treatments-xml/data/52/0E/E8/520EE803FFD0FFAEFF57679BE4E32B59.xml

<document id="2F8E0A99ED44961DB9CC1A91367BA1FA" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.665.1.4" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14518657" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1734545333416" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Oliveira, José Florencio Cerqueira, Santos, Felipe Da Silva, Moreira, Ariane Dos Santos &amp; Queiroz, Luciano Paganucci De" docDate="2024" docId="520EE803FFD0FFAEFF57679BE4E32B59" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.665.1.036-044.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 665 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.665.1.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Paypayrola oppositifolia J. F. C Oliveira &amp; L. P. Queiroz 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="41" masterDocId="AE37907BFFD1FFABFFDF612FE1632F1E" masterDocTitle="Two New Species Of Paypayrola (Violaceae) From The Campinaranas Of The Brazilian Amazon" masterLastPageNumber="44" masterPageNumber="36" pageNumber="37" updateTime="1734552953894" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="FDE65BC6A3D42AAD73FB4E287BAC91ED">Two New Species Of Paypayrola (Violaceae) From The Campinaranas Of The Brazilian Amazon</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A1061764FD79D1C3CD38CA52AC0AD5D4">Oliveira, José Florencio Cerqueira</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="07DB418A27D2B9FB7CDAFC432218ABCC">Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Av. Transnordestina, Novo Horizonte, 44036 - 900, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7E5DC921717A0CEDF2AE388900E06801">Santos, Felipe Da Silva</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8ED23F58042331034CC81252221C704F">Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Av. Transnordestina, Novo Horizonte, 44036 - 900, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D3550683486A2AC55F1C7EEEAC4E6AD6">Moreira, Ariane Dos Santos</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4AE9C88E25BF21ADF7A8E9DF15750B6C">Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Av. Transnordestina, Novo Horizonte, 44036 - 900, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="007D6CD3E4D463DAC6AB12D1ADF7C51E">Queiroz, Luciano Paganucci De</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D037B87FED1F94F72C5F268D6DAFBDE9">Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Av. Transnordestina, Novo Horizonte, 44036 - 900, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="92BD0A9EFFD0FFAAFF57679BE2A329D0" box="[136,960,1716,1743]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="DA185915FFD0FFAAFF57679BE2A329D0" blockId="1.[136,960,1716,1743]" box="[136,960,1716,1743]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">
<heading id="8150EE79FFD0FFAAFF57679BE2A329D0" box="[136,960,1716,1743]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD0FFAAFF57679BE39729D0" authority="J.F.C Oliveira &amp; L.P. Queiroz" authorityName="J. F. C Oliveira &amp; L. P. Queiroz" authorityYear="2024" box="[136,756,1716,1743]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oppositifolia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD0FFAAFF57679BE0C229D1" bold="true" box="[136,417,1716,1743]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Paypayrola oppositifolia</emphasis>
J.F.C Oliveira &amp; L.P. Queiroz
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<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD0FFAAFD24679AE23329D0" box="[763,848,1717,1742]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F3E0387CFFD0FFAAFD24679AE23329D0" box="[763,848,1717,1742]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(Fig. 1,3)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="92BD0A9EFFD0FFAAFF57662FE3F42827" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="DA185915FFD0FFAAFF57662FE3F42827" blockId="1.[136,1452,1792,2066]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD0FFAAFF57662FE1A1280B" bold="true" box="[136,194,1792,1813]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Type:</emphasis>
— 
<collectingCountry id="A2B01985FFD0FFAAFF04662FE057280B" box="[219,308,1792,1813]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
. Amazonas: São Gabriel da Cachoeira, “São Felipe, margem direita do rio negro, terra firme, alta, mata alta”, 
<date id="AE197FD5FFD0FFAAFA90662FE18C2824" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" value="1952-03-19">19 March 1952</date>
, 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD0FFAAFF26660BE0C22827" box="[249,417,1828,1849]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD0FFAAFF26660BE0692827" box="[249,266,1828,1849]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">R</collectionCode>
. 
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. Fróes 27944
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="051CE7B7FFD0FFAAFE71660BE3672824" box="[430,516,1828,1850]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD0FFAAFDD6660BE35A2827" box="[521,569,1828,1849]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15591" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15591" name="Embrapa Amazônia Oriental" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" type="Herbarium">IAN</collectionCode>
[74749]!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="92BD0A9EFFD0FFA9FF576668E0532CB7" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="DA185915FFD0FFA9FF576668E3022FC6" blockId="1.[136,1452,1792,2066]" lastBlockId="2.[189,1452,159,217]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD0FFAAFF576668E0682843" bold="true" box="[136,267,1863,1885]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Diagnosis:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD0FFAAFED46667E09F2843" authorityName="J. F. C Oliveira &amp; L. P. Queiroz" authorityYear="2024" box="[267,508,1864,1885]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oppositifolia">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD0FFAAFED46667E09F2843" box="[267,508,1864,1885]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Paypayrola oppositifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to 
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD0FFAAFD616667E5442843" authority="Aymard &amp; G. A. Romero" authorityName="Aymard &amp; G. A. Romero" authorityYear="2014" box="[702,1063,1864,1886]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arenacea">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD0FFAAFD616667E2522843" box="[702,817,1864,1885]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">P. arenacea</emphasis>
Aymard &amp; G.A.Romero
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD0FFAAFB846667E069289C" authority="J. F. C Oliveira &amp; L. P. Queiroz" authorityName="J. F. C. Oliveira &amp; L. P. Queiroz" authorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pubiflora">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD0FFAAFB846667E5AC2843" box="[1115,1231,1864,1885]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">P. pubiflora</emphasis>
J.F.C Oliveira &amp; L.P. Queiroz
</taxonomicName>
due to their occurrence in sandy soil regions and white corolla color, turning color when dry. However, 
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD0FFAAFB2C6643E4E7289F" authorityName="J. F. C Oliveira &amp; L. P. Queiroz" authorityYear="2024" box="[1267,1412,1900,1921]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oppositifolia">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD0FFAAFB2C6643E4E7289F" box="[1267,1412,1900,1921]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">P. oppositifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from both species by having branches with thick, horizontally striated bark (vs. thin, smooth to vertically striated bark) and opposite leaves (vs. alternate to rarely subopposite). Additionally, 
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD0FFAAFC4F669BE57C28D7" authorityName="J. F. C Oliveira &amp; L. P. Queiroz" authorityYear="2024" box="[912,1055,1972,1993]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oppositifolia">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD0FFAAFC4F669BE57C28D7" box="[912,1055,1972,1993]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">P. oppositifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD0FFAAFAC0669BE4ED28D7" authorityName="Aymard &amp; G. A. Romero" authorityYear="2014" box="[1311,1422,1972,1993]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arenacea">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD0FFAAFAC0669BE4ED28D7" box="[1311,1422,1972,1993]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">P. arenacea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a tall stature, 
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tall (vs. short stature, 
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tall), petiole length of 
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(vs. 
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), and larger leaves (13) 15–25 (39) cm long (vs. 
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long). It also differs from 
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD0FFAAFD7266D3E27E270F" authorityName="J. F. C. Oliveira &amp; L. P. Queiroz" authorityYear="2024" box="[685,797,2044,2065]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pubiflora">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD0FFAAFD7266D3E27E270F" box="[685,797,2044,2065]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">P. pubiflora</emphasis>
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in having larger sepals (2–3.1 × 
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) and glabrous (vs. sepals 1.7–2 × 
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and pubescent), externally glabrous petals (vs. petals pubescent at the base or entirely pubescent on the outer part), and a glabrous ovary (vs. pubescent ovary).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DA185915FFD3FFA9FF576028E0532CB7" blockId="2.[136,1452,263,1982]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FF576028E0622E3C" bold="true" box="[136,257,263,290]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Small tree</emphasis>
to shrub, 
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tall; branches glabrous, bark dark brown, thick, hard, brittle, horizontally striated, missing scale scars; apical buds, usually deciduous, scales 3–4 × 
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, glabrous, deltoid, rarely filiform, entire margins, glabrous, base truncate, acute apex; when present, lenticels elongated, depressed, brownish-gray. 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FB6C6060E4712E77" bold="true" box="[1203,1298,335,361]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Stipules</emphasis>
not observed, probably deciduous. 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FEAA605BE0A42E90" bold="true" box="[373,455,372,398]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Leaves</emphasis>
opposite; petiole 5–15 × 
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, inflated at the base, rough to furrowed, blackened in young leaves, glabrous; blade (13) 15–25 (39) × 5–12 (15) cm, glabrous on both surfaces, oblanceolate to lanceolate, acuminate apex, entire margin, rarely repand to sinuate, attenuate to cuneate base, brochidodromous to camptodromous venation, 7–11 pairs of lateral veins, scalariform. 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FD6160F0E2042EE7" bold="true" box="[702,871,479,505]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Inflorescences</emphasis>
pseudoracemes, terminal or ramiflorous, emerging below coeval leaves, rachis 3–7 (10) cm long, glabrous, peduncle 
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, glabrous, brachyblasts usually 3-flowered, central flower older than the two lateral ones, flowers congested on the rachis; bract (at the base of the peduncle) 
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long, deltoid, glabrous; bracteole (at the base of the pedicel) ca. 
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long, deltoid, glabrous, rarely ciliate on the margin; pedicel ca. 
<quantity id="1D5FF4F0FFD3FFA9FE51635FE0AC2D94" box="[398,463,624,650]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long, glabrous. 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FD5A635FE3872D94" bold="true" box="[645,740,624,650]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Flowers</emphasis>
<quantity id="1D5FF4F0FFD3FFA9FD346340E2352D94" box="[747,854,623,650]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="13.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="6.0">6–20 mm</quantity>
long; 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FC42635FE2862D94" bold="true" box="[925,997,624,650]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">sepals</emphasis>
2–3.1 × 
<quantity id="1D5FF4F0FFD3FFA9FB966340E5DE2D94" box="[1097,1213,623,650]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 mm</quantity>
, subequal, imbricate, oval, glabrous, base truncate to rounded, margin entire, glabrous to ciliate, rounded to obtuse apex, 1–3 visible veins when rehydrated, usually with an appendix over the midvein, globose to fusiform; 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FBEE6397E5142DCC" bold="true" box="[1073,1143,696,722]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">petals</emphasis>
10–15 × 
<quantity id="1D5FF4F0FFD3FFA9FB3A6398E4392DCC" box="[1253,1370,695,722]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="1.8" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.6">1.6–2 mm</quantity>
, white, changing color when dry, lanceolate to linear, glabrous, truncate base, glabrous or ciliate margins at the base, obtuse to rounded apex; 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FE8F622FE0D32C04" bold="true" box="[336,432,768,794]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">stamens</emphasis>
<quantity id="1D5FF4F0FFD3FFA9FE6563D0E3212C04" box="[442,578,767,794]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="1.9" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.3 mm</quantity>
long, filaments fused into a tube ca. 
<quantity id="1D5FF4F0FFD3FFA9FC31622FE5532C04" box="[1006,1072,768,794]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long, glabrous, anthers glabrous, connective appendix barely visible &lt;
<quantity id="1D5FF4F0FFD3FFA9FDEA620BE3EE2C20" box="[565,653,804,830]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
long, brownish-orange, glabrous; 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FBC8620BE5382C20" bold="true" box="[1047,1115,804,830]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">ovary</emphasis>
1.8–2 × 0.7– 
<quantity id="1D5FF4F0FFD3FFA9FB29620BE43D2C20" box="[1270,1374,804,830]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="0.14">0.14 mm</quantity>
, ovoid to pyriform, glabrous, style 
<quantity id="1D5FF4F0FFD3FFA9FE1E6268E3502C7C" box="[449,563,839,866]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 mm</quantity>
long, straight, glabrous, stigma truncated. 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FBCC6268E53F2C7F" bold="true" box="[1043,1116,839,865]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Fruits</emphasis>
capsules, each valve 20–25 × 
<quantity id="1D5FF4F0FFD3FFA9FF576244E18B2C98" box="[136,232,875,902]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
, completely glabrous. 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FE366244E34F2C9B" bold="true" box="[489,556,875,901]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Seeds</emphasis>
2–3 per valve, 8–9 × 
<quantity id="1D5FF4F0FFD3FFA9FCF86244E2E42C98" box="[807,903,875,902]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5–6 mm</quantity>
, oblong to ellipsoid, glabrous, caruncle globose, ca. 
<quantity id="1D5FF4F0FFD3FFA9FF7062BFE1932CB4" box="[175,240,912,938]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="92BD0A9EFFD3FFAEFF62629CE4E32B59" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="DA185915FFD3FFA9FF62629CE2ED2B40" blockId="2.[136,1452,263,1982]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FF62629CE3EA2CD0" bold="true" box="[189,649,947,974]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Distribution, habitat, and phenology:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD3FFA9FD4A629CE2D22CD3" authorityName="J. F. C Oliveira &amp; L. P. Queiroz" authorityYear="2024" box="[661,945,947,973]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oppositifolia">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FD4A629CE2D22CD3" box="[661,945,947,973]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Paypayrola oppositifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known only from the Brazilian state of 
<collectingRegion id="186397F7FFD3FFA9FF5762F7E0622CEC" box="[136,257,984,1010]" country="Venezuela" name="Amazonas" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
, in the regions of the Negro River basin (Uaupé and Içana rivers) and the Solimões River basin (Coari and Tefé). It occurs in Campinarana, a 
<typeStatus id="051CE7B7FFD3FFA9FDC862D3E3242B08" box="[535,583,1020,1046]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">type</typeStatus>
of Amazonian vegetation characterized by low forest over dystrophic white sand soil (
<bibRefCitation id="BE3624E4FFD3FFA9FF25650FE0E32B24" author="IBGE" box="[250,384,1056,1082]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" refId="ref5824" refString="IBGE (2012) Manual Tecnico da Vegetacao Brasileira. Brasil. Rio de Janeiro. 274 pp." type="book" year="2012">IBGE 2012</bibRefCitation>
), with a distinct flora rich in endemism (
<bibRefCitation id="BE3624E4FFD3FFA9FC976530E5622B27" author="Fernandes, A. G." box="[840,1025,1055,1081]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" refId="ref5667" refString="Fernandes, A. G. (2006) Fitogeografia brasileira: provincias floristicas. Fortaleza, Brasil, 199 pp." type="book" year="2006">Fernandes 2006</bibRefCitation>
). It was collected with flowers in July and from October to November, and with fruits in November (
<figureCitation id="429C4590FFD3FFA9FC9D656CE2E32B40" box="[834,896,1091,1118]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[136,234,1236,1258]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,569,1212]" captionTargetId="figure-202@6.[151,1436,569,1212]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Geographic distribution of Paypayrola oppositifolia and Paypayrola pubiflora." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14518665" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14518665/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Fig 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DA185915FFD3FFA9FF626548E2E02BF0" blockId="2.[136,1452,263,1982]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FF626548E0DA2B9C" bold="true" box="[189,441,1127,1154]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Conservation status:</emphasis>
We assessed the conservation status of 
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD3FFA9FC476548E5D02B9F" authorityName="J. F. C Oliveira &amp; L. P. Queiroz" authorityYear="2024" box="[920,1203,1127,1153]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oppositifolia">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FC476548E5D02B9F" box="[920,1203,1127,1153]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Paypayrola oppositifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as Endangered (EN) according to 
<bibRefCitation id="BE3624E4FFD3FFA9FEC665A3E0CC2BB8" author="IUCN" box="[281,431,1164,1190]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" refId="ref5843" refString="IUCN (2022) Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List categories and criteria. Version 12. Standards and Petitions Subcommittee of the IUCN Species Survival Commission. Published at http: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf (accessed 26 November 2023)" type="book" year="2022">IUCN (2022)</bibRefCitation>
criteria B1ab(iii) + B2ab(iii), as it presents an EOO 
<quantity id="1D5FF4F0FFD3FFA9FC2A65A3E5332BB6" box="[1013,1104,1164,1192]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.42" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" unit="km" value="84.2">84.2 km</quantity>
² and an AOO 
<quantity id="1D5FF4F0FFD3FFA9FB3065A3E45A2BB6" box="[1263,1337,1164,1192]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
². The new species has a restricted occurrence to campinaranas regions on sandy soil, with records only for the municipalities of Coari, São Gabriel da Cachoeira, and Tefé in the state of 
<collectingRegion id="186397F7FFD3FFA9FCDA65FBE21C2BF0" box="[773,895,1236,1262]" country="Venezuela" name="Amazonas" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DA185915FFD3FFA9FF6265D8E50A2A2B" blockId="2.[136,1452,263,1982]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FF6265D8E0292A0F" bold="true" box="[189,330,1271,1297]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Etimologia:</emphasis>
The specific epithet ‘oppositifolia’ refers to the exclusively opposite phyllotaxy, a unique characteristic within the genus, which typically has species with alternate or rarely subopposite leaves.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DA185915FFD3FFA9FF626410E3A92980" blockId="2.[136,1452,263,1982]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
<materialsCitation id="6ACF5348FFD3FFA9FF626410E2682AF4" collectingDate="1987-11-17" collectingDateMax="2004-10-27" collectingDateMin="1987-11-17" collectionCode="DICLA, M, N, C, L, B, MG, H, HUEFS, INPA, RB" collectorName="Bastos &amp; Lobato &amp; Ipanure &amp; Urubuquara. Caatinga &amp; Lima" country="Brazil" county="Rio Uaupes" latitude="-4.8840556" location="Amazonas" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-65.23072" municipality="Sao Gabriel da Cachoeira" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="2">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FF626410E3B02A47" bold="true" box="[189,723,1343,1369]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
<typeStatus id="051CE7B7FFD3FFA9FF626410E35A2A47" box="[189,569,1343,1369]" isOtherTypeStatus="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Additional specimens examined</typeStatus>
(
<typeStatus id="051CE7B7FFD3FFA9FD966410E3A52A47" box="[585,710,1343,1369]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
):
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="A2B01985FFD3FFA9FD046410E2472A47" box="[731,804,1343,1369]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Brazil</collectingCountry>
: 
<location id="DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FCF1646FE2CA2A44" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:520EE803FFD0FFAEFF57679BE4E32B59:DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FCF1646FE2CA2A44" box="[814,937,1344,1370]" country="Brazil" county="Rio Uaupes" latitude="-4.8840556" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-65.23072" municipality="Sao Gabriel da Cachoeira" name="Amazonas" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Amazonas</location>
: 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FC6B6410E29B2A47" bold="true" box="[948,1016,1343,1369]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
<location id="DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FC6B6410E29B2A47" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:520EE803FFD0FFAEFF57679BE4E32B59:DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FC6B6410E29B2A47" box="[948,1016,1343,1369]" country="Brazil" county="Rio Uaupes" latitude="-4.8840556" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-65.23072" municipality="Sao Gabriel da Cachoeira" name="Coari" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Coari</location>
</emphasis>
, 
<location id="DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FBD8646FE55E2A44" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:520EE803FFD0FFAEFF57679BE4E32B59:DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FBD8646FE55E2A44" box="[1031,1085,1344,1370]" country="Brazil" county="Rio Uaupes" latitude="-4.8840556" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-65.23072" municipality="Sao Gabriel da Cachoeira" name="Base" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Base</location>
de operações 
<location id="DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FB006410E1B52A60" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:520EE803FFD0FFAEFF57679BE4E32B59:DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FB006410E1B52A60" country="Brazil" county="Rio Uaupes" latitude="-4.8840556" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-65.23072" municipality="Sao Gabriel da Cachoeira" name="Geologo Pedro de Moura" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Geólogo Pedro de Moura</location>
, 
<location id="DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FF3C644CE0D12A63" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:520EE803FFD0FFAEFF57679BE4E32B59:DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FF3C644CE0D12A63" box="[227,434,1379,1406]" country="Brazil" county="Rio Uaupes" latitude="-4.8840556" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-65.23072" municipality="Sao Gabriel da Cachoeira" name="rio Urucu. Projeto" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">rio Urucu. Projeto</location>
CTPetro— 
<location id="DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FDE8644CE3C72A63" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:520EE803FFD0FFAEFF57679BE4E32B59:DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FDE8644CE3C72A63" box="[567,676,1379,1405]" country="Brazil" county="Rio Uaupes" latitude="-4.8840556" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-65.23072" municipality="Sao Gabriel da Cachoeira" name="Dinamica" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Dinâmica</location>
de clareiras (
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FC9F644BE2FA2A60" box="[832,921,1380,1406]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">DICLA</collectionCode>
) 
<location id="DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FC75644BE2872A60" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:520EE803FFD0FFAEFF57679BE4E32B59:DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FC75644BE2872A60" box="[938,996,1380,1406]" country="Brazil" county="Rio Uaupes" latitude="-4.8840556" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-65.23072" municipality="Sao Gabriel da Cachoeira" name="Mata" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Mata</location>
de terra firme CI-P3-46. 
<geoCoordinate id="BF933FD2FFD3FFA9FAD4644CE4C42A60" box="[1291,1447,1379,1406]" degrees="04" direction="south" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" precision="1" seconds="02,6" value="-4.8840556">04°53’02,6”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="BF933FD2FFD3FFA9FF5764A8E04F2ABC" box="[136,300,1415,1442]" degrees="65" direction="west" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" precision="1" seconds="50,6" value="-65.23072">65°13’50,6”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="AE197FD5FFD3FFA9FEEA64A7E08F2ABC" box="[309,492,1415,1442]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" value="2004-10-27">
<collectingDate id="BE5D863DFFD3FFA9FEEA64A7E08F2ABC" box="[309,492,1415,1442]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" value="2004-10-27">27 October 2004</collectingDate>
</date>
[fl.], 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FDF864A7E2DB2ABC" box="[551,952,1415,1442]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FDF864A7E3212ABC" box="[551,578,1416,1442]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FD9A64A7E3382ABC" box="[581,603,1416,1442]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13092" name="Nanjing University" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">N</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FD8064A7E3112ABC" box="[607,626,1416,1442]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="77523CC3FFD3FFA9FDA964A7E3A22ABF" box="[630,705,1416,1441]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Bastos</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FD0064A7E3912ABC" box="[735,754,1416,1442]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FD2964A7E2682ABC" box="[758,779,1416,1442]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FCD064A7E2402ABC" box="[783,803,1416,1442]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="77523CC3FFD3FFA9FCF364A8E2182ABF" box="[812,891,1415,1441]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Lobato</collectorName>
2481
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FC1A64A8E29A2ABC" box="[965,1017,1415,1442]" country="China" name="Museum of Zoology" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">MG</collectionCode>
[180805]!). 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FBA864A8E4C72ABF" bold="true" box="[1143,1444,1415,1442]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
<collectingMunicipality id="3A7CC36FFFD3FFA9FBA864A8E4C72ABF" box="[1143,1444,1415,1442]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">São Gabriel da Cachoeira</collectingMunicipality>
</emphasis>
, 
<collectingCounty id="33792199FFD3FFA9FF576484E06C2AD8" box="[136,271,1451,1478]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Rio Uaupés</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectorName id="77523CC3FFD3FFA9FEC56483E0112AD8" box="[282,370,1452,1478]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Ipanuré</collectorName>
, estrada para 
<collectorName id="77523CC3FFD3FFA9FDD26484E2662ADB" box="[525,773,1451,1477]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Urubuquara. Caatinga</collectorName>
alta sobre solo arenoso, 
<date id="AE197FD5FFD3FFA9FBC36483E5962AD8" box="[1052,1269,1451,1478]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" value="1987-11-17">
<collectingDate id="BE5D863DFFD3FFA9FBC36483E5962AD8" box="[1052,1269,1451,1478]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" value="1987-11-17">17 November 1987</collectingDate>
</date>
[fl.], 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FAEA6483E1A32AF4" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FAEA6483E42D2AD8" box="[1333,1358,1452,1478]" country="Finland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15618" name="University of Helsinki" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">H</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FA8D6483E4052AD8" box="[1362,1382,1452,1478]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="77523CC3FFD3FFA9FAAD6483E4CF2ADB" box="[1394,1452,1452,1477]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Lima</collectorName>
3207
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FF0E64E0E0512AF7" box="[209,306,1487,1513]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" name="Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">HUEFS</collectionCode>
[263611]!, 
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FE7464E0E0902AF4" box="[427,499,1487,1514]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">INPA</collectionCode>
[181580]!, 
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FDB564FFE3F02AF4" box="[618,659,1488,1514]" country="Brazil" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15528" name="Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">RB</collectionCode>
[427148]!)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="6ACF5348FFD3FFA9FCC564E0E0CB2910" collectingDate="1947-11-08" collectionCode="J, IAN" collectorName="Murca-Pires" country="Brazil" location="Rio Uaupes" municipality="Taraqua" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="1">
<location id="DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FCC564E0E2C12AF4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:520EE803FFD0FFAEFF57679BE4E32B59:DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FCC564E0E2C12AF4" box="[794,930,1487,1514]" country="Brazil" municipality="Taraqua" name="Rio Uaupes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Rio Uaupés</location>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="3A7CC36FFFD3FFA9FC7064FFE56F2AF4" box="[943,1036,1488,1514]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Taraquá</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<date id="AE197FD5FFD3FFA9FBC664FFE5952AF4" box="[1049,1270,1487,1514]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" value="1947-11-08">
<collectingDate id="BE5D863DFFD3FFA9FBC664FFE5952AF4" box="[1049,1270,1487,1514]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" value="1947-11-08">08 November 1947</collectingDate>
</date>
[fl.], 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FAE464FFE1962910" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FAE464FFE4282AF7" box="[1339,1355,1488,1513]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="77523CC3FFD3FFA9FA8864FFE1A12913" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Murça-Pires</collectorName>
917
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FED864DCE0232910" box="[263,320,1523,1550]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15591" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15591" name="Embrapa Amazônia Oriental" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">IAN</collectionCode>
[30365]!)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="6ACF5348FFD3FFA9FE6964DCE4162910" box="[438,1397,1523,1550]" collectingDate="1947-11-08" collectionCode="J, IAN" collectorName="Murca-Pires" country="Brazil" location="Rio Uaupes" municipality="Taraqua" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="1">
<location id="DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FE6964DCE35C2910" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:520EE803FFD0FFAEFF57679BE4E32B59:DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FE6964DCE35C2910" box="[438,575,1523,1550]" country="Brazil" municipality="Taraqua" name="Rio Uaupes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Rio Uaupés</location>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="3A7CC36FFFD3FFA9FD9464DBE3CB2910" box="[587,680,1524,1550]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Taraquá</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<date id="AE197FD5FFD3FFA9FD6A64DBE2F12910" box="[693,914,1523,1550]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" value="1947-11-08">
<collectingDate id="BE5D863DFFD3FFA9FD6A64DBE2F12910" box="[693,914,1523,1550]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" value="1947-11-08">08 November 1947</collectingDate>
</date>
[fl.], 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FC0964DBE5A12910" box="[982,1218,1524,1550]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FC0964DBE2852913" box="[982,998,1524,1549]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="77523CC3FFD3FFA9FC2C64DBE5E22910" box="[1011,1153,1524,1550]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Murça-Pires</collectorName>
1914
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FB0B64DCE46E2910" box="[1236,1293,1523,1550]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15591" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15591" name="Embrapa Amazônia Oriental" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">IAN</collectionCode>
[50089]!)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="6ACF5348FFD3FFA9FA5C64DCE289292C" collectingDate="1947-11-10" collectionCode="J, IAN" collectorName="Murca-Pires" country="Brazil" location="Rio Uaupes" municipality="Taraqua" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="1">
<location id="DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FA5C64DCE1BC292C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:520EE803FFD0FFAEFF57679BE4E32B59:DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FA5C64DCE1BC292C" country="Brazil" municipality="Taraqua" name="Rio Uaupes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Rio Uaupés</location>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="3A7CC36FFFD3FFA9FF366737E025292C" box="[233,326,1560,1586]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Taraquá</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<date id="AE197FD5FFD3FFA9FE906737E345292C" box="[335,550,1559,1586]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" value="1947-11-10">
<collectingDate id="BE5D863DFFD3FFA9FE906737E345292C" box="[335,550,1559,1586]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" value="1947-11-10">10 November 1947</collectingDate>
</date>
[fl.], 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FDBC6737E258292F" box="[611,827,1559,1586]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FDBC6737E310292F" box="[611,627,1560,1585]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="77523CC3FFD3FFA9FDA26737E268292C" box="[637,779,1560,1586]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Murça-Pires</collectorName>
986
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FC966737E2E1292C" box="[841,898,1560,1586]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15591" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15591" name="Embrapa Amazônia Oriental" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">IAN</collectionCode>
[30420]!)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="6ACF5348FFD3FFA9FC2A6738E2DB2948" collectingDate="1947-11-10" collectionCode="J, IAN" collectorName="Murca-Pires" country="Brazil" location="Rio Uaupes" municipality="Taraqua" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="1">
<location id="DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FC2A6738E519292C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:520EE803FFD0FFAEFF57679BE4E32B59:DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FC2A6738E519292C" box="[1013,1146,1559,1586]" country="Brazil" municipality="Taraqua" name="Rio Uaupes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Rio Uaupés</location>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="3A7CC36FFFD3FFA9FB5B6737E582292C" box="[1156,1249,1560,1586]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Taraquá</collectingMunicipality>
, caatinga próxima à serra, 
<date id="AE197FD5FFD3FFA9FF3D6713E0DF2948" box="[226,444,1595,1622]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" value="1947-11-10">
<collectingDate id="BE5D863DFFD3FFA9FF3D6713E0DF2948" box="[226,444,1595,1622]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" value="1947-11-10">10 November 1947</collectingDate>
</date>
[fl.,fr.], 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FDC26713E2642948" box="[541,775,1596,1622]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FDC26713E34E294B" box="[541,557,1596,1621]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="77523CC3FFD3FFA9FDE66713E3A42948" box="[569,711,1596,1622]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Murça-Pires</collectorName>
1005
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FCC76713E2322948" box="[792,849,1596,1622]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15591" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15591" name="Embrapa Amazônia Oriental" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">IAN</collectionCode>
[30437]!)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="6ACF5348FFD3FFA9FC1A6713E3A52980" collectingDate="1952-09-21" collectingDateMax="1991-07-16" collectingDateMin="1952-09-21" collectionCode="R, L, G, IAN, A, S, INPA" collectorName="Froes &amp; Addison &amp; Tavares" country="Brazil" county="Porto Urucu" location="Sao Felipe" municipality="Estrada do Luc" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="1">
<location id="DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FC1A6713E522294B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:520EE803FFD0FFAEFF57679BE4E32B59:DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FC1A6713E522294B" box="[965,1089,1595,1622]" country="Brazil" county="Porto Urucu" municipality="Estrada do Luc" name="Sao Felipe" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">São Felipe</location>
, 
<location id="DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FB926714E5DF2948" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:520EE803FFD0FFAEFF57679BE4E32B59:DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FB926714E5DF2948" box="[1101,1212,1595,1622]" country="Brazil" county="Porto Urucu" municipality="Estrada do Luc" name="Rio Icana" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Rio Içana</location>
, mata de caatinga 
<date id="AE197FD5FFD3FFA9FA506713E05C2964" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" value="1952-09-21">
<collectingDate id="BE5D863DFFD3FFA9FA506713E05C2964" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" value="1952-09-21">21 September 1952</collectingDate>
</date>
[fl.], 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FE5F674FE38B2967" box="[384,744,1631,1658]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FE5F674FE0F72967" box="[384,404,1632,1657]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">R</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FE47674FE0C82967" box="[408,427,1632,1657]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="77523CC3FFD3FFA9FE69674FE0942964" box="[438,503,1632,1658]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Fróes</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FDC3674FE3502964" box="[540,563,1632,1658]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="77523CC3FFD3FFA9FDE16770E3F92967" box="[574,666,1631,1657]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Addison</collectorName>
28654
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FD28674FE2532964" box="[759,816,1632,1658]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15591" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15591" name="Embrapa Amazônia Oriental" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">IAN</collectionCode>
[78243]!). 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FC7B6770E2B52964" bold="true" box="[932,982,1631,1658]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
<location id="DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FC7B6770E2B52964" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:520EE803FFD0FFAEFF57679BE4E32B59:DF780FCEFFD3FFA9FC7B6770E2B52964" box="[932,982,1631,1658]" country="Brazil" county="Porto Urucu" municipality="Estrada do Luc" name="Tefe" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Tefé</location>
</emphasis>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="3A7CC36FFFD3FFA9FC3A6770E5F32964" box="[997,1168,1631,1658]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Estrada do Luc</collectingMunicipality>
3— 
<collectingCounty id="33792199FFD3FFA9FB60674FE42D2964" box="[1215,1358,1632,1658]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Porto Urucú</collectingCounty>
, 
<date id="AE197FD5FFD3FFA9FA866770E1A32980" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" value="1991-07-16">
<collectingDate id="BE5D863DFFD3FFA9FA866770E1A32980" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" value="1991-07-16">16 July 1991</collectingDate>
</date>
[fl.], 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FEDF67ABE0982980" box="[256,507,1667,1694]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FEDF67ABE0762980" box="[256,277,1668,1694]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FEC767ABE04A2980" box="[280,297,1668,1694]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="77523CC3FFD3FFA9FEEB67ABE0E82983" box="[308,395,1668,1693]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Tavares</collectorName>
et al. 422
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="BCB6C1D0FFD3FFA9FDD567ABE3372980" box="[522,596,1668,1694]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">INPA</collectionCode>
[198718]!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DA185915FFD3FFA9FF626787E3CE28A0" blockId="2.[136,1452,263,1982]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FF626787E06A29DC" bold="true" box="[189,265,1704,1730]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Notes:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD3FFA9FECC6788E34F29DF" authorityName="J. F. C Oliveira &amp; L. P. Queiroz" authorityYear="2024" box="[275,556,1703,1729]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oppositifolia">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FECC6788E34F29DF" box="[275,556,1703,1729]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Paypayrola oppositifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is unique within the genus for having opposite leaves (
<tableCitation id="97256CAEFFD3FFA9FB716788E46029DC" box="[1198,1283,1703,1730]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[137,229,159,183]" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological comparison between P. oppositifolia and P. pubiflora with morphologically similar Amazonian species." pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Table 1</tableCitation>
) (vs. alternate or less frequently subopposite leaves in other species of the genus) and branches with thick, horizontally striated bark (vs. smooth to vertically striated bark in other species of the genus). Along with 
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD3FFA9FB9567DFE5AE2817" authorityName="Aymard &amp; G. A. Romero" authorityYear="2014" box="[1098,1229,1776,1801]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arenacea">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FB9567DFE5AE2817" box="[1098,1229,1776,1801]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">P. arenacea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD3FFA9FADB67DFE4EB2817" authorityName="J. F. C. Oliveira &amp; L. P. Queiroz" authorityYear="2024" box="[1284,1416,1775,1801]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pubiflora">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FADB67DFE4EB2817" box="[1284,1416,1775,1801]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">P. pubiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD3FFA9FA4867DFE0752833" authorityName="J. F. C Oliveira &amp; L. P. Queiroz" authorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oppositifolia">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FA4867DFE0752833" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">P. oppositifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shares the occurrence in sandy soil regions and the white corolla color, turning color when dry. However, 
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD3FFA9FF576617E052284F" authorityName="J. F. C Oliveira &amp; L. P. Queiroz" authorityYear="2024" box="[136,305,1847,1873]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oppositifolia">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FF576617E052284F" box="[136,305,1847,1873]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">P. oppositifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be additionally distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD3FFA9FD386617E20A284F" authorityName="Aymard &amp; G. A. Romero" authorityYear="2014" box="[743,873,1848,1873]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arenacea">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FD386617E20A284F" box="[743,873,1848,1873]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">P. arenacea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having large leaves (13) 15–25 (39) cm long (vs. leaves 
<quantity id="1D5FF4F0FFD3FFA9FF0A6673E04B2868" box="[213,296,1884,1910]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" unit="cm" value="5.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="3.0">3–8 cm</quantity>
long) and petals with entirely glabrous margins or ciliate only at the base (vs. petals with ciliate apex), and from 
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD3FFA9FF2A66AFE01A2887" authorityName="J. F. C. Oliveira &amp; L. P. Queiroz" authorityYear="2024" box="[245,377,1919,1945]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pubiflora">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD3FFA9FF2A66AFE01A2887" box="[245,377,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">P. pubiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in externally glabrous petals (vs. petals pubescent at the base or entirely pubescent on the outer part) and a glabrous ovary (vs. pubescent ovary).
</paragraph>
<caption id="8ED8099DFFD2FFA8FF57668EE5C528E0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14518661" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14518661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14518661/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" startId="3.[136,234,1953,1975]" targetBox="[217,1384,197,1928]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="DA185915FFD2FFA8FF57668EE5C528E0" blockId="3.[136,1452,1953,2047]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD2FFA8FF57668EE06628A8" bold="true" box="[136,261,1953,1975]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD2FFA8FED2668EE09D28A8" authorityName="J. F. C Oliveira &amp; L. P. Queiroz" authorityYear="2024" box="[269,510,1953,1974]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oppositifolia">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD2FFA8FED2668EE09D28A8" box="[269,510,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Paypayrola oppositifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD2FFA8FDD2668EE34628A8" bold="true" box="[525,549,1953,1974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">A.</emphasis>
Flowering branch. 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD2FFA8FD37668EE39D28A8" bold="true" box="[744,766,1953,1974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">B.</emphasis>
Branch detail (thick and horizontally striated). 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD2FFA8FB08668EE58C28A9" bold="true" box="[1239,1263,1953,1975]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">C.</emphasis>
Inflorescence with congested flowers on the rachis. 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD2FFA8FE1766EAE08328C4" bold="true" box="[456,480,1989,2010]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">D.</emphasis>
Petals. 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD2FFA8FDF266EAE32028C4" bold="true" box="[557,579,1989,2010]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">E.</emphasis>
Flower bud. 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD2FFA8FD1966EAE3BB28C4" bold="true" box="[710,728,1989,2010]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">F.</emphasis>
Stamens, adaxial views. 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD2FFA8FC1066EAE28B28C5" bold="true" box="[975,1000,1989,2011]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">G.</emphasis>
Gynoecium, sepals, and persistent pedicel. 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD2FFA8FA4C66EAE4CF28C4" bold="true" box="[1427,1452,1989,2010]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">H.</emphasis>
Fruit. 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD2FFA8FF1C66C6E1B128E0" bold="true" box="[195,210,2025,2046]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">I.</emphasis>
Seed. 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD2FFA8FECC66C6E02028E1" bold="true" box="[275,323,2025,2047]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">A–G</emphasis>
from 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD2FFA8FEA266C5E34628E0" box="[381,549,2025,2047]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">R.L. Fróes 27944</emphasis>
; 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD2FFA8FDED66C6E33928E0" bold="true" box="[562,602,2025,2046]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">H–I</emphasis>
from 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD2FFA8FD4A66C5E23828E0" box="[661,859,2025,2047]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">J. Murça-Pires 1005</emphasis>
. Drawn by Pétala Ribeiro Gomes.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="8ED8099DFFD5FFAFFF57668EE1B028E0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14518663" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14518663" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14518663/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="40" startId="4.[136,234,1953,1975]" targetBox="[206,1383,191,1920]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="DA185915FFD5FFAFFF57668EE1B028E0" blockId="4.[136,1451,1953,2046]" pageId="4" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD5FFAFFF57668EE06028A8" bold="true" box="[136,259,1953,1975]" pageId="4" pageNumber="40">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD5FFAFFED6668EE0B428A8" authorityName="J. F. C. Oliveira &amp; L. P. Queiroz" authorityYear="2024" box="[265,471,1953,1974]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pubiflora">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD5FFAFFED6668EE0B428A8" box="[265,471,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="40">Paypayrola pubiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD5FFAFFE3B668EE09F28A8" bold="true" box="[484,508,1953,1974]" pageId="4" pageNumber="40">A.</emphasis>
Flowering branch. 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD5FFAFFD67668EE3AD28A8" bold="true" box="[696,718,1953,1974]" pageId="4" pageNumber="40">B.</emphasis>
Inflorescence. 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD5FFAFFCBD668EE21A28A9" bold="true" box="[866,889,1953,1975]" pageId="4" pageNumber="40">C.</emphasis>
Flower bud. 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD5FFAFFC25668EE54F28A8" bold="true" box="[1018,1068,1953,1974]" pageId="4" pageNumber="40">D–E.</emphasis>
Flower in anthesis. 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD5FFAFFB2F668EE46128A8" bold="true" box="[1264,1282,1953,1974]" pageId="4" pageNumber="40">F.</emphasis>
Stamens, adaxial views. 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD5FFAFFF1066EAE18B28C5" bold="true" box="[207,232,1989,2011]" pageId="4" pageNumber="40">G.</emphasis>
Gynoecium. 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD5FFAFFEAF66EAE0EA28C4" bold="true" box="[368,393,1989,2010]" pageId="4" pageNumber="40">H.</emphasis>
Fruit. 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD5FFAFFE1066EAE0BD28C4" bold="true" box="[463,478,1989,2010]" pageId="4" pageNumber="40">I.</emphasis>
Seed. 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD5FFAFFDFA66EAE33628C5" bold="true" box="[549,597,1989,2011]" pageId="4" pageNumber="40">A–G</emphasis>
from 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD5FFAFFD4966E9E21C28C4" box="[662,895,1989,2011]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="40">P.J.M. Maas et al 6915</emphasis>
; 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD5FFAFFC5066EAE2D428C4" bold="true" box="[911,951,1989,2010]" pageId="4" pageNumber="40">H–I</emphasis>
from 
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD5FFAFFC2866E9E5C628C4" box="[1015,1189,1989,2011]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="40">R.L. Fróes 22165</emphasis>
. Drawn by Pétala Ribeiro Gomes.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="8ED8099DFFD4FFAEFF5661B0E0042FC5" pageId="5" pageNumber="41" startId="5.[137,229,159,183]" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="DA185915FFD4FFAEFF5661B0E0042FC5" blockId="5.[136,1451,159,219]" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD4FFAEFF5661B0E0642FA9" bold="true" box="[137,263,159,183]" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Morphological comparison between 
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD4FFAEFD19618FE2152FA9" authorityName="J. F. C Oliveira &amp; L. P. Queiroz" authorityYear="2024" box="[710,886,159,183]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oppositifolia">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD4FFAEFD19618FE2152FA9" box="[710,886,159,183]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">P. oppositifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD4FFAEFC62618FE52B2FA9" authorityName="J. F. C. Oliveira &amp; L. P. Queiroz" authorityYear="2024" box="[957,1096,159,183]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pubiflora">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD4FFAEFC62618FE52B2FA9" box="[957,1096,159,183]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">P. pubiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with morphologically similar Amazonian species.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="DA185915FFD4FFAEFEAB61DBE4282C7C" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">
<table id="A8A7ABB5FFD40054FF4F61DCE4EB2C7C" box="[144,1416,243,866]" gridcols="6" gridrows="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">
<tr id="64975B57FFD40054FF4F61DCE4EB2E17" box="[144,1416,243,265]" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="41" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="2746322BFFD40054FEAB61DCE3552E17" box="[372,566,243,265]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD4FFAEFEAB61DBE0842E17" authorityName="Aymard &amp; G. A. Romero" authorityYear="2014" box="[372,487,244,265]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arenacea">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD4FFAEFEAB61DBE0842E17" bold="true" box="[372,487,244,265]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">P. arenacea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="2746322BFFD40054FD8D61DCE2782E17" box="[594,795,243,265]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD4FFAEFD8D61DBE3B72E16" authorityName="Aublet" authorityYear="1775" box="[594,724,243,265]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guianensis">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD4FFAEFD8D61DBE3B72E16" bold="true" box="[594,724,243,265]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">P. guianensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="2746322BFFD40054FCED61DCE2BD2E17" box="[818,990,243,265]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD4FFAEFCED61DBE2C92E17" authorityName="Tulasne" authorityYear="1847" box="[818,938,243,265]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longifolia">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD4FFAEFCED61DBE2C92E17" bold="true" box="[818,938,243,265]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">P. longifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="2746322BFFD40054FBD861DCE5A12E17" box="[1031,1218,243,265]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD4FFAEFBD861DBE5F92E17" authorityName="J. F. C Oliveira &amp; L. P. Queiroz" authorityYear="2024" box="[1031,1178,243,265]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oppositifolia">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD4FFAEFBD861DBE5F92E17" bold="true" box="[1031,1178,243,265]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">P. oppositifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="2746322BFFD40054FB3561DCE4EB2E17" box="[1258,1416,243,265]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD4FFAEFB3561DBE43E2E17" authority="Rytidome Thin" authorityName="Rytidome Thin" box="[1258,1373,243,265]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pubiflora">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD4FFAEFB3561DBE43E2E17" bold="true" box="[1258,1373,243,265]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">P. pubiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="64975B57FFD40054FF4F6001E4EB2E76" box="[144,1416,302,360]" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">
<th id="2746322BFFD40054FF4F6001E0212E76" box="[144,322,302,360]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD4FFAEFF4F606FE1902E48" bold="true" box="[144,243,320,342]" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Rytidome</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FEAB6001E3552E76" box="[372,566,302,360]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Thin, smooth to vertically striate</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FD8D6001E2782E76" box="[594,795,302,360]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Thin, smooth to vertically striate</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FCED6001E2BD2E76" box="[818,990,302,360]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Thin, smooth to vertically striate</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FBD86001E5A12E76" box="[1031,1218,302,360]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Thick, smooth to horizontally striate</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FB356001E4EB2E76" box="[1258,1416,302,360]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Thin, smooth to vertically striate</td>
</tr>
<tr id="64975B57FFD40054FF4F60BFE4EB2EB8" box="[144,1416,400,422]" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">
<th id="2746322BFFD40054FF4F60BFE0212EB8" box="[144,322,400,422]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD4FFAEFF4F60BFE19E2EBB" bold="true" box="[144,253,400,421]" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Phyllotaxy</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FEAB60BFE3552EB8" box="[372,566,400,422]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Alternate</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FD8D60BFE2782EB8" box="[594,795,400,422]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Alternate</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FCED60BFE2BD2EB8" box="[818,990,400,422]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Alternate</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FBD860BFE5A12EB8" box="[1031,1218,400,422]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Opposite</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FB3560BFE4EB2EB8" box="[1258,1416,400,422]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Alternate</td>
</tr>
<tr id="64975B57FFD40054FF4F60E1E4EB2EFA" box="[144,1416,462,484]" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">
<th id="2746322BFFD40054FF4F60E1E0212EFA" box="[144,322,462,484]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD4FFAEFF4F60E1E0212EFD" bold="true" box="[144,322,462,484]" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Leaf blade length</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FEAB60E1E3552EFA" box="[372,566,462,484]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">3–8 cm</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FD8D60E1E2782EFA" box="[594,795,462,484]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">13–27 cm</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FCED60E1E2BD2EFA" box="[818,990,462,484]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">18–30 cm</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FBD860E1E5A12EFA" box="[1031,1218,462,484]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">(13) 15–25 (39) cm</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FB3560E1E4EB2EFA" box="[1258,1416,462,484]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">18–34 cm</td>
</tr>
<tr id="64975B57FFD40054FF4F6323E4EB2D58" box="[144,1416,524,582]" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">
<th id="2746322BFFD40054FF4F6323E0212D58" box="[144,322,524,582]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD4FFAEFF4F6331E0522D2A" bold="true" box="[144,305,542,564]" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Sepal indument</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FEAB6323E3552D58" box="[372,566,524,582]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Glabrous</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FD8D6323E2782D58" box="[594,795,524,582]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Glabrous, rarely pubescent</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FCED6323E2BD2D58" box="[818,990,524,582]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Glabrous</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FBD86323E5A12D58" box="[1031,1218,524,582]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Glabrous</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FB356323E4EB2D58" box="[1258,1416,524,582]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Pubescent</td>
</tr>
<tr id="64975B57FFD40054FF4F6341E4EB2D9A" box="[144,1416,622,644]" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">
<th id="2746322BFFD40054FF4F6341E0212D9A" box="[144,322,622,644]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD4FFAEFF4F6341E19D2D9D" bold="true" box="[144,254,622,643]" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Petal color</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FEAB6341E3552D9A" box="[372,566,622,644]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">White</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FD8D6341E2782D9A" box="[594,795,622,644]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Yellow</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FCED6341E2BD2D9A" box="[818,990,622,644]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Yellow</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FBD86341E5A12D9A" box="[1031,1218,622,644]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">White</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FB356341E4EB2D9A" box="[1258,1416,622,644]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">White</td>
</tr>
<tr id="64975B57FFD40054FF4F6383E4EB2DDC" box="[144,1416,684,706]" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">
<th id="2746322BFFD40054FF4F6383E0212DDC" box="[144,322,684,706]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD4FFAEFF4F6383E04E2DDC" bold="true" box="[144,301,684,706]" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Petal indument</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FEAB6383E3552DDC" box="[372,566,684,706]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Glabrous</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FD8D6383E2782DDC" box="[594,795,684,706]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Glabrous</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FCED6383E2BD2DDC" box="[818,990,684,706]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Glabrous</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FBD86383E5A12DDC" box="[1031,1218,684,706]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Glabrous</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FB356383E4EB2DDC" box="[1258,1416,684,706]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Pubescent</td>
</tr>
<tr id="64975B57FFD40054FF4F63C5E4EB2C1E" box="[144,1416,746,768]" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">
<th id="2746322BFFD40054FF4F63C5E0212C1E" box="[144,322,746,768]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD4FFAEFF4F63C5E0592C1E" bold="true" box="[144,314,746,768]" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Ovary indument</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FEAB63C5E3552C1E" box="[372,566,746,768]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Glabrous</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FD8D63C5E2782C1E" box="[594,795,746,768]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Glabrous</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FCED63C5E2BD2C1E" box="[818,990,746,768]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Glabrous</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FBD863C5E5A12C1E" box="[1031,1218,746,768]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Glabrous</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FB3563C5E4EB2C1E" box="[1258,1416,746,768]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Pubescent</td>
</tr>
<tr id="64975B57FFD40054FF4F6207E4EB2C7C" box="[144,1416,808,866]" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">
<th id="2746322BFFD40054FF4F6207E0212C7C" box="[144,322,808,866]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD4FFAEFF4F6215E1BC2C4E" bold="true" box="[144,223,826,848]" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Habitat</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FEAB6207E3552C7C" box="[372,566,808,866]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Amazonian savanna on sandy soil</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FD8D6207E2782C7C" box="[594,795,808,866]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Amazonian forest on clayey soil</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FCED6207E2BD2C7C" box="[818,990,808,866]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Amazonian forest on clayey soil</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FBD86207E5A12C7C" box="[1031,1218,808,866]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Campinarana on sandy soil</td>
<td id="2746322BFFD40054FB356207E4EB2C7C" box="[1258,1416,808,866]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Campinarana on sandy soil</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DA185915FFD4FFAEFF6262B2E4E32B59" blockId="5.[136,1451,925,1096]" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">
Among the species occurring in the Brazilian Amazon, 
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD4FFAEFCE562B2E5302CA9" authorityName="J. F. C Oliveira &amp; L. P. Queiroz" authorityYear="2024" box="[826,1107,925,951]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oppositifolia">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD4FFAEFCE562B2E5302CA9" box="[826,1107,925,951]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">Paypayrola oppositifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shares with 
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD4FFAEFB3A62B1E4192CA9" authorityName="Aublet" authorityYear="1775" box="[1253,1402,926,951]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guianensis">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD4FFAEFB3A62B1E4192CA9" box="[1253,1402,926,951]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">P. guianensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD4FFAEFF5762EDE0452CC5" authorityName="Aublet" authorityYear="1775" box="[136,294,961,987]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflora">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD4FFAEFF5762EDE0452CC5" box="[136,294,961,987]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">P. grandiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a similar leaf blade shape and size. However, it differs from both species by predominantly occurring in sandy soil (vs. predominance in clayey soil in 
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD4FFAEFD0862C9E2132CE1" authorityName="Aublet" authorityYear="1775" box="[727,880,998,1023]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guianensis">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD4FFAEFD0862C9E2132CE1" box="[727,880,998,1023]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">P. guianensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="1DA72296FFD4FFAEFC6F62C9E5322CE1" authorityName="Aublet" authorityYear="1775" box="[944,1105,997,1023]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Paypayrola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflora">
<emphasis id="E8D38507FFD4FFAEFC6F62C9E5322CE1" box="[944,1105,997,1023]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="41">P. grandiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), having opposite leaves (vs. alternate leaves rarely subopposite in both species), a pseudoraceme with densely congested flowers on the rachis (vs. pseudoraceme with lax flowers on the rachis in both species), and white petals (vs. yellow petals in both species).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>