von Herrn Dr. H. Hone, Shanghai. Entomologische Rundschau, 54 (30 - 32), 373 - 401." type="journal article" year="1937">Draudt, 1937</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FB90540B91E19729" box="[1056,1191,325,348]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">carbolucana</emphasis>
Hartig, 1968.
<taxonomicName id="1ADB6BE7FFA25B78FF2754299729970B" authority="Draudt, 1937" authorityName="Draudt" authorityYear="1937" box="[151,623,359,382]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Craniophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ligustri" subSpecies="gigantea">
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FF275429949C970B" box="[151,474,359,382]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Craniophora ligustri gigantea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B94A6D95FFA25B78FE5154299729970B" author="Draudt, M." box="[481,623,359,382]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" pagination="373 - 401" refId="ref10284" refString="Draudt, M. (1937) Neue Agrotiden-Arten und Formen aus den Aubeuten von Herrn Dr. H. Hone, Shanghai. Entomologische Rundschau, 54 (30 - 32), 373 - 401." type="journal article" year="1937">Draudt, 1937</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FDCC542996E2970B" box="[636,932,359,382]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Entomologische Rundschau</emphasis>
54(30–32): 375, illustrated in
<bibRefCitation id="B94A6D95FFA25B78FB5D54299030970B" author="Draudt, M." box="[1261,1398,359,382]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 174" refId="ref10322" refString="Draudt, M. (1950) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Agrotiden-Fauna Chinas aus den Ausbeuten Dr. H. Hone's. Mitteilungen der Munchener Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 40 (1), 1 - 174." type="journal article" year="1950">Draudt 1950</bibRefCitation>
, pl.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DD641064FFA25B78FF7754C696BB97EA" blockId="16.[151,1436,261,415]" box="[199,1021,392,415]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">
1, fig. 10.
<typeStatus id="0260AEC6FFA25B78FE8454C6942F97EA" box="[308,361,392,415]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Type</typeStatus>
material reported: &quot;Likiang Nord-Yuennan, im July, August&quot;.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="95C143EFFFA25B78FF27548396BF9587" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="DD641064FFA25B78FF27548396F29409" blockId="16.[151,1436,461,1084]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FF27548394DA9792" bold="true" box="[151,412,461,487]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="6DB31A39FFA25B78FE17548396F29409" collectingDate="1930-08-13" collectingDateMax="1934-10-11" collectingDateMin="1930-08-13" collectionCode="ZFMK" collectorName="H. Hone" county="Male" elevation="1700" location="Prov. Nord Yuennan" municipality="Non" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Shaanxi" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FE17548397759792" bold="true" box="[423,563,461,487]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">
<typeStatus id="0260AEC6FFA25B78FE17548397689792" box="[423,558,461,487]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingCounty id="340568E8FFA25B78FD8D5483973A9792" box="[573,636,461,487]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Male</collectingCounty>
<typeStatus id="0260AEC6FFA25B78FD37548397BD9792" box="[647,763,461,487]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
(designated herein to promote stability of the name, preserved in
<collectionCode id="BBCA88A1FFA25B78FE8754BC94CB9479" box="[311,397,498,524]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" type="Museum">ZFMK</collectionCode>
) with labels: &quot;
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FDF454BC91D5947E" box="[580,1171,498,523]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">
<typeStatus id="0260AEC6FFA25B78FDF454BC97F5947E" box="[580,691,498,523]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="1ADB6BE7FFA25B78FD0C54BC91D5947E" authority="Draudt" authorityName="Draudt" authorityYear="1937" box="[700,1171,498,523]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Craniophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ligustri" subSpecies="gigantea">Craniophora ligustri gigantea Draudt</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
female Tapaishan im Tsiling Sued-Shensi [
<collectingRegion id="1F1FDE86FFA25B78FE29575697449447" box="[409,514,536,562]" country="China" name="Shaanxi" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Shaanxi</collectingRegion>
], ca.
<quantity id="1A23BD81FFA25B78FDF2575697D39447" box="[578,661,536,562]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="1700.0">
<elevation id="56F6F757FFA25B78FDF2575697D39447" box="[578,661,536,562]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700m</elevation>
</quantity>
<date id="A96536A4FFA25B78FD2E575696039447" box="[670,837,536,562]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" value="1930-08-13">
<collectingDate id="B921CF4CFFA25B78FD2E575696039447" box="[670,837,536,562]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" value="1930-08-13">13. VIII 1930</collectingDate>
</date>
<collectorName id="702E75B2FFA25B78FCFD575696F29447" box="[845,948,536,562]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">H. Höne</collectorName>
/
<taxonomicName id="1ADB6BE7FFA25B78FC7D575690DA9444" authority="Draudt" authorityName="Draudt" authorityYear="1937" box="[973,1436,536,561]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Craniophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ligustri" subSpecies="gigantea">
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FC7D575690DA9444" box="[973,1436,536,561]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Craniophora ligustri gigantea Draudt</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
female&quot;. (male!).
<collectingMunicipality id="3D008A1EFFA25B78FEC0577394E49422" box="[368,418,573,599]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Non</collectingMunicipality>
type specimen:
<specimenCount id="CBDDDBEDFFA25B78FDD45773978D9422" box="[612,715,573,599]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
Likiang ca.
<quantity id="1A23BD81FFA25B78FCD0577396FC9422" box="[864,954,573,599]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="2000.0">
<elevation id="56F6F757FFA25B78FCD0577396FC9422" box="[864,954,573,599]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
<location id="D80446BFFFA25B78FC72577391F49422" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5572A172FFA25B78FF2755D997299249:D80446BFFFA25B78FC72577391F49422" box="[962,1202,573,599]" county="Male" municipality="Non" name="Prov. Nord Yuennan" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" stateProvince="Shaanxi">Prov. Nord Yuennan</location>
<date id="A96536A4FFA25B78FB0A577390769422" box="[1210,1328,573,599]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" value="1934-10-11">
<collectingDate id="B921CF4CFFA25B78FB0A577390769422" box="[1210,1328,573,599]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" value="1934-10-11">11.x 1934</collectingDate>
</date>
<collectorName id="702E75B2FFA25B78FA87577390DA9422" box="[1335,1436,573,599]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">H. Höne</collectorName>
(misidentified specimen of
<taxonomicName id="1ADB6BE7FFA25B78FE68572C96F79409" authority="(Pojuade, 1898)" baseAuthorityName="Pojuade" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[472,945,610,636]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Craniophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="harmandi">
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FE68572C97AD940E" box="[472,747,610,635]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Craniophora harmandi</emphasis>
(Pojuade, 1898)
</taxonomicName>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DD641064FFA25B78FF7557C994149529" blockId="16.[151,1436,461,1084]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FF7557C9945494D4" bold="true" box="[197,274,647,673]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Notes.</emphasis>
The specimen indicated as &quot;
<typeStatus id="0260AEC6FFA25B78FDED57C6979694D7" box="[605,720,648,674]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
, female&quot; by Draudt in fact is a male. This specimen later was illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="B94A6D95FFA25B78FE8F57E394A994B2" author="Draudt, M." box="[319,495,685,711]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 174" refId="ref10322" refString="Draudt, M. (1950) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Agrotiden-Fauna Chinas aus den Ausbeuten Dr. H. Hone's. Mitteilungen der Munchener Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 40 (1), 1 - 174." type="journal article" year="1950">Draudt (1950)</bibRefCitation>
. The label data of the “
<typeStatus id="0260AEC6FFA25B78FCBA57E3963F94B2" box="[778,889,685,711]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
” does not correspond with the locality in the original description. However we select this specimen as
<typeStatus id="0260AEC6FFA25B78FC39579C91459499" box="[905,1027,722,748]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
, following Draudt’s indication. Comparison of the male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="1ADB6BE7FFA25B78FDF457B6966E9564" authorityName="Draudt" authorityYear="1937" box="[580,808,760,785]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Craniophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ligustri" subSpecies="gigantea">
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FDF457B6966E9564" box="[580,808,760,785]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">C. ligustri gigantea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with European and Japanese specimens of
<taxonomicName id="1ADB6BE7FFA25B78FA9557B690DA9564" authorityName="Schiffermuller" authorityYear="1776" box="[1317,1436,760,785]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Craniophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ligustri">
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FA9557B690DA9564" box="[1317,1436,760,785]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">C. ligustri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shows they are conspecific. The other specimen, collected in Likiang on October 11 is a misidentified female of
<taxonomicName id="1ADB6BE7FFA25B78FF06560C940D952E" baseAuthorityName="Pojuade" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[182,331,834,859]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Craniophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="harmandi">
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FF06560C940D952E" box="[182,331,834,859]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">C. harmandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DD641064FFA25B78FF75562996BF9587" blockId="16.[151,1436,461,1084]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FF755629940995F4" bold="true" box="[197,335,871,897]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Bionomics.</emphasis>
Mesophilous species, common in wet lowland deciduous and mixed forest where
<taxonomicName id="1ADB6BE7FFA25B78FA9A562690D395F4" box="[1322,1429,872,897]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Fraxinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FA9A562690D395F4" box="[1322,1429,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Fraxinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="1ADB6BE7FFA25B78FF2756C3945595D3" box="[151,275,909,934]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Ligustrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FF2756C3945595D3" box="[151,275,909,934]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Ligustrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="1ADB6BE7FFA25B78FEFF56C394EB95D3" box="[335,429,909,934]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Syringa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FEFF56C394EB95D3" box="[335,429,909,934]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Syringa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are abundant. Univoltine, bivoltine in warm years. The moth flies from
<collectionCode id="BBCA88A1FFA25B78FA9256C3907195D2" box="[1314,1335,909,935]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
to VIII. Larvae feed mainly on
<taxonomicName id="1ADB6BE7FFA25B78FE1A56FC976595BE" box="[426,547,946,971]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Ligustrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FE1A56FC976595BE" box="[426,547,946,971]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Ligustrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="1ADB6BE7FFA25B78FD8256FC97CB95BE" box="[562,653,946,971]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Syringa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FD8256FC97CB95BE" box="[562,653,946,971]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Syringa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="1ADB6BE7FFA25B78FD2D56FC96D495B9" box="[669,914,946,972]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Fraxinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FD2D56FC964195BE" box="[669,775,946,971]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Fraxinus</emphasis>
(Oleaceae)
</taxonomicName>
; mature larvae recorded also on
<taxonomicName id="1ADB6BE7FFA25B78FAA456FC90DE95B9" authorityName="S.F.Gray" authorityYear="1822" box="[1300,1432,946,972]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Betulaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="1ADB6BE7FFA25B78FF27569694589587" authorityName="de Mirbel" authorityYear="1815" box="[151,286,984,1010]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Corylaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Corylaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="1ADB6BE7FFA25B78FE99569694E09587" box="[297,422,984,1010]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aceraceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Aceraceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="1ADB6BE7FFA25B78FE02569697129587" box="[434,596,984,1010]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Elaeagnaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Elaeagnaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="1ADB6BE7FFA25B78FDD0569697B09587" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1820" box="[608,758,984,1010]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Viburnaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Viburnaceae</taxonomicName>
. Overwinters as pupa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="95C143EFFFA25B78FF7556B397299249" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="DD641064FFA25B78FF7556B397299249" blockId="16.[151,1436,461,1084]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="EFAFCC76FFA25B78FF7556B394369262" bold="true" box="[197,368,1021,1047]" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Distribution.</emphasis>
Europe, Near East, Caucasus and Transcaucasia, European
<collectingCountry id="A5CC50F4FFA25B78FBF256B391D29262" box="[1090,1172,1021,1047]" name="Russia" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Russia</collectingCountry>
, Far East, to
<collectingRegion id="1F1FDE86FFA25B78FA8456B390DA9262" box="[1332,1436,1021,1047]" country="Russia" name="Sakhalin" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Sakhalin</collectingRegion>
and Primorye terr.,
<collectingCountry id="A5CC50F4FFA25B78FECA516C94859249" box="[378,451,1058,1084]" name="China" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="A5CC50F4FFA25B78FE7E516C975F9249" box="[462,537,1058,1084]" name="South Korea" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="A5CC50F4FFA25B78FD95516C972D9249" box="[549,619,1058,1084]" name="Japan" pageId="16" pageNumber="64">Japan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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