250 lines
31 KiB
XML
250 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="0E479F8B3D4225FC7BB63AB19682241A" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.203208" ID-GBIF-Dataset="85473c5c-8506-4915-9dd9-0317382ba608" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="203208" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460297531016" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kits, Joel H. & Marshall, Stephen A." docDate="2011" docId="5562879BFFC6FFC5EAA4F9CBB280F8C0" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02863p034.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2863" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Frutillaria stenoptera Richards" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="22" masterDocId="A95BFFE3FFD2FFD0EA33FF81B066FFB0" masterDocTitle="A revision of Frutillaria Richards and Penola Richards (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae: Archiborborinae)" masterLastPageNumber="34" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="21" updateTime="1698252249425" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="5F0BCE9A76D6A9C1439E5A40EE404AF4" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="137A9337B3F4C7AA1107786B91A5C429">
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<mods:title id="12324A44C40533523E315316D24096E3">A revision of Frutillaria Richards and Penola Richards (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae: Archiborborinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="42C7ACFBA81526EF4893E61DB8ECA2DC" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="FFB2C56C79D4FA392051D544171CFDA2">
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<mods:roleTerm id="67751F666AC1D9F77C02D271D375A088">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E48B84A442AE9009C0BDDECA43511A00">Kits, Joel H.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="DA7A9C9CA47FC970B87FB2351CABA832" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="0C4D7D51167A52EEC86B6E2880EF6099">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="1BEA61DA319F2FB0255C063ECB30C896">Marshall, Stephen A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="77382F5728EE78DAFFD3A4DE17EF8418">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="73C5C3F58C417117DAD24F3FEA910EF9">
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<mods:title id="69D9531170A234AF67EB08C4A28FD390">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="45C7E957B3F59A18BBCF51ECFD3A7F64">
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<mods:date id="96D7F148BE6FD035FCFFB72DD35519BC">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="953AAD5052D311CAD92CC20D3CF1FC6E" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="5B616EF300727671B0505CCBE381C905">2863</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="6E45D8E52375B67BB957BC8949072A56">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="244A4A8974E13320A54AD2F7008E4012">34</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="76912C138ADA2CD8105218802736FC3B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="6FAD2D1CB4E2E94C25AA449DF5893798" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.203208</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="AA0CE6C3DD1AB78A479C6136E1DC793E" type="GBIF-Dataset">85473c5c-8506-4915-9dd9-0317382ba608</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6C4371808FEA47A4CB965637053EC684" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4006797B2EB5198DAA95FCEA021BDFDA" type="Zenodo-Dep">203208</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="5562879BFFC6FFC5EAA4F9CBB280F8C0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6191623" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119399309" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6191623" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5562879BFFC6FFC5EAA4F9CBB280F8C0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5562879BFFC6FFC5EAA4F9CBB280F8C0" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<subSubSection id="95D16506FFC6FFC4EAA4F9CBB185F935" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="DD74368DFFC6FFC4EAA4F9CBB270F9D4" blockId="20.[151,534,1610,1669]" box="[151,534,1610,1636]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<heading id="863C81E1FFC6FFC4EAA4F9CBB270F9D4" bold="true" box="[151,534,1610,1636]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="1ACB4D0EFFC6FFC4EAA4F9CBB270F9D4" ID-CoL="6JQKJ" authority="Richards" authorityName="Richards" box="[151,534,1610,1636]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Frutillaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stenoptera">
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<emphasis id="EFBFEA9FFFC6FFC4EAA4F9CBB270F9D4" bold="true" box="[151,534,1610,1636]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis id="EFBFEA9FFFC6FFC4EAA4F9CBB1FAF9D4" bold="true" box="[151,412,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Frutillaria stenoptera</emphasis>
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Richards
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DD74368DFFC6FFC4EAA4F9ECB185F935" blockId="20.[151,534,1610,1669]" box="[151,483,1645,1669]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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(
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<figureCitation id="45F02A08FFC6FFC4EAACF9ECB141F935" box="[159,295,1645,1669]" captionStart="FIGURES 40 – 46" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1446,1469]" captionTargetBox="[155,1419,352,1411]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,339,1425]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 40 – 46. Frutillaria male genitalia. F. r i c h a rd s i: (40) cerci and surstylus, posterior view, (41) surstylus, anterior view, (42) phallus and postgonite, lateral view; F. s t e n o p t e r a: (43) cerci and surstylus, posterior view, (44) surstylus, anterior view, (45) phallus, lateral view (phallapodeme omitted), (46) postgonite, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203215/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs. 43–46</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="45F02A08FFC6FFC4EB01F9ECB1C2F935" box="[306,420,1645,1669]" captionStart="FIGURES 86 – 94" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1280,1303]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,194,1259]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,193,1259]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 86 – 94. Frutillaria female terminalia. F. stenoptera: (86) tergite 8, epiproct, cerci, (87) sternite 8, hypoproct,; F. tenuiforceps: (88) tergite 8, epiproct, cerci, (89) sternite 8; F. transversa: (90) tergite 8, epiproct, cerci, (91) sternite 8, hypoproct. Spermathecae: (92) F. s t e n o p t e r a, (93) F. tenuiforceps, (94) F. transversa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203221/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">86, 87, 92</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="45F02A08FFC6FFC4EB83F9ECB1BCF935" box="[432,474,1645,1669]" captionStart="FIGURES 108 – 115" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1747,1770]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,591,1724]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,591,1725]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 108 – 115. Frutillaria and Penola distribution maps. (108) F. abdita, F. f u rc a t a, F. tenuiforceps, F. triangularis; (109) F. anticura, F. chepuensis, F. glabra, P. eudyptidis; (110) F. c o n t u l m o, F. calceata, F. chiloensis, F. propinqua; (111) F. calida; (112) F. edenensis; (113) F. k u s c h e l i, F. r i c ha rds i; (114) F. stenoptera; (115) F. transversa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203224/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">114</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="95D16506FFC6FFC4EAA4F934B25CF97B" box="[151,570,1717,1739]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="DD74368DFFC6FFC4EAA4F934B25CF97B" blockId="20.[151,570,1717,1739]" box="[151,570,1717,1739]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="FDDB11A3FFC6FFC4EAA4F934B25CF97B" box="[151,570,1717,1739]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<taxonomicName id="1ACB4D0EFFC6FFC4EAA4F934B25CF97B" ID-CoL="6JQKJ" authority="Richards, 1961: 67" authorityName="Richards" authorityPageNumber="67" authorityYear="1961" box="[151,570,1717,1739]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Frutillaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stenoptera">
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<emphasis id="EFBFEA9FFFC6FFC4EAA4F934B112F97B" box="[151,372,1717,1739]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Frutillaria stenoptera</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="5C6A109CFFC6FFC4EB48F934B25CF97B" author="Richards" box="[379,570,1717,1739]" page="67" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1961">
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<bibRefCitation id="B95A4B7CFFC6FFC4EB48F934B271F97B" author="Richards" box="[379,535,1717,1739]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refString="Richards, O. W. (1961) Diptera (Sphaeroceridae) from south Chile. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London Series B, 30, 57 - 68." type="journal article" year="1961">Richards, 1961</bibRefCitation>
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: 67
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="95D16506FFC6FFC5EAA4F976B238FC87" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
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<paragraph id="DD74368DFFC6FFC4EAA4F976B328F8A0" blockId="20.[151,1437,1783,2024]" box="[151,846,1783,1808]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis id="EFBFEA9FFFC6FFC4EAA4F976B14FF8A0" bold="true" box="[151,297,1783,1808]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Description.</emphasis>
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Length 1.8–2.3 mm (head + thorax 0.8–1.0 mm)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DD74368DFFC6FFC4EAF4F89DB080F8CC" blockId="20.[151,1437,1783,2024]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Occiput black, face orange to brown, gena and frons intermediately coloured. Frons with shiny spots lateral to ocellar triangle. Scape and first flagellomere orange, pedicel dark brown. Clypeus mostly yellow, prementum dark brown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DD74368DFFC6FFC5EAF4F809B396FF64" blockId="20.[151,1437,1783,2024]" lastBlockId="21.[151,1437,151,1905]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Thorax black, postalar callus may be slightly reddish, wing rudiment brown. Mesoscutum and scutellum entirely covered with microtomentum. Anepisternum mostly shiny, anterior and posterior margins and part of dorsal margin with microtomentum. Katepisternum with a shiny spot behind coxa, not extending toward bristle; posterior part below bristle, meron and metapleuron shiny with exception of a stripe of microtomentum between posterior thoracic spiracle and base of hind coxa. Laterotergite mostly shiny.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DD74368DFFC7FFC5EAF4FF61B2DAFEAC" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1905]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Legs black, joints narrowly orange, tarsi and trochanters orange, fore coxa black; fore femur with a bare patch posteriorly. Mid femur with 2–3 anterior bristles.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DD74368DFFC7FFC5EAF4FEA6B1A4FDEF" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1905]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<collectingCountry id="A5DC761DFFC7FFC5EAF4FEA6B167FE8F" box="[199,257,295,319]" name="Malta" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Male</collectingCountry>
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abdomen (
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<figureCitation id="45F02A08FFC7FFC5EBB3FEA6B26AFE8F" box="[384,524,295,319]" captionStart="FIGURES 40 – 46" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1446,1469]" captionTargetBox="[155,1419,352,1411]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,339,1425]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 40 – 46. Frutillaria male genitalia. F. r i c h a rd s i: (40) cerci and surstylus, posterior view, (41) surstylus, anterior view, (42) phallus and postgonite, lateral view; F. s t e n o p t e r a: (43) cerci and surstylus, posterior view, (44) surstylus, anterior view, (45) phallus, lateral view (phallapodeme omitted), (46) postgonite, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203215/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs. 43–46</figureCitation>
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): Tergites 1–5 covered with microtomentum, shiny along margins. Sternites 2–5 shiny. A ring-shaped sclerite present on right side between segment 5 and the epandrium. Surstylus with a broad basal part and narrow inner arm; outer corner broadly produced, inner arm somewhat clubbed at tip; in posterior view, inner arm appears to be projecting ventrally and clearly separate from lateral edge of surstylus. Postgonite bilobed, anterior lobe short and feebly bilobed again, posterior lobe long. Epiphallus moderately developed, laterally broadened; preepiphallus well-developed. Distiphallus with lateral arms extending broadly from ventral sclerite, narrow at tip and barely projecting past central projecting sclerite; apicoventral discs present, slightly asymmetrical; central projecting sclerite with dorsally-oriented teeth; ventral sacs rigid, somewhat sclerotized, extending perpendicularly.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DD74368DFFC7FFC5EAF4FDEDB238FC87" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1905]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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Female abdomen (
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<figureCitation id="45F02A08FFC7FFC5EBABFDEDB228FD34" box="[408,590,620,644]" captionStart="FIGURES 86 – 94" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1280,1303]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,194,1259]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,193,1259]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 86 – 94. Frutillaria female terminalia. F. stenoptera: (86) tergite 8, epiproct, cerci, (87) sternite 8, hypoproct,; F. tenuiforceps: (88) tergite 8, epiproct, cerci, (89) sternite 8; F. transversa: (90) tergite 8, epiproct, cerci, (91) sternite 8, hypoproct. Spermathecae: (92) F. s t e n o p t e r a, (93) F. tenuiforceps, (94) F. transversa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203221/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs. 86, 87, 92</figureCitation>
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): Tergites 1–5 mostly covered with microtomentum, margins shiny. Sternites 2–4 shiny, sternite 5 mostly shiny with some sparse microtomentum. Tergite 6 and sternite 6 mostly microtomentose. Tergite 8 complete, with about 8 setae along posterior margin; mostly shiny, some microtomentum along posterior margin. Epiproct parallel-sided with long anterior arms. Sclerites of sternite 8 long and rectangular; hypoproct with 2 weakly sclerotized lateral disks. Spermathecae with long, mushroom-shaped apical invagination, short basal invagination, both annulated.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="95D16506FFC7FFC5EAF4FCC5B17AFAC7" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="DD74368DFFC7FFC5EAF4FCC5B247FCCF" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1905]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis id="EFBFEA9FFFC7FFC5EAF4FCC5B110FCEC" bold="true" box="[199,374,835,860]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<typeStatus id="0270882FFFC7FFC5EAF4FCC5B166FCEC" box="[199,256,836,860]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Type</typeStatus>
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material.
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</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="0270882FFFC7FFC5EBB2FCC5B18FFCEC" box="[385,489,836,860]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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3:
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<collectingCountry id="A5DC761DFFC7FFC5E828FCC5B214FCEC" box="[539,626,836,860]" name="Chile" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">CHILE</collectingCountry>
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: [
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<emphasis id="EFBFEA9FFFC7FFC5E8BBFCC5B369FCEC" bold="true" box="[648,783,836,860]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Los Lagos:</emphasis>
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] Llanquihue Prov., Frutillar,
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<geoCoordinate id="B8FF504AFFC7FFC5EE50FCC5B4A1FCEC" box="[1123,1223,836,860]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="925" value="-41.2">41º12’ S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<date id="A975104DFFC7FFC5EEE4FCC5B50AFCEC" box="[1239,1388,836,860]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1954-09-12">12 Sep 1954</date>
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, [G. Kuschel] (
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<collectionCode id="BBDAAE48FFC7FFC5EB38FCE6B106FCCF" box="[267,352,871,895]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mqd5-c2qe" name="Universidad de Chile" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">MEUC</collectionCode>
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, apparently lost).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DD74368DFFC7FFC5EAF4FC0AB17AFAC7" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1905]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFBFEA9FFFC7FFC5EAF4FC0AB19AFC14" bold="true" box="[199,508,907,932]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Other material examined.</emphasis>
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||
<collectingCountry id="A5DC761DFFC7FFC5E830FC0DB2CDFC14" box="[515,683,908,932]" name="Argentina" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">ARGENTINA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
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<emphasis id="EFBFEA9FFFC7FFC5E887FC0AB34FFC14" bold="true" box="[692,809,907,932]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Neuquén:</emphasis>
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Lanín Natl. Pk., rd. between Pucara and Lago Venados,
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<date id="A975104DFFC7FFC5EAA4FC2EB168FC78" box="[151,270,943,968]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1924-01-25">24–25 Jan</date>
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, 1972, L. Herman (1 3, 1 Ƥ,
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<collectionCode id="BBDAAE48FFC7FFC5E85DFC2EB2AFFC77" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[622,713,943,967]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">AMNH</collectionCode>
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).
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<collectingCountry id="A5DC761DFFC7FFC5E8EDFC2EB353FC77" box="[734,821,943,967]" name="Chile" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">CHILE</collectingCountry>
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||
:
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<emphasis id="EFBFEA9FFFC7FFC5E972FC31B3A1FC78" bold="true" box="[833,967,944,968]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Los Lagos:</emphasis>
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Vicente Pérez Rosales Natl. Pk., Volcán Osorno rd.,
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<geoCoordinate id="B8FF504AFFC7FFC5EB2EFC55B11FFC5C" box="[285,377,980,1004]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="925" value="-41.166668">41°10’S</geoCoordinate>
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||
<geoCoordinate id="B8FF504AFFC7FFC5EBB3FC55B184FC5C" box="[384,482,980,1004]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="925" value="-72.51667">72°31'W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="1A339B68FFC7FFC5EBDDFC55B257FC5C" box="[494,561,980,1004]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="300.0">300m</quantity>
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, dung pans,
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<date id="A975104DFFC7FFC5E88EFC55B327FC5C" box="[701,833,980,1004]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2008-12-02">2 Dec 2008</date>
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, Kits &
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<collectingCountry id="A5DC761DFFC7FFC5E9ACFC55B464FC5C" box="[927,1026,980,1004]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Marshall</collectingCountry>
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||
(
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<date id="A975104DFFC7FFC5EE21FC55B412FC5C" box="[1042,1140,980,1004]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2010-11-03">11 3, 10</date>
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Ƥ,
|
||
<collectionCode id="BBDAAE48FFC7FFC5EEADFC55B489FC5C" box="[1182,1263,980,1004]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yhs7-n61d" name="Ontario Insect Collection, University of Guelph" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">DEBU</collectionCode>
|
||
), same data but carrion pans (9 3, 3 Ƥ,
|
||
<collectionCode id="BBDAAE48FFC7FFC5EB93FC76B197FBBF" box="[416,497,1015,1039]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yhs7-n61d" name="Ontario Insect Collection, University of Guelph" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">DEBU</collectionCode>
|
||
); Puyehue Natl. Pk.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1ACB4D0EFFC7FFC5E8EEFC76B324FBBF" box="[733,834,1015,1039]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Frutillaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anticura">Anticura</taxonomicName>
|
||
, tr. to Mirador El Puma,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B8FF504AFFC7FFC5EE64FC76B4B0FBBF" box="[1111,1238,1015,1039]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="9" value="-40.6725">40°40.35’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B8FF504AFFC7FFC5EEEFFC76B500FBBF" box="[1244,1382,1015,1039]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="9" value="-72.16967">72°10.18’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="1A339B68FFC7FFC5EF41FC76B0C9FB84" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
|
||
, carrion pans,
|
||
<date id="A975104DFFC7FFC5EB60FB9DB192FB84" box="[339,500,1052,1076]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2008-12-03" valueMax="2008-12-05" valueMin="2008-12-03">3–5 Dec 2008</date>
|
||
, Kits &
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A5DC761DFFC7FFC5E860FB9DB2D0FB84" box="[595,694,1052,1076]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Marshall</collectingCountry>
|
||
(2 3,
|
||
<collectionCode id="BBDAAE48FFC7FFC5E8CCFB9DB336FB84" box="[767,848,1052,1076]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yhs7-n61d" name="Ontario Insect Collection, University of Guelph" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">DEBU</collectionCode>
|
||
), same data but stream, dung pans,
|
||
<date id="A975104DFFC7FFC5EEECFB9DB51BFB84" box="[1247,1405,1052,1076]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2008-12-04" valueMax="2008-12-05" valueMin="2008-12-04">4–5 Dec 2008</date>
|
||
(3 3,
|
||
<collectionCode id="BBDAAE48FFC7FFC5EA88FBBEB16AFBE7" box="[187,268,1087,1111]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yhs7-n61d" name="Ontario Insect Collection, University of Guelph" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">DEBU</collectionCode>
|
||
); Puyehue Natl. Pk., Ruta 215, km
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B8FF504AFFC7FFC5E8ADFBBEB2BDFBE7" box="[670,731,1087,1111]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="5555" value="4.5">4.5 E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
of Aduana station,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B8FF504AFFC7FFC5E98FFBBEB45DFBE7" box="[956,1083,1087,1111]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="15" value="-40.670555">40°40'14"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B8FF504AFFC7FFC5EE70FBBEB4ABFBE7" box="[1091,1229,1087,1111]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="15" value="-72.086945">72°05'13"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="1A339B68FFC7FFC5EEE9FBBEB542FBE7" box="[1242,1316,1087,1111]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="580.0">580 m</quantity>
|
||
, Valdivian rainforest,
|
||
<collectionCode id="BBDAAE48FFC7FFC5EB3CFBE5B104FBCC" box="[271,354,1124,1148]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">FMHD</collectionCode>
|
||
#2002-090, berlese, leaf & log litter,
|
||
<date id="A975104DFFC7FFC5E8C8FBE5B3EAFBCC" box="[763,908,1124,1148]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2002-12-19">19 Dec 2002</date>
|
||
, Thayer et al. (1 3,
|
||
<collectionCode id="BBDAAE48FFC7FFC5EE5BFBE5B4D8FBCC" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" box="[1128,1214,1124,1148]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">FMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
); Puaucho (15.1 km W),
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B8FF504AFFC7FFC5EAFAFB06B12EFB2F" box="[201,328,1159,1183]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="15" value="-40.583332">40°35'00"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B8FF504AFFC7FFC5EB7CFB06B1BEFB2F" box="[335,472,1159,1183]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="15" value="-73.628334">73°37'42"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="1A339B68FFC7FFC5EBD7FB06B279FB2F" box="[484,543,1159,1183]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</quantity>
|
||
, Valdivian rainforest remnant in sm. ravine, w/large ferns,
|
||
<collectionCode id="BBDAAE48FFC7FFC5EE80FB06B561FB2F" box="[1203,1287,1159,1183]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">FMHD</collectionCode>
|
||
#96-249, berlese, litter under large ferns,
|
||
<date id="A975104DFFC7FFC5EBE4FB2DB201FB74" box="[471,615,1196,1220]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1996-12-30">30 Dec 1996</date>
|
||
, A.F. Newton & M.K. Thayer (2 Ƥ,
|
||
<collectionCode id="BBDAAE48FFC7FFC5E9CDFB2DB432FB74" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" box="[1022,1108,1196,1220]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">FMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<emphasis id="EFBFEA9FFFC7FFC5EE54FB2AB489FB74" bold="true" box="[1127,1263,1195,1220]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Araucanía:</emphasis>
|
||
Chacamo, NW Nueva Imperial,
|
||
<quantity id="1A339B68FFC7FFC5EB60FB4EB1B2FB57" box="[339,468,1231,1255]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="650.0" valueMax="700.0" valueMin="600.0">600–700 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="A975104DFFC7FFC5EBECFB4EB2F0FB57" box="[479,662,1231,1255]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1981-02-17" valueMax="1981-02-23" valueMin="1981-02-17">17–23 Feb 1981</date>
|
||
, L. Peña (1 3,
|
||
<collectionCode id="BBDAAE48FFC7FFC5E90DFB4EB3F2FB57" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[830,916,1231,1255]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
); Purén,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1ACB4D0EFFC7FFC5E9C5FB4EB400FB57" box="[1014,1126,1231,1255]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Frutillaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="contulmo" status="sp. nov.">Contulmo</taxonomicName>
|
||
Natur. Mon.,
|
||
<quantity id="1A339B68FFC7FFC5EF31FB4EB52DFB57" box="[1282,1355,1231,1255]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="350.0">350 m</quantity>
|
||
, mixed forest litter,
|
||
<collectionCode id="BBDAAE48FFC7FFC5EB2DFB75B113FABC" box="[286,373,1268,1292]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">FMHD</collectionCode>
|
||
#85-1001, Berlese,
|
||
<date id="A975104DFFC7FFC5E87AFB75B2B1FABC" box="[585,727,1268,1292]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1985-02-13">13 Feb 1985</date>
|
||
, S. & J. Peck (10 3, 3 Ƥ,
|
||
<collectionCode id="BBDAAE48FFC7FFC5E9C6FB75B42DFABC" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" box="[1013,1099,1268,1292]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">FMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1ACB4D0EFFC7FFC5EE6EFB75B4ABFABC" box="[1117,1229,1268,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Frutillaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="contulmo" status="sp. nov.">Contulmo</taxonomicName>
|
||
Natur. Mon., Sendero Lemu Mau,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B8FF504AFFC7FFC5EB6AFA96B1BFFA9F" box="[345,473,1303,1327]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="15" value="-38.012222">38°00'44"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B8FF504AFFC7FFC5EBD3FA96B211FA9F" box="[480,631,1303,1327]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="15" value="-73.185555">073°11'08"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="1A339B68FFC7FFC5E8B1FA96B2ADFA9F" box="[642,715,1303,1327]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="410.0">410 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="EFBFEA9FFFC7FFC5E8E4FA99B4C1FA80" box="[727,1191,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1ACB4D0EFFC7FFC5E8E4FA99B3D2FA80" box="[727,948,1304,1328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="obliqua">Nothofagus obliqua</taxonomicName>
|
||
-Eucryphia cordifolia
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
++ w/ fern & bamboo understory,
|
||
<collectionCode id="BBDAAE48FFC7FFC5EB28FABDB108FAE4" box="[283,366,1340,1364]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">FMHD</collectionCode>
|
||
#2002-064, flood debris, small stream,
|
||
<date id="A975104DFFC7FFC5E914FABDB3CAFAE4" box="[807,940,1340,1364]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2002-12-08">8 Dec 2002</date>
|
||
, A.F. Newton & A.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A5DC761DFFC7FFC5EEB5FABDB4FAFAE4" box="[1158,1180,1340,1364]" name="Italy" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Solodovnikov (3 3, 2 Ƥ,
|
||
<collectionCode id="BBDAAE48FFC7FFC5EA89FADEB176FAC7" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" box="[186,272,1375,1399]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">FMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="95D16506FFC7FFC5EAF4FA02B280F8C0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="DD74368DFFC7FFC5EAF4FA02B116F897" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1905]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFBFEA9FFFC7FFC5EAF4FA02B129FA2C" bold="true" box="[199,335,1411,1436]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
Although there are no extant
|
||
<typeStatus id="0270882FFFC7FFC5E888FA04B28DFA2D" box="[699,747,1413,1437]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens of this species, the species we treat here as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1ACB4D0EFFC7FFC5EFB4FA04B16BFA70" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Frutillaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stenoptera">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFBFEA9FFFC7FFC5EFB4FA04B16BFA70" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">F. stenoptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a good match to the original description and illustration, and we are confident it is correctly identified. The following points support our identification of this species as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1ACB4D0EFFC7FFC5E958FA4CB39AFA54" box="[875,1020,1485,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Frutillaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stenoptera">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFBFEA9FFFC7FFC5E958FA4CB39AFA54" box="[875,1020,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">F. stenoptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: the illustration shows a species with 3 distal lobes on the distiphallus, all projecting to a similar degree: these presumably correspond to the pointed lateral arms (Richards’ “paraphalli”), the central projecting sclerite, and the ventroapical discs. The sclerotized and projecting ventral sacs of this species correspond to Richards’ “lateral wings of the aedeagus”, which are stated to be long and illustrated as projecting perpendicularly. The surstylus is stated to have the outer corner “angularly produced” and inner arm short and knobbed at tip; our specimens do not have the outer corner particularly angular, but this is influenced by viewing angle, and they match the illustration fairly well. The anterior lobe of the postgonites (Richards’ “anterior gonapophyses”) are not shown in the original illustration but Richards states they are “apparently reduced”; as this lobe is fairly short in this species, he may not have been able to see the shape in any detail in a partial dissection.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD74368DFFC7FFC5EAF4F8B5B280F8C0" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1905]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
This is the only species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1ACB4D0EFFC7FFC5EBCBF8B5B209F8FC" box="[504,623,1844,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Frutillaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFBFEA9FFFC7FFC5EBCBF8B5B209F8FC" box="[504,623,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Frutillaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
known to occur in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A5DC761DFFC7FFC5E97DF8B5B3A6F8FC" box="[846,960,1844,1868]" name="Argentina" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
, although additional species may occur in that country in moist forests near the Chilean border.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |