148 lines
18 KiB
XML
148 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="60FBB2D99397E092EE820088BFF69134" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3706.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a9befad7-4b65-4998-8e82-a00f933fdecb" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="284605" ID-ZooBank="486DF839-3C97-4B16-9E2D-9E06F4D85F8F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460672839591" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Zwick, Peter" docDate="2013" docId="5424570CFF9A8904CED2FB69CF42F833" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03706p074.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3706 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Austrocyphon" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="A81D2F74FF9F8901CE45FFF7CA0CFFC1" masterDocTitle="Australian Marsh Beetles (Coleoptera: Scirtidae) 4. Two new genera, Austrocyphon and Tasmanocyphon" masterLastPageNumber="74" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1698348779242" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="6234E7621702B1D93732BCFD71D9E44D">Australian Marsh Beetles (Coleoptera: Scirtidae) 4. Two new genera, Austrocyphon and Tasmanocyphon</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4E87D5F7A74F208FC00A3F400D95B70F">Zwick, Peter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="A326C9C6A3B59CD8A30E637C0FA5E939">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2523D129DDA4B3F12D2857C89B6C8294">
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<mods:date id="B7279876B3F34C3B4BE1CC2719DF9F9A">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="33A5DB92F71E547ED325D0FB5C983388">3706</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="45D2AFB98329140F157A66C5BBE4E1ED" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3706.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="5424570CFF9A8904CED2FB69CF42F833" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5670444" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127665546" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5670444" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5424570CFF9A8904CED2FB69CF42F833" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5424570CFF9A8904CED2FB69CF42F833" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<subSubSection id="9497B591FF9A8904CED2FB69CF42F833" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="DC32E61AFF9A8904CED2FB69CBE7FB79" blockId="5.[151,491,1182,1208]" box="[151,491,1182,1208]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<heading id="877A5176FF9A8904CED2FB69CBE7FB79" bold="true" box="[151,491,1182,1208]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="EEF93A08FF9A8904CED2FB69CBE7FB79" bold="true" box="[151,491,1182,1208]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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The
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<taxonomicName id="1B8D9D99FF9A8904CE8AFB69CB74FB79" box="[207,376,1182,1208]" class="Insecta" family="Scirtidae" genus="Austrocyphon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="EEF93A08FF9A8904CE8AFB69CB74FB79" bold="true" box="[207,376,1182,1208]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Austrocyphon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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-complex
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DC32E61AFF9A8904CED2FB11C948FA87" blockId="5.[151,1437,1253,2034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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In collections, almost all small
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<taxonomicName id="1B8D9D99FF9A8904CFBCFB12C851FB3F" box="[505,605,1253,1278]" class="Insecta" family="Scirtidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scirtidae</taxonomicName>
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with walking hind femora (as opposed to saltatorial legs) were originally sorted as
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<emphasis id="EEF93A08FF9A8904CF44FAFECB53FAE3" box="[257,351,1289,1314]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName id="1B8D9D99FF9A8904CF44FAFECB57FAE3" box="[257,347,1289,1314]" class="Insecta" family="Scirtidae" genus="Cyphon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyphon</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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in some wide sense.The preliminary generic key (
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<bibRefCitation id="B81C9BEBFF9A8904CDD1FAFDCE19FAE3" author="Watts" box="[916,1045,1290,1314]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Watts, C. H. S. (2011) Revision of Australian Scirtidae of the genera Chameloscyphon gen. nov., Daploeuros gen. nov., Dasyscyphon gen. nov., Eurycyphon gen. nov., Macrodascillus Carter, Petrocyphon gen. nov. and Spaniosdascillus gen. nov. (Coleoptera). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 135, 66 - 110." type="journal article" year="2011">Watts 2011</bibRefCitation>
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) had two couplets leading to small beetles more or less resembling the genus
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<taxonomicName id="1B8D9D99FF9A8904CC35FADAC8CBFA87" box="[624,711,1325,1350]" class="Insecta" family="Scirtidae" genus="Cyphon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="EEF93A08FF9A8904CC35FADAC8CBFA87" box="[624,711,1325,1350]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cyphon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in habitus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DC32E61AFF9A8904CE82FAA5CEF6FA17" blockId="5.[151,1437,1253,2034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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Attempts to recognize the
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<taxonomicName id="1B8D9D99FF9A8904CC4FFAA6C8A9FAAB" box="[522,677,1361,1386]" class="Insecta" family="Scirtidae" genus="Austrocyphon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="EEF93A08FF9A8904CC4FFAA6C8A9FAAB" box="[522,677,1361,1386]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Austrocyphon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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-complex by habitus or general body structure failed, but male genitalia immediately identify the group. In my earlier comparison (
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<bibRefCitation id="B81C9BEBFF9A8904CDD6FA82CE27FA4F" author="Zwick" box="[915,1067,1397,1422]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Zwick, P. (2013 b) Australian marsh beetles (Coleoptera: Scirtidae). 3. A restricted concept of genus Cyphon, Australian species of Cyphon s. str., and the new Australasian genus Nanocyphon. Genus, 24, 163 - 189." type="journal article" year="2013" yearSuffix="b">Zwick 2013b</bibRefCitation>
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) of taxa with
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<taxonomicName id="1B8D9D99FF9A8904CA8DFA82CAE3FA73" authority="Paykull" authorityName="Paykull" class="Insecta" family="Scirtidae" genus="Cyphon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coarctatus">
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<emphasis id="EEF93A08FF9A8904CA8DFA82CF90FA4C" box="[1224,1436,1397,1422]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cyphon coarctatus</emphasis>
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Paykull
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</taxonomicName>
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, the
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<typeStatus id="033658B8FF9A8904CF62FA6DCB5BFA73" box="[295,343,1434,1458]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
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species of
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<emphasis id="EEF93A08FF9A8904CF9CFA6EC8D6FA73" box="[473,730,1433,1458]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName id="1B8D9D99FF9A8904CF9CFA6EC83FFA73" box="[473,563,1433,1458]" class="Insecta" family="Scirtidae" genus="Cyphon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyphon</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="1B8D9D99FF9A8904CC7AFA6EC8D6FA73" box="[575,730,1433,1458]" class="Insecta" family="Scirtidae" genus="Austrocyphon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Austrocyphon</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="EEF93A08FF9A8904CD56FA6EC9C4FA73" box="[787,968,1433,1458]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Tasmanocyphon</emphasis>
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were together called the
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<taxonomicName id="1B8D9D99FF9A8904CAAFFA6ECAD0FA17" class="Insecta" family="Scirtidae" genus="Cyphon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="doctusgroup">
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<emphasis id="EEF93A08FF9A8904CAAFFA6ECAD0FA17" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cyphon doctusgroup</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The new genera exhibit none of the characters that distinguish true
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<taxonomicName id="1B8D9D99FF9A8904CD92FA4ACE22FA17" box="[983,1070,1469,1494]" class="Insecta" family="Scirtidae" genus="Cyphon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="EEF93A08FF9A8904CD92FA4ACE22FA17" box="[983,1070,1469,1494]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cyphon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species (
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<tableCitation id="910FD3A1FF9A8904CAD0FA4ACEE4FA17" box="[1173,1256,1469,1494]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,239,152,175]" captionTargetBox="[159,1403,304,1046]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Character expressions in Cyphon s. str. and Austrocyphon, based on the type species, C. coarctatus Paykull and A. charon sp. n., respectively. Pupae are similar. Larval characters from laboratory raised specimens. Presumably apomorphic character expressions in italic script. Adults of Tasmanocyphon agree with Austrocyphon, immature stages unknown." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/88F2B692FF998907CED2FF6FCB0DFECE" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" tableUuid="88F2B692FF998907CED2FF6FCB0DFECE">Table 1</tableCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DC32E61AFF9A8904CE82FA16CB61F913" blockId="5.[151,1437,1253,2034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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The male genitalia of members of the
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<taxonomicName id="1B8D9D99FF9A8904CC3EFA16C91AFA3B" box="[635,790,1505,1530]" class="Insecta" family="Scirtidae" genus="Austrocyphon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="EEF93A08FF9A8904CC3EFA16C91AFA3B" box="[635,790,1505,1530]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Austrocyphon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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complex are distinguished by the following (see
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<figureCitation id="44B6FA9FFF9A8904CB0DFA16CF82FA3B" box="[1352,1422,1505,1530]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1482,1504]" captionTargetBox="[178,1412,210,1436]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[153,1434,193,1460]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 9. Austrocyphon genitalia. 6, 7, Austrocyphon ovensensis, male from VIC, Yarra Junction: 6, abdominal tip with everted genitalia in side view; 7, penis in ventral view; broken line indicates dorsal flange of frame. Not to scale. 8, 9, A. doctus (Lea), female: 8, segment 8 and ovipositor in dorsal view; not to scale. 9, wall of accessory gland of genitalia (cleared), diagrammatic combination of surface view and optical section through edge. C, centema; fo, foramen; gs, gonostyle; gx, gonoxocite; op, apodeme of ovipositor; P, pala; Pe, parameroid; S, sternite (with ordinal number); sp, spur; T, tergite (with ordinal number); Tn, tegmen; Tr, trigonium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284607/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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): the pala, or penis base, is surrounded by a narrow sclerite ring, the ends of which are connected by a transverse bridge supporting the trigonium; the parameroids inserting laterally at the same level extend backward beyond the trigonium. However, unlike most
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<taxonomicName id="1B8D9D99FF9A8904CC65F9BAC888F9A7" box="[544,644,1613,1638]" class="Insecta" family="Scirtidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scirtidae</taxonomicName>
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they are not separate lateral appendages but merge with each other dorsally from the trigonium. Together, they form a single common sclerite with transparent centre so that the trigonium stands in front of a window-like unsclerotized area, the foramen, and is surrounded or framed by the fused parameroids.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DC32E61AFF9A8904CE82F92ACF9FF937" blockId="5.[151,1437,1253,2034]" box="[199,1427,1757,1782]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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The above character expressions are regarded as apomorphic. For details of my reasoning see
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<bibRefCitation id="B81C9BEBFF9A8904CAA1F92ACF82F937" author="Zwick" box="[1252,1422,1757,1782]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Zwick, P. (2013 b) Australian marsh beetles (Coleoptera: Scirtidae). 3. A restricted concept of genus Cyphon, Australian species of Cyphon s. str., and the new Australasian genus Nanocyphon. Genus, 24, 163 - 189." type="journal article" year="2013" yearSuffix="b">Zwick (2013b)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DC32E61AFF9A8904CE82F8F6CF42F833" blockId="5.[151,1437,1253,2034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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Females of only a few species were reliably associated, either from pairs taken
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<emphasis id="EEF93A08FF9A8904CA7AF8F5CEA4F8DB" box="[1087,1192,1793,1818]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">in copula</emphasis>
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, or in the few species with characteristic colour patterns or surface structure that can be identified
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<emphasis id="EEF93A08FF9A8904CA01F8D2CE93F8FF" box="[1092,1183,1829,1854]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ad hoc.</emphasis>
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The genital tract of
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<taxonomicName id="1B8D9D99FF9A8904CED2F8BECB3EF8A3" box="[151,306,1865,1890]" class="Insecta" family="Scirtidae" genus="Austrocyphon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="EEF93A08FF9A8904CED2F8BECB3EF8A3" box="[151,306,1865,1890]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Austrocyphon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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females lacks prehensors or other specific sclerotized structures. Poorly delimited vague sclerotization of the oviduct close to its end inside the ovipositor or feeble vulvar sclerites are observed in a few. The delicate cuticular ornaments (for example,
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<figureCitation id="44B6FA9FFF9A8904CCF9F866C90CF86B" box="[700,768,1937,1962]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1482,1504]" captionTargetBox="[178,1412,210,1436]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[153,1434,193,1460]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 9. Austrocyphon genitalia. 6, 7, Austrocyphon ovensensis, male from VIC, Yarra Junction: 6, abdominal tip with everted genitalia in side view; 7, penis in ventral view; broken line indicates dorsal flange of frame. Not to scale. 8, 9, A. doctus (Lea), female: 8, segment 8 and ovipositor in dorsal view; not to scale. 9, wall of accessory gland of genitalia (cleared), diagrammatic combination of surface view and optical section through edge. C, centema; fo, foramen; gs, gonostyle; gx, gonoxocite; op, apodeme of ovipositor; P, pala; Pe, parameroid; S, sternite (with ordinal number); sp, spur; T, tergite (with ordinal number); Tn, tegmen; Tr, trigonium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284607/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
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) on the wall of the large accessory gland (
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<bibRefCitation id="B81C9BEBFF9A8904CAB0F866CF94F86B" author="Nyholm" box="[1269,1432,1937,1962]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Nyholm, T. (1969) Uber Bau und Funktion der Kopulationsorgane bei den Cyphones (Col. Helodidae). Studien uber die Familie Helodidae. X. Entomologisk Tidskrift, 90, 233 - 271, plates I - VII." type="journal article" year="1969">Nyholm 1969</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="B81C9BEBFF9A8904CED2F841CADDF80F" author="Nyholm" box="[151,209,1974,1998]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Nyholm, T. (2002) Scirtes japonicus Kiesenwetter and its allies, with description of Scirtes ussuriensis n. sp. (Coleoptera, Scirtidae). Entomologische Blatter, 98, 49 - 60." type="journal article" year="2002">2002</bibRefCitation>
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) are not specific.
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<taxonomicName id="1B8D9D99FF9A8904CFDDF842C83FF80F" box="[408,563,1973,1998]" class="Insecta" family="Scirtidae" genus="Austrocyphon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="EEF93A08FF9A8904CFDDF842C83FF80F" box="[408,563,1973,1998]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Austrocyphon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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females lack distinctive characters of their own and can therefore not reliably be distinguished from many other so-called Australian
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<taxonomicName id="1B8D9D99FF9A8904CCBAF82EC95AF833" box="[767,854,2009,2034]" class="Insecta" family="Scirtidae" genus="Cyphon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="EEF93A08FF9A8904CCBAF82EC95AF833" box="[767,854,2009,2034]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cyphon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, for example of the
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<taxonomicName id="1B8D9D99FF9A8904CA7FF82ECEF7F833" box="[1082,1275,2009,2034]" class="Insecta" family="Scirtidae" genus="Cyphon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lindensis">
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<emphasis id="EEF93A08FF9A8904CA7FF82ECEF7F833" box="[1082,1275,2009,2034]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cyphon lindensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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-group.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |