212 lines
21 KiB
XML
212 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.770.24281" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0635020c-7c2e-44f6-9ba4-bc029a7b7e62" ID-PMC="PMC6041351" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970--193" ID-PubMed="30002594" ID-ZBK="7ACAE33BE06240A3AB1F5EBF3CC3CFA3" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970--193" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys " ModsDocTitle="Two new species of Brusqeulia Razowski & Becker, 2000 from the Neotropics, with comments on the systematic position of the genus in relation to the Apolychrosis Amsel, 1962 group of genera (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae, Cochylini)" checkinTime="1555317036819" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Santa-Rita, Jose V. Perez & Baixeras, Joaquin" docDate="2018" docId="54085DC9160D865AAEE4D18451376A99" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 770: 193-210" docOrigin="ZooKeys 770" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.770.24281" docTitle="Brusqeulia araguensis Santa-Rita & Baixeras, 2018, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="B86EF700-AFC8-4DF3-9BF2-55DE23D8F8FB" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="201" masterDocId="EC23274EFFBFFFD70121B37C67084115" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Brusqeulia Razowski & Becker, 2000 from the Neotropics, with comments on the systematic position of the genus in relation to the Apolychrosis Amsel, 1962 group of genera (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae, Cochylini)" masterLastPageNumber="210" masterPageNumber="193" pageNumber="197" updateTime="1668165952947" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Two new species of Brusqeulia Razowski & Becker, 2000 from the Neotropics, with comments on the systematic position of the genus in relation to the Apolychrosis Amsel, 1962 group of genera (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae, Cochylini)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Santa-Rita, Jose V. Perez</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Baixeras, Joaquin</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>770</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>193</mods:start>
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<mods:end>210</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.770.24281</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.770.24281</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970--193</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">7ACAE33BE06240A3AB1F5EBF3CC3CFA3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">7ACAE33BE06240A3AB1F5EBF3CC3CFA3</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="156199979" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B86EF700-AFC8-4DF3-9BF2-55DE23D8F8FB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/54085DC9160D865AAEE4D18451376A99" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="201" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="197" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="197">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/B86EF700-AFC8-4DF3-9BF2-55DE23D8F8FB" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Brusqeulia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brusqeulia araguensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="araguensis">Brusqeulia araguensis</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="4" pageNumber="197">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figures 3, 4B, D
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="198" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="198">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="198" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
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material.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="198">
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Holotype: ♂, Venezuela, Aragua State, locality of Rancho Grande,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="10.116667">10°7'N</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-67.343834">67°20.63'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 10-21 Feb 1969, D. Duckworth and E. Dietz (GS USNM 69274).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="198">
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Paratypes: (4♀). Venezuela, Aragua State, locality of Rancho Grande, 1100 m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="10.116667">10°7'N</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-67.343834">67°20.63'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 24-31 Oct 1966 (1♀) (SEM stub JBA202); 22-31 Jul 1967 (3♀), R.W. Poole (GS USNM 85011).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="198" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="198">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="198">
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The habitus of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. araguensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="araguensis">B. araguensis</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 3A) has more extensive dark brown scaling in the wing pattern compared to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. yunkensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="yunkensis">B. yunkensis</taxonomicName>
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, resulting in a more diffuse and ill-defined pattern. A similar pattern is found in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. teneimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="teneimorpha">B. teneimorpha</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. caracagena" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="caracagena">B. caracagena</taxonomicName>
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. Species more closely related to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. yunkensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="yunkensis">B. yunkensis</taxonomicName>
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(e.g.,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. baeza" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="baeza">B. baeza</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. uncicera" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="uncicera">B. uncicera</taxonomicName>
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) have a more defined, contrasting pattern. The forewing costal crescent-shaped blotch allows clear discrimination between the two species (well defined in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. yunkensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="yunkensis">B. yunkensis</taxonomicName>
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and diffuse in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. araguensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="araguensis">B. araguensis</taxonomicName>
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), but in the context of the genus, these differences could be assumed to represent variation. More diagnostic characters are associated with the male and female genitalia.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Brusqeulia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brusqeulia araguensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="araguensis">Brusqeulia araguensis</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished by the extremely narrow uncus, the narrowest in the genus, even compare to closely related species such as
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. bonita" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="bonita">B. bonita</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. baeza" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="baeza">B. baeza</taxonomicName>
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. The transtilla and gnathos are well developed in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. araguensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="araguensis">B. araguensis</taxonomicName>
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, similar to most species in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Brusqeulia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brusqeulia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Brusqeulia</taxonomicName>
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, and it is not diagnostic. Teeth or lobes are developed in the distal part of the sacculus coincident with the ventral part of the cucullus in most, if not all, species of the genus. Among congeners,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. araguensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="araguensis">B. araguensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. costispina" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="costispina">B. costispina</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. tripuncta" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="tripuncta">B. tripuncta</taxonomicName>
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all have several teeth, but their development in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. araguensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="araguensis">B. araguensis</taxonomicName>
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is moderate compared to the other two species. Finally, the phallus in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. araguensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="araguensis">B. araguensis</taxonomicName>
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is simpler than in most species of the genus. So far, morphological features of the females of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Brusqeulia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brusqeulia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Brusqeulia</taxonomicName>
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are limited by the paucity of material. The only females available are
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. caracagena" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="caracagena">B. caracagena</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. yunkensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="yunkensis">B. yunkensis</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. araguensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="araguensis">B. araguensis</taxonomicName>
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(the last two described in this paper). Both share a broad sterigma, but
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. araguensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="araguensis">B. araguensis</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. yunkensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="yunkensis">B. yunkensis</taxonomicName>
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are definitely more closely related to each other than either is to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. caracagena" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="caracagena">B. caracagena</taxonomicName>
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, even though differences between them are conspicuous. Both
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. caracagena" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="caracagena">B. caracagena</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. yunkensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="yunkensis">B. yunkensis</taxonomicName>
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lack the spiny cushion-like asymmetrical areas on the lamella antevaginalis found in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. araguensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="araguensis">B. araguensis</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. caracagena" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="caracagena">B. caracagena</taxonomicName>
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can be easily distinguished from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. araguensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="araguensis">B. araguensis</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. yunkensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="yunkensis">B. yunkensis</taxonomicName>
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by the ductus bursae, short in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. caracagena" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="caracagena">B. caracagena</taxonomicName>
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, long and convoluted in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. araguensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="araguensis">B. araguensis</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. yunkensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="yunkensis">B. yunkensis</taxonomicName>
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. The position of the ductus seminalis is clearly different in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. yunkensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="yunkensis">B. yunkensis</taxonomicName>
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(from cervix) and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. araguensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="araguensis">B. araguensis</taxonomicName>
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(from mid-corpus bursae); no information about the ductus seminalis in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. caracagena" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="caracagena">B. caracagena</taxonomicName>
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is available. The subpapillar spiny sclerite of the 8-9 intersegmental membrane is pointed in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. yunkensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="yunkensis">B. yunkensis</taxonomicName>
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and truncate in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. araguensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" rank="species" species="araguensis">B. araguensis</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="201" pageId="5" pageNumber="198" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="198">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="199" pageId="5" pageNumber="198">
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Head: Vertex with long whitish scales protruding anteriorly and dorsally, fan-shaped, between antennae. Frons slightly concave covered with a whitish scales. Antenna dark brown, length ca 0.4 as long as forewing costa, dorsally scaled, ventrally ciliated, two rows of scales per flagellomere. Labial palpus porrect, length (all three segments combined) ca. 1.3 times diameter of compound eye, uniformly scaled; first segment short, slightly upcurved with ochreous scales, second segment
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="199" start="start">long</pageBreakToken>
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, straight with ochreous scales, third segment short, slightly upcurved with a mixed of dominant ochreous scales and a few whitish scales only basally; opening of organ of vom Rath in apical position. Haustellum well developed. Ocelli and chaetosemata well developed.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="200" pageId="6" pageNumber="199">
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Thorax: Dorsum whitish ochreous with a dorso-apical dark brownish band. Smooth scaled including tegulae, with no tufts. Legs whitish, unmodified, male foreleg hairpencil absent. Forewing length 5.7 mm (n = 1) in males, 5.7-6.2 mm (x̄ = 5.9; n = 4) in females. Forewing pattern (Fig. 3A) not sexually dimorphic. Forewing upperside general background colour whitish with scattered greyish-brown marks; marking ill defined; pairs of strigulae ill defined, concolourous with general background, vaguely detectable, with variable degree of suffusion; basal and subbasal fasciae poorly developed, median fascia as an irregular costal blotch projected tornally, with a small group
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<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="200" start="start">of</pageBreakToken>
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dark scales at the level of cubital cell; some coma-like marks on the costa as postmedian and preterminal fasciae; fringe concolourous with general background; forewing underside uniformly brownish ochreous with some pale strigulae on the costa; overlapping area whitish. Hindwing upperside and underside, including fringe, uniformly brownish-ochreous; male costal fold absent; cubital pecten not detected.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="201" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
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Abdomen: Dorsally greyish, pale ochreous cephalad. Segment 8 unmodified in males. Male genitalia (based on one preparation; Fig. 3C) with tegumen well developed, laterally straight; uncus slender, straight, basally confluent with top of tegumen to drastically slimmed distally; socii membranous, hairy, obvious, moderately developed; gnathos as two arms distally fused and projected in a short process distally spatulate; transtilla broad, naked; appreciable pulvinus, valva elongate, costa concave, moderately sclerotised, cucullus subrectangular, membranous ventrally, costal area slightly sclerotised, central area densely hairy, sacculus basally convex, distally concave, well sclerotised, transition area of sacculus to cucullus with several tooth like distal process, one of them larger and basal clearly associated to the sacculus, the distal one assignable
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<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="201" start="start">to</pageBreakToken>
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the cucullus, a variable number of smaller teeth in between; vinculum broad but rather weakly developed; juxta strongly sclerotised horseshoe shaped; phallus (Fig. 3D) (fragmented in three pieces in the slide) presumably straight with simple caecum, central part broken; no teeth detected on the external surface; vesica simple with two clusters of cornuti, one distal (vesica not evaginated) consisting of non-deciduous (not detected in female corpus bursae) cornuti arranged in a single longitudinal band, another proximal consisting in an irregular patch of microspinulate cornuti. Segment 7 in females without modified scaling (corethogyne) but with two inconspicuous laterodorsal pockets on the 7-8 intersegmental membrane. Female genitalia (based on two preparations; Fig. 3B) with sterigma broad, complex, slightly asymmetrical, ostium simple, slightly on the right; sterigma broad extended laterally in pockets ventrally covered by acanthae continuous laterally with two asymmetrical membranous cushion-shaped areas densely covered by acanthae (Fig. 4A); lamella antevaginalis with a moderately sclerotised convex plate; lamella postvaginalis moderately sclerotised, broad, with a distinct ventrally prominent but smooth dome like plate; ductus bursae rugose, sinuous, posterior half more sclerotised, internally covered by ctenidia continuous with internal vestiture of corpus bursae; corpus bursae subglobular, densely internally covered by ctenidia; no signum or any other sclerotised area detected; ductus seminalis from central area of corpus bursae; no bulla seminalis detected; no spermatophore found; anterior apophysis short projected internally; behind the sterigma the ventral area of segment 8 as a densely spiny lobe; 8-9 intersegmental membrane densely covered by acanthae; densely spiny crescent shape ventral sclerite on the 8-9 intersegmental membrane at the level of the ventral lobes of the anal papillae; posterior apophysis simple, approximately as long as anal papillae; presence of evident broad egg pore between anal papillae.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="201">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="201">
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Figure 3. Morphological characters or
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Brusqeulia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brusqeulia araguensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="araguensis">Brusqeulia araguensis</taxonomicName>
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. A habitus (Paratype, female, Venezuela, Rancho Grande, 22-31 August 1967, USNM) B female genitalia (GS USNM85011) C male genitalia (GS USNM69274) D phallus (fragments photographically assemblage, may not correspond to the real order or orientation) (GS USNM6274). Abbreviations. ds: ductus seminalis connection to the bursa; la, lamella antevaginalis; lp, sclerite on the lamella postvaginalis; lt, lateral pocket; sf, ventral spinous field of segment 8; sp, subpapillar sclerite. Scale bars: 3 mm (A); 200
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(B, C, D).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Biology and distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="201">The early stages are unknown. Adults have been collected in February (n = 1), July (n = 2), August (n = 1), and October (n = 1) at middle elevation (1100 m) in Aragua State, Venezuela.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="201">The specific epithet refers to the state of Aragua in Venezuela.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="201">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="201">
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Figure 4. Female terminalia of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Brusqeulia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brusqeulia yunkensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yunkensis">Brusqeulia yunkensis</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. araguensis" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" rank="species" species="araguensis">B. araguensis</taxonomicName>
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, ventral view, under scanning electron microscopy. A
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. yunkensis" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" rank="species" species="yunkensis">B. yunkensis</taxonomicName>
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B
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. araguensis" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" rank="species" species="araguensis">B. araguensis</taxonomicName>
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C subpapillar sclerite of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. yunkensis" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" rank="species" species="yunkensis">B. yunkensis</taxonomicName>
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D same in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. araguensis" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" rank="species" species="araguensis">B. araguensis</taxonomicName>
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. Abbreviations; la, lamella antevaginalis; lp, lamella postvaginalis; sf, ventral spinous field of segment 8; sp, subpapillar sclerite. Scale bars 100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |