treatments-xml/data/54/52/50/54525029FF996E00FF04F8B9264AD9BF.xml
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<mods:title id="CD3EF8D9E880CE996BB1849CC59840F8">New talitrids from South Africa (Amphipoda, Senticaudata, Talitroidea, Talitridae) with notes on their ecology</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="927D8C11C5E026429BCFC05073452129">Lowry, J. K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="8738975FED29F1DBF763DA650FC8FD81">2016</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="DC44E13FFF996E01FF04F8B925C1DF5F" blockId="20.[151,1436,1844,2013]" box="[151,487,1844,1869]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
<heading id="870C5653FF996E01FF04F8B925C1DF5F" bold="true" box="[151,487,1844,1869]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="1BFB9ABCFF996E01FF04F8B925C1DF5F" ID-CoL="65GBY" box="[151,487,1844,1869]" class="Malacostraca" family="Talitridae" genus="Africorchestia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrispinosa">
<emphasis id="EE8F3D2DFF996E01FF04F8B925C1DF5F" bold="true" box="[151,487,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Africorchestia quadrispinosa</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="DC44E13FFF996E00FF54F8DA264AD9BF" blockId="20.[151,1436,1844,2013]" lastBlockId="21.[151,1436,151,429]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="172" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
<taxonomicName id="1BFB9ABCFF996E01FF54F8DA2629DF62" ID-CoL="65GBY" box="[199,527,1879,1904]" class="Malacostraca" family="Talitridae" genus="Africorchestia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrispinosa">
<emphasis id="EE8F3D2DFF996E01FF54F8DA2629DF62" box="[199,527,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Africorchestia quadrispinosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was first described by K.H. Barnard in 1916, but has been less studied than
<taxonomicName id="1BFB9ABCFF996E01FA11F8D524DEDF86" ID-CoL="5WXJS" class="Malacostraca" family="Talitridae" genus="Capeorchestia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="EE8F3D2DFF996E01FA11F8D524DEDF86" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">C. capensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and little is known about its ecology. It is found on kelp-dominated sandy shores on the
<collectingRegion id="1E3F2FDDFF996E01FA92F8F0215ADF86" box="[1281,1404,1917,1940]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">West coast</collectingRegion>
of Southern Africa (
<figureCitation id="44C0FDBAFF996E01FEC9F82D2581DFAA" box="[346,423,1952,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[345,1241,1154,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[340,1247,1150,1905]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 13. Map of South Africa (RSA) and Namibia (NAM) showing the geographical distribution of Capeorchestia capensis (solid line), Africorchestia quadrispinosa (dotted line) and A. meridionalis (dashed line). The spatial distribution of C. capensis overlap with the one of A. quadrispinosa (on the west coast of South Africa) and with A. meridionalis (south coast of South Africa)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272051/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Fig 13</figureCitation>
), from
<collectingRegion id="1E3F2FDDFF996E01FE68F82D2613DFAA" box="[507,565,1952,1976]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Cape</collectingRegion>
Aghulas (
<collectingRegion id="1E3F2FDDFF996E01FD3BF82D276FDFAA" box="[680,841,1952,1976]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="A4ECA1AFFF996E01FCC6F82D27C1DFAB" box="[853,999,1952,1977]" name="South Africa" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">South Africa</collectingCountry>
) to the Skeleton
<collectingRegion id="1E3F2FDDFF996E01FB34F82D20C1DFAA" box="[1191,1255,1952,1976]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Coast</collectingRegion>
Park (
<collectingCountry id="A4ECA1AFFF996E01FAA2F82D21B3DFAB" box="[1329,1429,1952,1977]" name="Namibia" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Namibia</collectingCountry>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="B86A9CCEFF996E01FF0DF8492555DFCE" author="Branch" box="[158,371,1988,2013]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" refString="Branch, G. M., Griffiths, C. L., Branch, M. L. &amp; Beckley, L. F. (2008) Two Oceans: A guide to the marine life of southern Africa. Struik Publishers, Cape Town / Johannesburg, 368 pp." type="book" year="2008">
Branch
<emphasis id="EE8F3D2DFF996E01FF6BF8482516DFCF" box="[248,304,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">et al.</emphasis>
2008
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="B86A9CCEFF996E01FEEDF8492643DFCE" author="Baldanzi" box="[382,613,1988,2013]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" refString="Baldanzi, S., McQuaid, C. D., Cannicci, S. &amp; Porri, F. (2013) Environmental Domains and Range-Limiting Mechanisms: Testing the Abundant Centre Hypothesis Using Southern African Sandhoppers. PLoS ONE, 8, e 54598. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0054598" type="journal article" year="2013">
Baldanzi
<emphasis id="EE8F3D2DFF996E01FE7AF8482607DFCF" box="[489,545,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
). The abundance of
<taxonomicName id="1BFB9ABCFF996E01FCDBF8492021DFCF" ID-CoL="65GBY" box="[840,1031,1988,2013]" class="Malacostraca" family="Talitridae" genus="Africorchestia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrispinosa">
<emphasis id="EE8F3D2DFF996E01FCDBF8492021DFCF" box="[840,1031,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">A. quadrispinosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is higher towards the northern limit of distribution (Namibian coasts), while animals are bigger in size towards the southern limit (
<bibRefCitation id="B86A9CCEFF986E00FB7AFF1A24F2D8C6" author="Baldanzi" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" refString="Baldanzi, S., McQuaid, C. D., Cannicci, S. &amp; Porri, F. (2013) Environmental Domains and Range-Limiting Mechanisms: Testing the Abundant Centre Hypothesis Using Southern African Sandhoppers. PLoS ONE, 8, e 54598. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0054598" type="journal article" year="2013">
Baldanzi
<emphasis id="EE8F3D2DFF986E00FACAFF1421B3D8A2" box="[1369,1429,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">et al.</emphasis>
, 2013
</bibRefCitation>
). The previous authors, during the collection survey in winter 2010, found no differences in size between males and females and absence of ovigerous females, suggesting a different reproductive cycle than
<emphasis id="EE8F3D2DFF986E00FA81FF6D21BAD8EA" box="[1298,1436,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
<taxonomicName id="1BFB9ABCFF986E00FA81FF6D21B1D8EA" ID-CoL="5WXJS" box="[1298,1431,224,248]" class="Malacostraca" family="Talitridae" genus="Capeorchestia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capensis">C. capensis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
collected during the same period of time (SB pers. obs). The abundance of
<taxonomicName id="1BFB9ABCFF986E00FC66FE892090D90F" ID-CoL="65GBY" box="[1013,1206,260,285]" class="Malacostraca" family="Talitridae" genus="Africorchestia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrispinosa">
<emphasis id="EE8F3D2DFF986E00FC66FE892090D90F" box="[1013,1206,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">A. quadrispinosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was well correlated with salinity, sand temperature, debris coverage and morphodynamic state of the shore (
<bibRefCitation id="B86A9CCEFF986E00FBE8FEAA2140D952" author="Baldanzi" box="[1147,1382,295,320]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" refString="Baldanzi, S., McQuaid, C. D., Cannicci, S. &amp; Porri, F. (2013) Environmental Domains and Range-Limiting Mechanisms: Testing the Abundant Centre Hypothesis Using Southern African Sandhoppers. PLoS ONE, 8, e 54598. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0054598" type="journal article" year="2013">
Baldanzi
<emphasis id="EE8F3D2DFF986E00FB7BFEA42104D952" box="[1256,1314,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
). No data are available on behavioural and feeding ecology of
<taxonomicName id="1BFB9ABCFF986E00FCACFEC12024D977" ID-CoL="65GBY" box="[831,1026,332,357]" class="Malacostraca" family="Talitridae" genus="Africorchestia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrispinosa">
<emphasis id="EE8F3D2DFF986E00FCACFEC12024D977" box="[831,1026,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">A. quadrispinosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, observations during the surveys in 2010,
<date id="A845C7FFFF986E00FECBFEFD2627D99A" box="[344,513,367,392]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="2011" valueMax="2012">2011 and 2012</date>
, lead to consider
<taxonomicName id="1BFB9ABCFF986E00FD54FEFD27A0D99A" ID-CoL="65GBY" box="[711,902,367,392]" class="Malacostraca" family="Talitridae" genus="Africorchestia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrispinosa">
<emphasis id="EE8F3D2DFF986E00FD54FEFD27A0D99A" box="[711,902,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">A. quadrispinosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a sand-hopper (
<emphasis id="EE8F3D2DFF986E00FBCFFEFC20BCD99A" box="[1116,1178,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">sensu</emphasis>
Bousfield, 1992), as it burrows deep in the sand when necessary.
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