113 lines
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113 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document id="B28DEB68E009AFE573438499AE087952" ID-CLB-Dataset="305600" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.61.7634" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e13f9cab-161a-4fa5-8abf-a32c89ac276f" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-1324-1" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1860-1324-1" ModsDocOrigin="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 61 (1)" ModsDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the cryptic ant genus Probolomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Proceratiinae) in Madagascar" checkinTime="1418151654458" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hita Garcia, Francisco & Fisher, Brian L." docDate="2014" docId="549EF61014066A29310D281409C4BE51" docLanguage="en" docName="DeutEntomolZeit 61(1): 65-76" docOrigin="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 61 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.61.7634" docTitle="Probolomyrmex Mayr" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="65" masterDocId="8E260B72E90DFFE2A1528C4FCB791C3B" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the cryptic ant genus Probolomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Proceratiinae) in Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="76" masterPageNumber="65" pageNumber="65" updateTime="1732802577657" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="215A276C161471BA565C6E6CC72958C6">Taxonomic revision of the cryptic ant genus Probolomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Proceratiinae) in Madagascar</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9123287448695A64F6D2F075C0B37846">Hita Garcia, Francisco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E9F2854E10ABC6B78DB5B98FB0FFC351">Fisher, Brian L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="013A9DB48F48ACA441B34E3737F33A9B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="CCDDC76EAB40A406FCB933A5217B0233">Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="36052C771DFAA8EDEEF07B4CD6F9AD0D">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="02C92C1D1CC6ACCB17D7BB3221A7825D">61</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="7258105F6A5B9B54D480CBE4AC14DAF7">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="05538FB98F83CAD59068F7F42E34BCFB" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.61.7634</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0BF888C7653F835B8E7F47B6273A1D59" type="Pensoft-Pub">1860-1324-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="549EF61014066A29310D281409C4BE51" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127889628" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:549EF61014066A29310D281409C4BE51" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/549EF61014066A29310D281409C4BE51" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" scope_family="Formicidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera">
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<subSubSection id="C66F16F04B73E195AC7C1C80111EA20D" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B085CD59634BFDAFC8B4178C633199AB" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="BABD5FC87BA46DCAA3936071C43EB0AE" ID-CoL="6W3X" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Probolomyrmex" authority="Mayr" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Probolomyrmex Mayr</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="48D574184F16A7446BFD27C6AF504DFC" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="99151E615A93484BCB6A87C29D0E5EF0" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName id="D7B37333A6A4FF3DCF5B394982FC2032" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Probolomyrmex</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="98577E9F0C7DAEA541E30721F43239AA" author="Mayr, G" journalOrPublisher="Annalen des Kaiserlich-Koeniglichen Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 30" title="Suedafrikanische Formiciden, gesammelt von Dr. Hans Brauns" volume="16" year="1901">Mayr 1901</bibRefCitation>
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: 2. Type species:
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<taxonomicName id="5AD56D76969D4027C40238EF92B6F97A" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex filiformis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">Probolomyrmex filiformis</taxonomicName>
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Mayr, by monotypy.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D19127EBDF5A488FDC563C9EB43CA6C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName id="9E8ADA461C48D6F8BF38B51EF57FC771" class="Gammaproteobacteria" family="Enterobacteriaceae" genus="Escherichia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Bacteria" lsidName="Escherichia" order="Enterobacteriales" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Proteobacteria" rank="genus">Escherichia</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="9D01995150EFF61BADF78F0CED3DD7B6" author="Forel, A" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Jahrbuecher, Abteilung fuer Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" pagination="243 - 274" title="Ameisen aus der Kolonie Erythrea. Gesammelt von Prof. Dr. K. Escherich (nebst einigen in West-Abessinien von Herrn A. Ilg gesammelten Ameisen)" volume="29" year="1910">Forel 1910</bibRefCitation>
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: 245. Type species:
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<taxonomicName id="FB55E268EC9DC58C435CB1B24930CEBB" class="Gammaproteobacteria" family="Enterobacteriaceae" genus="Escherichia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Bacteria" lsidName="Escherichia brevirostris" order="Enterobacteriales" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Proteobacteria" rank="species" species="brevirostris">Escherichia brevirostris</taxonomicName>
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Forel, by monotypy. [synonymised by
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<bibRefCitation id="C0DFE82A0A23084A211C186524EB0E8C" author="Taylor, RW" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" pagination="345 - 365" title="A monographic revision of the rare tropicopolitan ant genus Probolomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)" url="10.1111/j.1365-2311.1965.tb00044.x" volume="117" year="1965">Taylor 1965</bibRefCitation>
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: 346]
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5B096C280888AA3467550E823A6BBA85" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="notes">
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<paragraph id="97008B8FBD2008B9A000862D19EDA673" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D17DEAC4E97469FC936184252A145D8D" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
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Detailed diagnoses were given by
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<bibRefCitation id="3D499A04DF6C9D2F01480A92EA504CF0" author="Taylor, RW" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" pagination="345 - 365" title="A monographic revision of the rare tropicopolitan ant genus Probolomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)" url="10.1111/j.1365-2311.1965.tb00044.x" volume="117" year="1965">Taylor (1965)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="1EE22329C4F2076FD3395625D32962FA" author="Bolton, B" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 370" title="Synopsis and classification of Formicidae" volume="71" year="2003">Bolton (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="8366CE524314F1D26E59CA880E7C7040" author="Eguchi, K" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 35" title="The Oriental species of the ant genus Probolomyrmex (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Proceratiinae)" volume="1376" year="2006">Eguchi et al. (2006)</bibRefCitation>
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, and
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<bibRefCitation id="CBCB9E6889B2A9909E232F4010D2FB2C" author="Keller, RA" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 90" title="A phylogenetic analysis of ant morphology (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) with special reference to the poneromorph subfamilies" url="10.1206/355.1" volume="355" year="2011">Keller (2011)</bibRefCitation>
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. The material from Madagascar treated herein matches them almost perfectly with one exception. The lack of any sutures or grooves on the mesosoma of
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<taxonomicName id="A54CC696D0A94355D0DE1DEA5CA67743" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Probolomyrmex</taxonomicName>
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is a widely accepted genus-specific character, but we observed the presence of a small but noticeable metanotal groove in two of the three Malagasy species.
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<taxonomicName id="158E33E764BA26B6D55D515B62817F81" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Probolomyrmex</taxonomicName>
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ants are always easily recognisable from other ants on the basis of their long and slender bodies, almost complete lack of pilosity, the long sting, and especially the frontoclypeal shelf bearing the antennal insertions (
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<bibRefCitation id="D8B282F34E40DA069ECA01277FF2442A" author="Taylor, RW" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" pagination="345 - 365" title="A monographic revision of the rare tropicopolitan ant genus Probolomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)" url="10.1111/j.1365-2311.1965.tb00044.x" volume="117" year="1965">Taylor 1965</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="D56769FE3006FE3EA116E28240DEFDEB" author="Agosti, D" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the New York Entomological Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" pagination="429 - 434" title="A revision of the South American species of the ant genus Probolomyrmex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)" volume="102" year="1994">Agosti 1994</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<bibRefCitation id="F17C7DA5EE121E25AB168D2842BFAE18" author="Taylor, RW" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" pagination="345 - 365" title="A monographic revision of the rare tropicopolitan ant genus Probolomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)" url="10.1111/j.1365-2311.1965.tb00044.x" volume="117" year="1965">Taylor (1965)</bibRefCitation>
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pointed out that the structural reduction in
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<taxonomicName id="F93197B76A7C991D51E9AF61F1CE32EA" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Probolomyrmex</taxonomicName>
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is extreme, which leaves only a few, useful diagnostic characters, such as dimensions and proportions of head, antennae, petiole, as well as surface sculpture. Based on the material from Madagascar, however, we do not consider surface sculpture to be too important for species diagnostics. We observed some noticeable variation within species. Consequently, we tried to avoid using surface sculpture as primary diagnostic character, and used it only as supporting character.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2CCF4B9FB6831167E238F26647D93380" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
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All three species treated in this study are placed in the
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<taxonomicName id="2752089ED0FDC3FFFD72F135C227F88D" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex greavesi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greavesi">Probolomyrmex greavesi</taxonomicName>
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species group sensu
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<bibRefCitation id="C65366A269A700CC4E157BF346D8AC73" author="Eguchi, K" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 35" title="The Oriental species of the ant genus Probolomyrmex (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Proceratiinae)" volume="1376" year="2006">Eguchi et al. (2006)</bibRefCitation>
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, mostly on the basis of the well-developed ventral process. The two species groups hypothesised by
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<bibRefCitation id="ED95B1DE43846180D48A1DC980152E4C" author="Eguchi, K" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 35" title="The Oriental species of the ant genus Probolomyrmex (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Proceratiinae)" volume="1376" year="2006">Eguchi et al. (2006)</bibRefCitation>
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work very well for the Oriental and Indo-Australian regions, and there is no reason to create a new group for the three species from Madagascar. As already pointed out by
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<bibRefCitation id="209051BFDD6B5B122547EE7002850140" author="Fisher, BL" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" pagination="146 - 152" title="A new species of Probolomyrmex from Madagascar" volume="80" year="2007">Fisher (2007)</bibRefCitation>
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for
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<taxonomicName id="9BAC5B066807A2A29F094E7E230A4434" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex tani" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tani">Probolomyrmex tani</taxonomicName>
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, the Afrotropical species, which can also be placed in the
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<taxonomicName id="AF5CA5B1E5BA0B06F539B3F804E128BA" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex greavesi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greavesi">Probolomyrmex greavesi</taxonomicName>
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species group, appear morphologically close to the three species from Madagascar suggesting a close relationship. At the moment however, it is not possible to assess the phylogenetic relationships of the Malagasy species with the species from other regions in a comprehensive way due to the high morphological uniformity and lack of diagnostic characters. A highly desirable multi-gene molecular phylogenetic analysis might provide insights into the subgeneric relationships within
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<taxonomicName id="E2D36CC279B5ACC7619CFC2F98909960" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Probolomyrmex</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |