297 lines
36 KiB
XML
297 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="B8FF293F4F1570C63EF58B05228D7B1A" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4087.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="17164bda-a943-496a-b044-1958db25c495" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="399511" ID-ZooBank="C510CF71-0039-478A-91ED-BFD65B6FE0BE" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1457771752054" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Elena P. Kameneva & Valery A. Kroneyev" docDate="2016" docId="5101BA35FFB2FFEAFF1AE7B8D3F0FE58" docLanguage="en" docName="15545-5067-1-PB.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4087 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Physiphora allomma Speiser 1914" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="20" masterDocId="AD38C24DFFA2FFF9FF8DE104D70CFF88" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Genus Physiphora Fallén 1810 (Diptera: Ulidiidae: Ulidiinae)" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1698184504803" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="533023BF7D03B50A4F10AEABADDFEBE6" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="601DA37CA66561D7343D41F281DADE71">
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<mods:title id="46AA1230E21D64101C1EECC608A8FAFC">Revision of the Genus Physiphora Fallén 1810 (Diptera: Ulidiidae: Ulidiinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="3F81463B609C9AA9E823D55A1AEBD601" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="551EAF940449EFF5234E617B1CE9CBD6">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D5CD831056F8CC21E9133C87D1B6084A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="A04A10D0B710594227FEC348D05202EC">Elena P. Kameneva</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="1AA2065BE6A848C42F69CD65FD76FC1B" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="3C341D3381EE247464AC50493C26C4FC">
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<mods:roleTerm id="94E43F0765949778518923C7FE4D62F6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="A4DB78C2B92185D6FAC944E27DEFED66">Valery A. Kroneyev</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="29782E1724513B78934F4F6C2EB75A96">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="49CE7B7C05FF8D19FEA3D78E563269A4">
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<mods:title id="D499A94DD7858E2F3181EDE71F43718D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="1F43A92C131FA487F20BFCF552124889">
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<mods:date id="6F417368A4D4D2D9A7E752A211AB7956">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="90557D80AC599753D267E38AE997C767" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="CF7521E9C98AC48C01F2CD00B51D2FC2">4087</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="3CACFDD4424189F5CCAF8C72022B6234" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="7BC6B8D5FDFE60FA69E78B2D0901580E">1</mods:number>
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<mods:end id="339C2C9DCF02C7274EA89431A5F83A3E">88</mods:end>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:classification id="63C438DFCFADBEEB2DC2371A1E3DDD04">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="BB4088355584ACE50DE16D9B90079984" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4087.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="199A38A63A362C084567ECF41085851F" type="GBIF-Dataset">17164bda-a943-496a-b044-1958db25c495</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="001CE133DA2B47069A32B65092C3D3FB" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D9D1DFCB9377A16B75E26D65C085178F" type="Zenodo-Dep">399511</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="312BB6B82C83C8D9E47021295F6B6353" type="ZooBank">C510CF71-0039-478A-91ED-BFD65B6FE0BE</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="5101BA35FFB2FFEAFF1AE7B8D3F0FE58" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6066581" ID-GBIF-Taxon="117897963" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6066581" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5101BA35FFB2FFEAFF1AE7B8D3F0FE58" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5101BA35FFB2FFEAFF1AE7B8D3F0FE58" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<subSubSection id="91B258A8FFB2FFE9FF1AE7B8D4EAF8B5" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D9170B23FFB2FFE9FF1AE7B8D546F95E" blockId="16.[151,586,1724,1784]" box="[151,586,1724,1750]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<heading id="825FBC4FFFB2FFE9FF1AE7B8D546F95E" bold="true" box="[151,586,1724,1750]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="1EA870A0FFB2FFE9FF1AE7B8D546F95E" ID-CoL="4HH8M" authority="Speiser 1914" authorityName="Speiser" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,586,1724,1750]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Physiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="allomma">
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<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB2FFE9FF1AE7B8D546F95E" bold="true" box="[151,586,1724,1750]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB2FFE9FF1AE7B8D69FF95E" bold="true" box="[151,403,1724,1750]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Physiphora allomma</emphasis>
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(Speiser 1914)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D9170B23FFB2FFE9FF1AE7DBD633F97F" blockId="16.[151,586,1724,1784]" box="[151,319,1759,1784]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<figureCitation id="419317A6FFB2FFE9FF1AE7DBD637F97F" box="[151,315,1759,1784]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 41 – 45" captionStart-1="FIGURES 46 – 52" captionStartId-0="17.[151,264,1128,1149]" captionStartId-1="18.[151,264,1234,1255]" captionTargetBox-0="[187,1401,334,1073]" captionTargetBox-1="[159,1415,194,1206]" captionTargetId-0="figure@17.[151,1436,301,1106]" captionTargetId-1="figure@18.[151,1436,193,1211]" captionTargetPageId-0="17" captionTargetPageId-1="18" captionText-0="FIGURES 41 – 45. Physiphora allomma: 41, ♀ habitus, dorsal; 42, head and thorax, left; 43, head, anterior; 44, same, dorsal; 45, wing. Scale 1 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 46 – 52. Physiphora allomma: 46, ♂ phallus (a, b—fragment of preglans with spines, enlarged); 47, glans, enlarged; 48, epandrium, posterior; 49, same, antero-ventral; 50 ♀, eversible membrane, ventral; 51, aculeus; 52, spermathecae." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/399574/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/399575/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figures 41–52</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D9170B23FFB2FFE9FF1AE623D4EAF8B5" blockId="16.[151,998,1831,1853]" box="[151,998,1831,1853]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName id="1EA870A0FFB2FFE9FF1AE623D527F8B5" authority="Speiser, 1914: 16" authorityName="Speiser" authorityPageNumber="16" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,555,1831,1853]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Chrysomyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="allomma">
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<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB2FFE9FF1AE623D67FF8B5" box="[151,371,1831,1853]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Chrysomyza allomma</emphasis>
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Speiser, 1914: 16
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="1EA870A0FFB2FFE9FDBBE623D4EEF8B5" authority="Steyskal, 1980: 576" authorityName="Steyskal" authorityPageNumber="576" authorityYear="1980" box="[566,994,1831,1853]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Physiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="allomma">
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<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB2FFE9FDBBE623D406F8B5" box="[566,778,1831,1853]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Physiphora allomma</emphasis>
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: Steyskal, 1980: 576
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="91B258A8FFB2FFE8FF1AE66DD54EFF70" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="D9170B23FFB2FFE8FF1AE66DD54EFF70" blockId="16.[151,1436,1897,2030]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1436,151,248]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB2FFE9FF1AE66DD7F3F80A" bold="true" box="[151,255,1897,1922]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Material</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB2FFE9FE9DE66ED645F809" bold="true" box="[272,329,1898,1921]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<typeStatus id="0613B581FFB2FFE9FE9DE66ED645F809" box="[272,329,1898,1921]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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.
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<typeStatus id="0613B581FFB2FFE9FED1E66DD6C8F80A" box="[348,452,1897,1922]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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♀: [
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<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB2FFE9FE73E66DD571F80A" bold="true" box="[510,637,1897,1922]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<collectingCountry id="A1BF4BB3FFB2FFE9FE73E66DD571F80A" box="[510,637,1897,1922]" name="Cameroon" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Cameroun</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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:] “Dschang,
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<date id="AD162DE3FFB2FFE9FC95E66DD4BAF80A" box="[792,950,1897,1922]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1912-10">Oktober 1912</date>
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” not located, apparently destroyed during WWII.
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<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB2FFE9FF7EE68AD6D0F82E" bold="true" box="[243,476,1933,1958]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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Non-type.
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<collectingCountry id="A1BF4BB3FFB2FFE9FEF8E689D6D0F82E" box="[373,476,1933,1958]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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: Wushwush Saum, 36º
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<geoCoordinate id="BC9C6DE4FFB2FFE9FD7CE68AD44EF82E" box="[753,834,1934,1958]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" precision="555" value="5.17">05.17E</geoCoordinate>
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07º
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<geoCoordinate id="BC9C6DE4FFB2FFE9FCF9E68AD4C5F82E" box="[884,969,1934,1958]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" precision="555" value="18.59">18.59N</geoCoordinate>
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, h=
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<quantity id="1E50A6C6FFB2FFE9FC77E689D345F82E" box="[1018,1097,1933,1958]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.988" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="m" value="1988.0">1988m</quantity>
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, Trockenrasen, Streifnetz, 6,
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<date id="AD162DE3FFB2FFE9FF1AE6B6D61BF842" box="[151,279,1970,1994]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="2014-10-12">10.12.2014</date>
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,
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<specimenCount id="CFAEC0AAFFB2FFE9FEABE6B5D647F842" box="[294,331,1969,1994]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="generic">3♂</specimenCount>
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, 1♀ (H.-J.Flügel) (HJFC; SIZK);
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<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB2FFE9FD57E6B5D47AF842" bold="true" box="[730,886,1969,1994]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<collectingCountry id="A1BF4BB3FFB2FFE9FD57E6B5D47AF842" box="[730,886,1969,1994]" name="South Africa" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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: W Cape, Cape Town,
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<geoCoordinate id="BC9C6DE4FFB2FFE9FB03E6B6D3E8F842" box="[1166,1252,1970,1994]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" precision="925" value="-33.933334">33º56′S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="BC9C6DE4FFB2FFE9FB63E6B6D245F842" box="[1262,1353,1970,1994]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" precision="925" value="18.466667">18º28′E</geoCoordinate>
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, larvae infesting growth tip of date palm, 19.
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<date id="AD162DE3FFB2FFE9FDB8E6D2D5ADF866" box="[565,673,2005,2030]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="2008-05-06">
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v.2008,
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<specimenCount id="CFAEC0AAFFB2FFE9FD1FE6D1D5ADF866" box="[658,673,2005,2030]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="generic">6</specimenCount>
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</date>
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♂, 3♀, 3 puparia (G. Tribe) (SANC; SIZK);
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<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB2FFE9FB1FE6D1D3F5F866" bold="true" box="[1170,1273,2005,2030]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<collectingCountry id="A1BF4BB3FFB2FFE9FB1FE6D1D3F5F866" box="[1170,1273,2005,2030]" name="Namibia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Namibia</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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: West Kaprivi Park, Okavanga River Susuwe,
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<geoCoordinate id="BC9C6DE4FFB3FFE8FE71E19CD54FFF38" box="[508,579,152,176]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">17º45′</geoCoordinate>
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37″S 23º20′56″E, Malaise trap, dry woodland, 28.ix–2.
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<date id="AD162DE3FFB3FFE8FB22E193D218FF38" box="[1199,1300,151,176]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1998-10-01">
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x.1998,
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<specimenCount id="CFAEC0AAFFB3FFE8FA87E193D218FF38" box="[1290,1300,151,176]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
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</date>
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♂ (A. Kirk- Spriggs); Mahango Game Park, Okavango River at
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<geoCoordinate id="BC9C6DE4FFB3FFE8FD54E1B8D413FF5C" box="[729,799,188,212]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">18º13′</geoCoordinate>
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19″S 21º45′10″E, Malaise trap, dry woodland, 1♀ (Kirk- Spriggs, Pape & Hauwanga) (NICW).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="8DD75BABFFB3FFE8FF1AE56CD677FB14" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399574/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" targetBox="[187,1401,334,1073]" targetPageId="17">
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<paragraph id="D9170B23FFB3FFE8FF1AE56CD677FB14" blockId="17.[151,1436,1127,1180]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB3FFE8FF1AE56CD659FBF5" bold="true" box="[151,341,1128,1149]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FIGURES 41–45.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="1EA870A0FFB3FFE8FED1E56CD53DFBF6" box="[348,561,1128,1150]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Physiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="allomma">
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<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB3FFE8FED1E56CD53DFBF6" box="[348,561,1128,1150]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Physiphora allomma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: 41, ♀ habitus, dorsal; 42, head and thorax, left; 43, head, anterior; 44, same, dorsal; 45, wing. Scale 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="91B258A8FFB3FFE8FF4AE5CDD39BF9A6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="D9170B23FFB3FFE8FF4AE5CDD39BF9A6" blockId="17.[151,1437,1225,2017]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB3FFE8FF4AE5CDD636FB6A" bold="true" box="[199,314,1225,1250]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. This species differs from all other species of the genus by the combination of almost entirely black head, dull black thorax with faint blue or violet tinge, white fore basitarsomere with dark basal (!) and apical 0.2 of its length, and wing with widely opened cell r4+5 and brown veins. Superficially similar
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<taxonomicName id="1EA870A0FFB3FFE8FBFDE416D3ECFAA2" box="[1136,1248,1297,1322]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Physiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hendeli" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB3FFE8FBFDE416D372FAA1" box="[1136,1150,1298,1321]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P</emphasis>
|
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.
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<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB3FFE8FB00E415D3ECFAA2" box="[1165,1248,1297,1322]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">hendeli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="F0EF6A4AFFB3FFE8FB6AE416D229FAA1" box="[1255,1317,1298,1321]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="1EA870A0FFB3FFE8FABFE416D290FAA1" box="[1330,1436,1298,1321]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Physiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugosa" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB3FFE8FABFE416D24CFAA1" box="[1330,1344,1298,1321]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P</emphasis>
|
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.
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<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB3FFE8FAC3E416D290FAA1" box="[1358,1436,1298,1321]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">rugosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="F0EF6A4AFFB3FFE8FF1AE43DD7D0FAD8" box="[151,220,1337,1360]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="1EA870A0FFB3FFE8FEA5E43DD697FAD8" box="[296,411,1337,1360]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Physiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tarsata">
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<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB3FFE8FEA5E43DD63AFAD8" box="[296,310,1337,1360]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
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<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB3FFE8FEC1E43DD697FAD8" box="[332,411,1337,1360]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">tarsata</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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, which sometimes may have dull black thorax with faint blue tinge, can be easily differentiated from it by the cell r4+5 narrowly closed, veins light yellow, fore basitarsomere yellow at base, and frons deeply wrinkled or pitted (smooth in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EA870A0FFB3FFE8FD03E480D403FA14" box="[654,783,1411,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Physiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="allomma">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB3FFE8FD03E480D403FA14" box="[654,783,1411,1436]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. allomma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EA870A0FFB3FFE8FCA4E480D49EFA13" box="[809,914,1412,1435]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Physiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aperta">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB3FFE8FCA4E480D43BFA13" box="[809,823,1412,1435]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB3FFE8FCC4E480D49EFA13" box="[841,914,1412,1435]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">aperta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EA870A0FFB3FFE8FC2EE480D34EFA14" box="[931,1090,1411,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Physiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB3FFE8FC2EE480D4BDFA13" box="[931,945,1412,1435]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB3FFE8FC4FE487D34EFA14" box="[962,1090,1411,1436]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">longicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EA870A0FFB3FFE8FB08E480D20FFA14" box="[1157,1283,1411,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Physiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="violacea">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB3FFE8FB08E480D39FFA13" box="[1157,1171,1412,1435]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB3FFE8FB29E487D20FFA14" box="[1188,1283,1411,1436]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">violacea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sharing with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EA870A0FFB3FFE8FF1AE4ACD602FA37" box="[151,270,1446,1471]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Physiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="allomma">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB3FFE8FF1AE4ACD7A9FA37" box="[151,165,1448,1471]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB3FFE8FF21E4A2D602FA37" box="[172,270,1446,1471]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">allomma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
black mesonotum with blue or violet tinge, are shining, with sparsely and weakly wrinkled thorax, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EA870A0FFB3FFE8FE91E4C8D691FA6C" box="[284,413,1483,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Physiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="allomma">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB3FFE8FE91E4C8D626FA6B" box="[284,298,1484,1507]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB3FFE8FEB6E4CFD691FA6C" box="[315,413,1483,1508]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">allomma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it is densely rugulose and dull.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EA870A0FFB3FFE8FC9AE4C8D49BFA6C" box="[791,919,1483,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Physiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="allomma">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB3FFE8FC9AE4C8D49BFA6C" box="[791,919,1483,1508]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. allomma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EA870A0FFB3FFE8FC59E4C8D337FA6B" box="[980,1083,1484,1507]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Physiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aperta">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB3FFE8FC59E4C8D337FA6B" box="[980,1083,1484,1507]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. aperta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A1BF4BB3FFB3FFE8FB02E4CFD243FA6C" box="[1167,1359,1483,1508]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
) share widely opened cell r4+5 and brown veins, differing mostly by black or brown frons and different ratio of the sections of costal vein between R4+5 and M and between R2+3 and R4+5 (see Key and
|
||
<figureCitation id="419317A6FFB3FFE8FC57E711D338F9A6" box="[986,1076,1557,1582]" captionStart="FIGURES 41 – 45" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1128,1149]" captionTargetBox="[187,1401,334,1073]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,301,1106]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 41 – 45. Physiphora allomma: 41, ♀ habitus, dorsal; 42, head and thorax, left; 43, head, anterior; 44, same, dorsal; 45, wing. Scale 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399574/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs. 45</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="419317A6FFB3FFE8FBE7E711D385F9A6" box="[1130,1161,1557,1582]" captionStart="FIGURES 56 – 59" captionStartId="21.[151,264,825,846]" captionTargetBox="[202,1420,200,776]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,193,804]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 56 – 59. Physiphora aperta, paratypes: 56, eye pattern; 57, head and thorax, dorsal; 58, head, anterior; 59, wing. Figs. 56, 59, from Steyskal, 1952, redrawn by V. A. Korneyev; Figs. 57 – 58, photo by A. L. Norrbom." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399577/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">59</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="91B258A8FFB3FFEAFF4AE738D60CFEED" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="D9170B23FFB3FFE8FF4AE738D28BF949" blockId="17.[151,1437,1225,2017]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB3FFE8FF4AE738D65DF9DD" bold="true" box="[199,337,1596,1621]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Description</emphasis>
|
||
. Head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="419317A6FFB3FFE8FE21E738D53FF9DD" box="[428,563,1596,1621]" captionStart="FIGURES 41 – 45" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1128,1149]" captionTargetBox="[187,1401,334,1073]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,301,1106]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 41 – 45. Physiphora allomma: 41, ♀ habitus, dorsal; 42, head and thorax, left; 43, head, anterior; 44, same, dorsal; 45, wing. Scale 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399574/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs. 42–44</figureCitation>
|
||
) black. Frons 1.2 times as long as wide, black, at anterior margin sometimes brown, shining, sparsely and finely, almost inconspicuously setulose, with round parafrontal microtichose spots and two pairs of calluses (oval swellings) posterior to its middle and slightly concave anterior half. Vertical plates black, with dark blue sheen, bearing 2 pairs of black, short, slightly reclinate orbital setae. Ocellar triangle black.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D9170B23FFB3FFE8FF4AE7C9D66FF869" blockId="17.[151,1437,1225,2017]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Face black to dark brown, facial carina sharply delimited, dorsal half brown and black, medially with triangular microtrichose area narrowly separated from microtrichose antennal grooves. Lunule and facial ridge, parafacial and gena black or, rarely, brown, gena 1/3 times as high as eye; only parafacial with narrow white microtrichose stripe along anteroventral eye margin. Epistome entirely black. Occiput black. Medial vertical seta half as long as frons width, 1.3 times as long as lateral vertical and 3–4 times as long as ocellar, orbital and postocellar setae. Antenna brown to black; flagellomere 1 rounded apically, 1.5 times as long as wide, greyish microtrichose; arista bare, brown in basal 1/6, remainder black. Clypeus brown to black. Palp brown to black. Mouthparts black.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="8DD75BABFFB0FFEBFF1AE5D6D24DFA8F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399575/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" targetBox="[159,1415,194,1206]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="D9170B23FFB0FFEBFF1AE5D6D24DFA8F" blockId="18.[151,1436,1232,1287]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB0FFEBFF1AE5D6D65FFB6F" bold="true" box="[151,339,1234,1255]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FIGURES 46–52.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EA870A0FFB0FFEBFED4E5D6D520FB60" box="[345,556,1234,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Physiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="allomma">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB0FFEBFED4E5D6D520FB60" box="[345,556,1234,1256]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Physiphora allomma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 46, ♂ phallus (a, b—fragment of preglans with spines, enlarged); 47, glans, enlarged; 48, epandrium, posterior; 49, same, antero-ventral; 50 ♀, eversible membrane, ventral; 51, aculeus; 52, spermathecae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="D9170B23FFB0FFEBFF4AE430D6C2F9AD" blockId="18.[151,1437,1332,2013]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Thorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="419317A6FFB0FFEBFEA3E430D685FAC5" box="[302,393,1332,1357]" captionStart="FIGURES 41 – 45" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1128,1149]" captionTargetBox="[187,1401,334,1073]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,301,1106]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 41 – 45. Physiphora allomma: 41, ♀ habitus, dorsal; 42, head and thorax, left; 43, head, anterior; 44, same, dorsal; 45, wing. Scale 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399574/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
|
||
). Scutum and scutellum black, with dull green metallic sheen, finely rugulose, except antepronotum and posterior surface of postpronotal lobe, as well as pleura strongly shining; posterodorsal part of anepisternum shagreened; supra-alar area and tympanal fossa matt brown to black, postscutellum black, gray microtrichose; postero-ventral margin of scutellum without microtrichose area. Mesonotal scutum without medial row of setulae, acrostichal and dorsocentral setae; only poorly visible dorsocentral and postsutural intra-alar setulae present; all setae very fine and short, black. One postprononal, 2 postsutural supra-alar, one intra-alar and one postalar setae strong, black.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D9170B23FFB0FFEBFF4AE734D6D0F9E4" blockId="18.[151,1437,1332,2013]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Scutellum transversely shagreened, with faint deep blue reflection, with very fine and short black setulae and 2 pairs of black scutellar setae.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D9170B23FFB0FFEBFF4AE77CD41DF889" blockId="18.[151,1437,1332,2013]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Wing. Entirely hyaline, with brown veins; cell r4+5 conspicuously open, section of costal vein between R4+5 and M longer than half of crossvein r-m and less than half (0.25–0.3) times as long as section of costal vein between R2+3 and R4+5 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="419317A6FFB0FFEBFEBDE7C7D68FF954" box="[304,387,1731,1756]" captionStart="FIGURES 41 – 45" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1128,1149]" captionTargetBox="[187,1401,334,1073]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,301,1106]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 41 – 45. Physiphora allomma: 41, ♀ habitus, dorsal; 42, head and thorax, left; 43, head, anterior; 44, same, dorsal; 45, wing. Scale 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399574/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
|
||
). postero-apical extension of cell cup 1.3 times as long as vein A1+CuA2, and 3 times as long as transverse section of vein CuA2. Length: 3.0–4.9 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D9170B23FFB0FFEBFF4AE615D47DF8F9" blockId="18.[151,1437,1332,2013]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Legs. Black except fore tarsus with basitarsomere creamy yellow in medial portion, and black in basal and apical one-fifth, mid- and hind tarsi yellow except apical tarsomeres black; all setae black; fore femur posteroventrally with 3–5 thickened, but rather short setae in apical half.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D9170B23FFB0FFEBFF4AE678D7F5F855" blockId="18.[151,1437,1332,2013]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Abdomen. Both tergites and sternites black, finely rugulose, with bluish reflection; all setulae black; abdominal tergite 1 basally grey microtrichose; female abdominal tergite 2 with pair of dimple-like structures laterally.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D9170B23FFB1FFEAFF4AE193D3ECFF70" blockId="19.[151,1436,151,464]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A1BF4BB3FFB1FFEAFF4AE193D60DFF38" box="[199,257,151,176]" name="Malta" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Male</collectingCountry>
|
||
postabdomen brown to black; epandrium as on
|
||
<figureCitation id="419317A6FFB1FFEAFC9BE193D491FF38" box="[790,925,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 52" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1234,1255]" captionTargetBox="[159,1415,194,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,193,1211]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 52. Physiphora allomma: 46, ♂ phallus (a, b—fragment of preglans with spines, enlarged); 47, glans, enlarged; 48, epandrium, posterior; 49, same, antero-ventral; 50 ♀, eversible membrane, ventral; 51, aculeus; 52, spermathecae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399575/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs. 48–49</figureCitation>
|
||
, phallus with stipe at most as long as preglans and glans; preglans with chain of sharp spinules (
|
||
<figureCitation id="419317A6FFB1FFEAFD32E1B8D403FF5C" box="[703,783,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 52" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1234,1255]" captionTargetBox="[159,1415,194,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,193,1211]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 52. Physiphora allomma: 46, ♂ phallus (a, b—fragment of preglans with spines, enlarged); 47, glans, enlarged; 48, epandrium, posterior; 49, same, antero-ventral; 50 ♀, eversible membrane, ventral; 51, aculeus; 52, spermathecae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399575/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
|
||
a) and big black spur distally of caecum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="419317A6FFB1FFEAFB69E1B8D238FF5C" box="[1252,1332,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 52" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1234,1255]" captionTargetBox="[159,1415,194,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,193,1211]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 52. Physiphora allomma: 46, ♂ phallus (a, b—fragment of preglans with spines, enlarged); 47, glans, enlarged; 48, epandrium, posterior; 49, same, antero-ventral; 50 ♀, eversible membrane, ventral; 51, aculeus; 52, spermathecae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399575/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
|
||
b); glans as on
|
||
<figureCitation id="419317A6FFB1FFEAFF55E1DBD638FF70" box="[216,308,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 52" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1234,1255]" captionTargetBox="[159,1415,194,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,193,1211]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 52. Physiphora allomma: 46, ♂ phallus (a, b—fragment of preglans with spines, enlarged); 47, glans, enlarged; 48, epandrium, posterior; 49, same, antero-ventral; 50 ♀, eversible membrane, ventral; 51, aculeus; 52, spermathecae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399575/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs. 47</figureCitation>
|
||
, with at least two wide-based, sharply pointed lobes and one narrow claw-like lobe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D9170B23FFB1FFEAFF4AE000D60CFEED" blockId="19.[151,1436,151,464]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Female terminalia: eversible membrane (
|
||
<figureCitation id="419317A6FFB1FFEAFD1BE000D5EBFE95" box="[662,743,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 52" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1234,1255]" captionTargetBox="[159,1415,194,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,193,1211]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 52. Physiphora allomma: 46, ♂ phallus (a, b—fragment of preglans with spines, enlarged); 47, glans, enlarged; 48, epandrium, posterior; 49, same, antero-ventral; 50 ♀, eversible membrane, ventral; 51, aculeus; 52, spermathecae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399575/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
|
||
) with two pairs of long taeniae and membrane between them cowered by fine monodentate scales; aculeus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="419317A6FFB1FFEAFD25E023D5F6FEC8" box="[680,762,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 52" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1234,1255]" captionTargetBox="[159,1415,194,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,193,1211]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 52. Physiphora allomma: 46, ♂ phallus (a, b—fragment of preglans with spines, enlarged); 47, glans, enlarged; 48, epandrium, posterior; 49, same, antero-ventral; 50 ♀, eversible membrane, ventral; 51, aculeus; 52, spermathecae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399575/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
|
||
) 7 times as long as wide at base; 3 spherical spermathecae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="419317A6FFB1FFEAFF12E048D7FFFEED" box="[159,243,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 52" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1234,1255]" captionTargetBox="[159,1415,194,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,193,1211]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 52. Physiphora allomma: 46, ♂ phallus (a, b—fragment of preglans with spines, enlarged); 47, glans, enlarged; 48, epandrium, posterior; 49, same, antero-ventral; 50 ♀, eversible membrane, ventral; 51, aculeus; 52, spermathecae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399575/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 52</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="91B258A8FFB1FFEAFF4AE06BD490FE00" box="[199,924,367,392]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="D9170B23FFB1FFEAFF4AE06BD490FE00" blockId="19.[151,1436,151,464]" box="[199,924,367,392]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB1FFEAFF4AE06BD655FE00" bold="true" box="[199,345,367,392]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A1BF4BB3FFB1FFEAFEE5E06BD6CBFE00" box="[360,455,367,392]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A1BF4BB3FFB1FFEAFE66E074D56EFE00" box="[491,610,368,392]" name="Cameroon" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A1BF4BB3FFB1FFEAFDE0E06BD5C1FE00" box="[621,717,367,392]" name="Namibia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A1BF4BB3FFB1FFEAFC89E06BD49BFE00" box="[772,919,367,392]" name="South Africa" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="91B258A8FFB1FFEAFF4AE090D3E3FE25" box="[199,1263,404,429]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="D9170B23FFB1FFEAFF4AE090D3E3FE25" blockId="19.[151,1436,151,464]" box="[199,1263,404,429]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB1FFEAFF4AE090D613FE25" bold="true" box="[199,287,404,429]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Biology</emphasis>
|
||
. Larvae feed in rotting date palm stems (possibly damaged by the palm weevil larvae).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="91B258A8FFB1FFEAFF4AE0BCD3F0FE58" box="[199,1276,439,464]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="D9170B23FFB1FFEAFF4AE0BCD3F0FE58" blockId="19.[151,1436,151,464]" box="[199,1276,439,464]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB1FFEAFF4AE0BCD638FE47" bold="true" box="[199,308,440,463]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. Rare in collections; further comparative study of this species and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EA870A0FFB1FFEAFBADE0BCD388FE47" box="[1056,1156,440,463]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Physiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aperta">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBDCD731FFB1FFEAFBADE0BCD388FE47" box="[1056,1156,440,463]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. aperta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is needed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |