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<document id="2C46363728893A4EE49DE7BFF6CA4243" ID-CLB-Dataset="306316" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad171" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cc96d54d-471b-44ed-86bd-36473c22fe0b" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14360770" ID-ZooBank="EDB799C-B7FE-40B0-BFEF-30D3E0AE2A6F" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1732842866714" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Rosenfeld, Sebastián, Segovia, Nicolás I, Maturana, Claudia S, Aldea, Cristián, Saucède, Thomas, Brickle, Paul, Spencer, Hamish G, Poulin, Elie &amp; González-Wevar, Claudio A" docDate="2023" docId="533E87C5FFA5FFC0FCC248B9FDC5F59E" docLanguage="en" docName="zlad171.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 202 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad171" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C.9:ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Laevilitorina hicana Gonzalez-Wevar &amp; Rosenfeld, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="AF07FFBDFFA9FFCEFF864836FFC0F45C" masterDocTitle="A revision of the higher latitude periwinkle species Laevilitorina caliginosa sensu lato" masterLastPageNumber="18" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1733840964989" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="FF8A72BECA05805BE3FF964120450DBE">A revision of the higher latitude periwinkle species Laevilitorina caliginosa sensu lato</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F083B23CAC8C2026245E72DE099F646A">Rosenfeld, Sebastián</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="982411E5ACC8B8265393E71B4785E48F">Centro de Investigación Gaia-Antártica, Universidad de Magallanes, Avenida Bulnes 01855, Punta Arenas, Chile &amp; Laboratorio de Ecosistemas Marinos Antárticos y Subantárticos, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile &amp; Instituto Milenio Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Antárticos y Subantárticos (MI-BASE), Santiago, Chile &amp; Cape Horn International Center (CHIC), Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile &amp; Departamento de Biología Marina, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile &amp; Instituto Milenio en Socio-Ecología Costera (SECOS), Santiago, Chile</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F2CAD71E689C013A8600E745A7ABD4F7">Segovia, Nicolás I</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FCAEBE96020E3EE56CAC14B161A1B500">Maturana, Claudia S</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="29004358E6834E1A6F853F56DBA42F34">Saucède, Thomas</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="BE366129F992BBDA719EF6CA5758897D">Biogéosciences, UMR 6282 CNRS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6, boulevard Gabriel, 21000, Dijon, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="41877C19B885AFDABDDBD687772B924B">South Atlantic Environmental Research Institute, Ross Road, Stanley, Falkland Islands, UK &amp; School of Biological Sciences (Zoology), University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK &amp; Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="FDE775E5F9AD804EAD7FF1A253110CFA">Instituto Milenio Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Antárticos y Subantárticos (MI-BASE), Santiago, Chile &amp; Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas (ICML) - Centro de Investigación en Dinámicas de Ecosistemas de Altas Latitudes (Fondap IDEAL), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="C9E1EEF22D024B33ECD6BEE6BC70F924">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="533E87C5FFA5FFC0FCC248B9FDC5F59E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:533E87C5FFA5FFC0FCC248B9FDC5F59E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/533E87C5FFA5FFC0FCC248B9FDC5F59E" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" scope_class="Gastropoda" scope_subClass="Caenogastropoda" scope_subFamily="Laevilitorininae">
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<heading id="806081BFFFA5FFC2FCC248B9FA77F4F6" box="[836,1463,143,170]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="2">
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA5FFC2FCC248B9FA77F4F6" bold="true" box="[836,1463,143,170]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="1C974D50FFA5FFC2FCC248B9FAA6F4F6" ID-CoL="C5XQS" authority="Gonzalez-Wevar &amp; Rosenfeld" authorityName="Gonzalez-Wevar &amp; Rosenfeld" box="[836,1382,143,170]" class="Gastropoda" family="Littorinidae" genus="Laevilitorina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hicana" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA5FFC2FCC248B9FBE9F4F6" bold="true" box="[836,1065,143,170]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Laevilitorina hicana</emphasis>
González-Wevar &amp; Rosenfeld
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="F2D057BAFFA5FFC2FAED48A6FA77F4F6" box="[1387,1463,144,170]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<heading id="806081BFFFA5FFC2FBD148F8FB65F4B4" box="[1111,1189,206,233]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="3">
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA5FFC2FBD148F8FB65F4B4" bold="true" box="[1111,1189,206,233]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
(
<figureCitation id="43AC2A56FFA5FFC2FBE748F8FB5AF4B5" box="[1121,1178,206,233]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="13.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[125,1448,144,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-7@13.[125,1448,143,1761]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 7. Laevilitorina hicana, Hornos Island, southern South America.Scale bars: 1 mm unless specified otherwise.A–C, shell morphology and coloration of specimens collected from Hornos Island. D–F, radular morphology (SEM), showing a general view (F), lateral view (E), and outer marginal (F). G, distribution of L. hicana at Hornos Island, Cape Horn, southern South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14360792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14360792/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
)
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<heading id="806081BFFFA5FFC2FCBF48C3FA6FF551" box="[825,1455,245,269]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="2">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="FB8711FDFFA5FFC2FCBF48C3FA6FF551" box="[825,1455,245,269]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="1C974D50FFA5FFC2FCBF48C3FBDBF551" ID-CoL="3RVHP" baseAuthorityName="A. Gould" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[825,1051,245,269]" class="Gastropoda" family="Littorinidae" genus="Laevilitorina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caliginosa">
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA5FFC2FCBF48C3FBDBF551" box="[825,1051,245,269]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Laevilitorina caliginosa</emphasis>
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L6 –
<treatmentCitation id="5A3610C2FFA5FFC2FBD248C3FA6BF551" author="Gonzalez-Wevar CA &amp; Segovia NI &amp; Rosenfeld S" box="[1108,1451,245,269]" page="1527" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="2022">
<bibRefCitation id="BF064B22FFA5FFC2FBD248C3FA6BF551" author="Gonzalez-Wevar" box="[1108,1451,245,269]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Gonzalez-Wevar" page="1527" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="1521 - 34" refId="ref12374" refString="Gonzalez-Wevar CA, Segovia NI, Rosenfeld S et al. Seven snail species hidden in one: biogeographic diversity in an apparently widespread periwinkle in the Southern Ocean. Journal of Biogeography 2022; 49: 1521 - 34. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jbi. 14453" year="2022">
González-Wevar
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA5FFC2FA8448C0FAF0F551" box="[1282,1328,245,269]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al.</emphasis>
2022: 1527
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA5FFC2FCBF4918FBACF51A" box="[825,1132,302,326]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Zoobank registration:</emphasis>
zoobank.org: act:
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.
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<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA5FFC2FBA249B3FB17F5C3" box="[1060,1239,389,415]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Material examined</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="6BFF3C8EFFA5FFC2FCBF499AFB0CF65E" collectingDate="2016-11-20" collectionCode="MNHNCL" collectorName="Sebastian Rosenfeld." latitude="-55.965656" location="Hornos Island" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-67.25153" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCode="MNHNCL MOL-205439" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cape Horn" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="042C8871FFA5FFC2FCBF499AFC54F598" box="[825,916,428,452]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="8B319EA8FFA5FFC2FC39499AFB27F598" box="[959,1255,428,452]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
MNHNCL
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA5FFC2FBDE499AFB27F598" box="[1112,1255,428,452]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">MOL-205439</emphasis>
</specimenCode>
,
<location id="DE486008FFA5FFC2FA96499AFA02F598" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:533E87C5FFA5FFC0FCC248B9FDC5F59E:DE486008FFA5FFC2FA96499AFA02F598" box="[1296,1474,428,452]" latitude="-55.965656" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-67.25153" name="Hornos Island" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" stateProvince="Cape Horn">Hornos Island</location>
(−
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, −
<geoCoordinate id="BEA35014FFA5FFC2FC7049FDFB4BF5BF" box="[1014,1163,459,483]" degrees="67.251533" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="1" value="-67.25153">67.251533°W</geoCoordinate>
),
<collectingRegion id="1953F831FFA5FFC2FB2449FDFADDF5BE" box="[1186,1309,459,483]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Cape Horn</collectingRegion>
,
<date id="AF291013FFA5FFC2FAA849FDFCAFF65E" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2016-11-20">
<collectingDate id="BF6DE9FBFFA5FFC2FAA849FDFCAFF65E" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2016-11-20">20 November 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
, collected by
<collectorName id="76625305FFA5FFC2FC7E49DCFB0CF65E" box="[1016,1228,490,514]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Sebastián Rosenfeld.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
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<materialsCitation id="6BFF3C8EFFA5FFC2FCBF4A12FC12F607" collectionCode="MNHNCL" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCode="MNHNCL MOL-205440, MNHNCL MOL-205441" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="042C8871FFA5FFC2FCBF4A12FC5BF667" box="[825,923,548,571]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="8B319EA8FFA5FFC2FC534A12FAD4F667" box="[981,1300,547,572]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">MNHNCL MOL-205440</specimenCode>
;
<specimenCode id="8B319EA8FFA5FFC2FACB4A12FC0EF607" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">MNHNCL MOL-205441</specimenCode>
.
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<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA5FFC2FBCE4A4DFB74F6C8" box="[1096,1204,635,660]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB2836D3FFA5FFC2FCBF4A97FA50F7AE" blockId="12.[825,1474,673,1010]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA5FFC2FCBF4A97FCB0F6E5" box="[825,880,673,697]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Shell:</emphasis>
Small (maximum shell height
<quantity id="1C6F9B36FFA5FFC2FB3E4A97FADAF6E5" box="[1208,1306,673,697]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.73" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="3.73">3.73 mm</quantity>
), fusiform, with rounded to almost convex whorls, suture impressed, concave spire profile, apex blunt. Aperture ovoid and ≤ 64% of total H (
<figureCitation id="43AC2A56FFA5FFC2FCC24AC9FC6DF74B" box="[836,941,767,791]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="13.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[125,1448,144,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-7@13.[125,1448,143,1761]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 7. Laevilitorina hicana, Hornos Island, southern South America.Scale bars: 1 mm unless specified otherwise.A–C, shell morphology and coloration of specimens collected from Hornos Island. D–F, radular morphology (SEM), showing a general view (F), lateral view (E), and outer marginal (F). G, distribution of L. hicana at Hornos Island, Cape Horn, southern South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14360792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14360792/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 7A–C</figureCitation>
). Macroscopic spiral and axial sculpture absent, but multiple fine growth lines cover shell. Columella smooth, inner lip barely reflected over narrow and shallow umbilicus, outer lip thin, simple, and no evidence of thickening. Teleoconch opaque, but last whorl slightly translucent. Colour dark brown and black with small white spots, irregular in size and position. Operculum corneous. Mature H 3.73–
<quantity id="1C6F9B36FFA5FFC2FB004B8DFB23F78E" box="[1158,1251,955,979]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.20 mm</quantity>
(H/B = 1.05–1.36, SH =
<quantity id="1C6F9B36FFA5FFC2FCFF4BECFBD2F7AE" box="[889,1042,986,1010]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.615" metricValueMax="1.75" metricValueMin="1.48" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="1.615" valueMax="1.75" valueMin="1.48">1.48–1.75 mm</quantity>
) (Supporting Information, Table S6).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB2836D3FFA5FFC2FCBF4C22FCB6F017" blockId="12.[825,1474,1044,1099]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA5FFC2FCBF4C22FC30F077" box="[825,1008,1044,1068]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">External anatomy:</emphasis>
Ventral area of the foot orange, cephalic area black.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB2836D3FFA5FFC2FCBF4C5AFC19F123" blockId="12.[825,1475,1132,1407]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA5FFC2FCBF4C5AFC49F0D8" box="[825,905,1132,1156]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Radula:</emphasis>
Rachidian: five cusps, central cusp long, rectangular, and pointed (
<figureCitation id="43AC2A56FFA5FFC2FC454CBAFBCDF0FF" box="[963,1037,1164,1188]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="13.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[125,1448,144,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-7@13.[125,1448,143,1761]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 7. Laevilitorina hicana, Hornos Island, southern South America.Scale bars: 1 mm unless specified otherwise.A–C, shell morphology and coloration of specimens collected from Hornos Island. D–F, radular morphology (SEM), showing a general view (F), lateral view (E), and outer marginal (F). G, distribution of L. hicana at Hornos Island, Cape Horn, southern South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14360792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14360792/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
). First pair of flanking cusps pointed, outer cusps smaller and pointed. Lateral: five cusps, main cusp long, rectangular, and pointed, accompanied by two smaller pointed outer cusps and two continuously smaller inner cusps. Inner marginal: five cusps, main cusp pointed and rectangular, accompanied by one smaller, pointed outer cusp and three pointed inner cusps (
<figureCitation id="43AC2A56FFA5FFC2FC3A4D7EFBC2F103" box="[956,1026,1352,1376]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="13.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[125,1448,144,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-7@13.[125,1448,143,1761]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 7. Laevilitorina hicana, Hornos Island, southern South America.Scale bars: 1 mm unless specified otherwise.A–C, shell morphology and coloration of specimens collected from Hornos Island. D–F, radular morphology (SEM), showing a general view (F), lateral view (E), and outer marginal (F). G, distribution of L. hicana at Hornos Island, Cape Horn, southern South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14360792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14360792/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
). Outer marginal: 10 or 11 thin and pointed cusps (
<figureCitation id="43AC2A56FFA5FFC2FC044D51FC08F122" box="[898,968,1383,1407]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="13.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[125,1448,144,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-7@13.[125,1448,143,1761]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 7. Laevilitorina hicana, Hornos Island, southern South America.Scale bars: 1 mm unless specified otherwise.A–C, shell morphology and coloration of specimens collected from Hornos Island. D–F, radular morphology (SEM), showing a general view (F), lateral view (E), and outer marginal (F). G, distribution of L. hicana at Hornos Island, Cape Horn, southern South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14360792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14360792/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 7F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB2836D3FFA5FFC2FCBF4D96FAA6F1E4" blockId="12.[825,1382,1440,1464]" box="[825,1382,1440,1464]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA5FFC2FCBF4D96FBCAF1E4" box="[825,1034,1440,1464]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<typeStatus id="042C8871FFA5FFC2FCBF4D96FC52F1E4" box="[825,914,1440,1464]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
dimensions:
</emphasis>
Length
<quantity id="1C6F9B36FFA5FFC2FBD84D96FB7BF1E4" box="[1118,1211,1440,1464]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.73" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="3.73">3.73 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="1C6F9B36FFA5FFC2FA834D96FAA3F1E4" box="[1285,1379,1440,1464]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.74" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="2.74">2.74 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="938D6558FFA5FFC2FCBF4DECFC35F236" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="DB2836D3FFA5FFC2FCBF4DECFC35F236" blockId="12.[825,1474,1498,1642]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA5FFC2FCBF4DECFC77F1AD" box="[825,951,1498,1521]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Depositories:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="6BFF3C8EFFA5FFC2FC484DECFC31F236" collectionCode="MNHNCL" country="Chile" latitude="-55.965656" location="Hornos Island" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-67.25153" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCode="MNHNCL MOL-205439" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cape Horn" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="042C8871FFA5FFC2FC484DECFBF1F1AE" box="[974,1073,1498,1522]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCode id="8B319EA8FFA5FFC2FBC14DECFAA0F1AE" box="[1095,1376,1498,1522]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
MNHNCL
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA5FFC2FB544DECFAA0F1AE" box="[1234,1376,1498,1522]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">MOL-205439</emphasis>
</specimenCode>
. Museo Nacional de Historia Natural,
<collectingCountry id="A3807643FFA5FFC2FBEC4DCFFB64F24D" box="[1130,1188,1529,1553]" name="Chile" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Chile</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA5FFC2FCBF4E05FC00F216" box="[825,960,1586,1610]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Type locality:</emphasis>
<location id="DE486008FFA5FFC2FC4F4E05FB9FF216" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:533E87C5FFA5FFC0FCC248B9FDC5F59E:DE486008FFA5FFC2FC4F4E05FB9FF216" box="[969,1119,1586,1610]" country="Chile" latitude="-55.965656" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-67.25153" name="Hornos Island" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" stateProvince="Cape Horn">Hornos Island</location>
(−
<geoCoordinate id="BEA35014FFA5FFC2FBF84E04FAC8F216" box="[1150,1288,1586,1610]" degrees="55.965656" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="1" value="-55.965656">55.965656°S</geoCoordinate>
, −
<geoCoordinate id="BEA35014FFA5FFC2FAA44E04FA77F216" box="[1314,1463,1586,1610]" degrees="67.251533" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="1" value="-67.25153">67.251533°W</geoCoordinate>
),
<collectingRegion id="1953F831FFA5FFC2FCBF4E64FC6DF235" box="[825,941,1618,1642]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Cape Horn</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="A3807643FFA5FFC2FC314E64FC31F236" box="[951,1009,1618,1642]" name="Chile" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Chile</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="938D6558FFA5FFC2FCBF4EBDFBF9F29E" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="DB2836D3FFA5FFC2FCBF4EBDFBF9F29E" blockId="12.[825,1475,1675,1730]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA5FFC2FCBF4EBDFC4EF2FF" box="[825,910,1675,1699]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Habitat:</emphasis>
Rocky intertidal shores of Hornos Island, inside empty barnacle shells (
<figureCitation id="43AC2A56FFA5FFC2FC584E9CFBE8F29E" box="[990,1064,1706,1730]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="13.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[125,1448,144,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-7@13.[125,1448,143,1761]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 7. Laevilitorina hicana, Hornos Island, southern South America.Scale bars: 1 mm unless specified otherwise.A–C, shell morphology and coloration of specimens collected from Hornos Island. D–F, radular morphology (SEM), showing a general view (F), lateral view (E), and outer marginal (F). G, distribution of L. hicana at Hornos Island, Cape Horn, southern South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14360792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14360792/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 7G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="938D6558FFA5FFC2FCBF4EEAFC44F348" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="DB2836D3FFA5FFC2FCBF4EEAFC44F348" blockId="12.[825,1474,1756,1812]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA5FFC2FCBF4EEAFC1DF2A8" box="[825,989,1756,1780]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Materialstudied:</emphasis>
HornosIsland(−
<geoCoordinate id="BEA35014FFA5FFC2FB034EEAFACFF2A8" box="[1157,1295,1756,1780]" degrees="55.965656" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="1" value="-55.965656">55.965656°S</geoCoordinate>
,−
<geoCoordinate id="BEA35014FFA5FFC2FAA44EEAFA77F2A8" box="[1314,1463,1756,1780]" degrees="67.251533" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="1" value="-67.25153">67.251533°W</geoCoordinate>
),
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA5FFC2FCBF4ECAFC86F34F" box="[825,838,1788,1811]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">n</emphasis>
= 30.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="938D6558FFA5FFC2FCBF4F18FACDF3D8" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="DB2836D3FFA5FFC2FCBF4F18FACDF3D8" blockId="12.[825,1474,1838,1924]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA5FFC2FCBF4F18FC68F31A" box="[825,936,1838,1862]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Etymology:</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="042C8871FFA5FFC2FC584F18FBCCF31A" box="[990,1036,1838,1862]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">type</typeStatus>
locality of this new
<taxonomicName id="1C974D50FFA5FFC2FB584F18FA6BF31A" box="[1246,1451,1838,1862]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA5FFC2FB584F18FA9BF31A" box="[1246,1371,1838,1862]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Laevilitorina</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
is part of the traditional territory of the Yagán (Yaghan) people. In the Yagán language, the word ‘hica’ means sea.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="938D6558FFA5FFC0FCBF4FA8FDC5F59E" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="DB2836D3FFA5FFC0FCBF4FA8FDC5F59E" blockId="12.[825,1474,1950,2006]" lastBlockId="14.[129,778,144,450]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA5FFC2FCBF4FA8FC57F3EA" box="[825,919,1950,1974]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Remarks:</emphasis>
In terms of morphology, this
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA5FFC2FB4E4FA8FA85F3EA" box="[1224,1349,1950,1974]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Laevilitorina</emphasis>
differs from the other Cape Horn species (
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA5FFC2FBFE4F88FAD6F389" box="[1144,1302,1982,2006]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. caliginosa s.s.</emphasis>
) by exhibiting a globose shell and by having an aperture that occupies on average ≤ 64% of total shell height (Supporting Information, Table S6).
<taxonomicName id="1C974D50FFA7FFC0FF0748F9FE85F4BB" box="[129,325,207,231]" class="Gastropoda" family="Littorinidae" genus="Laevilitorina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hicana">
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA7FFC0FF0748F9FE85F4BB" box="[129,325,207,231]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Laevilitorina hicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is morphologically more similar to
<taxonomicName id="1C974D50FFA7FFC0FD3548F9FCC9F4BA" box="[691,777,207,230]" class="Gastropoda" family="Littorinidae" genus="Laevilitorina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pepita">
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA7FFC0FD3548F9FCC9F4BA" box="[691,777,207,230]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">L. pepita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Strait of Magellan, but the latter has an even more globose shell and an LA/H ratio of 0.68 ± 0.03. Moreover,
<taxonomicName id="1C974D50FFA7FFC0FD354938FCC8F579" box="[691,776,270,293]" class="Gastropoda" family="Littorinidae" genus="Laevilitorina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pepita">
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA7FFC0FD354938FCC8F579" box="[691,776,270,293]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">L. pepita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sometimes has spiral colour bands on the last whorl. The current species is rare: of all the areas we have been able to sample around the Magellanic province, it was recorded only at Hornos island.
<taxonomicName id="1C974D50FFA7FFC0FF4F49BDFE4DF5FF" box="[201,397,395,419]" class="Gastropoda" family="Littorinidae" genus="Laevilitorina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hicana">
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA7FFC0FF4F49BDFE4DF5FF" box="[201,397,395,419]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Laevilitorina hicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, like
<taxonomicName id="1C974D50FFA7FFC0FE4549BDFD92F5FF" box="[451,594,395,419]" class="Gastropoda" family="Littorinidae" genus="Laevilitorina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="magellanica">
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA7FFC0FE4549BDFD92F5FF" box="[451,594,395,419]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">L. magellanica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="1C974D50FFA7FFC0FD0549BDFD1AF5FE" box="[643,730,395,418]" class="Gastropoda" family="Littorinidae" genus="Laevilitorina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pepita">
<emphasis id="E9E3EAC1FFA7FFC0FD0549BDFD1AF5FE" box="[643,730,395,418]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">L. pepita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, can be found inside empty barnacle shells.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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