220 lines
30 KiB
XML
220 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="8FB7ABECFFCB02702518CD038FD950DC" ID-CLB-Dataset="35710" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.480.6540" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d4e103e3-84ca-4793-b41f-f606f348f696" ID-PMC="PMC4319111" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-480-97" ID-PubMed="25685026" ID-ZooBank="E46FE2467AB44F2BB58083E26936F4AD" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-480-97" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 480" ModsDocTitle="Three new species of saddled loricariid catfishes, and a review of Hemiancistrus, Peckoltia, and allied genera (Siluriformes)" checkinTime="1451244691281" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Armbruster, Jonathan W., Werneke, David C. & Tan, Milton" docDate="2015" docId="48041C57885730CCA039282CB85F99B7" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 480: 97-123" docOrigin="ZooKeys 480" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.480.6540" docTitle="Peckoltia ephippiata Armbruster, Werneke & Tan, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="2BA0FAC3-FCA5-404D-BA5E-C2232FCD636F" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="102" masterDocId="993AFFB9FF98FF8DF15CA533FF83A40D" masterDocTitle="Three new species of saddled loricariid catfishes, and a review of Hemiancistrus, Peckoltia, and allied genera (Siluriformes)" masterLastPageNumber="123" masterPageNumber="97" pageNumber="100" updateTime="1701383885639" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="31F750840AF0291BC9A5EA43C4B5A74A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="74FED7F092E5D434583DBBDE0283EB84">
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<mods:title id="C699E0407341F80954194F42DCAE2D5B">Three new species of saddled loricariid catfishes, and a review of Hemiancistrus, Peckoltia, and allied genera (Siluriformes)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="F218CC9CA94A92A24DBAC3E9F86AB1CF" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="97AD8FD8AEA1A2FCF98622D0B8E2E9D7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="DBEE4286914C06888525F45FC0AC377D">Armbruster, Jonathan W.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="CE547931A48B0E8DE3FD4429942E04F5" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="62508D8787B8EC47916447B6480F5281">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="E3CA37CE60A44C7B7CE561BD0790A8CF">Werneke, David C.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="A7BF62F06B25AFBE062BDF1ED8AC191C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="606001CD1A805A6620EE4816BEE5E39B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B41945F74389D5B27B8C740143B5BF87">Tan, Milton</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="CBD0781654A2CC31C34768038D080E79">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="8B5213D6EF43B07F02574E0B6AE8E2E5">
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<mods:title id="10C77627D706BBFF463B75773A06CB10">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="421879E074BDC460D81BA09E0A60CC61">
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<mods:date id="284B7C44A5B4B213169D5B8D8BF09C0B">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="1B0D0DB20CFF732B0E83BB70F52D75F8" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="5876C893BBF28912ACCFC480F91A918E">480</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="9D2F5F94C2A506655D4A82EA5536DC03" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="C2E9D7348CC5790F4858C12E9DA1DC01">97</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="775A95E27528E609F397320B98369F87">123</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="7231554A08F18D5760B4F6FA295CFA4D">
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<mods:url id="2CAA068F0942A611E661A7C28FC82822">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.480.6540</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="01C96A7558C1A398E77762BC6E821BF6">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="CA5575DDA869DE613C91F8B6EED96195" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.480.6540</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7C1799FFE57AABCA9CB7FAA716267D46" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-480-97</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="100BAF4720750A0391EE4A8A457B21D2" type="ZooBank">E46FE2467AB44F2BB58083E26936F4AD</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="48041C57885730CCA039282CB85F99B7" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152058169" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2BA0FAC3-FCA5-404D-BA5E-C2232FCD636F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/48041C57885730CCA039282CB85F99B7" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="102" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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<subSubSection id="3B17899E88212F79AB03A14A963543E4" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="625E9ECB96AE08AFE4EFDB9594D81A75" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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<pageBreakToken id="1568DDC1841E7F6717DA71A21B615C2D" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" start="start">Taxon</pageBreakToken>
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classification Animalia Siluriformes Loricariidae
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D10B8A49398FB6B34217C2397D461BE0" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="DECB67024CBCE25E8490F3874654120A" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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<taxonomicName id="F291B0F2775EE804FD02A911F2E00AAA" ID-CoL="7687K" LSID="http://zoobank.org/2BA0FAC3-FCA5-404D-BA5E-C2232FCD636F" authority="Armbruster, Werneke & Tan" family="Loricariidae" genus="Peckoltia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peckoltia ephippiata" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ephippiata">Peckoltia ephippiata Armbruster, Werneke & Tan</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="FD19D8B36ED58A3852F006A23601821A" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Fig. 2, Table 2
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6E21F48EAC18F3FE18E463D9744471D2" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" type="type locality">
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<paragraph id="38E3AE1DF5DEDDF749D1DDB3E5DF400F" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D564A4A9CD3824774284EA11786FA210" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Brazil, South America</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="04A706BDA03C56E68BBC13C3A5FB49CF" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" type="holotype">
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<paragraph id="541CDE5CF22EA42D1D522E095E73A450" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9DC70B031795FE3600959C608FA61D98" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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MCP 35627, 1, 101.7 mm SL, BRAZIL,
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<normalizedToken id="445CBA043D98D53B0ABECC0E45805F1A" originalValue="Rôndonia">Rondonia</normalizedToken>
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, Presidente
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<normalizedToken id="380DA1F51E22E9E4F3F7D118672BC308" originalValue="Médici">Medici</normalizedToken>
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. rio Madeira dr., rio
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<normalizedToken id="FB50EBD3D52F36DEEC4BC11DD47B8F15" originalValue="Leitão">Leitao</normalizedToken>
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on highway BR-364, about 5 km N of Presidente
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<normalizedToken id="99B6D6E0A8ACF86CCF879B6B8E00F7A5" originalValue="Médici">Medici</normalizedToken>
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, -11.1328°, -061.9008°, 15 Jul 2004, R.E. Reis, P.C. Lehmann, F.C. Lima, and E.H.L. Pereira.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D869D1A721816DEA895B3981F5A9FDFC" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" type="paratypes">
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<paragraph id="B35FA5C61DACBD2266FE27519150AD68" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Paratypes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="15BE48077079A4CBB5B55522A8718B1C" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">ANSP 197614, 2, 60.4-92.5, AUM 65116, 2, 64.1-96.4, MCP 48395, 13, 48.2-97.7, MNRJ 42662, 2, 66.0-89.7, UF 237091, 2, 55.6-82.6, same locality data as holotype.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="251F1B8E62A25036DBCAA23A1D4BCA11" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="274E4F7D31C25F670678AFD7973480E4" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3755C5C1E41B782032B7634CEBB600D3" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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<taxonomicName id="9F438FBAD85076073D39646D4E221A42" family="Loricariidae" genus="Peckoltia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peckoltia ephippiata" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ephippiata">Peckoltia ephippiata</taxonomicName>
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can be separated from
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<taxonomicName id="212149EBECEC78651AB0FA28D89546B2" family="Loricariidae" genus="Peckoltia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peckoltia pankimpuju" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pankimpuju">Peckoltia pankimpuju</taxonomicName>
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by having well developed color and eyes; from all other
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<taxonomicName id="EE87DE9C0FFD367C92658A385596AA23" family="Loricariidae" genus="Peckoltia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peckoltia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Peckoltia</taxonomicName>
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by having no spots or bands in the dorsal fin; from all except
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<taxonomicName id="94496814514E4C02B749D48F81F4B459" family="Loricariidae" genus="Peckoltia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peckoltia greedoi" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="greedoi">Peckoltia greedoi</taxonomicName>
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by having small, very faint spots on the head (vs. large spots, mottling, short lines, or thick dark areas, always much more intense than the weak spots in
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<taxonomicName id="4EDB44104C9C632D227B63917156BBC8" family="Loricariidae" genus="Peckoltia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peckoltia ephippiata" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ephippiata">Peckoltia ephippiata</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="64622BF8BE85834BF88C404D502755D3" family="Loricariidae" genus="Peckoltia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peckoltia greedoi" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="greedoi">Peckoltia greedoi</taxonomicName>
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has a uniformly dark head, but the small faint spots of
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<taxonomicName id="1316FEFEE6AE0879B3F481B3C408D577" family="Loricariidae" genus="Peckoltia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peckoltia ephippiata" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ephippiata">Peckoltia ephippiata</taxonomicName>
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can appear uniformly dark without closer inspection); from all
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<taxonomicName id="D50D0D8687C323661C22B930AD397CCD" family="Loricariidae" genus="Peckoltia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peckoltia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Peckoltia</taxonomicName>
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except
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<taxonomicName id="2561490186A70BCEEEED27963E22B98D" family="Loricariidae" genus="Peckoltia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peckoltia furcata" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="furcata">Peckoltia furcata</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="C70338367151A5AB9FF1E7F0B78B5CCA" family="Loricariidae" genus="Peckoltia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peckoltia greedoi" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="greedoi">Peckoltia greedoi</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="32E688ECCFBEA55FA936A4DC67F1BB4A" family="Loricariidae" genus="Peckoltia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peckoltia lujani" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lujani">Peckoltia lujani</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="CA6164525BA7F5A35AD2F66F8F7A6FA9" family="Loricariidae" genus="Peckoltia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peckoltia pankimpuju" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pankimpuju">Peckoltia pankimpuju</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="FBD50093EB806C7EF66E7A4F60CC3263" family="Loricariidae" genus="Peckoltia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peckoltia sabaji" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sabaji">Peckoltia sabaji</taxonomicName>
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by having the dentaries meet at an angle greater than 90°; from
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<taxonomicName id="FC8949C32BE5DBDB722CBF618660DB0E" family="Loricariidae" genus="Peckoltia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peckoltia greedoi" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="greedoi">Peckoltia greedoi</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="8112BD8D2CCF4C16F8A186B2A22B55FF" family="Loricariidae" genus="Peckoltia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peckoltia lujani" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lujani">Peckoltia lujani</taxonomicName>
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by lacking bands in the dorsal fin, rays light and membranes dark (vs. bands present), by having more teeth (
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<taxonomicName id="9B59788559A74F7C2CE138893E9C5D6C" family="Loricariidae" genus="Peckoltia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peckoltia ephippiata" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ephippiata">Peckoltia ephippiata</taxonomicName>
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: 39-72 dentary, 41-73 premaxillary;
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<taxonomicName id="2525B437B3279DC079A2ACB5E7EC04FE" family="Loricariidae" genus="Peckoltia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peckoltia greedoi" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="greedoi">Peckoltia greedoi</taxonomicName>
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: 16-39 dentary, 20-38 premaxillary;
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<taxonomicName id="5E5034EE62116662F274A50C64C266D7" family="Loricariidae" genus="Peckoltia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peckoltia lujani" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lujani">Peckoltia lujani</taxonomicName>
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: 20-37 dentary, 23-45 premaxillary), by having slight keels on the lateral plates, particularly the median series (vs. keels absent), and by having platelets on the central region of the abdomen posterior to the pectoral girdle present (vs. platelets maximally present below pectoral girdle and in a narrow, lateral column just posterior to pectoral fin, and below pelvic girdle); and from
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<taxonomicName id="A5766620F9BC090E8E07991F452D010C" family="Loricariidae" genus="Peckoltia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peckoltia lujani" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lujani">Peckoltia lujani</taxonomicName>
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by having the pectoral-fin spine relaxed position angled dorsally, pointing at insertion of dorsal fin (vs. pectoral-fin spine angled only slightly dorsally, pointing maximally to dorsal insertion of caudal fin) and by the pectoral-fin spine reaching two or more plates of the ventral series beyond the pelvic base when adpressed ventral to pelvic fin (vs. less than one plate).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="724E249F016F22EAC08BB2203EF39293" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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<taxonomicName id="F83C6D29F702D12D01DECEAD9D7463C7" family="Loricariidae" genus="Peckoltia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peckoltia ephippiata" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ephippiata">Peckoltia ephippiata</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName id="A4F5705CFB674287111820C0C374148A" family="Loricariidae" genus="Etsaputu" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Etsaputu" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Etsaputu</taxonomicName>
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by having greater than six evertible cheek odontodes, the largest of which extends posterior to the eye (vs. six or fewer, the largest not extending beyond the exposed portion of the opercle).
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<taxonomicName id="1A50A86F61D1BEC2E56DE0B6D1423DA4" family="Loricariidae" genus="Peckoltia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peckoltia ephippiata" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ephippiata">Peckoltia ephippiata</taxonomicName>
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can be separated from
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<taxonomicName id="9145A56FCCBA379E2E126AD4172BC23E" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hemiancistrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiancistrus" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hemiancistrus</taxonomicName>
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(except
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<taxonomicName id="E58A4D5F98FC3222CD2C71F0023463E2" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hemiancistrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiancistrus landoni" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="landoni">' Hemiancistrus ' landoni</taxonomicName>
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) and
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<taxonomicName id="7AA4CEBEAB808ABB5D9D237E98C6069F" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancistomus" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Ancistomus</taxonomicName>
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by having prominent dorsal saddles (vs. dark or light spots or entirely dark); and from all
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<taxonomicName id="F2E45AE8EB70FAA9D4416B4C17C41EBE" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hemiancistrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiancistrus" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hemiancistrus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="E85B6E6DFD70BB7C41C25DF7D16AA0DC" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancistomus" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Ancistomus</taxonomicName>
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by having bands in the caudal fin and no free spots (vs. bands absent or present with some free spots).
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<taxonomicName id="5D4C01CEB9D1F76C8C462E88E195D080" family="Loricariidae" genus="Peckoltia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peckoltia ephippiata" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ephippiata">Peckoltia ephippiata</taxonomicName>
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can be separated from
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<taxonomicName id="528B2F6136DF3EFEB97899BBE9A87ABA" family="Loricariidae" genus="Peckoltichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peckoltichthys bachi" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bachi">Peckoltichthys bachi</taxonomicName>
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by having small, faint spots on the head (vs. large dark spots or mottling); by having the eyes high on the head with the dorsal rim of the orbit higher than the interorbital space (vs. low on the head, dorsal rim of orbit lower than interorbital space), and by having small plates on the abdomen (vs. relatively large).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="14DD436D8358299AEC9874C8842BF5E4" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" type="description">
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<paragraph id="53C17E757571D0522B9EEDC5F09B4976" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="33D75601BBF0F485B380D8BD9D1B160C" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Morphometrics in Table 2. Counts and measurements based on 18 specimens. Largest specimen examined 101.7 mm SL. Body moderately elongate. Head and nape forming arc from tip of snout to insertion of dorsal fin. Dorsal slope decreasing in straight line to insertion of dorsal procurrent caudal rays then ascending to caudal fin. Body depth greatest below insertion of dorsal fin. Ventral profile flat to caudal fin. Caudal peduncle triangular in cross section with dorsal surface flattened. Body widest at insertion of pectoral fins, narrowest at insertion of caudal fin. Snout rounded.</paragraph>
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<caption id="11E01A3C4F4959D46FDD51FD6D781792" ID-Table-UUID="11E01A3C4F4959D46FDD51FD6D781792" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/11E01A3C4F4959D46FDD51FD6D781792" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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<paragraph id="99292C3910FB69A87559BD21F6BED7D1" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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Table 2. Selected morphometrics of
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<taxonomicName id="A5804AF956D4FFA56BCA69A09FA2B801" family="Loricariidae" genus="Peckoltia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peckoltia ephippiata" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ephippiata">Peckoltia ephippiata</taxonomicName>
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. Numbers in parentheses refer to landmark numbers in
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<bibRefCitation id="290619A30103F5B191A81AE2C598AB90" author="Armbruster, JW" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="19" pageNumber="116" pagination="1 - 12" title="Peckoltiasabaji, a new species from the Guyana Shield (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)." url="http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2003f/zt00344.pdf" volume="344" year="2003">Armbruster (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="3F3EADC0EC5A8F6EFF4593E4C6B10C47" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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<table id="BACB84D042D73DAFD73374C214ECA05B" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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<tr id="2984525948206AE7BD812B9EB323ED9E" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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<th id="4A9ADA332CB0E50E832ACFA6B33F278B" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" rowspan="1">Holotype</th>
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<th id="0E457B94AF81291DC8147B85C88412AE" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" rowspan="1">N</th>
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<th id="B941E24AEC09B0BA369EF2178706B073" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" rowspan="1">Mean</th>
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<th id="B9A8F61CBD84C78EC9AE214D6C24F03F" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" rowspan="1">SD</th>
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<th id="BC987997E11ED8122DA1DFC28584FDA3" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" rowspan="1">Min</th>
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<th id="C79735AC2304BE6C675A7DA70D88C323" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" rowspan="1">Max</th>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AAAA8F273B6ECE60B698A601422BEE90" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Eye moderately sized, dorsal rim of orbit forming tall crest that continues forward to area just anterior of nares as low, rounded ridge. Iris operculum present. Interorbital space largely flat, but with slight, rounded, median hump that is contiguous with rounded ridge on snout formed from mesethmoid. Parieto-supraoccipital pointed posteriorly with the posterior point raised above nuchal region in small crest. Infraorbitals, frontal, nasal, compound pterotic, and parieto-supraoccipital supporting odontodes. Preopercle not supporting odontodes. Opercle generally covered by plates and not supporting odontodes although one to four may be present, particularly in smaller individuals.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6016A2F6409B7957E8764D3CFB5903FC" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Lips covered with short, wide papillae. Lower lip wide, upper lip narrow. Edge of lower lip with small crenulae. Maxillary barbel only barbel present, reaching about one third of distance to gill opening.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2EE44648D2C7C1788F21AA12C5C04C3C" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Median plates 25-26 (mode 26). Plates unkeeled, but first four or five plates of mid-ventral series bent to form slight ridge. Five caudal peduncle plate rows. Plates on all dorsolateral surfaces of body except for extreme edge of snout that only has a narrow column of platelets on either side of the snout tip. Throat mostly covered in platelets except for area right below lower lip. Abdomen covered in platelets except for broad region just anterior to level of pelvic-fin spine insertions, laterally below pelvic girdle, and small region around anus. Evertible cheek plates supporting hypertrophied odontodes that can be everted perpendicular to head. Cheek odontodes 18-40 (mode 32). Longest evertible cheek odontode reaching to about level of posterior edge of pectoral-fin spine. Hypertrophied cheek odontodes relatively weak. Odontodes slightly longer than average body odontodes present along dorsal-, adipose-, pelvic-, caudal-, and pectoral-fin spines; larger individuals with hypertrophied odontodes at tip of pectoral spine.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A50B877E670AE6D7D3C075C68707ABFE" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Dorsal fin ii,7; dorsal spinelet V-shaped, dorsal-fin locking mechanism present, last ray of dorsal fin not reaching preadipose plate when adpressed. Adipose fin with single preadipose plate and moderately long spine. Caudal fin i,14,i; caudal fin forked, ventral lobe longer than dorsal lobe; dorsal and ventral procurrent caudal rays five. Pectoral fin i,6; pectoral-fin spine reaching just posterior to pelvic fin when adpressed ventral to pelvic fin. Pelvic fin i,5; pelvic-fin spine extending to posterior end of base of anal fin when adpressed. Anal fin i,4; anal-fin spine slightly shorter than first ray.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BE5A8CED5636FBB3D79AF0B1F088B078" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Teeth bicuspid with lateral lobe three-quarters length of medial lobe and distal tip of lateral cusp one-half width of tip of medial cusp. 39-72 left dentary teeth (mode 56). 41-73 left premaxillary teeth (mode 64).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CD0BEE7794A14CD3D95E682845755EA3" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="101" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" type="color">
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<paragraph id="F912E6FD37EACAE993B03AB139719217" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Color.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6B20FA992FACE21389E5978EECA4F869" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="101" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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Base color red brown, intensity of red greater in smaller specimens. Head and nape almost completely dark brown with some extremely small spots faintly visible on posterodorsal surface of head and nape, many of the spots combining to form vermiculations. Compound pterotic slightly lighter than rest of head and small spots slightly more evident. Pectoral fin dark brown with faint, large, oblong spots along leading edge. Pelvic fin as pectoral but lighter. Dorsal fin with oblong spots along spine, rays red brown, and membranes dark. Caudal fin with three to five bands that may be regular (contiguous
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<pageBreakToken id="7850EEB7D6256C6B37E9769A4A39F62E" pageId="4" pageNumber="101" start="start">along</pageBreakToken>
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height of fin) or irregular (ventral and dorsal parts offset); lighter interspaces red brown, usually slightly narrower than dark bands (the largest individual examined has the light interspaces much narrower than the bands, which are very irregular). Body with four saddles, first below middle of dorsal fin, second with anterior half below posterior end of dorsal fin and posterior half behind dorsal fin, third beginning one to two plates anterior of preadipose plate to about posterior third of adipose-fin membrane, and fourth beginning just posterior to adipose fin to end of caudal peduncle; first and second saddles and usually third connected at median plate series; saddles appear to be formed of two bars each that fuse as specimens get older, and connection between bands form because the ventral sides appear to get darker with age. Ventral surface uniformly light except for the present of blotches from anterior insertion of anal fin to caudal fin, which may or may not be extensions of the saddles onto the ventral surface.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="639830FC3DDAACAF5A6985804E5B0288" pageId="4" pageNumber="101" type="sexual dimorphism">
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<paragraph id="89DD0A0561217DFCC427073DF89C464B" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">Sexual dimorphism.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0DCB38F498AB25947583E2FFEFD58BB1" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">It appears that some of the larger specimens (presumably male) are slightly more hispid, suggesting that nuptial males may develop hypertrophied odontodes on the lateral plates; however, no specimens have hypertrophied odontodes. The larger specimens also have the odontodes on the pectoral-fin spines moderately hypertrophied, which may also be a nuptial male characteristic.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5853D4D9FDFC73CCEB3A5F531C7BCBAD" pageId="4" pageNumber="101" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="02E890E99ED720F6D95B46A3BE66E5C4" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0067C088A6A19373C7697214C3084F83" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">Known only from the type locality in the rio Madeira drainage of Brazil (Fig. 3).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="19BCB831E2B77BCD42B6F7AB6126C88A" pageId="4" pageNumber="101" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="1331682146B4F3E99BF578D23EEF6023" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0F7D4DEA55B30E4F64F84E23A79E5973" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">
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<taxonomicName id="057919C9957A028123AB8D949580BB42" genus="Ephippiata" lsidName="Ephippiata" pageId="4" pageNumber="101" rank="genus">Ephippiata</taxonomicName>
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is Latin for saddled and refers to the presence of saddles in this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0BFE15152CC40CE3EC6B9AB0C8D85D33" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="102" pageId="4" pageNumber="101" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="BC6F4C38D954B540DE42F3028B05B0FB" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E4C4FE635CD850043FB21F617F10B51E" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="102" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">
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Many of the specimens in the type series contain a significant load of larval
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<taxonomicName id="D3370D9F04C2AE999BA4CC4A0B2AB236" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Neascus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neascus" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="102" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<pageBreakToken id="94AEDFD256AE716A69B933F59DCA2942" pageId="5" pageNumber="102" start="start">Neascus</pageBreakToken>
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</taxonomicName>
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-type metacercariae (visible as black spots on the body and fins in Figure 2). This type of trematode burrows in the skin as larvae and the host mounts a response whereby pigment cells surround the cyst, making the cysts black (C. Sunderman and K. Hayden, pers. comm.).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="E61E4B897B421DC7A410E39AB649BE01" pageId="5" pageNumber="102">
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<paragraph id="C8F24EA13DF562429CB2D6754F9122A9" pageId="5" pageNumber="102">
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Figure 2. Dorsal, lateral, and ventral views of holotype of
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|
<taxonomicName id="429FE43863AB9BAAD50B998FADCB677E" family="Loricariidae" genus="Peckoltia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peckoltia ephippiata" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="102" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ephippiata">Peckoltia ephippiata</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., MCP 35627, 101.7 mm SL. Photos by J. W. Armbruster.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |