410 lines
58 KiB
XML
410 lines
58 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="AFA213932B6AF0AADBCAAF472C385B9F">Octocorallia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from Brazilian reefs</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2A780EA797CC81E7522A9BCD52A44D1B">Castro, C. B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="36552962B2CB2DAD9CE4F510B9BC7E05">Medeiros, M. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C9ACDEF4DD324D7ECCC82AF83FE0FEE6">Loiola, L. L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="DDBD2F18396A94570E79C3DAE7DEE610">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="048AB506C2E680A3F86086159E19669E">
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<mods:date id="10C91472034F5C53AFC5C32360421B2C">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6F62701BE2534587ADD90C9D6376E191">2010-03-15</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="3755BB2FA7F7A2D159453FCB97328430">44</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="ACD949D697233C7C166E81DA62CFAA25">13 - 14</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="F800C8025AA3D0FEB8DB1427973A7A36" type="DOI">10.1080/00222930903441160</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="554D1963FFC9FFC7FDD9F2BC0E066590" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:554D1963FFC9FFC7FDD9F2BC0E066590" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/554D1963FFC9FFC7FDD9F2BC0E066590" lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="818" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">
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<subSubSection id="95FEFBFEFFC9FFCAFDD9F2BC0C4A6098" box="[517,867,439,463]" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" type="nomenclature">
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<heading id="86131F19FFC9FFCAFDD9F2BC0C4A6098" box="[517,867,439,463]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" reason="7">
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<taxonomicName id="1AE4D3F6FFC9FFCAFDD9F2BC0C4A6098" ID-CoL="39BQ3" authority="(Pallas, 1766)" authorityName="MNRJ" authorityYear="1841" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[517,867,439,463]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Ellisella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elongata">
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<emphasis id="EF907467FFC9FFCAFDD9F2BC0DEA6098" bold="true" box="[517,707,439,463]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">Ellisella elongata</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFC9FFCAFD0EF2BC0C726098" author="Pallas PS" box="[722,859,439,463]" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" refId="ref27782" refString="Pallas PS. 1766. Elenchus zoophytorum sistens generum adumbrationes generaliores et specierum cognitarum succinctas descriptiones cum selectis auctorum synonymis (Hagae Comitum)." type="book" year="1766">Pallas, 1766</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="95FEFBFEFFC9FFCAFDFCF2DC0D7D6318" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" type="description">
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<paragraph id="DD5BA875FFC9FFCAFDFCF2DC0C6160B8" blockId="53.[517,867,439,495]" box="[544,840,470,495]" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">
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(
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<figureCitation id="45DFB4F0FFC9FFCAFDFBF2DC0DBB60B8" box="[551,658,471,495]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[58,125,1365,1387]" captionTargetBox="[186,1466,455,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-51@4.[186,1466,455,1336]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Map of distribution of reef octocorals in different regions off the Brazilian coastline. The Espírito Santo State area (*) includes the Vitória- Trindade seamount chain. “BA Sector” refer to a division of reef areas in Bahia State by Leão (1996)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5207418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5207418/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">Figures 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="45DFB4F0FFC9FFCAFD7CF2DC0DC660B8" box="[672,751,470,495]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="47.[212,279,1213,1235]" captionTargetBox="[212,1172,168,1184]" captionTargetId="figure-217@47.[212,1172,168,1184]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Figure 20. Olindagorgia gracilis (Verrill, 1868a) (MNRJ 01837): (A) colony, (A′) branches. Phyllogorgia dilatata (Esper, 1806) (MNRJ 00478): (B) colony, (B′) branches. Ellisella elongata (Pallas, 1766) (MNRJ 1841): (C) fragment, (C′) closer view near basis of fragment, (C′′) closer view near distal end of fragment. Scale bars: A–C, 2 cm; A′–C′, C′′, 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5207456" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5207456/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">20C,C′</figureCitation>
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,C′′, 23)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DD5BA875FFC9FFCAFF08F1130D7D6318" blockId="53.[212,1172,535,592]" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">
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For the synonymy previous to 1961, see
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<taxonomicName id="1AE4D3F6FFC9FFCAFD42F11C0CA96378" baseAuthorityName="Duchassaing and Michelotti" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[670,896,535,559]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Ellisella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="barbadensis">
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<emphasis id="EF907467FFC9FFCAFD42F11C0CA96378" box="[670,896,535,559]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">Ellisella barbadensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="1AE4D3F6FFC9FFCAFC64F11C0B5F6378" authorityName="MNRJ" authorityYear="1841" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[952,1142,535,559]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Ellisella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elongata">
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<emphasis id="EF907467FFC9FFCAFC64F11C0B5F6378" box="[952,1142,535,559]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">Ellisella elongata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFC9FFCAFF08F1330EE06318" author="Bayer FM" box="[212,457,567,592]" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" pagination="1 - 373" refId="ref25517" refString="Bayer FM. 1961. The shallow-water Octocorallia of the West Indian region. A manual for marine biologists. Uitgaven: Natuurwetenchappelijke Studiekring voor Suriname en de Nederlandse Antillen. 23: 1 - 373." type="journal article" year="1961">Bayer (1961: 281–287</bibRefCitation>
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, figs. 93–94.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="95FEFBFEFFC9FFCAFF08F1690C62624D" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="DD5BA875FFC9FFCAFF08F1690B3D632D" blockId="53.[212,1044,610,634]" box="[212,1044,610,634]" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="FDF48F5BFFC9FFCAFF08F1690B3D632D" box="[212,1044,610,634]" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">
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<treatmentCitation id="5C458E64FFC9FFCAFF08F1690C4C632D" author="Duchassaing P & Michelotti, J" box="[212,869,610,634]" page="22" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" year="1864">
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<taxonomicName id="1AE4D3F6FFC9FFCAFF08F1690C4C632D" authority="Duchassaing and Michelotti 1864: 22" authorityName="Duchassaing and Michelotti" authorityPageNumber="22" authorityYear="1864" box="[212,869,610,634]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Juncella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="barbadensis">
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<emphasis id="EF907467FFC9FFCAFF08F1690E9E632D" box="[212,439,610,634]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">Juncella barbadensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFC9FFCAFE62F1690C4C632D" author="Duchassaing P & Michelotti, J" box="[446,869,610,634]" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" pagination="97 - 206" refId="ref26343" refString="Duchassaing P, Michelotti, J. 1864. Memoire sur les coralliaires des Antilles. Mem R Accad Sci Torino. 23 (2): 97 - 206." type="journal article" year="1864">Duchassaing and Michelotti 1864: 22</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 5, figs. 5, 6.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DD5BA875FFC9FFCAFF08F1860C3963F2" blockId="53.[212,784,653,677]" box="[212,784,653,677]" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="FDF48F5BFFC9FFCAFF08F1860C3963F2" box="[212,784,653,677]" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">
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?
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<treatmentCitation id="5C458E64FFC9FFCAFF38F1860C2563F2" author="Tixier-Durivault A" box="[228,780,653,677]" page="160" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" year="1970">
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||
<taxonomicName id="1AE4D3F6FFC9FFCAFF38F1860C2563F2" ID-CoL="8YWVB" authority=": Tixier-Durivault 1970: 160" authorityName="Tixier-Durivault" authorityPageNumber="160" authorityYear="1970" box="[228,780,653,677]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Ellisella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="barbadensis">
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||
<emphasis id="EF907467FFC9FFCAFF38F1860EEF63F2" box="[228,454,653,677]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">Ellisella barbadensis</emphasis>
|
||
:
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||
<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFC9FFCAFE08F1860C2563F2" author="Tixier-Durivault A" box="[468,780,653,677]" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" pagination="145 - 169" refId="ref28078" refString="Tixier-Durivault A. 1970. Octocoralliaires. Campagne de la " Calypso " au large des cotes atlantiques de l'Amerique du Sud (1961 - 1962). Ann Inst Ocean. 47: 145 - 169." type="journal article" year="1970">Tixier-Durivault 1970: 160</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DD5BA875FFC9FFCAFF08F1BC0D8463B8" blockId="53.[212,1171,695,751]" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="FDF48F5BFFC9FFCAFF08F1BC0D8463B8" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">
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<treatmentCitation id="5C458E64FFC9FFCAFF08F1BC0C2D6398" author="Tixier-Durivault A" box="[212,772,695,719]" page="161" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" year="1970">
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<taxonomicName id="1AE4D3F6FFC9FFCAFF08F1BC0C2D6398" ID-CoL="39BQ3" authority=": Tixier-Durivault 1970: 160 - 161" authorityName="Tixier-Durivault" authorityPageNumber="160 - 161" authorityYear="1970" box="[212,772,695,719]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Ellisella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elongata">
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||
<emphasis id="EF907467FFC9FFCAFF08F1BC0EB86398" box="[212,401,695,719]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">Ellisella elongata</emphasis>
|
||
:
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<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFC9FFCAFE43F1BC0C2D6398" author="Tixier-Durivault A" box="[415,772,695,719]" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" pagination="145 - 169" refId="ref28078" refString="Tixier-Durivault A. 1970. Octocoralliaires. Campagne de la " Calypso " au large des cotes atlantiques de l'Amerique du Sud (1961 - 1962). Ann Inst Ocean. 47: 145 - 169." type="journal article" year="1970">Tixier-Durivault 1970: 160–161</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="5C458E64FFC9FFCAFCD2F1B30CD66398" author="Humann P" box="[782,1023,695,719]" page="68" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" year="1993">
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<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFC9FFCAFCD2F1B30CD66398" author="Humann P" box="[782,1023,695,719]" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" refId="ref27091" refString="Humann P. 1993. Reef coral identification - Florida - Caribbean - Bahamas - including marine plants. Jacksonville: New World Publications." type="book" year="1993">Humann 1993: 68–69</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
(field guide);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="5C458E64FFC9FFCAFF08F1DC0D2F63B8" author="Hetzel B & Castro CB" box="[212,518,727,751]" page="97" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" year="1994">
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<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFC9FFCAFF08F1DC0D2F63B8" author="Hetzel B & Castro CB" box="[212,518,727,751]" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" refId="ref27013" refString="Hetzel B, Castro CB. 1994. Corals of Southern Bahia. Rio de Janeiro: Nova Fronteira." type="book" year="1994">Hetzel and Castro 1994: 97</bibRefCitation>
|
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</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(photos only).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD5BA875FFC9FFCAFF08F0090C62624D" blockId="53.[212,843,770,794]" box="[212,843,770,794]" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="FDF48F5BFFC9FFCAFF08F0090C62624D" box="[212,843,770,794]" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">
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<treatmentCitation id="5C458E64FFC9FFCAFF08F0090D9C624D" author="Humann P" box="[212,693,770,794]" page="67" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" year="1993">
|
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<taxonomicName id="1AE4D3F6FFC9FFCAFF08F0090D9C624D" ID-CoL="8YWVB" authority=": Humann 1993: 66 - 67" authorityName=": Humann" authorityPageNumber="66 - 67" authorityYear="1993" box="[212,693,770,794]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Ellisella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="barbadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EF907467FFC9FFCAFF08F0090E9C624D" box="[212,437,770,794]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">Ellisella barbadensis</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFC9FFCAFE1FF0080D9C624D" author="Humann P" box="[451,693,770,794]" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" refId="ref27091" refString="Humann P. 1993. Reef coral identification - Florida - Caribbean - Bahamas - including marine plants. Jacksonville: New World Publications." type="book" year="1993">Humann 1993: 66–67</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
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(field guide).
|
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="95FEFBFEFFC9FFC7FF08F0410E066590" lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="818" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="DD5BA875FFC9FFCAFF08F0410E686235" blockId="53.[212,321,842,866]" box="[212,321,842,866]" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">
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<emphasis id="EF907467FFC9FFCAFF08F0410E686235" box="[212,321,842,866]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD5BA875FFC9FFCAFF08F0790E71653D" blockId="53.[212,1172,882,1130]" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">
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||
Colonies unbranched or with up to several branches. Branches long, when present. Sclerites of coenenchyme as capstans and dumb-bells (up to
|
||
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|
||
); proportions of these sclerites vary from colony to colony and depending on position in a single colony. Calyx with same sclerites as coenenchyme, as well as double-cones (up to
|
||
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||
). Simple or multiple series of polyps near tips of branches. Coenenchymal mounds from absent to conspicuous, directed towards distal ends of branches (emended from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFC9FFCAFE4EF7380D7C651D" author="Bayer FM" box="[402,597,1074,1099]" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" pagination="1 - 373" refId="ref25517" refString="Bayer FM. 1961. The shallow-water Octocorallia of the West Indian region. A manual for marine biologists. Uitgaven: Natuurwetenchappelijke Studiekring voor Suriname en de Nederlandse Antillen. 23: 1 - 373." type="journal article" year="1961">Bayer 1961: 281</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 285, to accommodate characters from the new synonymy).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD5BA875FFC9FFCAFF08F7910E7D65E5" blockId="53.[212,340,1178,1202]" box="[212,340,1178,1202]" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">
|
||
<emphasis id="EF907467FFC9FFCAFF08F7910E7D65E5" box="[212,340,1178,1202]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD5BA875FFC9FFC8FF08F7C90B2662C8" blockId="53.[212,1172,1218,1690]" lastBlockId="55.[212,1172,166,928]" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="817" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">
|
||
Colonies up to
|
||
<quantity id="1A1C0590FFC9FFCAFE4CF7C90EFD658E" box="[400,468,1218,1242]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" unit="cm" value="50.0">50 cm</quantity>
|
||
long (one fragment up to
|
||
<quantity id="1A1C0590FFC9FFCAFCC6F7C90C4B658D" box="[794,866,1218,1242]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" unit="cm" value="59.0">59 cm</quantity>
|
||
). Colonies and fragments from flagelliform (
|
||
<figureCitation id="45DFB4F0FFC9FFCAFE7AF7E90D0165AD" box="[422,552,1250,1274]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="47.[212,279,1213,1235]" captionTargetBox="[212,1172,168,1184]" captionTargetId="figure-217@47.[212,1172,168,1184]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Figure 20. Olindagorgia gracilis (Verrill, 1868a) (MNRJ 01837): (A) colony, (A′) branches. Phyllogorgia dilatata (Esper, 1806) (MNRJ 00478): (B) colony, (B′) branches. Ellisella elongata (Pallas, 1766) (MNRJ 1841): (C) fragment, (C′) closer view near basis of fragment, (C′′) closer view near distal end of fragment. Scale bars: A–C, 2 cm; A′–C′, C′′, 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5207456" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5207456/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="815">Figure 20C</figureCitation>
|
||
) to having several, long ramifications (up to 14). Basis of colonies as disk that spreads on substrate. Trunk and lower parts of branches cylindrical or flattened, thick (up to
|
||
<quantity id="1A1C0590FFC9FFCAFDABF6290D9E646E" box="[631,695,1314,1338]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter). Branches laterally flattened (this flattening being less conspicuous in larger fragments). Branch diameters with calyx up to 1.9 ×
|
||
<quantity id="1A1C0590FFC9FFCAFE79F6690ED3642E" box="[421,506,1378,1402]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
near basis (in some fragments up to 4.9 ×
|
||
<quantity id="1A1C0590FFC9FFCAFBDCF6690B7C642D" box="[1024,1109,1378,1402]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" unit="mm" value="4.8">4.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
) and 0.9 ×
|
||
<quantity id="1A1C0590FFC9FFCAFECDF6890E4F64CE" box="[273,358,1410,1434]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
near tip of the branch (
|
||
<quantity id="1A1C0590FFC9FFCAFDB2F6890DE964CD" box="[622,704,1410,1434]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
). Branches from very flexible to relatively rigid, usually long, arising in upwardly acute angles (occasionally almost at right angles and soon turning upwards). Diameter of branch decreases gradually, without any rough variations. Lateral branches thinner than branch where they originated. Distal ends of branches cylindrical or flattened, up to 2.5 ×
|
||
<quantity id="1A1C0590FFC9FFCAFCB1F5090CEB674E" box="[877,962,1538,1562]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
thick at a distance of about
|
||
<quantity id="1A1C0590FFC9FFCAFE98F5290E53676E" box="[324,378,1570,1594]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="815" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
|
||
from tip; tips with diameter decreasing rapidly, ending acutely or, occasionally, bluntly. Trunk without polyps, with scattered polyps or with polyps in longitudinal series. Branches may have two bands of one or two longitudinal series of polyps, each or these may be densely distributed in two opposite bands with oblique series of three to seven polyps in proximal part of branches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="45DFB4F0FFCBFFC8FCA4F3AC0B2961E8" box="[888,1024,166,191]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="47.[212,279,1213,1235]" captionTargetBox="[212,1172,168,1184]" captionTargetId="figure-217@47.[212,1172,168,1184]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Figure 20. Olindagorgia gracilis (Verrill, 1868a) (MNRJ 01837): (A) colony, (A′) branches. Phyllogorgia dilatata (Esper, 1806) (MNRJ 00478): (B) colony, (B′) branches. Ellisella elongata (Pallas, 1766) (MNRJ 1841): (C) fragment, (C′) closer view near basis of fragment, (C′′) closer view near distal end of fragment. Scale bars: A–C, 2 cm; A′–C′, C′′, 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5207456" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5207456/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">Figure 20C′</figureCitation>
|
||
). Two bands without polyps between rows or bands, which may have only one longitudinal groove and be more or less conspicuous. On the distal part of branches (distance over
|
||
<quantity id="1A1C0590FFCBFFC8FB9BF3EC0BBD61A8" box="[1095,1172,231,255]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="55" pageNumber="817" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
|
||
long), polyps also in two bands, but in oblique series of two to three polyps (
|
||
<figureCitation id="45DFB4F0FFCBFFC8FF00F22C0E4B6068" box="[220,354,295,319]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="47.[212,279,1213,1235]" captionTargetBox="[212,1172,168,1184]" captionTargetId="figure-217@47.[212,1172,168,1184]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Figure 20. Olindagorgia gracilis (Verrill, 1868a) (MNRJ 01837): (A) colony, (A′) branches. Phyllogorgia dilatata (Esper, 1806) (MNRJ 00478): (B) colony, (B′) branches. Ellisella elongata (Pallas, 1766) (MNRJ 1841): (C) fragment, (C′) closer view near basis of fragment, (C′′) closer view near distal end of fragment. Scale bars: A–C, 2 cm; A′–C′, C′′, 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5207456" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5207456/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">Figure 20C</figureCitation>
|
||
′′), occasionally single rows for short distances (five to six polyps); there are two bands without polyps between them, which may be absent or inconspicuous, or may have one longitudinal groove. One colony with one narrow band without polyps and one band with polyps, the latter three-quarters of the colony circumference, with five to seven polyps in each oblique series. Contracted polyps completely retracted into coenenchyme, forming no coenenchymal mounds, as little elevations on coenenchyme (
|
||
<figureCitation id="45DFB4F0FFCBFFC8FE78F2EC0D0660A8" box="[420,559,486,511]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="47.[212,279,1213,1235]" captionTargetBox="[212,1172,168,1184]" captionTargetId="figure-217@47.[212,1172,168,1184]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Figure 20. Olindagorgia gracilis (Verrill, 1868a) (MNRJ 01837): (A) colony, (A′) branches. Phyllogorgia dilatata (Esper, 1806) (MNRJ 00478): (B) colony, (B′) branches. Ellisella elongata (Pallas, 1766) (MNRJ 1841): (C) fragment, (C′) closer view near basis of fragment, (C′′) closer view near distal end of fragment. Scale bars: A–C, 2 cm; A′–C′, C′′, 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5207456" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5207456/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">Figure 20C′</figureCitation>
|
||
), or well developed, slightly turned to distal ends of branches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="45DFB4F0FFCBFFC8FE95F10C0EE26348" box="[329,459,519,543]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="47.[212,279,1213,1235]" captionTargetBox="[212,1172,168,1184]" captionTargetId="figure-217@47.[212,1172,168,1184]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Figure 20. Olindagorgia gracilis (Verrill, 1868a) (MNRJ 01837): (A) colony, (A′) branches. Phyllogorgia dilatata (Esper, 1806) (MNRJ 00478): (B) colony, (B′) branches. Ellisella elongata (Pallas, 1766) (MNRJ 1841): (C) fragment, (C′) closer view near basis of fragment, (C′′) closer view near distal end of fragment. Scale bars: A–C, 2 cm; A′–C′, C′′, 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5207456" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5207456/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">Figure 20C</figureCitation>
|
||
′′). Colonies may also have expanded polyps, turned upwards, longitudinally appressed or apart from coenenchyme. Sclerites of coenenchyme dumb-bells, ornamented with densely distributed tubercles, and capstans with little more sparse ornamentation (both up to
|
||
<quantity id="1A1C0590FFCBFFC8FD0EF16C0C116328" box="[722,824,615,639]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="55" pageNumber="817" unit="mm" value="0.09">0.09 mm</quantity>
|
||
). No remarkable differences between sclerites from outer and middle layers of coenenchyme (
|
||
<figureCitation id="45DFB4F0FFCBFFC8FC3FF18C0B5B63C8" box="[995,1138,646,671]" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="54.[145,212,1456,1478]" captionTargetBox="[144,1104,177,1428]" captionTargetId="figure-123@54.[144,1105,177,1428]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="Figure 23. Sclerites of Ellisella elongata (Pallas, 1766) (MNRJ 1841): (A) outer layer of coenenchyme, near distal end of colony; (B) outer layer of coenenchyme, middle region of colony; (C) outer layer of coenenchyme, near basis of colony; (D) middle layer of coenenchyme, near distal end of colony; (E) middle layer of coenenchyme, middle region of colony; (F) middle layer of coenenchyme, near basis of colony; (G) coenenchymal mounds, near distal end of colony; (H) coenenchymal mounds, middle region of colony; (I) coenenchymal mounds, near basis of colony; (J) axial sheath, near distal end of colony; (K) axial sheath, middle region of colony; (L) axial sheath, near basis of colony; (M) polyp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5207462" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5207462/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">Figure 23A′</figureCitation>
|
||
F). Sclerites from coenenchymal mounds or near polyp bases as those from coenenchyme (dumb-bells and capstans, up to
|
||
<quantity id="1A1C0590FFCBFFC8FD8DF1CC0D9E6388" box="[593,695,711,735]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="55" pageNumber="817" unit="mm" value="0.09">0.09 mm</quantity>
|
||
), and double-cones with sparser tuberculated ornamentation (up to
|
||
<quantity id="1A1C0590FFCBFFC8FDD7F1EC0D4863A8" box="[523,609,743,767]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="55" pageNumber="817" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="45DFB4F0FFCBFFC8FDAAF1EC0C3D63A8" box="[630,788,743,767]" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="54.[145,212,1456,1478]" captionTargetBox="[144,1104,177,1428]" captionTargetId="figure-123@54.[144,1105,177,1428]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="Figure 23. Sclerites of Ellisella elongata (Pallas, 1766) (MNRJ 1841): (A) outer layer of coenenchyme, near distal end of colony; (B) outer layer of coenenchyme, middle region of colony; (C) outer layer of coenenchyme, near basis of colony; (D) middle layer of coenenchyme, near distal end of colony; (E) middle layer of coenenchyme, middle region of colony; (F) middle layer of coenenchyme, near basis of colony; (G) coenenchymal mounds, near distal end of colony; (H) coenenchymal mounds, middle region of colony; (I) coenenchymal mounds, near basis of colony; (J) axial sheath, near distal end of colony; (K) axial sheath, middle region of colony; (L) axial sheath, near basis of colony; (M) polyp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5207462" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5207462/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">Figure 23G–I</figureCitation>
|
||
). In axial sheath, sclerites as those from coenenchyme, but with less developed ornamentation (up to
|
||
<quantity id="1A1C0590FFCBFFC8FC11F00C0B196248" box="[973,1072,775,799]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="55" pageNumber="817" unit="mm" value="0.08">0.08 mm</quantity>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="45DFB4F0FFCBFFC8FB9BF00C0E346268" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="54.[145,212,1456,1478]" captionTargetBox="[144,1104,177,1428]" captionTargetId="figure-123@54.[144,1105,177,1428]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="Figure 23. Sclerites of Ellisella elongata (Pallas, 1766) (MNRJ 1841): (A) outer layer of coenenchyme, near distal end of colony; (B) outer layer of coenenchyme, middle region of colony; (C) outer layer of coenenchyme, near basis of colony; (D) middle layer of coenenchyme, near distal end of colony; (E) middle layer of coenenchyme, middle region of colony; (F) middle layer of coenenchyme, near basis of colony; (G) coenenchymal mounds, near distal end of colony; (H) coenenchymal mounds, middle region of colony; (I) coenenchymal mounds, near basis of colony; (J) axial sheath, near distal end of colony; (K) axial sheath, middle region of colony; (L) axial sheath, near basis of colony; (M) polyp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5207462" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5207462/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">Figure 23J–L</figureCitation>
|
||
). Polyps with slender rods (up to
|
||
<quantity id="1A1C0590FFCBFFC8FD7EF02C0C2C6268" box="[674,773,807,831]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7" pageId="55" pageNumber="817" unit="mm" value="0.07">0.07 mm</quantity>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="45DFB4F0FFCBFFC8FCC1F02C0C806268" box="[797,937,807,831]" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="54.[145,212,1456,1478]" captionTargetBox="[144,1104,177,1428]" captionTargetId="figure-123@54.[144,1105,177,1428]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="Figure 23. Sclerites of Ellisella elongata (Pallas, 1766) (MNRJ 1841): (A) outer layer of coenenchyme, near distal end of colony; (B) outer layer of coenenchyme, middle region of colony; (C) outer layer of coenenchyme, near basis of colony; (D) middle layer of coenenchyme, near distal end of colony; (E) middle layer of coenenchyme, middle region of colony; (F) middle layer of coenenchyme, near basis of colony; (G) coenenchymal mounds, near distal end of colony; (H) coenenchymal mounds, middle region of colony; (I) coenenchymal mounds, near basis of colony; (J) axial sheath, near distal end of colony; (K) axial sheath, middle region of colony; (L) axial sheath, near basis of colony; (M) polyp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5207462" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5207462/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">Figure 23M</figureCitation>
|
||
), some colonies also with double-cones like these from the calyx, but with more scattered ornamentation (up to
|
||
<quantity id="1A1C0590FFCBFFC8FEC3F06C0EAD6228" box="[287,388,871,895]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="55" pageNumber="817" unit="mm" value="0.12">0.12 mm</quantity>
|
||
), in column and tentacles. Colonies and sclerites colour white to dark or light orange. Polyps and their sclerites white or same colour as colony.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="899BF8FDFFCAFFC9FF4DF6BB0DFD67C4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5207462" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5207462" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5207462/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="816" startId="54.[145,212,1456,1478]" targetBox="[144,1104,177,1428]" targetPageId="54">
|
||
<paragraph id="DD5BA875FFCAFFC9FF4DF6BB0DFD67C4" blockId="54.[145,1103,1456,1683]" pageId="54" pageNumber="816">
|
||
Figure 23. Sclerites of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AE4D3F6FFCAFFC9FEA3F6BB0C736491" authority="(Pallas, 1766) (MNRJ 1841)" authorityName="MNRJ" authorityYear="1841" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[383,858,1456,1478]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Ellisella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="54" pageNumber="816" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="EF907467FFCAFFC9FEA3F6BB0D056491" box="[383,556,1456,1478]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="816">Ellisella elongata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFCAFFC9FDE7F6BB0D916491" author="Pallas PS" box="[571,696,1456,1478]" pageId="54" pageNumber="816" refId="ref27782" refString="Pallas PS. 1766. Elenchus zoophytorum sistens generum adumbrationes generaliores et specierum cognitarum succinctas descriptiones cum selectis auctorum synonymis (Hagae Comitum)." type="book" year="1766">Pallas, 1766</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (MNRJ 1841)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (A) outer layer of coenenchyme, near distal end of colony; (B) outer layer of coenenchyme, middle region of colony; (C) outer layer of coenenchyme, near basis of colony; (D) middle layer of coenenchyme, near distal end of colony; (E) middle layer of coenenchyme, middle region of colony; (F) middle layer of coenenchyme, near basis of colony; (G) coenenchymal mounds, near distal end of colony; (H) coenenchymal mounds, middle region of colony; (I) coenenchymal mounds, near basis of colony; (J) axial sheath, near distal end of colony; (K) axial sheath, middle region of colony; (L) axial sheath, near basis of colony; (M) polyp.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD5BA875FFCBFFC8FF08F0C40E1F62B0" blockId="55.[212,310,975,999]" box="[212,310,975,999]" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">
|
||
<emphasis id="EF907467FFCBFFC8FF08F0C40E1F62B0" box="[212,310,975,999]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">Material</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD5BA875FFCBFFC8FF08F0FC0E0165F8" blockId="55.[212,1172,1015,1199]" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A5F3E8E5FFCBFFC8FF08F0FC0E3A6558" box="[212,275,1015,1039]" name="Haiti" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">Haiti</collectingCountry>
|
||
: [MNRJ 1250 (= USNM 74917)].
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A5F3E8E5FFCBFFC8FD1EF0FC0C236558" box="[706,778,1015,1039]" name="Brazil" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1F206697FFCBFFC8FCC3F0FC0C5D6558" box="[799,884,1015,1039]" country="Brazil" name="Amapa" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">Amapá</collectingRegion>
|
||
(USNM 50899); Pará [MNRJ 01249 (= USNM 50904), USNM 50902];
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1F206697FFCBFFC8FCF8F71C0C4E6578" box="[804,871,1047,1071]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">Bahia</collectingRegion>
|
||
(MNRJ 01841);
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1F206697FFCBFFC8FBEAF71C0E3E6518" country="Brazil" name="Espirito Santo" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">Espírito Santo</collectingRegion>
|
||
(MNRJ 4132, 04779, 04801, 04802, 04814, 04825, 05002);
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1F206697FFCBFFC8FC3EF73C0BBA6518" box="[994,1171,1079,1103]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
|
||
(MNRJ 00501, 00503, 01357, 01466, 01525, 04816, 04900, 04904, 05934, 05975);
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1F206697FFCBFFC8FF08F77C0E6565D8" box="[212,332,1143,1167]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
|
||
[MNRJ 00502 (= USNM 73427)];
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1F206697FFCBFFC8FD2EF77C0CF165D8" box="[754,984,1143,1167]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
|
||
(MNRJ 01523, 01524).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD5BA875FFCBFFC8FF08F7EC0EEF65A8" blockId="55.[212,454,1255,1279]" box="[212,454,1255,1279]" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">
|
||
<emphasis id="EF907467FFCBFFC8FF08F7EC0EEF65A8" box="[212,454,1255,1279]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">Comparative material</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD5BA875FFCBFFC8FF08F61B0E0C6410" blockId="55.[212,1171,1295,1351]" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AE4D3F6FFCBFFC8FF08F61B0D1F6470" authority="Verrill, 1901" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1901" box="[212,566,1295,1320]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Scirpearia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="55" pageNumber="817" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="grandis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EF907467FFCBFFC8FF08F61B0EB6647F" box="[212,415,1296,1320]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">Scirpearia grandis</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="6D8CA228FFCBFFC8FE74F6040D1F6470" box="[424,566,1295,1319]" collectionCode="MCZ" country="Bermuda" elevation="66" location="North Rock" pageId="55" pageNumber="817" specimenCode="MCZ 4740" specimenCount="1">Verrill, 1901</materialsCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
– “
|
||
<typeStatus id="025F16D7FFCBFFC8FD80F6040D806470" box="[604,681,1295,1319]" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">TYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
” – off
|
||
<location id="D83BFEAEFFCBFFC8FD24F6040CA16470" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:554D1963FFC9FFC7FDD9F2BC0E066590:D83BFEAEFFCBFFC8FD24F6040CA16470" box="[760,904,1295,1319]" country="Bermuda" name="North Rock" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">North Rock</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A5F3E8E5FFCBFFC8FC48F6040B2E6470" box="[916,1031,1295,1319]" name="Bermuda" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">Bermudas</collectingCountry>
|
||
[
|
||
<specimenCode id="8D42000EFFCBFFC8FBC9F6040BBA6470" box="[1045,1171,1295,1319]" collectionCode="MCZ" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="55" pageNumber="817" type="Museum">MCZ 4740</specimenCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="1A1C0590FFCBFFC8FF00F6240E386410" box="[220,273,1327,1351]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="55" pageNumber="817" unit="m" value="66.0">
|
||
<elevation id="56C94F46FFCBFFC8FF00F6240E386410" box="[220,273,1327,1351]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="55" pageNumber="817" unit="m" value="66.0">66m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
)].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD5BA875FFCBFFC8FF08F68B0EAC64CF" blockId="55.[212,389,1408,1432]" box="[212,389,1408,1432]" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">
|
||
<emphasis id="EF907467FFCBFFC8FF08F68B0EAC64CF" box="[212,389,1408,1432]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">
|
||
<typeStatus id="025F16D7FFCBFFC8FF08F68B0E2564CF" box="[212,268,1408,1432]" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
depository
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD5BA875FFCBFFC8FF08F6AC0E8767C8" blockId="55.[212,1172,1447,1696]" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">
|
||
According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFCBFFC8FEADF6AC0D0B64E8" author="Simpson JJ" box="[369,546,1447,1471]" pageId="55" pageNumber="817" pagination="247 - 386" refId="ref28004" refString="Simpson JJ. 1910. A revision of the Gorgonellidae: the Juncellid group. Proc R Ir Acad Sec B, Biol Geol Chem Sci. XXVIII (7): 247 - 386." type="journal article" year="1910">Simpson (1910)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFCBFFC8FD87F6AC0C1864E8" author="Deichmann E" box="[603,817,1447,1471]" pageId="55" pageNumber="817" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref26228" refString="Deichmann E. 1936. The Alcyonaria of the western part of the Atlantic Ocean. Mem Mus Comp Zool Harvard Coll. 53: 1 - 317." type="journal article" year="1936">Deichmann (1936)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the original type is lost.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFCBFFC8FB8CF6AC0E546488" author="Simpson JJ" pageId="55" pageNumber="817" pagination="247 - 386" refId="ref28004" refString="Simpson JJ. 1910. A revision of the Gorgonellidae: the Juncellid group. Proc R Ir Acad Sec B, Biol Geol Chem Sci. XXVIII (7): 247 - 386." type="journal article" year="1910">Simpson (1910: 326)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found a specimen from the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons (Reg. 184), belonging to a very ancient collection (Hunterian Collection), and labelled as “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AE4D3F6FFCBFFC8FE82F5030D026777" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1766" box="[350,555,1544,1568]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Gorgonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="55" pageNumber="817" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="EF907467FFCBFFC8FE82F5030D026777" box="[350,555,1544,1568]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="817">Gorgonia elongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, which he explicitly designated as a
|
||
<typeStatus id="025F16D7FFCBFFC8FC0FF5030B046777" box="[979,1069,1544,1568]" pageId="55" pageNumber="817" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(“regard this specimen as the type”).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFCBFFC8FDC7F52C0DC66768" author="Deichmann E" box="[539,751,1575,1599]" pageId="55" pageNumber="817" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref26228" refString="Deichmann E. 1936. The Alcyonaria of the western part of the Atlantic Ocean. Mem Mus Comp Zool Harvard Coll. 53: 1 - 317." type="journal article" year="1936">Deichmann (1936)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
uses the same material as reference, quoting Simpson’s designation. As Simpson’s work fulfils all requisites of article 75 from the International Code on Zoological Nomenclature, we recognize here Simpson’s
|
||
<typeStatus id="025F16D7FFCBFFC8FF08F5830E0767F7" box="[212,302,1672,1696]" pageId="55" pageNumber="817" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
indication.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD5BA875FFC4FFC7FF4CF3AC0E0961E8" blockId="56.[144,288,167,191]" box="[144,288,167,191]" pageId="56" pageNumber="818">
|
||
<emphasis id="EF907467FFC4FFC7FF4CF3AC0E0961E8" box="[144,288,167,191]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="818">
|
||
<typeStatus id="025F16D7FFC4FFC7FF4CF3AC0FE161E8" box="[144,200,167,191]" pageId="56" pageNumber="818">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD5BA875FFC4FFC7FF4CF3C40CA261B0" blockId="56.[144,907,207,231]" box="[144,907,207,231]" pageId="56" pageNumber="818">
|
||
“Oceanus Atlanticus” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFC4FFC7FE49F3C40D3361B0" author="Pallas PS" box="[405,538,207,231]" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" refId="ref27782" refString="Pallas PS. 1766. Elenchus zoophytorum sistens generum adumbrationes generaliores et specierum cognitarum succinctas descriptiones cum selectis auctorum synonymis (Hagae Comitum)." type="book" year="1766">Pallas 1766</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); “West Indies” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFC4FFC7FD07F3C40C5661B0" author="Simpson JJ" box="[731,895,207,231]" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" pagination="247 - 386" refId="ref28004" refString="Simpson JJ. 1910. A revision of the Gorgonellidae: the Juncellid group. Proc R Ir Acad Sec B, Biol Geol Chem Sci. XXVIII (7): 247 - 386." type="journal article" year="1910">Simpson 1910</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD5BA875FFC4FFC7FF4CF21C0EBA6078" blockId="56.[144,403,279,303]" box="[144,403,279,303]" pageId="56" pageNumber="818">
|
||
<emphasis id="EF907467FFC4FFC7FF4CF21C0EBA6078" box="[144,403,279,303]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="818">Geographic distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD5BA875FFC4FFC7FF4CF24B0C5560A0" blockId="56.[144,1104,319,503]" pageId="56" pageNumber="818">
|
||
Western Atlantic: east coast of Florida (
|
||
<quantity id="1A1C0590FFC4FFC7FD8DF2340D9C6000" box="[593,693,319,343]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" unit="m" value="29.5" valueMax="38.0" valueMin="21.0">21–38 m</quantity>
|
||
), north of Gulf of Mexico (
|
||
<quantity id="1A1C0590FFC4FFC7FC3AF2340B616000" box="[998,1096,319,343]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" metricValueMax="7.7" metricValueMin="7.5" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" unit="m" value="76.0" valueMax="77.0" valueMin="75.0">75–77 m</quantity>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFC4FFC7FF4BF2540E336020" author="Bayer FM" box="[151,282,351,375]" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" pagination="1 - 373" refId="ref25517" refString="Bayer FM. 1961. The shallow-water Octocorallia of the West Indian region. A manual for marine biologists. Uitgaven: Natuurwetenchappelijke Studiekring voor Suriname en de Nederlandse Antillen. 23: 1 - 373." type="journal article" year="1961">Bayer 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Antilles (
|
||
<quantity id="1A1C0590FFC4FFC7FE4EF2540D266020" box="[402,527,351,375]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2399999999999998" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="1.68" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" unit="m" value="324.0" valueMax="480.0" valueMin="168.0">168–480 m</quantity>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFC4FFC7FDF9F2540DC06020" author="Deichmann E" box="[549,745,351,375]" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref26228" refString="Deichmann E. 1936. The Alcyonaria of the western part of the Atlantic Ocean. Mem Mus Comp Zool Harvard Coll. 53: 1 - 317." type="journal article" year="1936">Deichmann 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); north of South America south to off the Amazon (
|
||
<quantity id="1A1C0590FFC4FFC7FEACF2740EC460C0" box="[368,493,383,407]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.69" metricValueMax="2.01" metricValueMin="1.3699999999999999" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" unit="m" value="169.0" valueMax="201.0" valueMin="137.0">137–201 m</quantity>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFC4FFC7FDDFF2740DAE60C0" author="Bayer FM" box="[515,647,383,407]" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref25490" refString="Bayer FM. 1959. Octocorals from Surinam and the adjacent coasts of South America. Stud Fauna Surin Guianas. 6: 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1959">Bayer 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), eastern and south-eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A5F3E8E5FFC4FFC7FC1AF2740B2460C0" box="[966,1037,383,407]" name="Brazil" pageId="56" pageNumber="818">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
: from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1F206697FFC4FFC7FF4CF2940FC460E0" box="[144,237,415,439]" country="Brazil" name="Alagoas" pageId="56" pageNumber="818">Alagoas</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="EF907467FFC4FFC7FEDCF2940E2560E0" box="[256,268,415,439]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="818">c</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B8D0CEB2FFC4FFC7FEC6F2940E7C60E0" box="[282,341,415,439]" degrees="10" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" precision="55555" value="-10.0">10° S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFC4FFC7FEACF2940D4660E0" author="Tixier-Durivault A" box="[368,623,415,439]" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" pagination="145 - 169" refId="ref28078" refString="Tixier-Durivault A. 1970. Octocoralliaires. Campagne de la " Calypso " au large des cotes atlantiques de l'Amerique du Sud (1961 - 1962). Ann Inst Ocean. 47: 145 - 169." type="journal article" year="1970">Tixier-Durivault 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) to
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1F206697FFC4FFC7FD78F2940CA060E0" box="[676,905,415,439]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="56" pageNumber="818">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="EF907467FFC4FFC7FC40F2940C8160E0" box="[924,936,415,439]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="818">c</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B8D0CEB2FFC4FFC7FC6AF2940CD860E0" box="[950,1009,415,439]" degrees="30" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" precision="55555" value="-30.0">30° S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) States. Oceanic areas in the South Atlantic: Jaseur Seamount, Columbia Seamount, Almirante Saldanha Seamount, and Martin Vaz Island (
|
||
<figureCitation id="45DFB4F0FFC4FFC7FCD0F2D40C4560A0" box="[780,876,479,503]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[58,125,1365,1387]" captionTargetBox="[186,1466,455,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-51@4.[186,1466,455,1336]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Map of distribution of reef octocorals in different regions off the Brazilian coastline. The Espírito Santo State area (*) includes the Vitória- Trindade seamount chain. “BA Sector” refer to a division of reef areas in Bahia State by Leão (1996)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5207418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5207418/files/figure.png" pageId="56" pageNumber="818">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD5BA875FFC4FFC7FF4CF12C0FDA6368" blockId="56.[144,243,551,575]" box="[144,243,551,575]" pageId="56" pageNumber="818">
|
||
<emphasis id="EF907467FFC4FFC7FF4CF12C0FDA6368" box="[144,243,551,575]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="818">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD5BA875FFC4FFC7FF4CF1440CD76210" blockId="56.[144,1104,591,1223]" pageId="56" pageNumber="818">
|
||
The Brazilian specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AE4D3F6FFC4FFC7FE2CF1440D606330" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1857" box="[496,585,591,615]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Ellisella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EF907467FFC4FFC7FE2CF1440D606330" box="[496,585,591,615]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="818">Ellisella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were previously included in two species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AE4D3F6FFC4FFC7FF4CF1640E1863D0" authorityName=": Humann" authorityYear="1993" box="[144,305,623,647]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Ellisella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="barbadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EF907467FFC4FFC7FF4CF1640E1863D0" box="[144,305,623,647]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="818">E. barbadensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AE4D3F6FFC4FFC7FEB0F1640EC063D0" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1766" box="[364,489,623,647]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Gorgonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="EF907467FFC4FFC7FEB0F1640EC063D0" box="[364,489,623,647]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="818">E. elongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFC4FFC7FDF8F17B0D8063D0" author="Bayer FM" box="[548,681,623,648]" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref25490" refString="Bayer FM. 1959. Octocorals from Surinam and the adjacent coasts of South America. Stud Fauna Surin Guianas. 6: 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1959">Bayer 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Deichmann’s drawings of the sclerites show only dumb-bells and double-cones for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AE4D3F6FFC4FFC7FD72F1840C7963F0" authorityName=": Humann" authorityYear="1993" box="[686,848,655,679]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Ellisella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="barbadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EF907467FFC4FFC7FD72F1840C7963F0" box="[686,848,655,679]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="818">E. barbadensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFC4FFC7FC81F1840B0063F0" author="Deichmann E" box="[861,1065,655,679]" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref26228" refString="Deichmann E. 1936. The Alcyonaria of the western part of the Atlantic Ocean. Mem Mus Comp Zool Harvard Coll. 53: 1 - 317." type="journal article" year="1936">Deichmann, 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 24, figs. 1–19), whereas they also show capstans, besides these forms, for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AE4D3F6FFC4FFC7FC0EF1A40B666390" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1766" box="[978,1103,687,711]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Gorgonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="EF907467FFC4FFC7FC0EF1A40B666390" box="[978,1103,687,711]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="818">E. elongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFC4FFC7FF4BF1C40E7463B0" author="Deichmann E" box="[151,349,719,743]" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref26228" refString="Deichmann E. 1936. The Alcyonaria of the western part of the Atlantic Ocean. Mem Mus Comp Zool Harvard Coll. 53: 1 - 317." type="journal article" year="1936">Deichmann 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 24, figs. 46–48). Accordingly, the presence of capstans should, therefore, differentiate these species.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFC4FFC7FD93F1FB0DC86250" author="Bayer FM" box="[591,737,751,776]" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref25490" refString="Bayer FM. 1959. Octocorals from Surinam and the adjacent coasts of South America. Stud Fauna Surin Guianas. 6: 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1959">Bayer (1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs. 9–12; 1961: figs. 93–94) endorsed Deichman’s opinion, mentioning that “the ‘capstan’ form of the cortical sclerites differentiates
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AE4D3F6FFC4FFC7FE56F0240D616210" authorityName="MNRJ" authorityYear="1841" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[394,584,815,839]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Ellisella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="EF907467FFC4FFC7FE56F0240D616210" box="[394,584,815,839]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="818">Ellisella elongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AE4D3F6FFC4FFC7FD52F0240C066210" authorityName=": Humann" authorityYear="1993" box="[654,815,815,839]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Ellisella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="barbadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EF907467FFC4FFC7FD52F0240C066210" box="[654,815,815,839]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="818">E. barbadensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
...” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFC4FFC7FCB1F0240CD86210" author="Bayer FM" box="[877,1009,815,839]" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" pagination="1 - 373" refId="ref25517" refString="Bayer FM. 1961. The shallow-water Octocorallia of the West Indian region. A manual for marine biologists. Uitgaven: Natuurwetenchappelijke Studiekring voor Suriname en de Nederlandse Antillen. 23: 1 - 373." type="journal article" year="1961">Bayer 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD5BA875FFC4FFC7FF66F05B0E066590" blockId="56.[144,1104,591,1223]" pageId="56" pageNumber="818">
|
||
However, the number of available colonies from the South Atlantic has been considerably enlarged in the last 10 years, making it possible to examine larger series. According to this material, it is impossible to indicate any character to differentiate these two species based on the differences indicated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFC4FFC7FC15F0A40FF262B0" author="Deichmann E" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref26228" refString="Deichmann E. 1936. The Alcyonaria of the western part of the Atlantic Ocean. Mem Mus Comp Zool Harvard Coll. 53: 1 - 317." type="journal article" year="1936">Deichmann (1936)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFC4FFC7FF3BF0DB0E5C62B0" author="Bayer FM" box="[231,373,975,1000]" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref25490" refString="Bayer FM. 1959. Octocorals from Surinam and the adjacent coasts of South America. Stud Fauna Surin Guianas. 6: 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1959">Bayer (1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B975D584FFC4FFC7FE5DF0C40E9262B0" author="Bayer FM" box="[385,443,975,999]" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" pagination="1 - 373" refId="ref25517" refString="Bayer FM. 1961. The shallow-water Octocorallia of the West Indian region. A manual for marine biologists. Uitgaven: Natuurwetenchappelijke Studiekring voor Suriname en de Nederlandse Antillen. 23: 1 - 373." type="journal article" year="1961">1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), or any other authors. The capstans and dumb-bells are present together in most colonies. Also, groups of specimens with similar morphological traits (such as colony and polyps shapes) showed variation in the dominance between capstans, dumb-bells and intermediate forms in different parts of the colonies. This great variability of forms of sclerites in the colonies here observed show that this character is not enough to separate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AE4D3F6FFC4FFC7FD11F7640C5865D0" authorityName=": Humann" authorityYear="1993" box="[717,881,1135,1159]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Ellisella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="barbadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EF907467FFC4FFC7FD11F7640C5865D0" box="[717,881,1135,1159]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="818">E. barbadensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AE4D3F6FFC4FFC7FC1BF7640B6E65D0" authorityName="MNRJ" authorityYear="1841" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[967,1095,1135,1159]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Ellisella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="56" pageNumber="818" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="EF907467FFC4FFC7FC1BF7640B6E65D0" box="[967,1095,1135,1159]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="818">E. elongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Accordingly, it seems to be more reasonable to keep all the studied material in a single species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |