279 lines
20 KiB
XML
279 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.81.e85571" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1864-8312-81-409" ID-Pensoft-UUID="1F7030AA7B0B54EAB1846C6B1339DB56" ID-ZooBank="764845DB2D5D4E7E9E12DCA816F5BCD8" ModsDocID="1864-8312-81-409" checkinTime="1682026883038" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Garcia, Andres F. & Villarreal, Osvaldo" docDate="2023" docId="4C81290760625764A2B4F84400EC875F" docLanguage="en" docName="ArthropodSystPhyl 81: 409-437" docOrigin="Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 81" docPubDate="2023-04-20" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.81.e85571" docTitle="Paravima locumida Gonzalez-Sponga 1987" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="1F7030AA7B0B54EAB1846C6B1339DB56" lastPageNumber="409" masterDocId="1F7030AA7B0B54EAB1846C6B1339DB56" masterDocTitle="Looks are deceiving: a cladistic analysis, three new species, and a new diagnosis of Paravima Caporiacco, 1951 (Opiliones: Agoristenidae)" masterLastPageNumber="437" masterPageNumber="409" pageNumber="409" updateTime="1682026883038" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Looks are deceiving: a cladistic analysis, three new species, and a new diagnosis of Paravima Caporiacco, 1951 (Opiliones: Agoristenidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Garcia, Andres F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional / Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, Sao Cristovao, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">agarciarinc@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Villarreal, Osvaldo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5355-3723</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional / Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, Sao Cristovao, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil & Museo del Instituto de Zoologia Agricola, Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Maracay, Aragua, Venezuela</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-04-20</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>81</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>409</mods:start>
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<mods:end>437</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.81.e85571</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.81.e85571</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1864-8312-81-409</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">764845DB2D5D4E7E9E12DCA816F5BCD8</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">1F7030AA7B0B54EAB1846C6B1339DB56</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C81290760625764A2B4F84400EC875F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C81290760625764A2B4F84400EC875F" lastPageNumber="409" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="409" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="7XXVY" LSID="4C812907-6062-5764-A2B4-F84400EC875F" authority="Gonzalez-Sponga, 1987" authorityName="Gonzalez-Sponga" authorityYear="1987" class="Arachnida" family="Agoristenidae" genus="Paravima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paravima locumida" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="locumida">
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Paravima locumida
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<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
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, 1987
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="409" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Paravima locumida Gonzalez-Sponga, 1987 (MAGS 324) male. Habitus: A Dorsal view; B lateral view; C anterior view; D posterior view; E ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e85571.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/840436" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">Figs 4</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Map showing the geographic distribution of Paravima in Northern South America. The background colored shapes refer to the biogeographic provinces of Morrone et al. (2022)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e85571.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/840450" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">, 18</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="409" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gonzalez-Sponga" authorityYear="1987" class="Arachnida" family="Agoristenidae" genus="Paravima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paravima locumida" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="locumida">Paravima locumida</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
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, 1987: 479, figs 612-617; Kury, 2003: 31.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="409" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">
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Paired tubercles on the mesotergal area III mammilliform, with acute tip and narrow base, the only other species with paired mammilliform tubercles is
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. goodnightorum" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" rank="species" species="goodnightorum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">P. goodnightorum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see details in the diagnosis of that species).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="409" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">
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See
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<bibRefCitation author="Gonzalez-Sponga, MA" journalOrPublisher="Academia de Ciencias Fisicas, Matematicas y Naturales, Caracas" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" refId="B20" refString="Gonzalez-Sponga, MA, 1987. Aracnidos de Venezuela. OpilionesLaniatores I. Familias Phalangodidae y Agoristenidae. Academia de Ciencias Fisicas, Matematicas y Naturales, Caracas" title="Aracnidos de Venezuela. OpilionesLaniatores I. Familias Phalangodidae y Agoristenidae." year="1987">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
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(1987)
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</bibRefCitation>
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. Here we offer a complementary description based on
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<bibRefCitation author="Gonzalez-Sponga, MA" journalOrPublisher="Academia de Ciencias Fisicas, Matematicas y Naturales, Caracas" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" refId="B20" refString="Gonzalez-Sponga, MA, 1987. Aracnidos de Venezuela. OpilionesLaniatores I. Familias Phalangodidae y Agoristenidae. Academia de Ciencias Fisicas, Matematicas y Naturales, Caracas" title="Aracnidos de Venezuela. OpilionesLaniatores I. Familias Phalangodidae y Agoristenidae." year="1987">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
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1987
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</bibRefCitation>
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: figs 616, 617: Anterior and lateral margins of DS smooth, posterior margin with some granules (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Paravima locumida Gonzalez-Sponga, 1987 (MAGS 324) male. Habitus: A Dorsal view; B lateral view; C anterior view; D posterior view; E ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e85571.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/840436" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">4A-D</figureCitation>
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). Mesotergum ill delimited, divided into four areas: area I divided into two halves; areas II-IV undivided; area III with a pair of paramedian mammilliform spines (higher than ocularium) slightly darker than the rest of the mesotergum (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Paravima locumida Gonzalez-Sponga, 1987 (MAGS 324) male. Habitus: A Dorsal view; B lateral view; C anterior view; D posterior view; E ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e85571.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/840436" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">4A-C</figureCitation>
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). Anterior margin of coxa I with a high proximal conical tubercle (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Paravima lokura sp. nov. (ICN-Ao- 1490 *) male holotype. A Habitus, dorsal view; B lateral view; C left coxa I, ventral view; D chelicera, anterior view. Apical part of the penis: E Dorsal view; F ventral view; G lateral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (penis with not scaled figures). Abbreviation: Macrosetae (MS)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e85571.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/840438" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">6E</figureCitation>
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). Fe IV four times DS length. Malleus of penis with one pair of branched MS-B; two pairs of MS-D; one pair of MS-E2 large and branched. Stylus elongated, surpassing the lamina parva.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/asp.81.e85571.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/840436" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">Figure 4.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gonzalez-Sponga" authorityYear="1987" class="Arachnida" family="Agoristenidae" genus="Paravima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paravima locumida" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="locumida">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">Paravima locumida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
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, 1987 (MAGS 324) male. Habitus:
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">A</emphasis>
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Dorsal view;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">B</emphasis>
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lateral view;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">C</emphasis>
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anterior view;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">D</emphasis>
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posterior view;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">E</emphasis>
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ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="409" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">
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Known from Miranda state, in the Venezuelan biogeographic province (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220211167" author="Morrone, JJ" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" refId="B34" refString="Morrone, JJ, Escalante, T, Rodriguez-Tapia, G, Carmona, A, Arana, M, Mercado-Gomez, JD, 2022. Biogeographic regionalization of the Neotropical region: New map and shapefile. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 94: e20211167. https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220211167" title="Biogeographic regionalization of the Neotropical region: New map and shapefile. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 94: e 20211167." url="https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220211167" year="2022">Morrone et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
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) (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Map showing the geographic distribution of Paravima in Northern South America. The background colored shapes refer to the biogeographic provinces of Morrone et al. (2022)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e85571.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/840450" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">18</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="409" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">Type material</emphasis>
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:
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1980-10-03" collectorName="A. R. Delgado de Gonzalez, J. A. Gonzalez Delgado, M. A. Gonzalez-Sponga" country="VENEZUELA" county="Acevedo" elevation="1200" location="Delgado de Gonzalez" municipality="Parque Nacional Guatopo" specimenCount="♂" stateProvince="Miranda" typeStatus="Holotype">
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<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectingCountry name="Venezuela">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion country="Venezuela" name="Miranda">Miranda</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCounty>Acevedo</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>Parque Nacional Guatopo</collectingMunicipality>
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| [10.217055° -66.45721°] |
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="1200.0">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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<collectingDate value="1980-10-03">3.x.1980</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName>
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A.R.
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C81290760625764A2B4F84400EC875F:98B6C3F8C38A46B0DE3CBC43B18FB4DE" country="VENEZUELA" county="Acevedo" municipality="Parque Nacional Guatopo" name="Delgado de Gonzalez" stateProvince="Miranda">
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Delgado de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
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</location>
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</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>
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J.A.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
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Delgado
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</collectorName>
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, and
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<collectorName>
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M.A.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
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</collectorName>
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leg. (MCNC 965)
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</materialsCitation>
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.-
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="A. R. Delgado de Gonzalez & J. A. Gonzalez Delgado & M. A. Gonzalez-Sponga" country="Venezuela" county="Acevedo" elevation="1200" location="Delgado de Gonzalez" municipality="Parque Nacional Guatopo" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Miranda" typeStatus="Paratypes">
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<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
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, same data as holotype (MCNC 966)
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="A. R. Delgado de Gonzalez & J. A. Gonzalez Delgado & M. A. Gonzalez-Sponga" country="Venezuela" county="Acevedo" elevation="1200" location="Delgado de Gonzalez" municipality="Parque Nacional Guatopo" specimenCount="10" specimenCount-female="5" specimenCount-male="5" stateProvince="Miranda" typeStatus="paratype">
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<specimenCount type="male">5 ♂</specimenCount>
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<specimenCount type="female">5 ♀</specimenCount>
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<specimenCount type="generic">3 imm.</specimenCount>
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, same data as holotype (MAGS, not examined)
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</materialsCitation>
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. -
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">Other material</emphasis>
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:
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1980-10-03" collectorName="Jose Antonio Gonzalez Delgado, Manuel Angel Gonzalez Sponga" country="VENEZUELA" elevation="320" location="Parque Nacional Guatopo" municipality="Acevedo" specimenCount="10" specimenCount-female="5" specimenCount-male="5" stateProvince="Miranda">
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<collectingCountry name="Venezuela">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
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:
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<specimenCount type="male">5 ♂</specimenCount>
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<specimenCount type="female">5 ♀</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectingRegion country="Venezuela" name="Miranda">Miranda</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>Acevedo</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C81290760625764A2B4F84400EC875F:C001B5FCE9E2434D030C99D629A23891" country="VENEZUELA" municipality="Acevedo" name="Parque Nacional Guatopo" stateProvince="Miranda">Parque Nacional Guatopo</location>
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,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" unit="m" value="320.0">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" unit="m" value="320.0">320 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<collectingDate value="1980-10-03">3.x.1980</collectingDate>
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, ARDG [Angela Rosa Delgado de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
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], JAGD [
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<collectorName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
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Antonio
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<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
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Delgado
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</collectorName>
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] and MAGS [
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<collectorName>
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Manuel
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ángel">Angel</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
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Sponga
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</collectorName>
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] leg. (MAGS 324)
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1987-11-14" collectorName="de Curia, A. R. Delgado, M. A. Gonzalez, Gonzalez S." country="Venezuela" location="Boca de Curia" municipality="Acevedo" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="1">
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<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
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<specimenCount type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>Acevedo</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C81290760625764A2B4F84400EC875F:CCC5299C50CD460991E640EAD5C9EE23" country="Venezuela" municipality="Acevedo" name="Boca de Curia">
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Boca
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<collectorName>de Curia</collectorName>
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</location>
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, [10.2°, -66.3°],
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<collectingDate value="1987-11-14">14.xi.1987</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName>A.R. Delgado</collectorName>
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and
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<collectorName>
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M.A.
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<collectorName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
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S.
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</collectorName>
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</collectorName>
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leg. (MAGS 1033 (MIZA 0105925))
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">Remarks.</emphasis>
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One male from MAGS 324 was photographed in 2017 (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Paravima locumida Gonzalez-Sponga, 1987 (MAGS 324) male. Habitus: A Dorsal view; B lateral view; C anterior view; D posterior view; E ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e85571.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/840436" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">4</figureCitation>
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). However, in a recent revision in 2022, we found the material totally deteriorated and that all the specimens are useless for taxonomic purposes (a lot of fungus on it). We suspect that MAGS 324 corresponds to one of the male
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<typeStatus>paratypes</typeStatus>
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cited as MAGS in type data, without number. Of all the drawings of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Caporiacco" authorityYear="1951" class="Arachnida" family="Agoristenidae" genus="Paravima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paravima" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">Paravima</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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genitalia made by G-S, those of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. locumida" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" rank="species" species="locumida">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">P. locumida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Gonzalez-Sponga, MA" journalOrPublisher="Academia de Ciencias Fisicas, Matematicas y Naturales, Caracas" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" refId="B20" refString="Gonzalez-Sponga, MA, 1987. Aracnidos de Venezuela. OpilionesLaniatores I. Familias Phalangodidae y Agoristenidae. Academia de Ciencias Fisicas, Matematicas y Naturales, Caracas" title="Aracnidos de Venezuela. OpilionesLaniatores I. Familias Phalangodidae y Agoristenidae." year="1987">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
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1987
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</bibRefCitation>
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: figs 616, 617) are the only ones that show all the MS known for the genus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |