treatments-xml/data/55/59/23/555923DA3C515123AB7309395E9D3E71.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182225249" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-97-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BD026E15CD67FF99E01FF605FFF6FFEF" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1239255" ModsDocID="1314-2003-97-1" checkinTime="1524638383340" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Johnson, David M. &amp; Murray, Nancy A." docDate="2018" docId="555923DA3C515123AB7309395E9D3E71" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 97: 1-252" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 97" docPubDate="2018-04-24" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975" docTitle="Xylopia keniensis D. M. Johnson, Kew Bull. 72: 11: 10 – 12. 2017." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="BD026E15CD67FF99E01FF605FFF6FFEF" lastPageId="101" lastPageNumber="102" masterDocId="BD026E15CD67FF99E01FF605FFF6FFEF" masterDocTitle="A revision of Xylopia L. (Annonaceae): the species of Tropical Africa" masterLastPageNumber="252" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" updateTime="1643467003316" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A revision of Xylopia L. (Annonaceae): the species of Tropical Africa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Johnson, David M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany-Microbiology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, 43015, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Murray, Nancy A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany-Microbiology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, 43015, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">namurray@owu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2018-04-24</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>97</mods:number>
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>252</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-97-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">BD026E15CD67FF99E01FF605FFF6FFEF</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1239255</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182225249" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:555923DA3C515123AB7309395E9D3E71" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/555923DA3C515123AB7309395E9D3E71" lastPageId="101" lastPageNumber="102" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
<subSubSection pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
18. 
<taxonomicName LSID="555923DA-3C51-5123-AB73-09395E9D3E71" authority="D. M. Johnson, Kew Bull. 72: 11: 10 - 12. 2017." authorityName="D. M. Johnson, Kew Bull. 72: 11: 10 – 12. 2017." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia keniensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="keniensis">Xylopia keniensis D. M. Johnson, Kew Bull. 72:11: 10-12. 2017.</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Xylopia keniensis and X. tanganyikensis, with leaves of X. holtzii and X. longipetala for comparison. A Leaf of X. holtzii from Tanzania B Leaf of X. longipetala from Ghana C-E X. keniensis C Habit D Fruit E Inflorescence F-O X. tanganyikensis F Pedicel, sepals, and staminal cone G Base of inner petal, adaxial view H Base of outer petal, adaxial view I Flower, lateral view J Carpel K, L Habit M Stamen, abaxial view N Staminode, abaxial view O Fruit. A from Semsei 1718 (K) B from Jongkind &amp; Nieuwenhuis 2130 (WAG) C, D from Luke &amp; Robertson 2723 (MO) F-J, L-N from Nishida 57 (K) K, O from Abeid et al. 1028 (L). Reproduced with the permission of the Board of Trustees, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199113" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Fig. 28C-E</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<pageBreakToken pageId="100" pageNumber="101" start="start">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2009-12-30" collectorName="Q. Luke, P. Luke" country="KENYA" elevation="390" latitude="-4.2407" location="Shimba Hills" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="39.4218" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kwale District" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Kenya">KENYA</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion country="Kenya" name="Kwale">Kwale District</collectingRegion>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:555923DA3C515123AB7309395E9D3E71:B8D989B33A1D8161433CFF3B750AA505" country="KENYA" latitude="-4.2407" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="39.4218" name="Shimba Hills" stateProvince="Kwale District">Shimba Hills</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="4.2407" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-4.2407">4.2407°S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="39.4218" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="39.4218">39.4218°E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" unit="m" value="390.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" unit="m" value="390.0">390 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="2009-12-30">30 Dec 2009</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<collectorName>Q. Luke</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName>P. Luke</collectorName>
13949
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
EA!; isotypes BR, K! MO! [6467367, 6569824], NHT, PRE,
</materialsCitation>
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="101" lastPageNumber="102" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="101" lastPageNumber="102" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Tree</emphasis>
15-25 m tall with long straight bole and rounded crown. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Twigs</emphasis>
greenish brown to blackish, glabrous or initially short-pubescent, the hairs 0.1-0.3 mm long, but soon light gray, glabrate; nodes occasionally with two axillary branches. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Leaf</emphasis>
with larger blades 6.7-10.5 cm long, 2.6-3.7 cm wide, chartaceous, shiny adaxially, dull and paler abaxially, lanceolate to elliptic, occasionally oblong or elliptic-oblanceolate, apex sharply acuminate, the acumen 6-18 mm long, occasionally obtuse, base cuneate to rounded, glabrous or with a few hairs at the base of the midrib adaxially, sparsely appressed-pubescent to glabrate abaxially; midrib slightly raised to plane adaxially, raised abaxially, secondary veins weakly brochidodromous, 12-15 per side, diverging at 60-75° from the midrib, these and higher order veins slightly raised on both surfaces; petiole 2-5.5 mm long, shallowly canaliculate, pubescent to glabrous. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Inflorescences</emphasis>
axillary, usually from the axils of fallen leaves, 1- or rarely 2-flowered, sparsely pubescent; pedicels 2.8-3.9 mm long, 0.6-0.7 mm thick; bracts 2, attached to the distal half of the pedicel, persistent or not, 1.2-1.6 mm long, broadly ovate to crescent-shaped, apex acute; buds lanceolate, apex acute. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Sepals</emphasis>
erect to slightly spreading at anthesis, 1/3-connate, 2.2-2.7 mm long, 2.3-2.4 mm wide, subcoriaceous, broadly ovate to triangular, apex obtuse to acute, sparsely pubescent abaxially. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Petals</emphasis>
cream-colored with reddish pink bases at anthesis 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">in vivo</emphasis>
; outer petals erect or slightly spreading at anthesis, 13.7-19.3 mm long, 2.2-2.6 mm wide at base, 0.9-1.0 mm wide at midpoint, coriaceous, linear, flat on both surfaces, apex obtuse, densely puberulent except for the glabrous warty base adaxially, golden-sericeous abaxially; inner petals geniculate at anthesis, with the apices bent sharply outward between the outer petals, 11.0-16.3 mm long, 1.8-2.2 mm wide at base, ca. 0.5 mm wide at midpoint, coriaceous, linear-subulate, longitudinally ridged on both surfaces, transversely thickened at widest point adaxially, apex acute, base with undifferentiated margin, densely puberulent on both surfaces except for the glabrous base. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Stamens</emphasis>
ca. 85; fertile stamens 1.0-1.3 mm long, narrowly oblong, apex of connective reddish pink at anthesis 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">in vivo</emphasis>
, 0.2-0.25 mm long, shieldlike, overhanging the anther thecae, smooth or finely papillate, anthers 7-10-locellate, fila 
<pageBreakToken pageId="101" pageNumber="102" start="start">ment</pageBreakToken>
0.3-0.5 mm long; outer staminodes 1.2-1.5 mm long, oblong, apex rounded to truncate, sometimes emarginate; inner staminodes 1.0-1.1 mm long, oblong, apex truncate; staminal cone ca. 1.3 mm in diameter, 0.7 mm high, concealing only the bases of the ovaries, rim laciniate. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Carpels</emphasis>
ca. 6; ovaries ca. 0.3 mm long, oblong, pubescent; stigmas connivent, free at the apices, 1.8-2 mm long, filiform, apex acute, with a few hairs at the apices. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Torus</emphasis>
flat, ca. 1.8 mm in diameter 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Fruit</emphasis>
of up to 4 glabrate monocarps borne on a pedicel ca. 5 mm long, ca. 2.6 mm thick, glabrate; torus ca. 4 mm in diameter, ca. 4.5 mm high, globose. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Monocarps</emphasis>
with a green exterior and red endocarp 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">in vivo</emphasis>
, 2.8-3.5 cm long, 1.0-1.6 cm wide, 1.1-1.4 cm thick, clavate-pyriform to ovoid, usually with a longitudinal ridge running down one side, apex obtuse, base tapered but not stipitate, verrucose; pericarp 0.4-1.0 mm thick. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Seeds</emphasis>
4-6 per monocarp, in two rows, lying perpendicular to long axis, 11.0-11.2 mm long, 7.2-7.3 mm wide, ca. 5.1 mm thick, oblong to ellipsoid, obovate to elliptic in cross-section, obliquely truncate at micropylar end, rounded at chalazal end, dark brown, slightly wrinkled/roughened, dull, raphe/antiraphe not evident, micropylar scar ca. 3 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, elliptic; sarcotesta orange-red 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">in vivo</emphasis>
; aril absent.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1239323" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199113" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" start="Figure 28" startId="F28">
<paragraph pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Figure 28.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia keniensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="keniensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Xylopia keniensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. tanganyikensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" rank="species" species="tanganyikensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">X. tanganyikensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with leaves of 
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. holtzii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" rank="species" species="holtzii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">X. holtzii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. longipetala" order="Magnoliales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" rank="species" species="longipetala">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">X. longipetala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for comparison. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">A</emphasis>
Leaf of 
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. holtzii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" rank="species" species="holtzii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">X. holtzii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Tanzania 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">B</emphasis>
Leaf of 
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. longipetala" order="Magnoliales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" rank="species" species="longipetala">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">X. longipetala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Ghana 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">C-E</emphasis>
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. keniensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" rank="species" species="keniensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">X. keniensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">C</emphasis>
Habit 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">D</emphasis>
Fruit 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">E</emphasis>
Inflorescence 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">F-O</emphasis>
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. tanganyikensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" rank="species" species="tanganyikensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">X. tanganyikensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">F</emphasis>
Pedicel, sepals, and staminal cone 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">G</emphasis>
Base of inner petal, adaxial view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">H</emphasis>
Base of outer petal, adaxial view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">I</emphasis>
Flower, lateral view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">J</emphasis>
Carpel 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">K, L</emphasis>
Habit 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">M</emphasis>
Stamen, abaxial view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">N</emphasis>
Staminode, abaxial view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">O</emphasis>
Fruit. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">A</emphasis>
from 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Semsei 1718</emphasis>
(K) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">B</emphasis>
from 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Jongkind &amp; Nieuwenhuis 2130</emphasis>
(WAG) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">C, D</emphasis>
from 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Luke &amp; Robertson 2723</emphasis>
(MO) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">F-J, L-N</emphasis>
from 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Nishida 57</emphasis>
(K) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">K, O</emphasis>
from 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Abeid et al. 1028</emphasis>
(L). Reproduced with the permission of the Board of Trustees, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="101" pageNumber="102" type="phenology">
<paragraph pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Specimens with flowers or flower buds have been collected in November and December, and with fruits in March and September.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="101" pageNumber="102" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
(Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Distributions of Xylopia arenaria, X. collina, X. tomentosa, and X. keniensis in southern and eastern Africa. Bolder lines represent country borders, fainter lines lakes and major rivers." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199107" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">22</figureCitation>
). Endemic to the Shimba Hills region of southern Kenya, where it grows in lowland forest at elevations of 350-430 m (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2982/0012-8317(2005)94[5:ACOTPO]2.0.CO;2" author="Luke, Q" journalOrPublisher="Elsevier Inc., Academic Press" pageId="189" pageNumber="190" refId="B118" refString="Luke, Q, 2005. Annotated checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kwale District, Kenya. Journal of the East African Natural History Society 94: 5-120. https://doi.org/10.2982/0012-8317(2005)94[5:ACOTPO]2.0.CO;2" title="Annotated checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kwale District, Kenya. Journal of the East African Natural History Society 94: 5 - 120." url="https://doi.org/10.2982/0012-8317(2005)94[5:ACOTPO]2.0.CO;2" year="2005">Luke 2005</bibRefCitation>
). Associates at one site (from 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Luke &amp; Robertson 2723</emphasis>
) included species of 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Moraceae" genus="Antiaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Antiaris" order="Urticales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Antiaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="T.R.Sim" authorityYear="1909" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Milicia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Milicia" order="Rosales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Milicia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Harms" authorityYear="1896" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Meliaceae" genus="Lovoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lovoa" order="Sapindales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Lovoa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Celtis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Celtis" order="Urticales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Celtis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Equisetopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Quassia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quassia" order="Sapindales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Quassia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hymenaea" order="Rosales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Hymenaea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pellegrin" authorityYear="1943" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Julbernardia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Julbernardia" order="Fabales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Julbernardia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Manilkara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Manilkara" order="Ebenales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Manilkara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the canopy, and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Turczaninow" authorityYear="1858" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Leptonychia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leptonychia" order="Malvales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Leptonychia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Ebenaceae" genus="Diospyros" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diospyros" order="Ebenales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Diospyros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gilg" authorityYear="1904" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Warneckea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Warneckea" order="Myrtales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Warneckea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Memecylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Memecylon" order="Gentianales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Memecylon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
], and many 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Memecylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Gentianales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rubiaceae</taxonomicName>
shrubs in the understory.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="101" pageNumber="102" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Additional specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-01-01" collectingDateMax="2018-12-31" collectingDateMin="2018-01-01" country="KENYA" elevation="430" latitude="-4.2394" location="Makadara" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="39.3937" municipality="Shimba Hills" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kwale">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<collectingCountry name="Kenya">KENYA</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion country="Kenya" name="Kwale">Kwale</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingMunicipality>Shimba Hills</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:555923DA3C515123AB7309395E9D3E71:1E0202A665DFD3894B11BA309D5605B2" country="KENYA" latitude="-4.2394" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="39.3937" municipality="Shimba Hills" name="Makadara" stateProvince="Kwale">Makadara</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="4.2394" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-4.2394">4.2394 S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="39.3937" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="39.3937">39.3937 E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" unit="m" value="430.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" unit="m" value="430.0">430 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, [typed label gives locality as
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1967-07-20" collectingDateMax="2009-12-30" collectingDateMin="1967-07-20" collectorName="R. Faden, Luke, Robertson, Shimba Hills, Project Mbegu, Mulwa" country="Kenya" county="Faden" elevation="390" latitude="-4.2351" location="Longomwagandi" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="39.4181" municipality="Shimba Hills" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Taita">
<collectingRegion country="Kenya" name="Taita/Taveta">Taita</collectingRegion>
Hills, which is a transcription error (
<collectorName>R. Faden</collectorName>
, personal communication)], 
<collectingDate value="1970-11-09">9 Nov 1970</collectingDate>
(buds), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<collectingCounty>Faden</collectingCounty>
et al. 70/847
</emphasis>
(K); 
<collectingMunicipality>Shimba Hills</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:555923DA3C515123AB7309395E9D3E71:3ABF136DB6CB334F9712873EE82464C9" country="Kenya" county="Faden" latitude="-4.2351" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="39.4181" municipality="Shimba Hills" name="Longomwagandi" stateProvince="Taita">Longomwagandi</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="4.2407" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-4.2407">4.2407 S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="39.42181" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="39.42181">39.42181 E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" unit="m" value="390.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" unit="m" value="390.0">390 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="2009-12-30">30 Dec 2009</collectingDate>
(st seedling), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<collectorName>Luke</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName>Luke</collectorName>
13950
</emphasis>
(EA); Shimba Hills, Longomwagandi, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="4.2351" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-4.2351">4.2351 S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="39.4181" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="39.4181">39.4181 E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" unit="m" value="390.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" unit="m" value="390.0">390 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1991-03-17">17 March 1991</collectingDate>
(fr), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<collectorName>Luke</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName>Robertson</collectorName>
2723
</emphasis>
(EA, K, MO); 
<collectorName>Shimba Hills</collectorName>
, 
<collectingDate value="2006-07-01">1 Jul 2006</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<collectorName>Project Mbegu</collectorName>
353
</emphasis>
(EA); 
<collectorName>Shimba Hills</collectorName>
, 
<collectingDate value="1967-07-20">20 Jul 1967</collectingDate>
(st), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<collectorName>Mulwa</collectorName>
015
</emphasis>
(EA)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1982-09-18" collectorName="Polhill, Robertson" country="Kenya" county="Shimba Hills" elevation="350" latitude="-4.2333" location="Mwagandi" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="39.4167" municipality="Lango" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kwale District">
<collectingRegion country="Kenya" name="Kwale">Kwale District</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCounty>Shimba Hills</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality>Lango</collectingMunicipality>
ya 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:555923DA3C515123AB7309395E9D3E71:FAB3ACF4D0EAE92F8B6C4FD62FA1C637" country="Kenya" county="Shimba Hills" latitude="-4.2333" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="39.4167" municipality="Lango" name="Mwagandi" stateProvince="Kwale District">Mwagandi</location>
or 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:555923DA3C515123AB7309395E9D3E71:A483B5C93ABD23F14050E7D31A17468D" country="Kenya" county="Shimba Hills" latitude="-4.2333" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="39.4167" municipality="Lango" name="Longo Mwagandi Forest" stateProvince="Kwale District">Longo Mwagandi Forest</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="4.2333" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-4.2333">4.2333 S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="39.4167" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="39.4167">39.4167 E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="350.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="350.0">350 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1982-09-18">18 Sep 1982</collectingDate>
(fr), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<collectorName>Polhill</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName>Robertson</collectorName>
4800
</emphasis>
(K)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia keniensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="keniensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Xylopia keniensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
overlaps in distribution with 
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. holtzii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" rank="species" species="holtzii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">X. holtzii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but it differs from that species in the sharply acuminate and nearly glabrous leaf blades, the pedicels short and usually with only one flower per axil, the inner petals strongly geniculate at anthesis, and the sessile monocarps with the seeds arranged in two rows. In seedlings grown side by side, the more pronounced sheen of the 
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. keniensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" rank="species" species="keniensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">X. keniensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
leaves is evident (Q. Luke, personal communication).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
The species is likely to occur in the Usambara Mountains region of 
<collectingCountry name="Tanzania">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
, where it may be confused with 
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. holtzii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" rank="species" species="holtzii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">X. holtzii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. As currently known, 
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. keniensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" rank="species" species="keniensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">X. keniensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very rare, and was given a conservation assessment of Endangered B1ab(iii)+B2ad(iii) by 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/S12225-017-9681-X" author="Johnson, DM" journalOrPublisher="Novon" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" refId="B88" refString="Johnson, DM, Luke, Q, Goyder, D, Murray, NA, 2017. New species of Xylopia (Annonaceae) from East Africa. Kew Bulletin 72: 11. https://doi.org/10.1007/S12225-017-9681-X" title="New species of Xylopia (Annonaceae) from East Africa. Kew Bulletin 72: 11." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/S12225-017-9681-X" year="2017">Johnson et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
. We determined it to have the smallest AOO of any African species, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
2.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>