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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8fe0041e-40a6-4fd0-a674-948f3f919703" ID-PMC="PMC8159918" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1039-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FA2622A854585C59A7E8182A4E66C6DF" ID-PubMed="34084064" ID-ZooBank="3487C3570FAC4907A5C0C0A0C801C6E3" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1039-1" checkinTime="1621541808324" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lee, Chi-Feng &amp; Bezdek, Jan" docDate="2021" docId="51B26CF8688E544BBECB422E3CD49B1C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1039: 1-108" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1039" docPubDate="2021-05-20" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740" docTitle="Pyrrhalta wulaiensis Lee &amp; Bezděk 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="ECCE0D20-4E5F-4CC3-B17B-24BBE0BAF34F" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="FA2622A854585C59A7E8182A4E66C6DF" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="FA2622A854585C59A7E8182A4E66C6DF" masterDocTitle="Revision of the genera Xanthogaleruca Laboissiere, 1932 and Pyrrhalta Joannis, 1865 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae) of Taiwan, with type designation of Galerucella lineatipes Takei" masterLastPageNumber="108" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668152740594" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Revision of the genera Xanthogaleruca Laboissiere, 1932 and Pyrrhalta Joannis, 1865 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae) of Taiwan, with type designation of Galerucella lineatipes Takei</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lee, Chi-Feng</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1996-0557</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Applied Zoology Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Taichung 413, Taiwan</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">chifeng@tari.gov.tw</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Bezdek, Jan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4358-7211</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Mendel University in Brno, Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Zemĕdĕlska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-05-20</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1039</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>108</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1039-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">3487C3570FAC4907A5C0C0A0C801C6E3</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FA2622A854585C59A7E8182A4E66C6DF</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182248285" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:ECCE0D20-4E5F-4CC3-B17B-24BBE0BAF34F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/51B26CF8688E544BBECB422E3CD49B1C" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/ECCE0D20-4E5F-4CC3-B17B-24BBE0BAF34F" authority="Lee &amp; Bezděk, 2021" authorityName="Lee &amp; Bezděk" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pyrrhalta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrrhalta wulaiensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wulaiensis" status="sp. nov.">Pyrrhalta wulaiensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Habitus of Pyrrhalta ishiharai Kimoto and P. wulaiensis sp. nov. A P. ishiharai, female, typical form, dorsal view B ditto, ventral view C ditto, lateral view D P. wulaiensis sp. nov., female, dorsal view E ditto, ventral view F ditto, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545564" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 34D-F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta wulaiensis sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545566" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 36</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Field photographs of Pyrrhalta wulaiensis sp. nov. on host plant A egg B third-instar larva C mature larva D pupa E adult F adults: P. wulaiensis sp. nov. (left) and P. ishiharai (right)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545567" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 37A-E</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="types">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Types.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
♂ (TARI), Taiwan. Nantou: Peitungyanshan (北東眼山), 3.VII.2014, leg. F.-S. Huang,
<normalizedToken originalValue="變葉新木薑子">變葉新木薑子</normalizedToken>
(
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Neolitsea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Neolitsea aciculata subsp. var. var. variabillima" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="aciculata" subSpecies="var." variety="variabillima">Neolitsea aciculata (Bl.) Koidz. var. variabillima</taxonomicName>
J.C. Liao)
<normalizedToken originalValue="噴霧">噴霧</normalizedToken>
(fogging).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
1♂ (TARI), same locality as holotype, 3.VII.2014, leg. C.-F. Lee; Ilan: 1♂ (TARI), Fushan (福山), 5.VII.2013, leg. Y.-T. Wang; Miaoli: 1♂ (TARI), Hsuehchien (雪見), 5.III.2013, leg. W.-B. Yeh; Nantou: 1♀ (TARI), Meifeng (梅峰), 28-29.VIII.1981, leg. L. Y. Chou &amp; S. C. Lin; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 15.VII.1982, leg. S. C. Lin &amp; C. N. Lin; 1♀ (NMNS), same locality, 13.VI. -18.VII.2001, leg. C. S. Lin &amp; W. T. Yang, Malaise trap (KCN); 1♂ (NMNS), same but with &quot;15.XI. -19.XII.2001&quot;; 1♀ (NMNS), same but with &quot;5.X. -16.XI.2004&quot;; Taipei: 1♂ (TARI), Fushan (福山) -
<normalizedToken originalValue="烏來">烏來</normalizedToken>
(Wulai), 21.VI.2015, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 1♂ (TARI), Hsinhsien (信賢), 5.VII.2020, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 1♀ (TARI), same but with
<normalizedToken originalValue="“27.VI.2020”">&quot;27.VI.2020&quot;</normalizedToken>
; 1♀ (TARI), Wulai (烏來), 19.VII.2011, leg. M.-H. Tsou.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Smaller species, 3.3-3.7 mm in length. Elytra relatively broad, 1.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than wide; unicolorous, without dark spots; with ridges.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Length 3.3-3.7 mm, width 1.6-1.9 mm. Body color (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Habitus of Pyrrhalta ishiharai Kimoto and P. wulaiensis sp. nov. A P. ishiharai, female, typical form, dorsal view B ditto, ventral view C ditto, lateral view D P. wulaiensis sp. nov., female, dorsal view E ditto, ventral view F ditto, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545564" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">34D-F</figureCitation>
) brown or dark brown; antennae black but antennomeres I-III yellow, IV, and V brown. Eyes large, interocular space 1.75-1.83
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
diameter of eye. Antennae filiform in males (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta wulaiensis sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545566" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36A</figureCitation>
), length ratios of antennomeres I-XI 1.0: 0.5: 0.6: 0.7: 0.6: 0.6: 0.7: 0.6: 0.6: 0.6: 0.9, length to width ratios of antennomeres I-XI 3.2: 2.2: 2.9: 3.0: 2.9: 2.9: 2.5: 2.0: 2.1: 2.0: 2.9; similar in females (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta wulaiensis sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545566" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36B</figureCitation>
), length ratios of antennomeres I-XI 1.0: 0.5: 0.7: 0.7: 0.6: 0.6: 0.7: 0.6: 0.6: 0.6: 0.8, length to width ratios of antennomeres I-XI 3.5: 2.3: 2.9: 2.8: 2.5: 2.2: 2.3: 1.9: 1.8: 1.8: 2.7. Pronotum and elytra convex. Pronotum 1.7-2.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
wider than long, with transverse ridge along apical margin deflexed at antero-lateral angles; disc smooth on ridge, but with reticulate microsculpture below ridge, with extremely dense and coarse punctures, with one short seta at each puncture; with median longitudinal and lateral depressions; lateral margins moderately rounded, widest at apical 1/3, apical and basal margins slightly concave; posterior setiferous punctures slightly erect. Elytra elongate and broad, parallel-sided, 1.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than wide; disc with reticulate microsculpture, and with coarse and sparse punctures, with extremely dense short pubescence, all of pubescence located between punctures; with indistinct, obliquely longitudinal ridges arising from behind humeral calli, with depressions between ridges and suture at apical 1/3 and middle. Apical spur of tibia of middle leg absent and tarsomere I not modified in males. Aedeagus (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta wulaiensis sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545566" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36C, D</figureCitation>
) slender in dorsal view, 5.9
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than wide, sides symmetric, parallel-sided but slightly narrowed at apical 1/4, apex angular; strongly curved near base in lateral view, apex acute; ostium transverse, covered by a membrane; two endophallic sclerite elongate, apex of primary endophallic sclerite with two teeth, 0.4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as aedeagus, secondary sclerite 0.8
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as primary sclerite, apex acute, with one additional tooth at apical 1/4. Only apices of gonocoxae (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta wulaiensis sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545566" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36I</figureCitation>
) sclerotized and transverse, with short, scattered setae. Ventrite VIII (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta wulaiensis sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545566" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36E</figureCitation>
) with only apical area sclerotized; disc with several long setae and dense short setae along apical margin; spiculum long. Receptacle of spermatheca (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta wulaiensis sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545566" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36F</figureCitation>
) very swollen; pump short and strongly curved; sclerotized proximal spermathecal duct narrow and short. Apical margin of abdominal ventrite V slightly concave, with shallow triangular depression at middle in males (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta wulaiensis sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545566" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36H</figureCitation>
); slightly concave in females (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta wulaiensis sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545566" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Adults of
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. wulaiensis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="wulaiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. wulaiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. and
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. ishiharai" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ishiharai">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ishiharai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kimoto are easily separated from other species within the species group by the longitudinal ridges on the elytra (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Habitus of Pyrrhalta ishiharai Kimoto and P. wulaiensis sp. nov. A P. ishiharai, female, typical form, dorsal view B ditto, ventral view C ditto, lateral view D P. wulaiensis sp. nov., female, dorsal view E ditto, ventral view F ditto, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545564" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">34</figureCitation>
) and the angular apices of aedeagi (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="F35" captionText="Figure 35. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta ishiharai Kimoto A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E apex of tibia of middle leg, male F abdominal ventrite VIII G spermatheca H tarsi of middle leg, male I abdominal ventrite V, female J abdominal ventrite V, male K gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545565" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">35C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta wulaiensis sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545566" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36C</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lee &amp; Bezděk" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ericaceae" genus="Pyrrhalta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrrhalta wulaiensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wulaiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pyrrhalta wulaiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is distinguished from
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. ishiharai" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ishiharai">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ishiharai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the smaller body size (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Field photographs of Pyrrhalta wulaiensis sp. nov. on host plant A egg B third-instar larva C mature larva D pupa E adult F adults: P. wulaiensis sp. nov. (left) and P. ishiharai (right)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545567" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">37F</figureCitation>
), 3.3-3.7 mm long (4.8-5.1 mm long in
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. ishiharai" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ishiharai">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ishiharai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), absence of dark spots between the longitudinal ridges on the elytra (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Habitus of Pyrrhalta ishiharai Kimoto and P. wulaiensis sp. nov. A P. ishiharai, female, typical form, dorsal view B ditto, ventral view C ditto, lateral view D P. wulaiensis sp. nov., female, dorsal view E ditto, ventral view F ditto, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545564" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">34D</figureCitation>
) (dark spots present between longitudinal ridges on elytra in
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. ishiharai" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ishiharai">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ishiharai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Habitus of Pyrrhalta ishiharai Kimoto and P. wulaiensis sp. nov. A P. ishiharai, female, typical form, dorsal view B ditto, ventral view C ditto, lateral view D P. wulaiensis sp. nov., female, dorsal view E ditto, ventral view F ditto, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545564" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">34A</figureCitation>
), lacking apical spine on tibia and normal tarsomere I of middle leg in males (apical spine present on tibia (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="F35" captionText="Figure 35. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta ishiharai Kimoto A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E apex of tibia of middle leg, male F abdominal ventrite VIII G spermatheca H tarsi of middle leg, male I abdominal ventrite V, female J abdominal ventrite V, male K gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545565" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">35E</figureCitation>
) and modified tarsomere I of middle leg in males of
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. ishiharai" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ishiharai">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ishiharai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="F35" captionText="Figure 35. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta ishiharai Kimoto A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E apex of tibia of middle leg, male F abdominal ventrite VIII G spermatheca H tarsi of middle leg, male I abdominal ventrite V, female J abdominal ventrite V, male K gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545565" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">35H</figureCitation>
)), transverse ostium and medially curved aedeagus (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta wulaiensis sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545566" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36C, D</figureCitation>
) (in longitudinal ostium and recurved at apical 1/3 of aedeagus
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. ishiharai" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ishiharai">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ishiharai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="F35" captionText="Figure 35. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta ishiharai Kimoto A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E apex of tibia of middle leg, male F abdominal ventrite VIII G spermatheca H tarsi of middle leg, male I abdominal ventrite V, female J abdominal ventrite V, male K gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545565" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">35C, D</figureCitation>
)), transversely rounded gonocoxae with scattered short setae (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta wulaiensis sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545566" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36I</figureCitation>
) (longitudinally cylindrical gonocoxae with dense, long setae in
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. ishiharai" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ishiharai">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ishiharai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="F35" captionText="Figure 35. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta ishiharai Kimoto A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E apex of tibia of middle leg, male F abdominal ventrite VIII G spermatheca H tarsi of middle leg, male I abdominal ventrite V, female J abdominal ventrite V, male K gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545565" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">35K</figureCitation>
))
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="host">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Host plant.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Larvae and adults feed on flowers of
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rosaceae" genus="Meliosma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Meliosma rhoifolia" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="rhoifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Meliosma rhoifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maxim. (
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Sabiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Sabiaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
One female was collected on flowers of the host plant (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Field photographs of Pyrrhalta wulaiensis sp. nov. on host plant A egg B third-instar larva C mature larva D pupa E adult F adults: P. wulaiensis sp. nov. (left) and P. ishiharai (right)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545567" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">37E</figureCitation>
) July 8, 2011 in Wulai, northern Taiwan by Mr Mei-Hua Tsou. The female deposited eggs (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Field photographs of Pyrrhalta wulaiensis sp. nov. on host plant A egg B third-instar larva C mature larva D pupa E adult F adults: P. wulaiensis sp. nov. (left) and P. ishiharai (right)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545567" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">37A</figureCitation>
) singly on flowers July 12. Larvae hatched in seven days. The larvae (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Field photographs of Pyrrhalta wulaiensis sp. nov. on host plant A egg B third-instar larva C mature larva D pupa E adult F adults: P. wulaiensis sp. nov. (left) and P. ishiharai (right)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545567" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">37B</figureCitation>
) fed on flowers and the larval duration was eleven days. mature larvae (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Field photographs of Pyrrhalta wulaiensis sp. nov. on host plant A egg B third-instar larva C mature larva D pupa E adult F adults: P. wulaiensis sp. nov. (left) and P. ishiharai (right)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545567" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">37C</figureCitation>
) burrowed into soil and built underground chambers for pupation. Duration of the pupal stage (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Field photographs of Pyrrhalta wulaiensis sp. nov. on host plant A egg B third-instar larva C mature larva D pupa E adult F adults: P. wulaiensis sp. nov. (left) and P. ishiharai (right)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545567" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">37D</figureCitation>
) was eight days.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545567" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 37" startId="F37">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 37.</emphasis>
Field photographs of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lee &amp; Bezděk" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ericaceae" genus="Pyrrhalta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrrhalta wulaiensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wulaiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pyrrhalta wulaiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. on host plant
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
egg
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
third-instar larva
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
mature larva
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
pupa
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
adult
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
adults:
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. wulaiensis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="wulaiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. wulaiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (left) and
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. ishiharai" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ishiharai">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ishiharai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(right).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The species is widespread at lowlands (0-1,500 m) in northern Taiwan and mid-altitudes (1,500-2,500 m) in central Taiwan.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The species is named for the locality where specimens were collected and used for laboratory rearing.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>