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<mods:title id="229B9CDC9783C837F9352D06DB45250B">Revision of the wingless Sikkimia Duvivier (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae) from Taiwan, including a new generic synonymy and four new species descriptions</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7E8667C6F3AEFB53EEE661F0A5EB201F">Lee, Chi-Feng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="79D37212675C879CADC99D786B445B82">Bezdek, Jan</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="548EB46D13BFD45F341A358BD9A10CF4" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127872511" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:548EB46D13BFD45F341A358BD9A10CF4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/548EB46D13BFD45F341A358BD9A10CF4" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="86" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" scope_family="Chrysomelidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Galerucinae">
<subSubSection id="B2E06E69674339C22FDCF355C2979545" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="A12196FEFF684AD739512067CF47822E" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Chrysomelidae</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2C80A7B3D40D67A7B1B781161CECF46E" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="FDBB6E9E892FDEB03AC08A9047112757" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
<taxonomicName id="6D2CA8AA7B34D67F65D6680CB92DD413" authority="Kimoto, 1989" authorityName="Kimoto" authorityYear="1989" genus="Sikkimia" lsidName="Sikkimia babai" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="babai">Sikkimia babai (Kimoto, 1989)</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6BEA6BA5AF3BEAB40046919489B9EE27" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9F44BAF4270438CFD25BBAF2DE79B102" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="C2A0839596DB98A85052F7769C2EC371" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
<taxonomicName id="062E35E8C7E2C2C3A06FA75F25BF90C7" genus="Taiwanolepta" lsidName="Taiwanolepta babai" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="babai">Taiwanolepta babai</taxonomicName>
Kimoto, 1989: 74.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="37B1AC68FD5FDC06E3DBC4C5673140B0" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="5F3E8761CBCF3E6697DDCD288D1D13FB" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B0DE03F9379A59123D14EA7DC66204FE" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
Taiwan: Kaoshiung county, Shinanshan (溪南山),
<geoCoordinate id="AFF77DB201F70844A5F7B00213DA9DE9" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="23.093334">23°05'36&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="6AAA8C634C7009AC92C775B85CC7929A" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="120.805">120°48'18&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 2600 m.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CAD914265C13143D5141551C6A1897BF" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" type="type material">
<paragraph id="7FDFD8B60B63544BEBDC94C5E458B0E1" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3635B1E278E04381A8CC9E32EC53AA98" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
Deposition of type specimens (holotype and one paratype) was not indicated by the original paper. The paratype ♂was found at the KMNH, labeled: &quot;Thu Yun Shan [出雲山], near Liu Kui [六龜], S-Taiwan 23.VII.1986 Col. K Baba /
<taxonomicName id="BC99DD15AD803F10A1BBA2AAAA3181A4" genus="Taiwanolepta" lsidName="Taiwanolepta babai" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="babai">Taiwanolepta babai</taxonomicName>
n. sp. Det. S. Kimoto, 1989 / PARATYPE (printed on blue paper) / PHOTO (printed on red paper)&quot;.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E49B3C9299C93E51522382C8E76B7662" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="A88D5460DC54D1885AF433ACE7F53B5F" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Other material examined</paragraph>
<paragraph id="68E41B358EC955D23FDEEB076FCF3984" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
(n= 18). Kaoshiung: 7♂♂, 7♀♀, Tengchi (藤枝),
<geoCoordinate id="5CCF58FFF8173B86E289B547C1FED690" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="23.067223">23°04'02&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="DC0D00196491763A27AB53CCAC1B64F9" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="120.75584">120°45'21&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 2.VI.2008, leg. C.-F. Lee (2 spec. in JBCB); 1♂, same locality, 26.V.2009, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♀, Shihshan logging trail (石山林道, =Tengchi), 1.X.2008, leg. M.-H. Tsao; 1♂, 3♀♀, same locality, 2.X.2008, leg. M.-H. Tsou.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BE9F347C20B7AA4F44E9976ABF1C6C95" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="86" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" type="description">
<paragraph id="E860C5008B5BBC64CD8101BCDCFB8451" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Description</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F3402417ADDE4A049071FBFA6D4FA7B" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="86" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
Male. Length 7.1-7.5 mm; width 3.9-4.1 mm. Coloration reddish-brown, head dark brown, legs and antennae black. Antenna (Fig. 17) elongate, about as long as body; antennomeres I to VIII filiform; IX widening slightly towards apex;
<normalizedToken id="0F83E2ED8038BBD769ADA2681A08F9DA" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
and XI extremely swollen (Figs 24-26, 36-38),
<normalizedToken id="DCF2F9756614890BABC6245A7D76B713" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
with a deep groove, from middle to apex, of
<pageBreakToken id="CBD6FFD6432916D5969A07CC9E5A2099" pageId="5" pageNumber="84" start="start">mesal</pageBreakToken>
surface; apex of XI pointed, weakly concave in apical 1/3 of mesal surface and in basal 1/4 of outer surface; dorsal surface with two longitudinal ridges, one centrally located, curved, from middle to basal 1/5; other longitudinal ridge along mesal surface from middle to basal 1/4; one deep groove between the two longitudinal ridges; one transverse groove near base; small process at apical 1/3 near outer margin; length ratios
<pageBreakToken id="9C765430D4E512BA3840374443DD243D" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" start="start">of</pageBreakToken>
antennomeres II to XI about 1.0: 1.2: 2.0: 1.9: 1.9: 1.9: 1.7: 1.9: 3.2: 3.5, and length to width ratios of antennomeres II to XI about 1.4: 1.5: 2.4: 2.1: 2.1: 2.3: 2.2: 1.8: 2.4: 2.0. Pronotum transverse, 1.7
<normalizedToken id="AE30284CBC554301399C78DC192B8041" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
wider than long; anterior and posterior mar
<pageBreakToken id="2D2371C93A992D5F3B097307F4CD4A5F" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" start="start">gins</pageBreakToken>
almost straight; lateral margins weakly rounded or straight; disc finely punctured. Elytra narrow, about 1.3
<normalizedToken id="33E9DBBD4FAB7138AAF3D33F985F6C71" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than wide; densely and randomly punctuate, humeri reduced. Abdominal ventrite V (Fig. 48) trilobed, internal anterior margin extended, reaching ventrite III; median longitudinal, internal ridge running from base to apex of extension. Abdominal tergite I with only spiracles sclerotized; tergites
<normalizedToken id="A1E09CF63F4C21FB9D6FF7F9AD7AD008" originalValue="IIV">II-V</normalizedToken>
with sclerotized spiracles and transverse weakly sclerotized areas; most of tergite VI and spiracles strongly sclerotized; tergite VII entirely and strongly sclerotized. Aedeagus (Figs 19-20) narrow in dorsal view, about 6.2
<normalizedToken id="382C258E49DEA092C9F6D38F3AEEE547" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than wide, parallel-sided in basal 1/3, becoming slightly narrower towards apex; apex subtriangular and pointed; ventral surface well sclerotized and smooth; narrow and moderately curved in lateral view; endophallic sclerite longitudinal and slender, bifurcate apically, about 0.3
<normalizedToken id="F18EBCD6446FF3EFB00324F7F8A2DD70" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as aedeagus.
</paragraph>
<caption id="3CF3EE29E9C691A6BE72FC48A8AAF041" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">
<paragraph id="94DBD3C1CCF1E4E34FF7D6AC116FDEF9" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">
Figures 17-23.
<taxonomicName id="453B5B942BAB7C7C8FD71CC1E468BE7E" genus="Sikkimia" lsidName="Sikkimia babai" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="babai">Sikkimia babai</taxonomicName>
(Kimoto). 17 Antenna, male 18 Antenna, female 19 Aedeagus, dorsal view 20 Aedeagus, lateral view 21 Gonocoxae 22 Eighth abdominal ventrite 23 Spermatheca.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="B8569FA82F065DF6FB8F29707C35999F" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">
<paragraph id="C8342B28F5BCF56D9D2EA4D1C2F91DCF" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">
Figures 24-35. Photographs of male antennomeres
<normalizedToken id="F55505FA705AE222CCC41BA5CF507394" originalValue="XXI">X-XI</normalizedToken>
. 24
<taxonomicName id="070F3D403029754AC93EE5A0AC18AE1A" genus="Sikkimia" lsidName="Sikkimia babai" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="babai">Sikkimia babai</taxonomicName>
(Kimoto), outer view 25 Ventral view 26 Inner view 27
<taxonomicName id="160A1F464C66639120D352230A905D3D" genus="Sikkimia" lsidName="Sikkimia meihuai" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="meihuai">Sikkimia meihuai</taxonomicName>
sp. n., outer view 28 Ventral view 29 Inner view 30
<taxonomicName id="B6CD5F0AA64662F64820C29E50CC68A3" genus="Sikkimia" lsidName="Sikkimia sufangae" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="sufangae">Sikkimia sufangae</taxonomicName>
sp. n., outer view 31 Ventral view 32 Inner view 33
<taxonomicName id="66219F37823CD5295776C77DEC34A745" genus="Sikkimia" lsidName="Sikkimia yuae" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="yuae">Sikkimia yuae</taxonomicName>
sp. n., outer view 34 Ventral view 35 Ditto, inner view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="A36AD0BBF017B0C7242D1901F5D46E36" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">
<paragraph id="C7DBCC9CCA253D28A6285389A8FC2C74" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">
Figures 36-47. Illustrations of male antennomeres
<normalizedToken id="D6FFB80ACD780330D02DD7B3A3FB0375" originalValue="XXI">X-XI</normalizedToken>
. 36
<taxonomicName id="AE6CB7974A373D10152BDCAC16906B33" genus="Sikkimia" lsidName="Sikkimia babai" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="babai">Sikkimia babai</taxonomicName>
(Kimoto), outer view 37 Ventral view 38 Inner view 39
<taxonomicName id="D1E3B1FFABCB097A913F69FA3097DB30" genus="Sikkimia" lsidName="Sikkimia meihuai" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="meihuai">Sikkimia meihuai</taxonomicName>
sp. n., outer view 40 Ventral view 41 Inner view 42
<taxonomicName id="98965EFCF6074874A5EA72DAD09193DC" genus="Sikkimia" lsidName="Sikkimia sufangae" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="sufangae">Sikkimia sufangae</taxonomicName>
sp. n., outer view 43 Ventral view 44 Inner view 45
<taxonomicName id="F559EF1DD052F8D170C12DE053C3192F" genus="Sikkimia" lsidName="Sikkimia yuae" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="yuae">Sikkimia yuae</taxonomicName>
sp. n., outer view 46 Ventral view 47 Inner view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="F7B27426368506B2EEE938B0EF5C6AAA" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">
<paragraph id="7E8052D92D714FF56EBF4EE278B5E383" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">
Figures 48-49. Male abdominal ventrites
<normalizedToken id="D67344317F6B78F59AA2A3875E9629E6" originalValue="IIIV">III-V</normalizedToken>
, dorsal view. 48
<taxonomicName id="B7ED5C092339A3DAC2D4D9238E05F35E" genus="Sikkimia" lsidName="Sikkimia babai" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="babai">Sikkimia babai</taxonomicName>
49
<taxonomicName id="D77E5E5512460C62359BDA14A2081CA2" genus="Sikkimia" lsidName="Sikkimia tsoui" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="tsoui">Sikkimia tsoui</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="E263381847063821308672708F34CAF4" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">
Female. Length 8.1-8.4 mm; width 5.3-5.8 mm. Similar to males, but dark brown ventrally; antennae (Fig. 18) filiform, antennomeres
<normalizedToken id="A2C186076B4F124578482C1B1CBF09F0" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
and XI not swollen; length ratio of II to XI about 1.0: 1.7: 2.2: 2.2: 2.2: 2.0: 1.8: 1.9: 2.2: 2.8, and length to width ratios of II to XI about 1.9: 2.4: 3.4: 3.6: 3.8: 3.6: 3.2: 3.3: 3.7: 4.4. Elytra wider than in male, length equal to width. Gonocoxae (Fig. 21) slender, together about 4.0
<normalizedToken id="CE72C56F7C0EC93D73F7EA1CBE86F24D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than wide, joined from base almost to middle, base strongly narrowed in basal 1/3 with a long medial groove, apices tubular and sub-parallel, inner margins slightly indented medially, apex with nine setae. Ventrite VIII (Fig. 22) with extremely long spiculum; apical margin widely rounded, weakly sclerotized basally, disc with long scattered setae along apical margin. Abdominal tergites
<normalizedToken id="7E5E002DBA9D8E22D109A320CCAB357A" originalValue="IIII">I-III</normalizedToken>
membranous, only spiracles sclerotized, tergites
<normalizedToken id="8F2F76DD63EFA51A6A31417AB3A9B490" originalValue="IVVII">IV-VII</normalizedToken>
entirely and strongly sclerotized. Receptacle of spermatheca (Fig. 23) strongly swollen and transverse, pump elongate and moderately curved, proximal spermathecal duct long and wide.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="893621B539FBFA852B5DF52E3DD76943" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B5E1E6521B2E957AA9E71DECA1B0A76F" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="916566855C4E19C89550716999A13D3C" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">
<taxonomicName id="ADEAC4E819F4FDBA9F04A3ACA75F1C90" genus="Sikkimia" lsidName="Sikkimia babai" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="babai">Sikkimia babai</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4F394A99D00B45D9B1E1B3D280B0A056" genus="Sikkimia" lsidName="Sikkimia sufangae" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="sufangae">Sikkimia sufangae</taxonomicName>
sp. n. They share a slender aedeagus (more than 5.9
<normalizedToken id="DCB97868D795CBA42A7DA6E3B6187FEF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than wide), but in
<taxonomicName id="825406DB80186FAC40103C552045F116" genus="Sikkimia" lsidName="Sikkimia babai" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="babai">Sikkimia babai</taxonomicName>
it is parallel-sided (aedeagus wider basally in
<taxonomicName id="A902E0907F3BBC77D4839FC484DB325A" genus="Sikkimia" lsidName="Sikkimia sufangae" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="sufangae">Sikkimia sufangae</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (Fig. 66, 67)). Antennomere XI in male
<taxonomicName id="8ECAD626558DEB63E939FE0BDD0FC2B7" genus="Sikkimia" lsidName="Sikkimia babai" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="babai">Sikkimia babai</taxonomicName>
has one process on the inner antero-lateral surface and the outer antero-lateral surface is flat (process absent on inner antero-lateral surface and outer antero-lateral surface depressed in
<taxonomicName id="E0B27110AFB1B8D4C0863722A55C404A" genus="Sikkimia" lsidName="Sikkimia sufangae" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="sufangae">Sikkimia sufangae</taxonomicName>
sp. n.). The gonoxae are sub-parallel in
<taxonomicName id="268926EED730F2BEDE725DFAD3644CA7" genus="Sikkimia" lsidName="Sikkimia babai" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="babai">Sikkimia babai</taxonomicName>
(diverging in
<taxonomicName id="A4CEE76D88AC50E9692BBA92C5941F38" genus="Sikkimia" lsidName="Sikkimia sufangae" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="sufangae">Sikkimia sufangae</taxonomicName>
sp. n.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE2755D43EE6802AF78BBA4CEE193518" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" type="host plant">
<paragraph id="3111FBBBB64C70890FA7FB3AA42BE3E6" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Host plant.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D5D89A6A079568E3AAEA232D75AA79BF" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">
<taxonomicName id="2B726D4B499C0F8A94B36D6D7026AD5B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Polygonum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polygonum chinense" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chinense">Polygonum chinense</taxonomicName>
L. (
<taxonomicName id="E15B8ED947362E71FFB670D6269420CC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Polygonaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F9407BE86BAD820A4C023291AD7A4768" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="3A98380AD8476AAF6E5D62EECACF041F" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="20F508859BF13BEC4220B1F69A49435E" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Tengchi (Kaoshiung county) (Fig. 50) and its surrounding areas.</paragraph>
<caption id="31ADDB1B0F33198202DD3A3B850CF677" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">
<paragraph id="DDB0E155A3E8DD8C59FE42C53322E39A" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">
Figure 50. Distribution map of
<taxonomicName id="9F4FC47171782C6FABCA15C6C0907F2B" genus="Sikkimia" lsidName="Sikkimia" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="genus">Sikkimia</taxonomicName>
species of Taiwan, solid line: 1000 m, broken line: 2000 m. Brown dots:
<taxonomicName id="9553C33003DF76C11D635862DF48072E" genus="Sikkimia" lsidName="Sikkimia sufangae" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="sufangae">Sikkimia sufangae</taxonomicName>
sp. n., green dots:
<taxonomicName id="D24D80DDEFA2546B6ACA854F4A5D4E06" genus="Sikkimia" lsidName="Sikkimia babai" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="babai">Sikkimia babai</taxonomicName>
, pink dots:
<taxonomicName id="4E0BF7E0FD2556EDE0F81C53B9205086" genus="Sikkimia" lsidName="Sikkimia yuae" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="yuae">Sikkimia yuae</taxonomicName>
sp. n., red dots:
<taxonomicName id="74AEB3388E885FC8465A9F607B8517C8" genus="Sikkimia" lsidName="Sikkimia tsoui" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="tsoui">Sikkimia tsoui</taxonomicName>
sp. n., blue dots:
<taxonomicName id="7DBDC1408388EA6D314502B8D8A0F980" genus="Sikkimia" lsidName="Sikkimia meihuai" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="meihuai">Sikkimia meihuai</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>