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<document id="D1E96D4597AF3A8250C536BCCACC699D" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.203208" ID-GBIF-Dataset="85473c5c-8506-4915-9dd9-0317382ba608" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="203208" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460297531016" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kits, Joel H. &amp; Marshall, Stephen A." docDate="2011" docId="5562879BFFC4FFC6EAA4FF16B1C9FA6D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02863p034.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2863" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Frutillaria tenuiforceps Richards" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="A95BFFE3FFD2FFD0EA33FF81B066FFB0" masterDocTitle="A revision of Frutillaria Richards and Penola Richards (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae: Archiborborinae)" masterLastPageNumber="34" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1698252249425" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="EBAC0737C2E3475D71AD3C2ED8BA14F3">A revision of Frutillaria Richards and Penola Richards (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae: Archiborborinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D2D80441E66D68ABB49013D381B88165">Kits, Joel H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5EE7007B08B47B7BE44DEF410AFBF83B">Marshall, Stephen A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="5660E49B233518B3D4D57AB96820FE35">2011</mods:date>
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<treatment id="5562879BFFC4FFC6EAA4FF16B1C9FA6D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6191625" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119399311" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6191625" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5562879BFFC4FFC6EAA4FF16B1C9FA6D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5562879BFFC4FFC6EAA4FF16B1C9FA6D" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<subSubSection id="95D16506FFC4FFC6EAA4FF16B199FF62" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="DD74368DFFC4FFC6EAA4FF16B248FF01" blockId="22.[151,558,151,210]" box="[151,558,151,177]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<heading id="863C81E1FFC4FFC6EAA4FF16B248FF01" bold="true" box="[151,558,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="1ACB4D0EFFC4FFC6EAA4FF16B248FF01" ID-CoL="6K2KJ" authority="Richards" authorityName="Richards" box="[151,558,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Frutillaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuiforceps">
<emphasis id="EFBFEA9FFFC4FFC6EAA4FF16B248FF01" bold="true" box="[151,558,151,177]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="EFBFEA9FFFC4FFC6EAA4FF16B1D3FF01" bold="true" box="[151,437,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Frutillaria tenuiforceps</emphasis>
Richards
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DD74368DFFC4FFC6EAA4FF3BB199FF62" blockId="22.[151,558,151,210]" box="[151,511,186,210]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
(
<figureCitation id="45F02A08FFC4FFC6EAACFF3BB08BFF62" box="[159,237,186,210]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 9" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,187,1655]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,686,1659]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1 9. Frutillaria adults, habitus: (1) F. tenuiforceps, Zapallar; (2) F. abdita paratype, Putú, Chile. Frutillaria male genitalia: F. abdita: (3) cerci and surstylus, posterior view, (4) surstylus, anterior view, (5) phallus, lateral view; F. anticura: (6) postgonite, lateral view, (7) cerci and surstylus, posterior view, (8) surstylus, anterior" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203209/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="45F02A08FFC4FFC6EAC9FF3BB125FF62" box="[250,323,186,210]" captionStart="FIGURES 47 52" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1303,1326]" captionTargetBox="[163,1426,202,1279]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,193,1282]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 47 52. Frutillaria male genitalia. F. tenuiforceps: (47) cerci and surstylus, posterior view, (48) surstylus, anterior view, (49) phallus and postgonite, lateral view; F. transversa: (50) phallus and postgonite, lateral view, (51) cerci and surstyli, posterior view, (52) surstylus, anterior view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203216/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">4749</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="45F02A08FFC4FFC6EB7DFF3BB1A6FF62" box="[334,448,186,210]" captionStart="FIGURES 86 94" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1280,1303]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,194,1259]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,193,1259]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 86 94. Frutillaria female terminalia. F. stenoptera: (86) tergite 8, epiproct, cerci, (87) sternite 8, hypoproct,; F. tenuiforceps: (88) tergite 8, epiproct, cerci, (89) sternite 8; F. transversa: (90) tergite 8, epiproct, cerci, (91) sternite 8, hypoproct. Spermathecae: (92) F. s t e n o p t e r a, (93) F. tenuiforceps, (94) F. transversa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203221/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">88, 89, 93</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="45F02A08FFC4FFC6EBFFFF3BB191FF62" box="[460,503,186,210]" captionStart="FIGURES 108 115" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1747,1770]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,591,1724]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,591,1725]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 108 115. Frutillaria and Penola distribution maps. (108) F. abdita, F. f u rc a t a, F. tenuiforceps, F. triangularis; (109) F. anticura, F. chepuensis, F. glabra, P. eudyptidis; (110) F. c o n t u l m o, F. calceata, F. chiloensis, F. propinqua; (111) F. calida; (112) F. edenensis; (113) F. k u s c h e l i, F. r i c ha rds i; (114) F. stenoptera; (115) F. transversa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203224/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">108</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="95D16506FFC4FFC6EAA4FE83B214FEA8" box="[151,626,258,280]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="DD74368DFFC4FFC6EAA4FE83B214FEA8" blockId="22.[151,626,258,280]" box="[151,626,258,280]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="FDDB11A3FFC4FFC6EAA4FE83B214FEA8" box="[151,626,258,280]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="1ACB4D0EFFC4FFC6EAA4FE83B22DFEA8" ID-CoL="6K2KJ" authority="Richards, 1964: 44" authorityName="Richards" authorityPageNumber="44" authorityYear="1964" box="[151,587,258,280]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Frutillaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuiforceps">
<emphasis id="EFBFEA9FFFC4FFC6EAA4FE83B1E3FEA8" box="[151,389,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Frutillaria tenuiforceps</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="5C6A109CFFC4FFC6EBBFFE83B22DFEA8" author="Richards" box="[396,587,258,280]" page="44" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" year="1964">
<bibRefCitation id="B95A4B7CFFC4FFC6EBBFFE83B24EFEA8" author="Richards" box="[396,552,258,280]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Richards, O. W. (1964) Three new species of Frutillaria Rich. (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae) from Chile. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London Series B, 33, 44 - 46." type="journal article" year="1964">Richards, 1964</bibRefCitation>
: 44
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
45
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="95D16506FFC4FFC6EAA4FEC4B118FBC5" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="description">
<paragraph id="DD74368DFFC4FFC6EAA4FEC4B328FEED" blockId="22.[151,1437,325,1501]" box="[151,846,325,350]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="EFBFEA9FFFC4FFC6EAA4FEC4B14FFEEE" bold="true" box="[151,297,325,350]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Description.</emphasis>
Length 1.82.3 mm (head + thorax 0.91.1 mm)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DD74368DFFC4FFC6EAF4FEE8B3E3FE15" blockId="22.[151,1437,325,1501]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Occiput brown, face and gena yellow, frons intermediately coloured. Frons with shiny spots lateral to ocellar triangle. Antennae orange. Clypeus and prementum mostly yellow.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DD74368DFFC4FFC6EAF4FE30B365FDE9" blockId="22.[151,1437,325,1501]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Thorax black, wing rudiment blackish. Mesoscutum and scutellum entirely covered with microtomentum. Anepisternum mostly shiny, posterior and dorsal margin with microtomentum. Katepisternum mostly microtomentose, with shiny spot behind coxa and often a separate spot between this and bristle. Posterior katepisternum, meron and metapleuron shiny with exception of a stripe of microtomentum between posterior thoracic spiracle and base of hind coxa. Laterotergite with a large ventral shiny spot.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DD74368DFFC4FFC6EAF4FDE7B096FD11" blockId="22.[151,1437,325,1501]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Legs dark brown to black, fore coxa, trochanters, and joints orange, tarsi brown. Mid femur with 2 anterior bristles.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DD74368DFFC4FFC6EAF4FD2CB5E8FC2D" blockId="22.[151,1437,325,1501]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<collectingCountry id="A5DC761DFFC4FFC6EAF4FD2CB167FD75" box="[199,257,685,709]" name="Malta" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Male</collectingCountry>
abdomen (
<figureCitation id="45F02A08FFC4FFC6EBB3FD2CB26AFD75" box="[384,524,685,709]" captionStart="FIGURES 47 52" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1303,1326]" captionTargetBox="[163,1426,202,1279]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,193,1282]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 47 52. Frutillaria male genitalia. F. tenuiforceps: (47) cerci and surstylus, posterior view, (48) surstylus, anterior view, (49) phallus and postgonite, lateral view; F. transversa: (50) phallus and postgonite, lateral view, (51) cerci and surstyli, posterior view, (52) surstylus, anterior view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203216/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Figs. 4749</figureCitation>
): Tergites 15 covered with microtomentum. Sternite 2 shiny, sternites 35 covered with microtomentum. A ring-shaped sclerite present on right side between segment 5 and the epandrium. Surstylus with wide basal part and narrow inner arm, outer corner angularly produced, with a ridge running along inner arm. Postgonite bilobed, both lobes long and pointed. Epiphallus and preepiphallus well-developed, epiphallus broadened laterally. Distiphallus very strongly sclerotized; lateral arms broad, flared and finely frilled at tip; central projecting sclerite very broad in lateral view, frilled and ridged but detail difficult to discern due to strong sclerotization, weakly attached to base of distiphallus; a distinct curved sclerite ventrally attached to base of lateral arms.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DD74368DFFC4FFC6EAF4FC28B118FBC5" blockId="22.[151,1437,325,1501]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Female abdomen (
<figureCitation id="45F02A08FFC4FFC6EBA9FC28B235FC71" box="[410,595,937,961]" captionStart="FIGURES 86 94" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1280,1303]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,194,1259]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,193,1259]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 86 94. Frutillaria female terminalia. F. stenoptera: (86) tergite 8, epiproct, cerci, (87) sternite 8, hypoproct,; F. tenuiforceps: (88) tergite 8, epiproct, cerci, (89) sternite 8; F. transversa: (90) tergite 8, epiproct, cerci, (91) sternite 8, hypoproct. Spermathecae: (92) F. s t e n o p t e r a, (93) F. tenuiforceps, (94) F. transversa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203221/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Figs. 88, 89, 93</figureCitation>
): Tergites 16 covered with microtomentum. Tergite 7 mostly shiny, with some microtomentum on posterior corners, tergite 8 mostly shiny, with some microtomentum apically. Sternite 2 shiny, sternites 36 covered with microtomentum, sternite 7 shiny on basal half, with microtomentum apically. Tergite 8 complete, epiproct narrowed anteriorly, with small divergent anterior arms. Sclerites of sternite 8 round, hypoproct not developed. Spermathecae with long, mushroom-shaped apical invagination, short basal invagination, both annulated.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="95D16506FFC4FFC6EAF4FB03B25CFAFD" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="DD74368DFFC4FFC6EAF4FB03B4A0FB0D" blockId="22.[151,1437,325,1501]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="EFBFEA9FFFC4FFC6EAF4FB03B11CFB2A" bold="true" box="[199,378,1153,1178]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<typeStatus id="0270882FFFC4FFC6EAF4FB03B164FB2A" box="[199,258,1154,1178]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="0270882FFFC4FFC6EBB4FB00B189FB29" box="[391,495,1153,1177]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
3:
<collectingCountry id="A5DC761DFFC4FFC6E816FB00B21AFB29" box="[549,636,1153,1177]" name="Chile" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">CHILE</collectingCountry>
: [
<emphasis id="EFBFEA9FFFC4FFC6E8A5FB00B37BFB2A" bold="true" box="[662,797,1153,1178]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Valparaíso:</emphasis>
] Aconcagua, Zapallar, about 33ºS,
<date id="A975104DFFC4FFC6EEF9FB00B50EFB29" box="[1226,1384,1153,1177]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1957-03-24">24 Mar 1957</date>
, [G. Kuschel] (
<collectionCode id="BBDAAE48FFC4FFC6EB38FB24B105FB0D" box="[267,355,1189,1213]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BMNH</collectionCode>
, apparently lost).
<typeStatus id="0270882FFFC4FFC6E818FB27B2FAFB0E" box="[555,668,1190,1214]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: same data as
<typeStatus id="0270882FFFC4FFC6E908FB24B3FBFB0D" box="[827,925,1189,1213]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<quantity id="1A339B68FFC4FFC6E99FFB24B3BCFB0D" box="[940,986,1189,1213]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
,
<collectionCode id="BBDAAE48FFC4FFC6E9D5FB27B45BFB0D" box="[998,1085,1190,1213]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BMNH</collectionCode>
, examined).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DD74368DFFC4FFC6EAF4FB48B25CFAFD" blockId="22.[151,1437,325,1501]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="EFBFEA9FFFC4FFC6EAF4FB48B266FB52" bold="true" box="[199,512,1225,1250]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Other material examined.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="A5DC761DFFC4FFC6E83BFB48B239FB51" box="[520,607,1225,1249]" name="Chile" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:
<emphasis id="EFBFEA9FFFC4FFC6E85FFB48B295FB52" bold="true" box="[620,755,1225,1250]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Valparaíso:</emphasis>
Zapallar, Quebrada el Tigre, above tennis club, dung pans,
<geoCoordinate id="B8FF504AFFC4FFC6EAA4FB6CB177FAB5" box="[151,273,1261,1285]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" precision="9" value="-32.552">32°33.12'S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="B8FF504AFFC4FFC6EB29FB6CB1C6FAB5" box="[282,416,1261,1285]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" precision="9" value="-71.44984">71°26.99'W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="1A339B68FFC4FFC6EB9FFB6CB191FAB5" box="[428,503,1261,1285]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
,
<date id="A975104DFFC4FFC6E837FB6CB2EDFAB5" box="[516,651,1261,1285]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="2008-12-09">9 Dec 2008</date>
, J.H. Kits &amp; S.A.
<collectingCountry id="A5DC761DFFC4FFC6E96EFB6CB3A6FAB5" box="[861,960,1261,1285]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Marshall</collectingCountry>
(5 3 6 Ƥ,
<collectionCode id="BBDAAE48FFC4FFC6EE72FB6CB4F5FAB5" box="[1089,1171,1261,1285]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yhs7-n61d" name="Ontario Insect Collection, University of Guelph" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">DEBU</collectionCode>
); Zapallar, Quebrada el Tigre, upper trail,
<geoCoordinate id="B8FF504AFFC4FFC6EB53FA90B1BDFA99" box="[352,475,1297,1321]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" precision="9" value="-32.561165">32°33.67'S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="B8FF504AFFC4FFC6EBD1FA90B201FA99" box="[482,615,1297,1321]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" precision="9" value="-71.445">71°26.70'W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="1A339B68FFC4FFC6E841FA90B2D3FA99" box="[626,693,1297,1321]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="250.0">250m</quantity>
,
<date id="A975104DFFC4FFC6E88CFA90B324FA99" box="[703,834,1297,1321]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="2008-12-09">9 Dec 2008</date>
, J.H. Kits &amp; S.A.
<collectingCountry id="A5DC761DFFC4FFC6EE3AFA90B40AFA99" box="[1033,1132,1297,1321]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Marshall</collectingCountry>
(4 Ƥ,
<collectionCode id="BBDAAE48FFC4FFC6EE81FA90B565FA99" box="[1202,1283,1297,1321]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yhs7-n61d" name="Ontario Insect Collection, University of Guelph" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">DEBU</collectionCode>
); Zapallar,
<date id="A975104DFFC4FFC6EFB3FA90B161FAFD" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1957-03-24">24 Mar 1957</date>
, G. Kuschel (3 Ƥ,
<collectionCode id="BBDAAE48FFC4FFC6EBE6FAB4B248FAFD" box="[469,558,1333,1357]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BMNH</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="95D16506FFC4FFC6EAF4FAD8B1C9FA6D" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="DD74368DFFC4FFC6EAF4FAD8B1C9FA6D" blockId="22.[151,1437,325,1501]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="EFBFEA9FFFC4FFC6EAF4FAD8B129FAC2" bold="true" box="[199,335,1369,1394]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Comments.</emphasis>
This species occurs further north than any known congener. The locality for the recently collected material, Quebrada el Tigre, is a relict forest with botanical affiliation to the temperate rainforest from much further south (
<bibRefCitation id="B95A4B7CFFC4FFC6EAD0FA20B261FA09" author="Perez" box="[227,519,1441,1465]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Perez, C. &amp; Villagran, C. (1985) Distribucion de abundancias de especies en bosques relictos de la zona mediterranea de Chile. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 58, 157 - 170." type="journal article" year="1985">Pérez and Villagrán 1985</bibRefCitation>
). Other relict forests in Chiles mediterranean zone may yet prove to hold this or other
<taxonomicName id="1ACB4D0EFFC4FFC6EAE4FA44B128FA6D" box="[215,334,1477,1501]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Frutillaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EFBFEA9FFFC4FFC6EAE4FA44B128FA6D" box="[215,334,1477,1501]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Frutillaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>