146 lines
13 KiB
XML
146 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.158.1910" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45221874-7fe5-4bd5-a3da-3b318b7dd9a8" ID-PMC="PMC3253626" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-158-1" ID-PubMed="22303109" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-158-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 158" ModsDocTitle="A Revision of the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Filifera) from Alaska and Adjacent Waters" checkinTime="1451249442870" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Cairns, Stephen D. & Lindner, Alberto" docDate="2011" docId="52F3116D8D58BE816E83572DA73F274A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 158: 1-88" docOrigin="ZooKeys 158" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.158.1910" docTitle="Errinopora undulata Lindner & Cairns, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="16" masterDocId="CD06FFFFD917034E2D15FFB73E6BFFD7" masterDocTitle="A Revision of the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Filifera) from Alaska and Adjacent Waters" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="14" updateTime="1668153073747" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>A Revision of the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Filifera) from Alaska and Adjacent Waters</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Cairns, Stephen D.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Lindner, Alberto</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>158</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>88</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.158.1910</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.158.1910</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-158-1</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032760" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CCDBFA1A-6AA3-4C95-A85A-216A3A760B4C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/52F3116D8D58BE816E83572DA73F274A" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CCDBFA1A-6AA3-4C95-A85A-216A3A760B4C" authority="Lindner & Cairns" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora undulata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulata">Errinopora undulata Lindner & Cairns</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="13" pageNumber="14">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Figs 5C, F7
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–J">A-J</normalizedToken>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora undulata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulata">Errinopora undulata</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lindner, 2005: 120-122, figs 4.6B, 4.19 (unpublished name).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="type material">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Holotype: Vessel and collector unknown, Amukta Pass, 350-500 m,1 dry female colony 12 cm tall, USNM 1123527 (Fig. 5C). Paratypes: Vessel and collector unknown, Amukta Pass, 356-640 m, 1996, 1 dry female colony, USNM 1123528; south of Semisopochnoi Island, 366 m, 1 dry female colony, USNM 88371. Type locality. Aleutian Islands: Amukta Pass, 350-500 m.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">The specific name undulata (from the Latin undulatus, meaning wavy) refers to the sinusoidal margin of the lamellate colonies.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="material examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Types.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Colonies lamellate, but wavy in construction resulting in a continuous, thin (1.7-2.0 mm thick), sinusoidal distal edge. Largest colony (USNM 1123528, Fig. 5F) 13 cm tall and 15 cm wide, with a massive basal branch 4.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.5 cm in diameter; holotype (Fig. 5C) smaller and less intact, measuring 12 cm tall and 11 cm wide, with a basal branch 3.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.8 cm in diameter. Parasitic spionid worm tubes found in only one colony (USNM 1123528). Coenosteum quite porous, consisting of a reticulum of narrow spiny strips separated by even wider slits, the spines being 10-15
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
in diameter. Coenosteum orange.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Dactylopore spines occur equally on both branch faces, but less abundant toward corallum base. Most dactylopores clustered around isolated gastropores in pseudocyclosystems, 3-5 spines surrounding one pore (Fig. 7B). Pseudocyclosystems most common toward base of colony but also occur frequently on more distal parts of corallum where they are interspersed with short, transverse rows of dactylopore spines that border the distal margins of one or more gastropores, their dactylotomes facing upward (abcauline) toward the gastropore; compound dactylopore spines absent. Dactylopore spines fairly short (rarely taller than 0.25 mm), 0.40-0.45 mm in width, and thin walled, the majority of width being the dactylotome; dactylopore spine walls longitudinally ridged. Dactylostyles robust (Fig. 7
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="I–J">I-J</normalizedToken>
|
||
), up to 0.12 mm in width, consisting of cylindrical elements up to 72
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="15" start="start">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
</pageBreakToken>
|
||
in length and 15
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
in diameter. Secondary flush dactylopores common, about 75
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
in diameter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Gastropores circular, flush with coenosteum, and 0.3-0.45 mm in diameter; secondary gastropores about 0.19 mm in diameter. Gastropore tubes short and lack a ring palisade. Gastrostyles lanceolate, the figured style (Fig. 7G) 0.54 mm in height and 0.29 mm in diameter, covered with longitudinal anastomosing spiny ridges.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="15" pageNumber="16" start="start">Female</pageBreakToken>
|
||
ampullae (Fig. 7
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||
) irregularly-shaped, flattened hemispheres up to 1.6 mm in diameter. Efferent pores not observed. Male ampullae unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="remark">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Remark.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora undulata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulata">Errinopora undulata</taxonomicName>
|
||
is quite similar to the lamellate form of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nanneca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nanneca">Errinopora nanneca</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but differs in a number of points, one being its colony form, which is a continuous wavy sheet of corallum, whereas that of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nanneca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nanneca">Errinopora nanneca</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more like a series of smaller dissected flat blades of a larger plate.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora undulata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulata">Errinopora undulata</taxonomicName>
|
||
also has shorter (0.25 vs 0.4 mm) and thin-walled (vs thick-walled) dactylopore spines, and larger gastropores (0.45 mm vs 0.20 mm in diameter) (see Dichotomous Key and Table 1).Of the 247 known stylasterid species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Appeltans, W" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="World Register of Marine Species." url="www.marinespecies.org" year="2001">Appeltans et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: WoRMS database: www.marinespecies.org) only five have adopted a lamellate corallum shape, four of these occurring in the Aleutian Islands (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Cyclohelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclohelia lamellata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lamellata">Cyclohelia lamellata</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster repandus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="repandus">Stylaster repandus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nanneca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nanneca">Errinopora nanneca</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora undulata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulata">Errinopora undulata</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the fourth being the Hawaiian
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Distichopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Distichopora anceps" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="anceps">Distichopora anceps</taxonomicName>
|
||
Cairns, 1978.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Known only from the Aleutian Islands: Amukta Pass and south of Semisopochnoi Island; 350-640 m (unconfirmed).</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
Figure 7. Female paratype of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora undulata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulata">Errinopora undulata</taxonomicName>
|
||
, USNM 1123528:
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||
, D plate surface showing female ampullae, dactylopore spines, and gastropores C cross section of plate showing several gastrostyles
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
|
||
coenosteal texture
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="G–H">G-H</normalizedToken>
|
||
lateral view of a gastrostyle and detail of spination
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="I–J">I-J</normalizedToken>
|
||
lateral and apical view of a robust dactylostyle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |