217 lines
27 KiB
XML
217 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.683.12080" ID-PMC="PMC5523356" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-683-51" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFE5FFF8E647B33FFFFCFF9AFFB0D404" ID-PubMed="28769729" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1149788" ID-ZooBank="D7FD86CA6374480C821BA10C26CDDF32" ModsDocID="1313-2970-683-51" checkinTime="1502744546974" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Anzaldo, Salvatore S." docDate="2017" docId="550882B0A28D3B4EE631333DE84FBB3A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 683: 51-138" docOrigin="ZooKeys 683" docPubDate="2017-07-07" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.683.12080" docTitle="Trichodocerus Chevrolat 1879" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="FFE5FFF8E647B33FFFFCFF9AFFB0D404" lastPageNumber="64" masterDocId="FFE5FFF8E647B33FFFFCFF9AFFB0D404" masterDocTitle="Review of the genera of Conoderinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) from North America, Central America, and the Caribbean" masterLastPageNumber="138" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="64" updateTime="1668164589837" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Review of the genera of Conoderinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) from North America, Central America, and the Caribbean</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Anzaldo, Salvatore S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, PO Box 874501, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287 - 4501, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">sanzaldo@asu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2017-07-07</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>683</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>51</mods:start>
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<mods:end>138</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.683.12080</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.683.12080</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-683-51</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D7FD86CA6374480C821BA10C26CDDF32</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFE5FFF8E647B33FFFFCFF9AFFB0D404</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1149788</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="132649145" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:550882B0A28D3B4EE631333DE84FBB3A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/550882B0A28D3B4EE631333DE84FBB3A" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="64" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="64">
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<taxonomicName LSID="550882B0-A28D-3B4E-E631-333DE84FBB3A" authority="Chevrolat, 1879: XCII" authorityName="Chevrolat" authorityYear="1879" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Trichodocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichodocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trichodocerus Chevrolat, 1879: XCII</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–9" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 9. Variation in the mesoventrite. 1 Trichodocerus brevilineatus [ARTSYS 0000616] showing a prosternal rostral " sheath " with the sides converging below the procoxae, the transverse ridge anterior to the mesocoxae and the region of the mesoventrite posterior to the ridge with dense yellow scales 2 Lobops bonvouloiri [ARTSYS 0000527] showing a cup-shaped receptacle for receiving the rostrum 3 Piazurus trifoveatus [SSAC 0001118] with an " open " channel on the mesoventrite 4 Pseudopinarus condyliatus [SSAC 0001116] with an " open " channel on the mesoventrite 5 Acoptus suturalis [ASUHIC 0016914] showing a flat, unmodified mesoventrite 6 Copturus sanguinicollis [ASUHIC 0086638] showing a closed receptacle on the mesoventrite with lateral flanges 7 Cylindrocopturinus pictus [SSAC 0001288] showing a rostral channel of the mesoventrite formed by relatively parallel carinae and no posterior termination 8 Euzurus ornativentris [ARTSYS 0000796] 9 Hoplocopturus javeti [SSAC 0001289] with an inverted U-shaped carina and the region posterior to the carina invaginated." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.683.12080.figures1–8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/143826" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 19–36" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 19 - 36. Variation in the metatibial apex. 19 Mesotibial apex of Lechriops vestitus illustrating parts of the tibial apex: a) posterior apical angle with large, curved uncus; b) middle of the apex with produced, rounded inner flange; c) anterior apical margin with premucro; d) oblique ridge of premucro; e) apical setal tuft 20 Male Trichodocerus brevilineatus [ARTSYS 0000609] with a tibial uncus arising at the middle of the apex 21 Cratosomus punctulatus mexicanus [ASUHIC 0031510] with thick fascicles of golden setae near the anterior apical margin and a dense setal brush at the posterior apical face 22 Pseudopiazurus centraliamericanus [ASUHIC 0086627] with a large, subapical premucro 23 Piazurus laetus [SSAC 0001077], showing a typical tibial apex for that genus 24 Acoptus suturalis [ASUHIC 0016915] 25 Cylindrocopturinus pictus [SSAC 0001288] with a pointed, premucro-like inner flange 26 Pseudolechriops klopferi [SSAC 0001060] showing an elongate, uncus-like inner flange. 27 Arachnomorpha circumlineata [ARTSYS 0000535] 28 Archocopturus medeterae [ASUHIC 16884] 29 Cylindrocopturus adspersus [ASUHIC 0016896] with a rounded, produced inner flange 30 Helleriella longicollis [ASUHIC 0065241] with a very short uncus 31 Lissoderes cecropiae [ASUHIC 0064707] with an elongate uncus and minute premucro 32 Phileas granulatus [ARTSYS 0000528] with the middle of the apex (between uncus and premucro) sunken 33 Peltophorus adustus [ASUHIC 0012325] with a short uncus and posterodistal setal comb extending halfway to the base of the tibia 34 Zygops erythropygus [ASUHIC 0086640] with short posterodistal setal comb. 35 Philenis flavipes [ASUHIC 0065102] 36 Philinna bicristata [ARTSYS 0000799] with a small tooth at the anterior apical angle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.683.12080.figures19–36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/143828" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">, 20</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 37–45" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 37 - 45. Variation in eye shape. 37 Trichodocerus brevilineatus [ARTSYS 0000609] with large, subcontiguous eyes that continue below rostral insertion 38 Cratosomus punctulatus mexicanus [ASUHIC 0031510] with relatively small, widely separated eyes 39 Lobops bonvouloiri [ARTSYS 0000658] with widely separated eyes and the frons concave between the upper half of the eye 40 Pseudopiazurus centraliamericanus [ASUHIC 0086627] with very large eyes that are contiguous in upper half 41 Pseudopinarus guyanensis [ASUHIC 0086636] with large, subcontiguous eyes and an arcuate carina on the vertex of the head 42 Acoptus suturalis [ASUHIC 0016914] with subcontiguous eyes separated at the top by a lanceolate space 43 Cylindrocopturinus pictus [SSAC 0001288] 44 Macrocopturus lynceus [SSAC 0001085] with very large, partially contiguous eyes 45 Microzygops nigrofasciatus [ARTSYS 0000802] with large eyes contiguous in the bottom 2 / 3 and widely separated at the top." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.683.12080.figures37–45" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/143829" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">, 37</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 67–70" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 67 - 70. Lateral and dorsal habitus images of Trichodocerini and Piazurini. Scale bars = 2 mm unless otherwise specified. 67 a-b Trichodocerus spinolae [ARTSYS 0000534] 68 a-b Cratosomus lafontii [SSAC 0001133]; scale bars = 10 mm 69 a-b Lobops bonvouloiri [ARTSYS 0000527] 70 a-b Piazurus caprimulgus [SSAC 0001113]." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.683.12080.figures67–70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/143831" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">, 67</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="64" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="64">
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=
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bondar" authorityYear="1946" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Mallerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mallerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mallerus</taxonomicName>
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Bondar, 1946: 86 [Syn.:
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<bibRefCitation author="Bondar, G" journalOrPublisher="Revista de Entomologia, Rio de Janeiro" pageId="52" pageNumber="103" pagination="273 - 295" refId="B11" refString="Bondar, G, 1947. Notas Entomologicas da Baia. XIX. Revista de Entomologia, Rio de Janeiro 18 (3): 273 - 295" title="Notas Entomologicas da Baia. XIX." volume="18" year="1947">Bondar 1947</bibRefCitation>
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: 294]. Type species:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bondar" authorityYear="1946" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Mallerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mallerus antiquus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antiquus">Mallerus antiquus</taxonomicName>
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Bondar, 1946 [by original designation].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="64" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="64">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chevrolat" authorityYear="1879" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Trichodocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichodocerus spinolae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinolae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Trichodocerus spinolae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Chevrolat, 1879 [by subsequent designation: Champion 1906: 713].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="64" type="gender">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Gender.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Masculine.</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.683.12080.figures67–70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/143831" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" start="Figures 67–70" startId="F7">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="64">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Figures 67-70.</emphasis>
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Lateral and dorsal habitus images of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Champion" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Trichodocerini" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichodocerini" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trichodocerini</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1865" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Piazurini" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Piazurini" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Piazurini</taxonomicName>
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. Scale bars = 2 mm unless otherwise specified.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">67a-b</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chevrolat" authorityYear="1879" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Trichodocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichodocerus spinolae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinolae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Trichodocerus spinolae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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[ARTSYS0000534]
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">68a-b</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Cratosomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cratosomus lafontii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lafontii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Cratosomus lafontii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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[SSAC0001133]; scale bars = 10 mm
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">69a-b</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuschel" authorityYear="1955" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Lobops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lobops bonvouloiri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bonvouloiri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Lobops bonvouloiri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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[ARTSYS0000527]
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">70a-b</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1838" class="Insecta" family="Lecythidaceae" genus="Piazurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Piazurus caprimulgus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caprimulgus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Piazurus caprimulgus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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[SSAC0001113].
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="64" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="64">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chevrolat" authorityYear="1879" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Trichodocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichodocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Trichodocerus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is easily separated from all other genera treated here by the loose antennal club, the presence of elongate setae on the club and funicular articles, contiguous procoxae, a prosternal rostral channel with the lateral margins strongly converging and meeting below the procoxae, a mesoventrite with a transverse ventrally produced ridge anterior to mesocoxae and the mesoventrite posterior to ridge with dense yellow scales (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–9" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 9. Variation in the mesoventrite. 1 Trichodocerus brevilineatus [ARTSYS 0000616] showing a prosternal rostral " sheath " with the sides converging below the procoxae, the transverse ridge anterior to the mesocoxae and the region of the mesoventrite posterior to the ridge with dense yellow scales 2 Lobops bonvouloiri [ARTSYS 0000527] showing a cup-shaped receptacle for receiving the rostrum 3 Piazurus trifoveatus [SSAC 0001118] with an " open " channel on the mesoventrite 4 Pseudopinarus condyliatus [SSAC 0001116] with an " open " channel on the mesoventrite 5 Acoptus suturalis [ASUHIC 0016914] showing a flat, unmodified mesoventrite 6 Copturus sanguinicollis [ASUHIC 0086638] showing a closed receptacle on the mesoventrite with lateral flanges 7 Cylindrocopturinus pictus [SSAC 0001288] showing a rostral channel of the mesoventrite formed by relatively parallel carinae and no posterior termination 8 Euzurus ornativentris [ARTSYS 0000796] 9 Hoplocopturus javeti [SSAC 0001289] with an inverted U-shaped carina and the region posterior to the carina invaginated." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.683.12080.figures1–8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/143826" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">1</figureCitation>
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), and the presence of stridulatory plectra on the male seventh abdominal tergite. Funicular article 1 is short and globose, the hind femora are not carinate and ventrally with one or no teeth, the femoral apices are always unarmed at the lateral and mesal faces, the eyes of most species have a distinct lower constriction lateral to rostral insertion (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 37–45" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 37 - 45. Variation in eye shape. 37 Trichodocerus brevilineatus [ARTSYS 0000609] with large, subcontiguous eyes that continue below rostral insertion 38 Cratosomus punctulatus mexicanus [ASUHIC 0031510] with relatively small, widely separated eyes 39 Lobops bonvouloiri [ARTSYS 0000658] with widely separated eyes and the frons concave between the upper half of the eye 40 Pseudopiazurus centraliamericanus [ASUHIC 0086627] with very large eyes that are contiguous in upper half 41 Pseudopinarus guyanensis [ASUHIC 0086636] with large, subcontiguous eyes and an arcuate carina on the vertex of the head 42 Acoptus suturalis [ASUHIC 0016914] with subcontiguous eyes separated at the top by a lanceolate space 43 Cylindrocopturinus pictus [SSAC 0001288] 44 Macrocopturus lynceus [SSAC 0001085] with very large, partially contiguous eyes 45 Microzygops nigrofasciatus [ARTSYS 0000802] with large eyes contiguous in the bottom 2 / 3 and widely separated at the top." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.683.12080.figures37–45" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/143829" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">37</figureCitation>
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), the abdominal ventrites are slightly ascending, and the pygidium is concealed (slightly exposed in male
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. spinolae" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" rank="species" species="spinolae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">T. spinolae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and male of at least 1 undescribed species).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="64" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="64">
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The contiguous procoxae efficiently separates
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chevrolat" authorityYear="1879" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Trichodocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichodocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Trichodocerus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from all genera except some species of the very different
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Zygops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Zygops</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The yellow scales of the mesocoxae and mesoventrite have also been observed in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Champion" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Arachnomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Arachnomorpha" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Arachnomorpha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Champion, 1906 (on the pro- and mesocoxae),
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Champion" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Microzygops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microzygops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Microzygops</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Champion, 1906 (on the procoxae), and some species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Lechriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lechriops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Lechriops</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1895" class="Insecta" family="Meliaceae" genus="Macrocopturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macrocopturus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Macrocopturus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(on the pro- and mesocoxae and ventrally on the mesofemora), but in those genera they are not also present on the mesoventrite between the mesocoxae.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="64" type="phylogenetic relationships">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Phylogenetic relationships.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="64">
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The numerous features that easily separate
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chevrolat" authorityYear="1879" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Trichodocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichodocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Trichodocerus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from the rest of the conoderines are potentially indicative of improper placement in the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1833" lsidName="" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Conoderinae">Conoderinae</taxonomicName>
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, however, the same unique characters prevent confident reassignment to another group of
|
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Curculionidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Champion (1906: 713) noted the similarity of the antennal funicle to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pascoe" authorityYear="1870" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Hedycera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hedycera" order="Guttiferales" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Hedycera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Pascoe, 1870, a South American genus here reassigned to the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1865" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Piazurini" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Piazurini" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Piazurini</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="64" type="host">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Host associations.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="64">
|
||
The genus is apparently nocturnal, with most observed specimens being collected at UV light traps - 488 specimens were collected by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wolda, H" journalOrPublisher="Southwestern Entomologist, supplement" pageId="58" pageNumber="109" refId="B155" refString="Wolda, H, O'Brien, CW, Stockwell, HP, 1998. Weevil diversity and seasonal abundance in tropical Panama as deduced from light-trap catches (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 590." title="Weevil diversity and seasonal abundance in tropical Panama as deduced from light-trap catches (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 590." year="1998">Wolda et al. (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, representing three of the 17 species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1833" lsidName="" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Conoderinae">Conoderinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
with more than 10 specimens collected. One undescribed species has been reared from balsa,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Urban" authorityYear="1920" baseAuthorityName="Cav." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Ochroma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ochroma pyramidale" order="Malvales" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pyramidale">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Ochroma pyramidale</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Cav. ex Lam.) Urb. (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="O.Swartz" authorityYear="1788" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malvales" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="O.Swartz" authorityYear="1788" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malvales" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Bombacoideae">Bombacoideae</taxonomicName>
|
||
Burnett) (Hespenheide, personal communication). An observed specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. brevilineatus" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" rank="species" species="brevilineatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">T. brevilineatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Champion, 1906 [STRI_ENT_008474] was recorded from dead branches of balsa and an undescribed species [SSAC0001000] was collected on balsa leaves; another observed undescribed species has been collected on dead branches of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Benth" authorityYear="1844" class="Equisetopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Pachira" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pachira sessilis" order="Malvales" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="sessilis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Pachira sessilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Benth. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Equisetopsida" family="Malvaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malvales" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Bombacoideae">Bombacoideae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) [STRI_ENT_0084793].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="64" type="described species">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Described species.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="64">
|
||
Two species are known from the focal region and one additional described species occurs in South America. I have accumulated and distinguished over 20 species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chevrolat" authorityYear="1879" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Trichodocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichodocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Trichodocerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
new to science as part of a revision currently in preparation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="64" type="range">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Range.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="64">Guatemala, Costa Rica, Panama; South America. Undescribed species are also known from Mexico.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |