297 lines
37 KiB
XML
297 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document id="851712807E90AEC678A42FD42367CC23" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5356887" ID-ISSN="2345-7600" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5356887" ID-ZooBank="9EB66A01-DC75-4502-9DD0-56A7CFA4B7BD" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630218432546" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Aspe, Nonillon M. & James, Samuel W." docDate="2017" docId="5443705CFFF07935D461FCDCFE38FE75" docLanguage="en" docName="65rbz357-372.pdf" docOrigin="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 65" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F2D34FF25DBF9998BB8DF6F24A5B097A.5:RafflesBZool.2014-2018.journal_article" docStyleId="F2D34FF25DBF9998BB8DF6F24A5B097A" docStyleName="RafflesBZool.2014-2018.journal_article" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Pheretima aquila Aspe & James 2017, new species" docType="treatment" docUuid="B78DDE7C-3FA3-40F1-A90D-5B8D23659B35" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="365" masterDocId="A87A0824FFF8793FD57CFFE1FF88FFA0" masterDocTitle="Pheretimoid earthworms (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from Mt. Apo, Mindanao Island, Philippines with description of eight new species" masterLastPageNumber="372" masterPageNumber="357" pageNumber="365" updateTime="1699190590497" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="D482FA6F0322393417CF8B86F3A087FD">Pheretimoid earthworms (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from Mt. Apo, Mindanao Island, Philippines with description of eight new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A9A9988C7B0D0542EEA42821FB885879">Aspe, Nonillon M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0E054A102021CE338DF3D21ED334200F">James, Samuel W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="E1913795361293C66E057F49B7F6A754">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="C00A8CF38DE3486BADBFBB3173303B09">Raffles Bulletin of Zoology</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="C27CAE1C54D67F43FC4E4A24B9EDDB93">
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<mods:date id="DC1E2BDF520515A812D2917BF124E4C1">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="99445A4340A07875ABA25F85AF285108" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="18E3BE3659E37FC177A904E41041650D">2017-08-07</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="52C215466242C6E60F4D00CEFF80C0AE">65</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="35514C08418A8B09E655472610FCD600">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="F8FFC0B37A1BD49563997A18B344DE6F" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5356887</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="ED11C7BB3240F4FF8E0A9B0046B338FA" type="ISSN">2345-7600</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="5443705CFFF07935D461FCDCFE38FE75" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B78DDE7C-3FA3-40F1-A90D-5B8D23659B35" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5443705CFFF07935D461FCDCFE38FE75" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="365" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">
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<subSubSection id="94F092C1FFF07937D461FCDCFDFAFCF5" box="[285,626,829,853]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="DC55C14AFFF07937D461FCDCFDFAFCF5" blockId="8.[285,626,829,885]" box="[285,626,829,853]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">
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<heading id="871D7626FFF07937D461FCDCFDFAFCF5" bold="true" box="[285,626,829,853]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D461FCDCFDFAFCF5" bold="true" box="[285,626,829,853]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">
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<taxonomicName id="1BEABAC9FFF07937D461FCDCFE56FCF5" authority="Aspe & James, 2017" authorityName="Aspe & James" authorityYear="2017" box="[285,478,829,853]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aquila" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D461FCDCFE56FCF5" bold="true" box="[285,478,829,853]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">Pheretima aquila</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="F5ADA023FFF07937D491FCDCFDFAFCF5" box="[493,626,829,853]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="94F092C1FFF07937D4E9FCBCFE72FCD5" box="[405,506,861,885]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" type="description">
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<paragraph id="DC55C14AFFF07937D4E9FCBCFE72FCD5" blockId="8.[285,626,829,885]" box="[405,506,861,885]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">
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(
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<figureCitation id="44D1DDCFFFF07937D4E1FCBCFE7BFCD5" box="[413,499,861,885]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[113,148,2034,2056]" captionTargetBox="[157,1409,190,2019]" captionTargetId="figure-11@9.[145,1422,175,2027]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Schematic drawings of the internal morphology in dorsal view. A, Pheretima aquila, new species; B, P. gamay, new species; C, P. libradoi, new species; D, P. davaoensis, new species. Abbreviations: s, spermatheca; h, heart; p, prostate gland; cb, copulatory bursa; c, caecum. Scale bars = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5356891" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5356891/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="94F092C1FFF07937D5F4FC7CFDEFFBF5" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="DC55C14AFFF07937D5F4FC7CFDEFFBF5" blockId="8.[136,775,925,1109]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">
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<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D5F4FC7CFEE7FC15" bold="true" box="[136,367,925,949]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="6C82CB17FFF07937D405FC7CFEB0FB95" collectingDate="2003-12-11" collectingDateMax="2003-12-14" collectingDateMin="2003-12-11" collectionCode="NMP" collectorName="N. Aspe & Aspe, A & Solis, D & Flores, R" country="Philippines" county="Mindanao Island" elevation="1524" latitude="7.001111" location="Brgy Baracatan" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="125.36527" municipality="Mt. Apo National Park" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" specimenCode="NMP 4620" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Davao" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="03517FE8FFF07937D405FC7CFE6BFC15" box="[377,483,925,949]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: adult (
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<specimenCode id="8C4C6931FFF07937D745FC7CFD33FC15" box="[569,699,925,949]" collectionCode="NMP" country="Czech Republic" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fx6k-enrh" name="National Museum (Prague)" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">NMP 4620</specimenCode>
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),
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<location id="D9359791FFF07937D7ADFC7FFF7DFC75" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5443705CFFF07935D461FCDCFE38FE75:D9359791FFF07937D7ADFC7FFF7DFC75" country="Philippines" county="Mindanao Island" latitude="7.001111" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="125.36527" municipality="Mt. Apo National Park" name="Brgy Baracatan" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" stateProvince="Davao">Brgy Baracatan</location>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="1E2E0FA8FFF07937D47CFC5FFECEFC75" box="[256,326,958,981]" country="Philippines" name="Davao" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">Davao</collectingRegion>
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<location id="D9359791FFF07937D431FC5CFEF6FC75" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5443705CFFF07935D461FCDCFE38FE75:D9359791FFF07937D431FC5CFEF6FC75" box="[333,382,957,981]" country="Philippines" county="Mindanao Island" latitude="7.001111" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="125.36527" municipality="Mt. Apo National Park" name="City" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" stateProvince="Davao">City</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="3C315B30FFF07937D4F5FC5FFDF7FC75" box="[393,639,957,981]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">Mt. Apo National Park</collectingMunicipality>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="B9DEA78DFFF07937D7F1FC5DFC8BFC75" box="[653,771,956,981]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" precision="15" seconds="04" value="7.001111">7°00′04″N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="B9DEA78DFFF07937D5F4FC3DFE9DFC55" box="[136,277,988,1013]" degrees="125" direction="east" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" precision="15" seconds="55" value="125.36527">125°21′55″E</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<elevation id="57C72679FFF07937D457FC3CFE39FC55" box="[299,433,989,1013]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" unit="m" value="1524.0">
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<quantity id="1B126CAFFFF07937D457FC3CFE0FFC55" box="[299,391,989,1013]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" unit="m" value="1524.0">1,524 m</quantity>
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asl
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</elevation>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="3534B9C6FFF07937D4C3FC3CFDF2FC55" box="[447,634,989,1013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">Mindanao Island</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="A4FD81DAFFF07937D7F4FC3CFC8BFC55" box="[648,771,989,1013]" name="Philippines" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">Philippines</collectingCountry>
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, coll.
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<collectorName id="711FA49CFFF07937D5BAFC1FFEA2FBB5" box="[198,298,1021,1045]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">N. Aspe</collectorName>
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, A.
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<collectorName id="711FA49CFFF07937D41CFC1CFE4CFBB5" box="[352,452,1021,1045]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">Solis, D</collectorName>
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||
.
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<collectorName id="711FA49CFFF07937D4AFFC1CFDCCFBB5" box="[467,580,1021,1045]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">Flores, R</collectorName>
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. Librado,
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<date id="A854E78AFFF07937D7BCFC1CFEB0FB95" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" value="2003-12-11" valueMax="2003-12-14" valueMin="2003-12-11">
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<collectingDate id="B8101E62FFF07937D7BCFC1CFEB0FB95" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" value="2003-12-11" valueMax="2003-12-14" valueMin="2003-12-11">11–14 December 2003</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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<materialsCitation id="6C82CB17FFF07937D438FBFFFDECFBF5" collectingDate="2003-12-11" collectingDateMax="2003-12-14" collectingDateMin="2003-12-11" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="N. Aspe & Aspe, A & Solis, D & Flores, R" country="Philippines" county="Mindanao Island" elevation="1524" latitude="7.001111" location="Brgy Baracatan" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="125.36527" municipality="Mt. Apo National Park" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" specimenCode="ANN 0073" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1" stateProvince="Davao" typeStatus="paratype">
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||
<typeStatus id="03517FE8FFF07937D438FBFFFE2EFB96" box="[324,422,1054,1078]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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||
:
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<specimenCount id="CAEC0AC3FFF07937D4CEFBFFFD91FB95" box="[434,537,1053,1077]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" type="adult">one adult</specimenCount>
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, amputee (
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<collectionCode id="BAFB598FFFF07937D7EDFBFCFD4FFB95" box="[657,711,1053,1077]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">ZRC</collectionCode>
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.
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<specimenCode id="8C4C6931FFF07937D7B6FBFCFF49FBF5" collectionCode="ANN" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">ANN 0073</specimenCode>
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), same collection data as for holotype
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="94F092C1FFF07937D5F4FB9CFDB9FB75" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="DC55C14AFFF07937D5F4FB9CFDB9FB75" blockId="8.[134,776,1149,1237]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">
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<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D5F4FB9CFE8FFB35" bold="true" box="[136,263,1149,1173]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The species is the Latin word for ‘eagle’. Mt. Apo is known as home of the majestic but critically endangered Philippine eagle
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<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D43DFB5CFDB9FB75" box="[321,561,1213,1237]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">
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||
<taxonomicName id="1BEABAC9FFF07937D43DFB5CFDA5FB75" authorityName="Ogilvie-Grant" authorityYear="1896" box="[321,557,1213,1237]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Pithecophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jefferyi">Pithecophaga jefferyi</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="94F092C1FFF07937D5F4FB1CFE07FA55" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="DC55C14AFFF07937D5F4FB1CFE07FA55" blockId="8.[135,778,1277,1525]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">
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<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D5F4FB1CFF75FAB5" bold="true" box="[136,253,1277,1301]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Dimension
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<quantity id="1B126CAFFFF07937D4FEFB1CFE54FAB5" box="[386,476,1277,1301]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" unit="mm" value="165.0">165 mm</quantity>
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||
×
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<quantity id="1B126CAFFFF07937D480FB1CFDE6FAB5" box="[508,622,1277,1301]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" unit="mm" value="5.1" valueMax="5.2" valueMin="5.0">5–5.2 mm</quantity>
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; body reddish brown, appearing striped due to its non-pigmented segmental equators; one pair of spermathecal pores at 5/6; distance between spermathecal pores and male pores 0.22 and 0.21 circumference apart ventrally, respectively; intestinal origin in xv; spermatheca with an elongated ampulla and a very large bulbous, muscular duct; prostates extending from xvi–xviii; penis lacking.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="94F092C1FFF07937D5F4F9FCFA4BFC15" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="DC55C14AFFF07937D5F4F9FCFC8FF815" blockId="8.[136,776,1565,1974]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">
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<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D5F4F9FCFE94F995" bold="true" box="[136,284,1565,1589]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">Description.</emphasis>
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||
Reddish brown dorsum, lighter ventrum, equators non-pigmented making it appear striped. Length
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||
<quantity id="1B126CAFFFF07937D5F4F9BCFF6CF9D5" box="[136,228,1629,1653]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" unit="mm" value="165.0">165 mm</quantity>
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(n=
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<specimenCount id="CAEC0AC3FFF07937D46BF9BCFEECF9D5" box="[279,356,1629,1653]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
); diameter
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||
<quantity id="1B126CAFFFF07937D49EF9BCFDABF9D5" box="[482,547,1629,1653]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
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||
at x,
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||
<quantity id="1B126CAFFFF07937D714F9BCFD36F9D5" box="[616,702,1629,1653]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" unit="mm" value="5.2">5.2 mm</quantity>
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||
at xx; body cylindrical in cross-section, tail tapering; 94 segments. First dorsal pore 12/13. One pair of spermathecal pores at 5/6, distance between spermathecal pores
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<quantity id="1B126CAFFFF07937D710F95CFD4BF975" box="[620,707,1725,1749]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
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||
(0.22 circumference ventrally apart). Female pore single in xiv. Openings of copulatory bursae paired in xviii, distance between openings
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||
<quantity id="1B126CAFFFF07937D416F8FCFE4DF895" box="[362,453,1821,1845]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
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||
(0.21 circumference apart ventrally); 7 setae between openings. Clitellum annular, from xiv to xvi. Setae unevenly distributed around equators in some segments; 39–42 setae on vii, 44 setae on xx, dorsal setal gaps present, no ventral gaps. Genital markings lacking.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DC55C14AFFF07937D5F4F83CFA8FFE35" blockId="8.[136,775,2013,2102]" lastBlockId="8.[834,1475,189,405]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">Septa 5/6, 7/8, 10/11/12 muscular, 6/7, 8/9, 12/13/14 thin, 9/10 lacking. Dense tufts of nephridia on anterior faces of 5/6 and 6/7; nephridia of intestinal segments located mainly on body near septum/body wall junction. Large gizzard in viii–x, esophagus with low vertical lamellae x–xiii. Intestinal origin in xv, caeca simple originating in xxvii, extending forward to xxiii. Typhlosole very low originating in xxvii, Intestinal wall with 29 longitudinal blood vessels. Hearts in x to xiii, esophageal; commissural vessels in vi, vii, and ix lateral; those in viii extending to gizzard.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DC55C14AFFF07937D63FFE5CFA4BFC15" blockId="8.[834,1476,445,949]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">Ovaries and funnels free in xiii. Spermathecae paired, postseptal in vi, with nephridia on ducts; each spermatheca with an elongated ampulla and a very large bulbous, muscular duct, diverticulum attached to the ectal portion of the left face of the right spermathecal duct, and to right face of the left spermathecal duct, stalks long, bent, terminating in sausage-shaped receptacles. Male sexual system holandric, testes and funnels enclosed in paired sacs in x, xi; seminal vesicles in xi, xii, each with a digitate dorsal lobe; vesicles of xi enclosed in testis sacs; vasa deferentia slender, free from body wall en route to ental end of prostatic ducts; prostates in xvi to xviii; each prostate a single, dense, racemose mass, with three lobes; short, muscular duct entering central area of copulatory bursa. Copulatory bursae ovate in xvii–xviii; coelomic surfaces muscular, secretory diverticula lacking; two pads present on roof, one pad present floor; penis lacking.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="94F092C1FFF07935D63FFC3CFE38FE75" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="367" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="DC55C14AFFF07937D63FFC3CFACBFAB5" blockId="8.[835,1476,989,1302]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D63FFC3CFC3AFC55" bold="true" box="[835,946,989,1013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BEABAC9FFF07937D6C5FC3CFBFCFC55" authority="Aspe & James, 2017" authorityName="Aspe & James" authorityYear="2017" box="[953,1140,989,1013]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aquila" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D6C5FC3CFBFCFC55" box="[953,1140,989,1013]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">Pheretima aquila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F5ADA023FFF07937D1FFFC3FFA8CFC55" box="[1155,1284,989,1013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
belongs to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BEABAC9FFF07937D0D0FC3FFC21FBB5" baseAuthorityName="Horst" baseAuthorityYear="1893" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="urceolata">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D0D0FC3FFC21FBB5" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">P. urceolata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B87BBCBBFFF07937D16BFC1CFA82FBB5" author="Sims R & Easton E" box="[1047,1290,1021,1045]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" pagination="169 - 268" refId="ref15748" refString="Sims R & Easton E (1972) A numerical revision of the earthworm genus Pheretima with the recognition of new genera and an appendix on the earthworms collected by the Royal Society North Borneo Expedition. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 4: 169 - 268. doi: 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8312.1972. tb 00694. x." type="journal article" year="1972">Sims & Easton (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
characterised by having spermathecal pores opening only at 5/6. To date, there are 24 species members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BEABAC9FFF07937D194FBDFFAF9FBF5" baseAuthorityName="Horst" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[1256,1393,1085,1109]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="urceolata">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D194FBDFFAF9FBF5" box="[1256,1393,1085,1109]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">P. urceolata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, including the new species described here. According to Aspe et al. (2016), the phylogeny of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BEABAC9FFF07937D185FB9FFAF5FB35" baseAuthorityName="Horst" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[1273,1405,1149,1173]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="urceolata">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D185FB9FFAF5FB35" box="[1273,1405,1149,1173]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">P. urceolata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group formed a weakly-supported clade. However, we do not support any conclusion as to the monophyly of this group and we recommended in future studies to include more data to resolve the relationship among its members.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DC55C14AFFF07935D63FFADCFE38FE75" blockId="8.[834,1477,1341,2101]" lastBlockId="10.[135,776,189,469]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="367" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">
|
||
Among the members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BEABAC9FFF07937D102FADFFA8CFAF5" baseAuthorityName="Horst" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[1150,1284,1341,1365]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="urceolata">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D102FADFFA8CFAF5" box="[1150,1284,1341,1365]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">P. urceolata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BEABAC9FFF07937D021FADFFA4AFAF5" authorityName="Aspe & James" authorityYear="2017" box="[1373,1474,1341,1365]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aquila">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D021FADFFA4AFAF5" box="[1373,1474,1341,1365]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">P. aquila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is relatively similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BEABAC9FFF07937D147FABFFB27FAD5" authority="Aspe & James, 2017" authorityName="Aspe & James" authorityYear="2017" box="[1083,1199,1373,1397]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="libradoi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D147FABFFB27FAD5" box="[1083,1199,1373,1397]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">P. libradoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F5ADA023FFF07937D1C2FABFFAC8FAD5" box="[1214,1344,1373,1397]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="1B126CAFFFF07937D02CFABCFA22FAD5" box="[1360,1450,1373,1397]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" unit="mm" value="185.0">185 mm</quantity>
|
||
×
|
||
<quantity id="1B126CAFFFF07937D639FA9CFC3FFA35" box="[837,951,1405,1429]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.65" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" unit="mm" value="7.65" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="7.3">7.3–8 mm</quantity>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BEABAC9FFF07937D6B7FA9FFADAFA35" authority="(Hong & James, 2009)" baseAuthorityName="Hong & James" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[971,1362,1405,1429]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="buhiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D6B7FA9FFBD8FA35" box="[971,1104,1405,1429]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">P. buhiensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B87BBCBBFFF07937D11CFA9CFAC4FA35" author="Hong Y & James SW" box="[1120,1356,1405,1429]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" pagination="33 - 45" refId="ref15042" refString="Hong Y & James SW (2009) New earthworms of the Pheretima urceolata species group (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from southern Luzon, Philippines. Zootaxa, 2059: 33 - 45." type="journal article" year="2009">Hong & James, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="1B126CAFFFF07937D01FFA9CFCE4FA15" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.705" metricValueMax="2.21" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" unit="mm" value="170.5" valueMax="221.0" valueMin="120.0">120–221 mm</quantity>
|
||
× 4.0–
|
||
<quantity id="1B126CAFFFF07937D6C2FA7CFB9DFA15" box="[958,1045,1437,1461]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BEABAC9FFF07937D126FA7FFA4AFA15" authority="(Hong & James, 2009)" baseAuthorityName="Hong & James" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[1114,1474,1437,1461]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gorasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D126FA7FFB36FA15" box="[1114,1214,1438,1461]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">P. gorasi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B87BBCBBFFF07937D1B3FA7CFA33FA15" author="Hong Y & James SW" box="[1231,1467,1437,1461]" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" pagination="33 - 45" refId="ref15042" refString="Hong Y & James SW (2009) New earthworms of the Pheretima urceolata species group (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from southern Luzon, Philippines. Zootaxa, 2059: 33 - 45." type="journal article" year="2009">Hong & James, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="1B126CAFFFF07937D637FA5CFC4FFA75" box="[843,967,1469,1493]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.66" metricValueMax="1.77" metricValueMin="1.55" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" unit="m" value="166.0" valueMax="177.0" valueMin="155.0">155–177 m</quantity>
|
||
×
|
||
<quantity id="1B126CAFFFF07937D69AFA5CFBDDFA75" box="[998,1109,1469,1493]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" unit="mm" value="6.6" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="6.2">6.2–7 mm</quantity>
|
||
) in body size. But the latter three have more body segmentations (112–119), have much closer distance between spermathecal pores (0.04–0.1 circumference apart) and between male pores (0.07–0.12 circumference apart), and have no setae between male pores. In addition,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BEABAC9FFF07937D639F9BFFC40F9D5" baseAuthorityName="Hong & James" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[837,968,1629,1653]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="buhiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D639F9BFFC40F9D5" box="[837,968,1629,1653]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">P. buhiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BEABAC9FFF07937D68BF9BFFBD0F9D5" baseAuthorityName="Hong & James" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[1015,1112,1630,1653]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gorasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D68BF9BFFBD0F9D5" box="[1015,1112,1630,1653]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">P. gorasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have penes while the new species has none.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BEABAC9FFF07937D6CDF99CFBE3F935" authorityName="Aspe & James" authorityYear="2017" box="[945,1131,1661,1685]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aquila">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D6CDF99CFBE3F935" box="[945,1131,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">Pheretima aquila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is relatively close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BEABAC9FFF07937D02EF99FFC58F915" authority="James, 2004" authorityName="James" authorityYear="2004" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="heaneyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D02EF99FFA4BF935" box="[1362,1475,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">P. heaneyi</emphasis>
|
||
James, 2004
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BEABAC9FFF07937D172F97FFA9DF915" authority="James, 2004" authorityName="James" authorityYear="2004" box="[1038,1301,1693,1717]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="baletei">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D172F97FFBF5F915" box="[1038,1149,1693,1717]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">P. baletei</emphasis>
|
||
James,
|
||
<quantity id="1B126CAFFFF07937D1A2F97CFA9DF915" box="[1246,1301,1693,1717]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.090159999999999" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" unit="in" value="2004.0">2004</quantity>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the spacing between spermathecal pores with 0.19–0.22 circumference apart for the former and 0.25 circumference apart for the latter. However, the latter two have relative smaller body size (
|
||
<quantity id="1B126CAFFFF07937D6FCF8FCFB8FF895" box="[896,1031,1821,1845]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.95" metricValueMax="11.6" metricValueMin="8.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" unit="mm" value="99.5" valueMax="116.0" valueMin="83.0">83–116 mm</quantity>
|
||
×
|
||
<quantity id="1B126CAFFFF07937D157F8FCFB39F895" box="[1067,1201,1821,1845]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.65" metricValueMax="5.4" metricValueMin="3.9" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" unit="mm" value="4.65" valueMax="5.4" valueMin="3.9">3.9–5.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BEABAC9FFF07937D199F8FFFAD4F895" authorityName="James" authorityYear="2004" box="[1253,1372,1821,1845]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="heaneyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D199F8FFFAD4F895" box="[1253,1372,1821,1845]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">P. heaneyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and>
|
||
<quantity id="1B126CAFFFF07937D0DBF8FCFCE5F8F5" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" unit="mm" value="78.0">78 mm</quantity>
|
||
×
|
||
<quantity id="1B126CAFFFF07937D6EDF8DCFB9EF8F5" box="[913,1046,1853,1877]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="4.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" unit="mm" value="4.4" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="4.3">4.3–4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BEABAC9FFF07937D136F8DFFB3DF8F5" authorityName="James" authorityYear="2004" box="[1098,1205,1853,1877]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="baletei">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D136F8DFFB3DF8F5" box="[1098,1205,1853,1877]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">P. baletei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BEABAC9FFF07937D1B3F8DCFA1CF8F5" authorityName="James" authorityYear="2004" box="[1231,1428,1853,1877]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="baletei">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D1B3F8DCFA1CF8F5" box="[1231,1428,1853,1877]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">Pheretima baletei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has faint pink colouration. We observed that the spermathecal diverticula for members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BEABAC9FFF07937D1E7F89FFAA9F835" baseAuthorityName="Horst" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[1179,1313,1917,1941]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="urceolata">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D1E7F89FFAA9F835" box="[1179,1313,1917,1941]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">P. urceolata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, at least for the Mindanao Island species (these morphological features were not observed or described in other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BEABAC9FFF07937D183F85CFA4AF875" box="[1279,1474,1981,2005]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="8" pageNumber="365" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF07937D183F85CFAE6F875" box="[1279,1390,1981,2005]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="365">Pheretima</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of Luzon Island), are located on the left face of the duct of the left spermathecae and on the right face of the duct of the right spermathecae. In contrast, the spermathecal diverticula for members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BEABAC9FFF27935D48CFF5FFD07FF75" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[496,655,190,213]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="367" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sangirensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF27935D48CFF5FFD07FF75" box="[496,655,190,213]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="367">P. sangirensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group are located on the left face of the duct of the right spermathecae and on the right face of the duct of the left spermathecae.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BEABAC9FFF27935D5F4FEFCFECAFE95" authorityName="Aspe & James" authorityYear="2017" box="[136,322,285,309]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="367" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aquila">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF27935D5F4FEFCFECAFE95" box="[136,322,285,309]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="367">Pheretima aquila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is different from the other members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BEABAC9FFF27935D5F4FEDFFE85FEF5" baseAuthorityName="Horst" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[136,269,317,341]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="367" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="urceolata">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF27935D5F4FEDFFE85FEF5" box="[136,269,317,341]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="367">P. urceolata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group of Mindanao Island as its spermathecal diverticula are located on the left face of the duct of the right spermathecae and on the right face of the duct of the left spermathecae. No other species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BEABAC9FFF27935D74BFE7FFD36FE15" baseAuthorityName="Horst" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[567,702,413,437]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="367" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="urceolata">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF27935D74BFE7FFD36FE15" box="[567,702,413,437]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="367">P. urceolata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group closely resemble
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BEABAC9FFF27935D43BFE5FFE21FE75" authorityName="Aspe & James" authorityYear="2017" box="[327,425,445,469]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="367" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aquila">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE9E1D58FFF27935D43BFE5FFE21FE75" box="[327,425,445,469]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="367">P. aquila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |