140 lines
18 KiB
XML
140 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="7D6C8E03653F00601D731682D80E0AAB" ID-CLB-Dataset="25718" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.70.762" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b8fceb5a-9f78-4dc4-8fa2-92fe20bb2c42" ID-PMC="PMC3088446" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-70-1" ID-PubMed="21594041" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2010" ModsDocID="1313-2970-70-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 70" ModsDocTitle="Terrestrial molluscs of Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania, and its status as an “oceanic” island" checkinTime="1451250880545" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Rowson, B, Warren, B. H. & Ngereza, C. F." docDate="2010" docId="4774D0D52F2E501B939CA624EDC0ADEF" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 70: 1-39" docOrigin="ZooKeys 70" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.70.762" docTitle="Gittenedouardia conulina von Martens 1869" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="FFB2FFB6591BFFBAFFFF0472FFE6A56D" masterDocTitle="Terrestrial molluscs of Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania, and its status as an " oceanic " island" masterLastPageNumber="39" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1732674024043" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="EB90819BD0A43842FF2360187C25A3D9">Terrestrial molluscs of Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania, and its status as an " oceanic " island</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2B7B806E5CAD82CCC61B27FBF51D8DE7">Rowson, B</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C4E830F8532E3BB317FD53662DBF0189">Warren, B. H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9B548611A32525F9815A9767B9B13D8F">Ngereza, C. F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:number id="3D36B745EFF93927AEA1F37880F4D770">70</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="FDB627D63D48CAC32FF1984C998A7857" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.70.762</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="4774D0D52F2E501B939CA624EDC0ADEF" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159360808" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4774D0D52F2E501B939CA624EDC0ADEF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4774D0D52F2E501B939CA624EDC0ADEF" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<subSubSection id="6D20D9CB7D1C5E9E5545A34957B01C48" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="0A0FF7A75571192847B94FC420656597" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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7.
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<taxonomicName id="0BE30D20E1CF4AF1B073F772CB65261D" ID-CoL="6KHC2" authority="von Martens, 1869" authorityName="von Martens" authorityYear="1869" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia conulina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conulina">Gittenedouardia conulina (von Martens, 1869)</taxonomicName>
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Fig. 29
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9C461478FE36693090DE11EB0EE4C16A" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="0366D00C3D7F4CEC624B8EC95BE100B9" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName id="A507A526CA71E35EF6C6C5AC7D7A89A3" class="Gastropoda" family="Enidae" genus="Buliminus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Buliminus (Pachnodus)" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pachnodus">Buliminus (Pachnodus)</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="4CFECE7C224A5FE9A1748360E81C4C4E" author="von Martens, KE" journalOrPublisher="Nachrichtsblatt der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="149 - 156" title="Conchylien aus Zanzibar zwischen Sesamsaamen." volume="1" year="1869">von Martens 1869</bibRefCitation>
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: 153
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4A4725B42822DEF1D5F5DB0D8733D6EE" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="notes">
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<paragraph id="E48538E232E83BEFB23718AA8B2EAD66" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6B720D2BE09ED1D7ECC76EFCEF2701B8" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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The name
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<taxonomicName id="4547FB6963C062D62C8A6E350B4DAA49" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Gittenedouardia</taxonomicName>
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Bank & Menkhorst, 2008 recently replaced
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<taxonomicName id="A11253F73FE1A45C0EF69015C8FA72FA" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Edouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Edouardia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Edouardia</taxonomicName>
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auctt. non Gude (
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<bibRefCitation id="B204B67FAA802C8261B666B74D812617" author="Bank, RA" journalOrPublisher="Basteria" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="93 - 110" title="Notes on the nomenclature of some land- and freshwater molluscs of the Seychelles, with consequences for taxa from Africa, Madagascar, India, the Philippines, Jamaica, and Europe." volume="72" year="2008">Bank and Menkhorst 2008</bibRefCitation>
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). The slender-shelled East African species of
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<taxonomicName id="98B44AE5050FBDC354C53AD930ACEA14" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Gittenedouardia</taxonomicName>
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differ subtly in shell proportions. Two of the Pemba shells are large enough to be adult, at 9.8
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<normalizedToken id="7F05D45258D2F50B25528ECEFF67375E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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5.5mm (Fig. 29) and 8.2
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<normalizedToken id="FBB5A0072A08226245C4441CAB4195D7" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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4.1mm. These were compared with photographs of the lectotypes of
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<taxonomicName id="5F54484A252A2DFFAA0026CA93F1D126" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia conulina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conulina">Gittenedouardia conulina</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="ADD87719600765E22728FAE6AF5AB7A7" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia metula" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="metula">Gittenedouardia metula</taxonomicName>
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(von Martens, 1895), and
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<taxonomicName id="1B169B2C8E193594CF5878A3A925CE58" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia sordidula" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sordidula">Gittenedouardia sordidula</taxonomicName>
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(von Martens, 1897) (all in ZMB) and
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<taxonomicName id="3FD5F3097BE7FBBCA8F2B136CD0F6D6E" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia tumida" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tumida">Gittenedouardia tumida</taxonomicName>
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(Taylor, 1877) (in BMNH).
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<taxonomicName id="F0D539317D125BE314FC94CD785C0D78" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia conulina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conulina">Gittenedouardia conulina</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="44C7D47B16988119FCF8FF564F8B8318" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia metula" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="metula">Gittenedouardia metula</taxonomicName>
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appear to be the ends of a shape continuum from slender with less tumid whorls (conulina) to broad with tumid whorls (metula). The Pemba shells,
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<taxonomicName id="4B392492F546AA015C26CFE392CADA90" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia sordidula" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sordidula">Gittenedouardia sordidula</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="99781779A55AFB20E942D79EA60D7024" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia tumida" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tumida">Gittenedouardia tumida</taxonomicName>
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, the other shells in the
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<taxonomicName id="1268752CC062D48FE5B5AD4D21EA2249" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia tumida" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tumida">Gittenedouardia tumida</taxonomicName>
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type lot (see
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<bibRefCitation id="8E488E4F864827F45733B271021DBAB8" author="Rowson, B" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Conchology" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="425 - 466" title="Land molluscs of Zanzibar Island (Unguja), Tanzania with the description of a new species of Gulella (Pulmonata: Streptaxidae)." volume="39" year="2007">Rowson 2007</bibRefCitation>
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, p.434), and probably
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<taxonomicName id="47773AF816968BD830D8D6F5C6C5EB40" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia metuloides" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="metuloides">Gittenedouardia metuloides</taxonomicName>
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(E. A. Smith, 1899) of Malawi and southern Africa, are each somewhere in the middle. A similar species is recorded from Aldabra (as
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<taxonomicName id="311B5684BEEA094C30AFE8719D577B7E" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Edouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Edouardia cf subsp. tumida" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="cf" subSpecies="tumida">Edouardia cf. tumida</taxonomicName>
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="9CD2258813A2E0E576B67A03E63D8460" author="Gerlach, J" journalOrPublisher="Backhuys, Leiden, The Netherlands" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" title="Terrestrial and freshwater Mollusca of the Seychelles islands" year="2006 b">Gerlach 2006b</bibRefCitation>
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) and the Comoros
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<taxonomicName id="D44052D3C7B9C40B1A4BB1BBAC35D67C" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Bulimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bulimus badiolus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="badiolus">Bulimus badiolus</taxonomicName>
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Morelet, 1881 also appears to belong to this group. This merits more detailed analysis but for now we associate the Pemba species with
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<taxonomicName id="8BA4708078DB3F9B431A8899E257E83F" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia conulina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conulina">Gittenedouardia conulina</taxonomicName>
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. This happens to be both the only species previously recorded from Pemba and the oldest available name. It was noted on Pemba by
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<bibRefCitation id="52592A26E4AA54DE8A734A237DD8E8EE" author="Voeltzkow, A" journalOrPublisher="Witu-Inseln und Zanzibar-Archipel. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" title="Reise in Ostafrika in den Jahren 1903 - 1905. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse" year="1923">Voeltzkow (1923)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="6646950F3C3A7DD4AA1D608AC081D578" author="Haas, F" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Jahrbuecher" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="387 - 430" title="Die Binnenmollusken der Voeltzkow'schen Reisen in Ostafrika und den ostafrikanischen Inseln" volume="57" year="1929">Haas (1929)</bibRefCitation>
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as
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<taxonomicName id="8F4C4B918ABB99D4BD96BA6A48D3AC22" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Conulinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Conulinus conulinus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conulinus">Conulinus conulinus</taxonomicName>
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(von Martens)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E7A2406B64637F7A9ACE5716BCE41C01" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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Rowson (2007, p.433-434, 454-455) considered
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<taxonomicName id="B6257749527B30F7074EC67D24F24D4F" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia conulina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conulina">Gittenedouardia conulina</taxonomicName>
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one of the few taxa recorded from both Unguja and Pemba, but not the mainland. Given the tax
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<pageBreakToken id="BFA20F48B1B0EFA0CEDDA9A24AA69F8A" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" start="start">onomic</pageBreakToken>
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problem this is of little biogeographic significance. Regrettably the confusion in this group may have been added to by contradictorily illustrating
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<taxonomicName id="B4084CA1F791ABE8008C80AAB20B7A71" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia conulina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conulina">Gittenedouardia conulina</taxonomicName>
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with a specimen from the mainland (Kilifi, Kenya) (
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<bibRefCitation id="9C9A8E56943D8E9AD7455377013A8ED1" author="Rowson, B" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Conchology" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="425 - 466" title="Land molluscs of Zanzibar Island (Unguja), Tanzania with the description of a new species of Gulella (Pulmonata: Streptaxidae)." volume="39" year="2007">Rowson 2007</bibRefCitation>
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: Fig. 27). This bleached
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<normalizedToken id="D00C708F7419FC7D24BE3348A110A4DC" originalValue="specimen’s">specimen's</normalizedToken>
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identification (by the late T. Pain) as "
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<taxonomicName id="70115D03E54C987712C101DEEBBE2424" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Cerastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cerastus conulinus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conulinus">Cerastus conulinus</taxonomicName>
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(Mts.)" was taken at face value, but it is too large (16.1mm) to be either
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<taxonomicName id="31AFFFB7EEEC951CC5F94873F6A55005" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia conulina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conulina">Gittenedouardia conulina</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName id="404943E9D029DE40E009C6DDAA49347B" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia sordidula" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sordidula">Gittenedouardia sordidula</taxonomicName>
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. The name sordidula was introduced by
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<bibRefCitation id="BA43657C2776AC4EF48894CD06CDA215" author="von Martens, KE" editor="Stuhlmann, F" journalOrPublisher="Dietrich Reimer, Berlin" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" title="Beschalte Weichthiere Deutsch-Ost-Afrikas" volumeTitle="Deutsch-Ost-Afrika" year="1897">von Martens (1897)</bibRefCitation>
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to replace the homonym conulinus von Martens, 1878 (not von Martens, 1869) after having used the name conulinus for what he later considered two separate species in the same genus. As stated above, we consider the lectotypes of these two species, conulina and sordidula to be very similar, but the drawings in
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<bibRefCitation id="1B8743D9DC5FF1420852327C504CBADB" author="von Martens, KE" editor="Stuhlmann, F" journalOrPublisher="Dietrich Reimer, Berlin" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" title="Beschalte Weichthiere Deutsch-Ost-Afrikas" volumeTitle="Deutsch-Ost-Afrika" year="1897">von Martens (1897)</bibRefCitation>
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rather emphasise the differences which may have helped to mislead Pain. However, whichever species the Kilifi specimen represents, it is not one recorded from Unguja or Pemba.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |