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<document id="823A6B091E6FCED78D3B271342BD807D" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.211943" ID-GBIF-Dataset="20204b0b-b777-457b-b514-786cdb8b2be7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="211943" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460480525392" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Boza-Oviedo, Eduardo, Rovito, Sean M., Chaves, Gerardo, García-Rodríguez, Adrián, Artavia, Luis G., Bolaños, Federico &amp; Wake, David B." docDate="2012" docId="547D87DCFF83FFBDFF1E16CDF21DD1C6" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03309p061.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3309" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Oedipina nimaso Boza-Oviedo, Rovito, Chaves, García-Rodríguez, Artavia, Bolaños &amp; Wake, 2012, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="A844FFA4FF8DFFB2FF89165AF648D36E" masterDocTitle="Salamanders from the eastern Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica, with descriptions of five new species (Plethodontidae: Bolitoglossa, Nototriton, and Oedipina) and natural history notes from recent expeditions" masterLastPageNumber="61" masterPageNumber="36" pageNumber="50" updateTime="1698307632313" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="0EB67264197E03E8F6E9D6E3C61B5D48">Salamanders from the eastern Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica, with descriptions of five new species (Plethodontidae: Bolitoglossa, Nototriton, and Oedipina) and natural history notes from recent expeditions</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:namePart id="F7E9D5DB109A63ED4D3A28D3687A58E4">Boza-Oviedo, Eduardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="467048A159FD790F27FA10C92FFC3285">Rovito, Sean M.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="B4992DD668B33FF07F8218D6E45A0055">Chaves, Gerardo</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="F3768EBCE8F09CDFFD78816496AB68D7" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="3267737144A0B72E5015FA108A7FEB21">García-Rodríguez, Adrián</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="DC62282D055BF590C5F3526339FAD82E" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="DF6CD01988EC6E83175DA5889F8F4D9D">Artavia, Luis G.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="FD34663193B55855DCCB7C8345C035B1">
<mods:roleTerm id="52297FADDF720F7EC7B1870208027F9E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F9A351F1DF6B4EEE96DDAE38A0F29C9F">Bolaños, Federico</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="4147BE7279081BCD5B7493F9615E986C">Wake, David B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="51B44332032F2D0589D06F73AAE046EF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:date id="76DDC57D445B661013D5D855FE5F6799">2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="7C6CEE326A4A7C4B6928324822B2F2BA" type="volume">
<mods:number id="6F38F7C09A36E2216FED7F0FADE93702">3309</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="5F7FA895B3BB1A96AEFA9C459E6FDDF3" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.211943</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="547D87DCFF83FFBDFF1E16CDF21DD1C6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5621480" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119517067" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5621480" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:547D87DCFF83FFBDFF1E16CDF21DD1C6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/547D87DCFF83FFBDFF1E16CDF21DD1C6" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<subSubSection id="94CE6541FF83FFBCFF1E16CDF6BDD398" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="DC6B36CAFF83FFBCFF1E16CDF781D3DF" blockId="14.[151,457,151,246]" box="[151,457,151,177]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<heading id="872381A6FF83FFBCFF1E16CDF781D3DF" bold="true" box="[151,457,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" reason="1">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFF1E16CDF781D3DF" bold="true" box="[151,457,151,177]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFF1E16CDF72DD3DF" ID-CoL="74JLD" box="[151,357,151,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nimaso" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFF1E16CDF72DD3DF" bold="true" box="[151,357,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">Oedipina nimaso</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F59357A3FF83FFBCFEE516CDF781D3DF" box="[364,457,151,177]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DC6B36CAFF83FFBCFF1E16E0F6BDD398" blockId="14.[151,457,151,246]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFF1E16E0F6A6D3BC" box="[151,238,186,210]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nimaso">Nimaso</taxonomicName>
Worm Salamander
<figureCitation id="44EF2A4FFF83FFBCFF1E1684F6BDD398" box="[151,245,222,246]" captionStart="FIGURE 6. A" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1710,1733]" captionTargetBox="[163,1436,1228,1698]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,1228,1698]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. A) Dorsal and B) ventral views of preserved holotype (UCR 8391) of Oedipina nimaso. C) Dorsal view of left hand and D) left foot of holotype. Photos A and B by Humberto Lezama, C and D by A. García-Rodríguez. The bar in hand and feet are 1 mm length." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211949/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">Figure 6</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="94CE6541FF83FFBCFF1E177AF533D235" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="DC6B36CAFF83FFBCFF1E177AF533D235" blockId="14.[151,1437,287,1192]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<typeStatus id="036F8868FF83FFBCFF1E177AF74CD256" box="[151,260,288,312]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFF1E177AF74CD256" bold="true" box="[151,260,288,312]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">Holotype</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
. UCR 8391, a subadult male from Cerro
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFD461745F561D259" box="[719,809,287,311]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nimaso">Nimaso</taxonomicName>
, Prov. Limón,
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF83FFBCFC451745F200D259" box="[972,1096,287,311]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="1B2C9B2FFF83FFBCFBDA1745F2E1D259" box="[1107,1193,287,311]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.093" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="1093.0">1093 m</quantity>
, collected by D. Robinson, Federico Bolaños, and Gilbert Barrantes on
<date id="A86A100AFF83FFBCFD461719F53ED235" box="[719,886,323,347]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" value="1984-04-14">April 14, 1984</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="94CE6541FF83FFBCFF40173CF5FFD0DF" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="DC6B36CAFF83FFBCFF40173CF5FFD0DF" blockId="14.[151,1437,287,1192]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFF40173CF70BD211" bold="true" box="[201,323,358,383]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
A small, extremely slender member of
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFD75173CF24BD210" authority="Oedopinola" authorityName="Oedopinola" box="[764,1027,358,382]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFD75173CF52CD210" box="[764,868,358,382]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">Oedipina</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFCFD173CF5B0D210" box="[884,1016,358,382]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">Oedopinola</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
, based on having greater than 14 but fewer than 20 trunk vertebrae (
<bibRefCitation id="B8454B3BFF83FFBCFE7D17D3F561D2CF" author="Garcia-Paris" box="[500,809,393,417]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" refString="Garcia-Paris, M. &amp; Wake, D. B. (2000) Molecular phylogenetic analysis of relationships of the tropical salamander genera Oedipina and Nototriton, with descriptions of a new genus and three new species. Copeia, 2000, 42 - 70." type="journal article" year="2000">
García-París &amp;
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF83FFBCFD2117D3F4AFD2CF" box="[680,743,393,417]" name="Wake Island" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">Wake</collectingCountry>
2000
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B8454B3BFF83FFBCFCBF17D3F262D2CF" author="McCranie" box="[822,1066,393,417]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" refString="McCranie, J. R., Vieites, D. R., &amp; Wake, D. B. (2008) Description of a new divergent lineage and three new species of Honduran salamanders of the genus Oedipina (Caudata, Plethodontidae). Zootaxa, 1930, 1 - 17." type="journal article" year="2008">
McCranie
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFC2417D0F5AED2CF" box="[941,998,393,417]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
2008
</bibRefCitation>
), distinguished from other members of that clade by the combination of its small size, slender habitus, its long pointed snout and very narrow hands and feet with pointed digital tips. Distinguished from Costa Rican and Panamanian members of the clade as follows: from
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFE9717AEF78BD165" box="[286,451,499,523]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carablanca">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFE9717AEF78BD165" box="[286,451,499,523]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF83FFBCFE9717AEF77DD165" box="[286,309,500,523]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">O</collectingCountry>
. carablanca
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by smaller size, very narrow pes (vs. very broad and webbed in
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFB3517AEF328D165" box="[1212,1376,499,523]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carablanca">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFB3517AEF328D165" box="[1212,1376,499,523]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF83FFBCFB3517AEF29BD165" box="[1212,1235,500,523]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">O</collectingCountry>
. carablanca
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and manus relative to SVL with reduced numbers of phalanges (0-1-2-1 manus vs. 1-2-3-
<quantity id="1B2C9B2FFF83FFBCFBC4144CF232D140" box="[1101,1146,534,558]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFB09144DF36AD140" box="[1152,1314,534,558]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carablanca">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFB09144DF36AD140" box="[1152,1314,534,558]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF83FFBCFB09144DF2DFD140" box="[1152,1175,535,558]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">O</collectingCountry>
. carablanca
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 0-1-2-1-1 pes vs. 1-2-3-(2,3)-
<quantity id="1B2C9B2FFF83FFBCFEFB1463F7E9D13F" box="[370,417,569,593]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFE201460F405D13F" box="[425,589,569,593]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carablanca">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFE201460F405D13F" box="[425,589,569,593]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF83FFBCFE201460F788D13F" box="[425,448,570,593]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">O</collectingCountry>
. carablanca
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and little white dorsal pigment vs. extensive white pigment on head and body in
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFF711407F7D4D11B" box="[248,412,605,629]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carablanca">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFF711407F7D4D11B" box="[248,412,605,629]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF83FFBCFF711407F747D11A" box="[248,271,605,628]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">O</collectingCountry>
. carablanca
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; from
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFE661407F43CD11B" box="[495,628,605,629]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parvipes">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFE661407F43CD11B" box="[495,628,605,629]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF83FFBCFE661407F44ED11A" box="[495,518,605,628]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">O</collectingCountry>
. parvipes
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFD381407F575D11B" box="[689,829,605,629]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maritima">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFD381407F575D11B" box="[689,829,605,629]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF83FFBCFD381407F480D11A" box="[689,712,605,628]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">O</collectingCountry>
. maritima
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by narrower and more syndactylous hands and feet, rounded snout and relatively large and numerous maxillary teeth (max
<quantity id="1B2C9B2FFF83FFBCFC331425F5AED1F9" box="[954,998,639,663]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" unit="in" value="8.0">8 in</quantity>
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF83FFBCFC671425F24DD1F9" box="[1006,1029,639,663]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">O</collectingCountry>
.
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFB9814DBF230D1F6" box="[1041,1144,641,664]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maritima">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFB9814DBF230D1F6" box="[1041,1144,641,664]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">maritima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, fewer than
<quantity id="1B2C9B2FFF83FFBCFA8F1425F37AD1F9" box="[1286,1330,639,663]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" unit="in" value="5.0">5 in</quantity>
Panamanian
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFF4714FEF719D1D5" box="[206,337,676,699]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parvipes">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFF4714FEF719D1D5" box="[206,337,676,699]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF83FFBCFF4714FEF6ADD1D5" box="[206,229,676,699]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">O</collectingCountry>
. parvipes
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); from
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFE2F14FEF440D1D5" box="[422,520,675,699]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alleni">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFE2F14FEF440D1D5" box="[422,520,675,699]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF83FFBCFE2F14FEF7F5D1D5" box="[422,445,676,699]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">O</collectingCountry>
. alleni
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in being much smaller and less robust with much narrower pes and shorter digits, and in having more maxillary teeth (20 vs. 5 or fewer in
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFC80149DF522D1B0" box="[777,874,710,734]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alleni">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFC80149DF522D1B0" box="[777,874,710,734]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF83FFBCFC80149DF568D1B0" box="[777,800,711,734]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">O</collectingCountry>
. alleni
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); from
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFC37149DF27ED1B0" box="[958,1078,711,734]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="savagei">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFC37149DF27ED1B0" box="[958,1078,711,734]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF83FFBCFC37149DF59DD1B0" box="[958,981,711,734]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">O</collectingCountry>
. savagei
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by being less robust and in having shorter limbs (limb interval 9.5 vs. less than
<quantity id="1B2C9B2FFF83FFBCFD3314B0F4AED06F" box="[698,742,745,769]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.778" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" unit="in" value="7.0">7 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFD6414B0F52DD06F" box="[749,869,746,769]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="savagei">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFD6414B0F52DD06F" box="[749,869,746,769]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF83FFBCFD6414B0F54CD06F" box="[749,772,746,769]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">O</collectingCountry>
. savagei
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and narrower pes (1.2 vs.
<quantity id="1B2C9B2FFF83FFBCFB1214B3F294D06F" box="[1179,1244,745,769]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.826" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" unit="in" value="1.9">1.9 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFB6A14B0F313D06F" box="[1251,1371,746,769]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="savagei">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFB6A14B0F313D06F" box="[1251,1371,746,769]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF83FFBCFB6A14B0F2B2D06F" box="[1251,1274,746,769]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">O</collectingCountry>
. savagei
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and in lacking white pigment on the back of the head and a dorsal stripe on the trunk; from
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFB0A1557F36BD04B" box="[1155,1315,781,805]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fortunensis">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFB0A1557F36BD04B" box="[1155,1315,781,805]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF83FFBCFB0A1557F2D2D04A" box="[1155,1178,781,804]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">O</collectingCountry>
. fortunensis
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having shorter limbs (limb interval 9.5 vs.
<quantity id="1B2C9B2FFF83FFBCFDBB156AF417D026" box="[562,607,816,840]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" unit="in" value="8.0">8 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFDE0156AF541D026" box="[617,777,816,840]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fortunensis">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFDE0156AF541D026" box="[617,777,816,840]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF83FFBCFDE0156AF4C8D029" box="[617,640,816,839]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">O</collectingCountry>
. fortunensis
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), narrower pes (
<quantity id="1B2C9B2FFF83FFBCFC43156AF26AD026" box="[970,1058,816,840]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
vs.
<quantity id="1B2C9B2FFF83FFBCFBDF156AF2D1D026" box="[1110,1177,816,840]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.318" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" unit="in" value="1.7">1.7 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFB2B156AF30BD026" box="[1186,1347,816,840]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fortunensis">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFB2B156AF30BD026" box="[1186,1347,816,840]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF83FFBCFB2B156AF2F1D029" box="[1186,1209,816,839]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">O</collectingCountry>
. fortunensis
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and a shorter, more pointed head (SL/SG = 6.4 vs.
<quantity id="1B2C9B2FFF83FFBCFD121509F495D005" box="[667,733,851,875]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3208" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" unit="in" value="5.2">5.2 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFD6C150EF5CDD005" box="[741,901,851,875]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fortunensis">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFD6C150EF5CDD005" box="[741,901,851,875]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF83FFBCFD6C150EF4B4D005" box="[741,764,852,875]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">O</collectingCountry>
. fortunensis
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); and from
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFB86150EF2D8D005" box="[1039,1168,851,875]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="complex">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFB86150EF2D8D005" box="[1039,1168,851,875]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF83FFBCFB86150EF26ED005" box="[1039,1062,852,875]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">O</collectingCountry>
. complex
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a longer tail (SVL/TL less than 0.73 vs.
<quantity id="1B2C9B2FFF83FFBCFE47152CF455D0E0" box="[462,541,886,910]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2606" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" unit="in" value="0.89">0.89 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFDAD152DF4EBD0E0" box="[548,675,886,910]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="complex">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFDAD152DF4EBD0E0" box="[548,675,886,910]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF83FFBCFDAD152DF473D0E0" box="[548,571,887,910]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">O</collectingCountry>
. complex
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), broader head (SVL/HW 8.6 vs.
<quantity id="1B2C9B2FFF83FFBCFBA8152CF238D0E0" box="[1057,1136,886,910]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5907999999999998" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" unit="in" value="10.2">10.2 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFBFE152DF2BED0E0" box="[1143,1270,886,910]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="complex">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFBFE152DF2BED0E0" box="[1143,1270,886,910]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF83FFBCFBFE152DF2C6D0E0" box="[1143,1166,887,910]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">O</collectingCountry>
. complex
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and narrower pes with a long, pointed third toe (vs. short rounded toe in
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFCAE15C0F5EED0DF" box="[807,934,921,945]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="complex">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFCAE15C0F5EED0DF" box="[807,934,921,945]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF83FFBCFCAE15C0F576D0DF" box="[807,830,922,945]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">O</collectingCountry>
. complex
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="94CE6541FF83FFBDFF4015E6F319D251" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" type="description">
<paragraph id="DC6B36CAFF83FFBCFF4015E6F436D7C6" blockId="14.[151,1437,287,1192]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFF4015E6F712D0BA" bold="true" box="[201,346,956,981]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">Description.</emphasis>
A diminutive, slender species compared to other
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFC0E15E7F243D0BB" box="[903,1035,957,981]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">Oedopinola</emphasis>
. Sole specimen, the
<typeStatus id="036F8868FF83FFBCFB7A15E6F310D0BA" box="[1267,1368,956,980]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, has a SL of
<quantity id="1B2C9B2FFF83FFBCFF5515BAF708D096" box="[220,320,992,1016]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.08" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="30.8">30.8 mm</quantity>
.
<typeStatus id="036F8868FF83FFBCFEC415BAF7FDD096" box="[333,437,992,1016]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
very slender (
<figureCitation id="44EF2A4FFF83FFBCFDDD15BAF4DFD096" box="[596,663,992,1016]" captionStart="FIGURE 6. A" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1710,1733]" captionTargetBox="[163,1436,1228,1698]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,1228,1698]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. A) Dorsal and B) ventral views of preserved holotype (UCR 8391) of Oedipina nimaso. C) Dorsal view of left hand and D) left foot of holotype. Photos A and B by Humberto Lezama, C and D by A. García-Rodríguez. The bar in hand and feet are 1 mm length." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211949/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
) with narrow head (SL/HW 8.6) and rather long snout (SL/SG = 6.4) that is more rounded than pointed. Eyes small and only slightly protuberant. Limbs long and slender (SL/HLL = 4.5) and the right hindlimb is missing. Manus and pes flat and very narrow (SL/FW = 25.7), with digits poorly defined and fused together. Longest digit with long, sharply pointed tip that is slightly bent in a preaxial direction. Relatively numerous maxillary teeth relatively large and single premaxillary tooth is long and hooked, suggesting that individual is near or at sexual maturity.
</paragraph>
<caption id="88AB6642FF83FFBCFF1E10F4F738D46C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211949/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" targetBox="[163,1436,1228,1698]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="DC6B36CAFF83FFBCFF1E10F4F738D46C" blockId="14.[151,1437,1710,1794]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFF1E10F4F75CD5AA" bold="true" box="[151,276,1710,1733]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
A) Dorsal and B) ventral views of preserved holotype (UCR 8391) of
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF83FFBCFC7110F5F2E0D5AB" box="[1016,1192,1711,1733]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nimaso">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFC7110F5F2E0D5AB" box="[1016,1192,1711,1733]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">Oedipina nimaso</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. C) Dorsal view of left hand and D) left foot of holotype. Photos A and B by Humberto Lezama, C and D by A. García-Rodríguez. The bar in hand and feet are 1 mm length.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="DC6B36CAFF83FFBCFF401172F56AD49A" blockId="14.[151,1436,1831,2036]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF83FFBCFF401172F29DD42E" bold="true" box="[201,1237,1831,1856]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
Measurements (in mm), limb interval and tooth counts of the male
<typeStatus id="036F8868FF83FFBCFC7C1172F213D42E" box="[1013,1115,1832,1856]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<tableCitation id="91560371FF83FFBCFBE2117DF28ED42E" box="[1131,1222,1831,1856]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,235,1016,1037]" captionTargetBox="[160,1428,1107,1864]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 2. Measurements for specimens used in description of new species, as well as other specimens collected on Talamancan expeditions used for comparison to new taxa." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/88AB6642FF8AFFB5FF1E15A2F4C4D75F" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" tableUuid="88AB6642FF8AFFB5FF1E15A2F4C4D75F">Table 2</tableCitation>
).
</emphasis>
HW 3.6, SG 4.8, HD 1.6, EW 0.4, EL 1.1, ES 1.3, ED 0.7, IC 1.0, IO 1.2, length of groove extending posteriorly from eye 0.8, distance between nuchal groove and gular fold 1.4, SF 7.3, IN 1.0, external naris to snout 0.4, SP 0.3, SL 30.8, SAV 26.6, AX 19.8, LI 9.5, TL 42.0 (tail broken at tip, only slightly longer in life), tail width at base 2.1, tail depth at base 1.8, FLL 6.2, HLL 6.9, HAW 1.0, FW 1.2, T5 0.8, T3 1.1, parotoid width 1.4, parotoid length 2.9, nostril diameter 0.6. Number of teeth: PMT 1, MT 9/11, VT 6/6.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DC6B36CAFF82FFBDFF4016CDF73FD399" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF82FFBDFF4016CDF437D3DE" bold="true" box="[201,639,151,176]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">
Coloration of the
<typeStatus id="036F8868FF82FFBDFE1416C2F44CD3DE" box="[413,516,152,176]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
in alcohol
</emphasis>
. Brown to reddish-brown generally, with small amount of whitish pigment on head, mainly concentrated between eyes. Venter lighter than other surfaces and covered with tiny whitish patches or speckles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DC6B36CAFF82FFBDFF401759F319D251" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF82FFBDFF401759F7E2D272" bold="true" box="[201,426,259,284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">Habitat and range.</emphasis>
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="036F8868FF82FFBDFD28175FF498D273" box="[673,720,261,285]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">type</typeStatus>
locality. The locality is essentially mature forest within a sparsely inhabited indigenous reserve. The forest is very humid tropical forest in a transition zone to premontane forest.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="94CE6541FF82FFBDFF401716F305D20A" box="[201,1357,332,357]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="DC6B36CAFF82FFBDFF401716F305D20A" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,680]" box="[201,1357,332,357]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF82FFBDFF401716F700D20A" bold="true" box="[201,328,332,356]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">Etymology</emphasis>
. The scientific name is a noun in apposition and refers to the
<typeStatus id="036F8868FF82FFBDFC731717F262D20B" box="[1018,1066,333,357]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">type</typeStatus>
locality at Cerro
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF82FFBDFB671716F301D20A" box="[1262,1353,332,356]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="15" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nimaso">Nimaso</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="94CE6541FF82FFBDFF40172AF21DD1C6" pageId="15" pageNumber="51" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="DC6B36CAFF82FFBDFF40172AF21DD1C6" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF82FFBDFF40172AF775D2E6" bold="true" box="[201,317,368,392]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">Remarks.</emphasis>
This specimen is badly desiccated. Osteological information has been derived from radiographs. There are 18 trunk vertebrae, one sacral, two caudosacral and 31 caudal vertebrae, with the very tip of the tail missing. The phalangeal formula for the manus is 0-1-2-1 and for the pes is 0-1-2-1-1. The basic formula for
<taxonomicName id="1BD44D49FF82FFBDFABD17E2F3D4D2BE" box="[1332,1436,440,464]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Oedipina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="15" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF82FFBDFABD17E2F3D4D2BE" box="[1332,1436,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">Oedipina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is 1-2-3-2, and 1-2-3-3-2 (
<bibRefCitation id="B8454B3BFF82FFBDFE491786F40CD29A" author="Wake" box="[448,580,476,500]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51" refString="Wake, D. B. (1966) Comparative osteology and evolution of the lungless salamanders, Family Plethodontidae. Memoirs of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, 9, 1 - 111." type="journal article" year="1966">
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF82FFBDFE491786F449D29A" box="[448,513,476,500]" name="Wake Island" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">Wake</collectingCountry>
1966
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="B8454B3BFF82FFBDFDD81787F496D29A" author="Brame" box="[593,734,476,500]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51" refString="Brame, A. H. Jr. (1968) Systematics and evolution of the Mesoamerican salamander genus Oedipina. Journal of Herpetology, 2, 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="1968">Brame 1968</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="B8454B3BFF82FFBDFD621786F256D29A" author="Garcia-Paris" box="[747,1054,476,500]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51" refString="Garcia-Paris, M. &amp; Wake, D. B. (2000) Molecular phylogenetic analysis of relationships of the tropical salamander genera Oedipina and Nototriton, with descriptions of a new genus and three new species. Copeia, 2000, 42 - 70." type="journal article" year="2000">
García-París &amp;
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF82FFBDFC141786F594D29A" box="[925,988,476,500]" name="Wake Island" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">Wake</collectingCountry>
2000
</bibRefCitation>
) so there has been a considerable reduction in this species. Some other members of
<emphasis id="EEA0EAD8FF82FFBDFD51145AF514D176" box="[728,860,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">Oedopinola</emphasis>
from
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF82FFBDFC2C17A5F269D179" box="[933,1057,511,535]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="A4C3765AFF82FFBDFBD5145AF2FDD179" box="[1116,1205,512,535]" name="Panama" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">Panama</collectingCountry>
also have relatively few phalanges. The last trunk vertebra that bears ribs is number 16. Mesopodial elements are unmineralized cartilage. A preorbital process is present on the vomers. Nasals are moderately protuberant and are the anterior-most skeletal bones. The skull bones are fully articulated and well-developed, suggesting a near adult state of development, so this is likely a miniaturized species compared to other members of its genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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