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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="100335" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3fc6193c-cd79-4419-a24e-7c5545e0bd30" ID-PMC="PMC9848802" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1113-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="EB46BF265F2E51B3A83799886C5F084A" ID-PubMed="36762231" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1113-1" checkinTime="1658252710949" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bribiesca-Contreras, Guadalupe, Dahlgren, Thomas G., Amon, Diva J., Cairns, Stephen, Drennan, Regan, Durden, Jennifer M., Eleaume, Marc P., Hosie, Andrew M., Kremenetskaia, Antonina, McQuaid, Kirsty, O'Hara, Timothy D., Rabone, Muriel, Simon-Lledo, Erik, Smith, Craig R., Watling, Les, Wiklund, Helena &amp; Glover, Adrian G." docDate="2022" docId="449B3905CEB558B492A71847091A9897" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1113: 1-110" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1113" docPubDate="2022-07-18" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172" docTitle="Holascus stet. CCZ _ 078" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="EB46BF265F2E51B3A83799886C5F084A" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="EB46BF265F2E51B3A83799886C5F084A" masterDocTitle="Benthic megafauna of the western Clarion-Clipperton Zone, Pacific Ocean" masterLastPageNumber="110" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732669336981" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="1E85C729FB4DEB1162B5B50EA958DC0E">Benthic megafauna of the western Clarion-Clipperton Zone, Pacific Ocean</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C4792D0A8C10C8AD384CCA14A4D6DE24">Bribiesca-Contreras, Guadalupe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A38B81F3129A34EB66409E7AC3A0C5B1">Life Sciences Department, Natural History Museum, London, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="57DC2F2E25A1250D91F988A6461133AE">Dahlgren, Thomas G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2C85092D1FBD41A1F94F6448D0A0131D" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6854-2031</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="E83E90ED833A97933E2D69314A805E80">Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden &amp; Norwegian Research Centre, NORCE, Bergen, Norway</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="7A0E9D07393E3096069573957A6D6AAA">Amon, Diva J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B29550E3A3850374C0526F161901A942">SpeSeas, D'Abadie, Trinidad and Tobago</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C88F90042DC168A7D33F5F52D83F4CE0">Cairns, Stephen</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="00B1C0006F8EBAE0CFAFD46F1B1942DE" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7209-9271</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="7EC8F99FBBB448B94C8A27CC1874D9B5">Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C., USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DC997EBCD7D1395EE466D98356FEA31B">Drennan, Regan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6BDC89786233BA3F6FA04E6B76334CD9" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0137-5464</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="99319F0D5515383FD5B0B27F2DBC37D7">National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="287C4F12E130E79CDBBD44FB94E5FAE3">Durden, Jennifer M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C79B3C3A1779EE82C9F2C439637B4715" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6529-9109</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="8BE21D7E54B4F92912CCAA851F0D4DB6">UMR ISYEB, Department Origines et Evolution, Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8C576B1E226AA26E363D19511A75ED6A">Eleaume, Marc P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B3087360F48B8460ABA8CD455C1B3944">Collections &amp; Research, Western Australia Museum, Perth, Australia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="BB3A47BFF749483CA860B37413BDDB20">
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<mods:namePart id="A40C67E2A1F1B58BD292105C00566535">Hosie, Andrew M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B88CEA1C1A0622316681071C9E55EB8F" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5683-662X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="DEDB3D9A3644FDF24E4AA1B36E41A0EF">Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F284503319881A6939D73C1995A2F146">Kremenetskaia, Antonina</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="44AACC503C911DD35F86B05D3E91361E" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8851-3318</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="126BAFD81788FB2DD49A0FE9A38EFA50">School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="82C5744FDA75C50C6DCD29AEFA2E5305" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5149CD86482E9D4ADB0FF5B06E498D2E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="410EFDCFE7ED56B350A9012C7DF5D69D">McQuaid, Kirsty</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B14378CE2ACAAE98459A5D146D31A8E1" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0395-8332</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="062792560C3DBD5800064ED0B15A3074">Museums Victoria, Melbourne, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="94BFCA77E204A161547EB302E10D01BA">O'Hara, Timothy D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="03BA002794D95D6CE47D5EF5C71DC369">Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="463CE26FDA4481FA4BBF80AD65E68FA6">Rabone, Muriel</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="31C5C7A01455A50C15623F8D0AE177A0" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8351-2313</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="EB00E6F5D19CD4ACC9BC17444C609AA1">National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="CF5AE865DA537BE7692DD37780F32FDC">
<mods:roleTerm id="FA2B3A872ACCDA1FC69BDB78E6ED0435">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="DC82AE9157A2DFCE2DF60A371A41792A">Simon-Lledo, Erik</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4DBC95E048E824CC214D71D834BF9D54">UMR ISYEB, Department Origines et Evolution, Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B446502F9EE32316DF1B8B01178D1E35">Smith, Craig R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8470393E908C19ABFAE8C21DF5F3A418" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3976-0889</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="4E7641C0B0A3BF1B4F1EAC4A9744F9A0">School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="CC3225604D990EE39E723C23C4F45782">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C62261E52CE67762824C50A269334D23">Watling, Les</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="74624300C99FFE0A757B3E5EA7537046" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6901-1168</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="643848F1974F29B868566D821C287C1D">School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="A62237439323854BFFB192FFCDC14BAC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5F44ECA576163CD6172C445B900033AA">Wiklund, Helena</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C2A018C4C6DBEAE6BD7DBC37E0D8B7FF" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8252-3504</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="8E742AE64921818FF07A32DC46DD947D">Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="740304AD4BC63089182E765FE5E504A2" type="personal">
<mods:role id="ED0D25395C8A5B678BBEFFBD9B820AF1">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="149B789376F10E2E0FBF237D0EE72FCB">Glover, Adrian G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="44E49591CEFCAEEE093CA7A2B5E37F78" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9489-074X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="59E727D390E289AB493A8B9B2B00A51D">National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B4F726EBC7511DB89AAECFF237D9950D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="380243D1AC2C9EDEDEEFE6CFB07A4C21">
<mods:title id="62A6988E160D685618A515F39258C944">ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="6DD97D265FDFC842C862A5FD25D6D610">
<mods:date id="E739110D75A5F422B2386FB687A29BDA">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="C36EEED5EAB7023E333437DFAFB1DC9C" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="6859ACAE27072F157E31E22732E54303">2022-07-18</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="B08738CB0E498F48B2DB98BF07F3297D" type="volume">
<mods:number id="C1FF7D2E4C8DB3AF0E68592169C1B83F">1113</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="178CF27A9B05FBB20EF516D44C819454" unit="page">
<mods:start id="09074DD11F16100EE3982D485E62BC25">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="746841DD7CEE4698EC782A1337939808">110</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="C7857F03B48F54E4602F1CC3537C307F">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="9D69BE1E4F1F8461F774A36CF6DA0F40">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="69CB0D1CB1217F8567993DD2EEE6E1C3" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="886B776B0754778342307FA69D5BE564" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1113-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="36C9D20BC0E64DC0850B95EED67C0983" type="Pensoft-UUID">EB46BF265F2E51B3A83799886C5F084A</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="449B3905CEB558B492A71847091A9897" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197823817" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:449B3905CEB558B492A71847091A9897" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/449B3905CEB558B492A71847091A9897" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_class="Polychaeta" scope_family="Aphroditidae" scope_order="Phyllodocida" scope_phylum="Annelida" scope_subOrder="Aphroditiformia">
<subSubSection id="693A9BCDE6BE930AEC7E075AF5EEC1C8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="56A7BEE67449BCE602B5B277D55EE154" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="83450C77186861F6E90883BFB0F1D575" ID-CoL="84P5R" LSID="449B3905-CEB5-58B4-92A7-1847091A9897" authority="stet. CCZ _ 078" authorityName="stet. CCZ _ 078" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Holascus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holascus" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Holascus stet. CCZ_078</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AD6D9A96FFBAADA11FAA18538079BBA0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="9A3023FD37879FB024A2C62F8ACD6424" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation id="AA65BBFDCE7E5C528F7F26886878DB59" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 59. Holascus stet. CCZ _ 078 A in situ image B lateral view of specimen before preservation C top view. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 1 cm (B). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716385" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 59</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3D4AB06C652E36F6893EB94CCE834415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="DBD7954748B3B9426B678521F07E7302" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B6B8F7435CAF3BC0A66007B7DC377663" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation id="EE3ADDC8C4837DAAD14FBB00E778C029" accessionNumber="ON400700, ON406636, ON406613, ON406599, ON411256" collectingDate="2018-05-28" collectorName="Smith, Durden, GenBank" elevation="48745" latitude="5.0443" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-141.8162" specimenCount="1">
Clarion-Clipperton Zone •
<specimenCount id="A4FF837879A241DBCEC2AF8408071B3E" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
; APEI 7;
<geoCoordinate id="B294A662598B3EDEEF531F881EED5B9A" degrees="5.0443" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="5.0443">5.0443°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="43B3DE772165921B52198FD0022A25FF" degrees="141.8162" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-141.8162">141.8162°W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="C9380860FD90B05DD9679C671E787661" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.874499999999999" unit="m" value="48745.0">
<elevation id="779944C6DEAC253447396F7ABDCFBFC2" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.874499999999999" unit="m" value="48745.0">48745 m</elevation>
</quantity>
deep;
<collectingDate id="15750A47A58B8856CE32CFB78AB433C2" value="2018-05-28">28 May. 2018</collectingDate>
;
<collectorName id="CE54A637279E255CA84C4393D34AE2F4">Smith</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="5C050CE73276C96635A01955072BB4E0">Durden</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectorName id="A72876539FF717FED01C1546DC0F1410">GenBank</collectorName>
:
<accessionNumber id="4BE5C729A74A79CB3CB39F365F47910D" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/ON400700">ON400700</accessionNumber>
(COI),
<accessionNumber id="6452026F5A7DCDF634F50674AF94594E" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/ON406636">ON406636</accessionNumber>
(18S),
<accessionNumber id="37BA1FF4FE4E41325DEA93E267F5D256" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/ON406613">ON406613</accessionNumber>
(16S),
<accessionNumber id="B274638754D2C4246301BC2826EC51C4" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/ON406599">ON406599</accessionNumber>
(28S),
<accessionNumber id="42DBFBBCD40349A2B838CC4BE569AA20" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/ON411256">ON411256</accessionNumber>
(ALG11); NHMUK 2022.7; CCZ_078
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D1D4BEF59E048DEEBF8F857D8E3703B5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="3883D4389DBA6716B928DD8D0D6B592E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F68E591021867976F0FB7E92E75DE03A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Single specimen; lophophytous white sponge (Fig.
<figureCitation id="58D2AAFA42B01383A1F63803CBB1C3D5" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 59. Holascus stet. CCZ _ 078 A in situ image B lateral view of specimen before preservation C top view. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 1 cm (B). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716385" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">59A</figureCitation>
). Band-like body, collar formed from thin wall with two large openings, with lower opening being larger than upper opening (Fig.
<figureCitation id="544EE3574D3E8FD704B2577583B49050" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 59. Holascus stet. CCZ _ 078 A in situ image B lateral view of specimen before preservation C top view. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 1 cm (B). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716385" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">59B, C</figureCitation>
). Body height of 4.8 cm, lower body diameter of 15.1 cm, and upper body diameter of 11.8 cm. basalia almost as long as the body height, protruding from the lower margin and anchoring it to the sediment (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F543257C06F7DDFE48C3EAB5B143A42F" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 59. Holascus stet. CCZ _ 078 A in situ image B lateral view of specimen before preservation C top view. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 1 cm (B). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716385" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">59A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="83F0E6B383672D5A9597FF1AC26332AB" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716385" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 59" startId="F59">
<paragraph id="6EAAE3B8EF3F8AB57F2CC172FFE65B18" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="8C3A1ED7BA2F569C1B26CDB55217836C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 59.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B4745208390496EF31CB18115938E831" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Holascus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holascus" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3BAFCBC8B88FDA9608FA4ADE08D8CA1D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holascus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
stet. CCZ_078
<emphasis id="29A4B9E26EFA33EBCC3F829727D4AD1D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
in situ image
<emphasis id="6DCC6D20F0014935C72E020E6106269D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
lateral view of specimen before preservation
<emphasis id="8BF78E4998B4C3DE5B6E3AEACF46CCD3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
top view. Scale bars: 2 cm (
<emphasis id="5818452A31954743C4B289E4208EF28D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
); 1 cm (
<emphasis id="1299DCFFC39CE076533D025CB069B568" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (
<emphasis id="E8CC1804166F5B6E23BE6063E3A5A682" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (
<emphasis id="87E46BBA306DB93E2606F1CA96BF504E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, C</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8B7354750B26481C913DD9A7302E246A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="F5A88ABFB5F874365D693242230216A1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ACC4C9A3CFEC8694BB5D7963116CEC75" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Morphological external characters are concordant with the description of
<taxonomicName id="476D434DDAFDD8B314BCA98D0F2D9DDD" authorityName="Kersken, Janussen &amp; Martinez Arbizu" authorityYear="2019" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Holascus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holascus spinosus" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinosus">
<emphasis id="2E8300FE99162D95CD7863644A3512D4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holascus spinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kersken, Janussen &amp;
<normalizedToken id="F936E66AF011E2DA5654AC952FF65AB3" originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
Arbizu, 2019, which was described from the IOM area in the CCZ. The closest genetic matches on GenBank for the 16S correspond to species within the genus
<taxonomicName id="FEE17DB537AC79DEA6DB2222E99D1AA8" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Holascus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holascus" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="23B3238BDDEAFBF32F3795E1D4497D5C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holascus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(2.1-3.5% genetic divergence), with the holotype of
<taxonomicName id="D7E0842204FE42B22EDEA071B6D4CA80" authorityName="Kersken, Janussen &amp; Martinez Arbizu" authorityYear="2019" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Holascus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holascus spinosus" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinosus">
<emphasis id="6FC18B7289BEA5C16760BD6A2A350CFB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holascus spinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
being the closest match (2.1% genetic divergence). There are no 18S sequences available for
<taxonomicName id="3C01EC3EA4D10B3C6FCC0DE12F122866" lsidName="H. spinosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="spinosus">
<emphasis id="08F10533787A87BDFD0100666848A1A5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. spinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but it is 0.23% divergent from another species within the genus,
<taxonomicName id="FA8E1C8706D1FACAE3B8F029B6C9739B" lsidName="H. euonyx" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="euonyx">
<emphasis id="B1E0EC3570A3BA9695E0139B167A08CD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. euonyx</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Lendenfeld, 1915), from which it differs morphologically. In the phylogenetic tree it was recovered, with low support, as sister to
<taxonomicName id="B57DCC4156E98C27AE5324FF62770AFB" lsidName="H. spinosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="spinosus">
<emphasis id="BC016707894CCAFA67A2AC6363A222AF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. spinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="D3044511E12E9D63F55EF46E31F34E24" captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Phylogenetic tree of Hexactinellida. Concatenated (16 S, 18 S, 28 S, and COI) median consensus BEAST tree with posterior probability (PP) and bootstrap (BS) values indicated. Only values of PP&gt; 0.70 and BS&gt; 50 are shown, with values of PP&gt; 0.95 and BS&gt; 90 indicated with a circle. Nodes not recovered on the RAxML tree are indicated with a hyphen. Sequences generated in this study are highlighted in violet." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716380" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54</figureCitation>
), but 16S genetic divergence suggested these to be separate species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C93A49C160075272DDDC4B6B9C7B3C8F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
<paragraph id="EA5011729C03AF8CA052C9FF9CCCFDC3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A7515893C7A351575DDCDA35B02F3C54" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">This specimen was found anchored to abyssal sediments of APEI 7 at 4874 m depth.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E7940BCA28F8CB98ABF7F811BBE8DC46" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="comparisons">
<paragraph id="14A23BE155A9C4DF78BDEA57BD3BCB6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comparison with image-based catalogue.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="74DFBB2E68A33043C3E9CC1CF6943A1F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
A very similar
<taxonomicName id="FF1184E71A98EB2FB374A59AF630FD11" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Holascus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holascus" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2B2E3720D332041E6C61F2EA4E37493B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holascus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. morphotype (i.e.,
<taxonomicName id="5DD7336233E85EDECC99DCBC5B25EC75" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Holascus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holascus" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3D870F6E31C6CD39E0218F2349E073E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holascus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. indet., HEX_014) has been commonly encountered in seabed image surveys conducted across nodule fields areas of the eastern CCZ and in abyssal areas of the Kiribati EEZ.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2CF94391F37684EE879B732E56C32911" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="C515FAB0D053416FCAD6E0AD1EE982CE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Subfamily
<taxonomicName id="06F8635A78B6C48431AAB79915829E92" authorityName="Tabachnick" authorityYear="2002" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Bolosominae">Bolosominae</taxonomicName>
Tabachnick, 2002
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="91A1FC60D941DD3801A8FB7C9607DA49" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="3456045C9D88B9BCDD04D61C0F4E5254" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="CBFB767AF8DC74172BDD8C3262D65EA5" authorityName="Tabachnick" authorityYear="2002" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Bolosominae">Bolosominae</taxonomicName>
stet. CCZ_198
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1058DA2A14E54D7A615FDD318456687A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Fig.
<figureCitation id="7C7CDFC9C51776D5986D198898EA274B" captionStart="Figure 60" captionStartId="F60" captionText="Figure 60. Bolosominae stet. CCZ _ 198 A, C in situ images B specimen before preservation. Scale bars: 5 cm (A, C). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A, C); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (B)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure60" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716386" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">60</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE7D3B9647F6ED0124BBFF0A3A4CD8AE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="4F23E73329BAD4F1E0D6EFA1C406EABF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material.</emphasis>
Clarion-Clipperton Zone • 1 specimen; APEI 1;
<geoCoordinate id="F5F7AC32E2FDCB85CF37A98B059B33F0" degrees="11.2518" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="11.2518">11.2518°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="916CE466A0F845A1DD54C7C80B99072E" degrees="153.6053" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-153.6053">153.6053°W</geoCoordinate>
; 5205 m deep; 10 Jun. 2018; Smith &amp; Durden leg.; GenBank: ON400728 (COI), ON406637 (18S), ON406614 (16S), ON406600 (28S); NHMUK 2022.10; Voucher code: CCZ_198.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DDBF0746604B3E51A20DF4812C8CFC4C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="2FCE07D877089C4A7026F48CAC6664F5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</emphasis>
Single specimen; lophophytous white sponge (Fig.
<figureCitation id="1D65625BD937D22CC008F88806D573B3" captionStart="Figure 60" captionStartId="F60" captionText="Figure 60. Bolosominae stet. CCZ _ 198 A, C in situ images B specimen before preservation. Scale bars: 5 cm (A, C). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A, C); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (B)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure60" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716386" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">60A, B</figureCitation>
). Body is cup- to bell-shaped, slightly wider than long (L = 10 cm, W = 11 cm), with a long, slender stalk (L = 70 cm) anchored to soft sediment. Central osculum with thick body walls.
</paragraph>
<caption id="F8ECE1576625323D24D2E6B23A188B2A" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure60" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716386" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 60" startId="F60">
<paragraph id="3E23832711F8B98A3D9D90B48E61FFC0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="09667EB1A28352DEF272A618079B6071" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 60.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E84F7C580E6A04C41C16026D6D494927" authorityName="Tabachnick" authorityYear="2002" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Bolosominae">Bolosominae</taxonomicName>
stet. CCZ_198
<emphasis id="5F9D456317233225EB7C83B24EF57C18" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, C</emphasis>
in situ images
<emphasis id="EA613ACD4D5604CEDB81A8189A0D5E28" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
specimen before preservation. Scale bars: 5 cm (
<emphasis id="2286BE18940E0F3284E6AA60BD0448F7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, C</emphasis>
). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (
<emphasis id="12882CE8D7642642284AC2F6A5B082BF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, C</emphasis>
); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (
<emphasis id="C9734169160EE5126F71A1DBB17ACDC9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="C9F8D80008EF5190F6DD61129028B191" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="05368A564C6B87D04456CDF5192898F6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</emphasis>
The closest match with the 18S sequence is the holotype of
<taxonomicName id="6E50A0AFADC2EC8E5C9A5A14F950F693" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Hyalostylus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyalostylus microfloricomus" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="microfloricomus">
<emphasis id="E1F60AEC1BBAD764BCB535C69E29270E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hyalostylus microfloricomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kersken, Janussen &amp;
<normalizedToken id="AA4299DD01874094101EC021E34EB686" originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
Arbizu, 2019 (99.8%), described from the Heip Mountains in the GSR contract area in the CCZ at 3788 m depth (
<bibRefCitation id="75C74EF147CB9B2464FB385B18B8CF52" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-018-0880-y" author="Kersken, D" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biodiversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="947 - 987" refId="B55" refString="Kersken, D, Janussen, D, Arbizu, PM, 2019. Deep-sea glass sponges (Hexactinellida) from polymetallic nodule fields in the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone (CCFZ), northeastern Pacific: Part II- Hexasterophora. Marine Biodiversity 49 (2): 947 - 987, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-018-0880-y" title="Deep-sea glass sponges (Hexactinellida) from polymetallic nodule fields in the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone (CCFZ), northeastern Pacific: Part II- Hexasterophora." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-018-0880-y" volume="49" year="2019">Kersken et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
). However, in the phylogenetic tree (Fig.
<figureCitation id="0592B377C3F8C0A60A3D58A824E53E91" captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Phylogenetic tree of Hexactinellida. Concatenated (16 S, 18 S, 28 S, and COI) median consensus BEAST tree with posterior probability (PP) and bootstrap (BS) values indicated. Only values of PP&gt; 0.70 and BS&gt; 50 are shown, with values of PP&gt; 0.95 and BS&gt; 90 indicated with a circle. Nodes not recovered on the RAxML tree are indicated with a hyphen. Sequences generated in this study are highlighted in violet." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716380" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54</figureCitation>
) it was recovered in a well-supported clade representing the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="8C560D894C0842FBF07E8E04B3A016D5" authorityName="Tabachnick" authorityYear="2002" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Bolosominae">Bolosominae</taxonomicName>
, but subclades were not well supported and hence the specimen is not attributed to any genera.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EC28AACB08CDCBABC90877FD49093898" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="EA4BD7B0F911B4EB68D7FF18ABD0D2C5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology.</emphasis>
This specimen was collected on abyssal sediments of APEI 1 at 5205 m depth, and was anchored to the sediment.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="12708AE55D5747E867024733FB604D44" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="DBC23AAC1B25DD0D12CA84100E30289B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comparison with image-based catalogue.</emphasis>
A very similar stalked sponge morphotype (i.e.,
<taxonomicName id="CB6B482ADCFEF251122946B2C8CB7998" class="Hexactinellidae" family="Hexactinellidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Hexactinellidae</taxonomicName>
ord. indet., HEX_026) has been encountered in seabed image surveys conducted at the eastern CCZ, but not in abyssal areas of
<normalizedToken id="61A74E3F7A25507E61004F301DB0530F" originalValue="Kiribati’s">Kiribati's</normalizedToken>
EEZ. In seabed images, HEX_026 highly resembles
<taxonomicName id="85C16E49FE1E37B2F38546EE63E3A654" authorityName="Lendenfeld" authorityYear="1915" class="Hexactinellida" family="Hyalonematidae" genus="Hyalonema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyalonema (Cyliconemaoida) campanula" order="Sceptrulophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="campanula" subGenus="Cyliconemaoida">Hyalonema (Cyliconemaoida) campanula</taxonomicName>
Lendenfeld, 1915, as identified by
<bibRefCitation id="8A3E318F67F981B37C5A7B55741B7E6F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-018-0880-y" author="Kersken, D" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biodiversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="947 - 987" refId="B55" refString="Kersken, D, Janussen, D, Arbizu, PM, 2019. Deep-sea glass sponges (Hexactinellida) from polymetallic nodule fields in the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone (CCFZ), northeastern Pacific: Part II- Hexasterophora. Marine Biodiversity 49 (2): 947 - 987, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-018-0880-y" title="Deep-sea glass sponges (Hexactinellida) from polymetallic nodule fields in the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone (CCFZ), northeastern Pacific: Part II- Hexasterophora." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-018-0880-y" volume="49" year="2019">Kersken et al. (2019)</bibRefCitation>
based on morphological traits observed in specimens encountered in the eastern CCZ.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="323872289081DB0C3B863B6A6A68DCEB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="218BFD21893E40C80C6C1770DF647832" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Order
<taxonomicName id="9468780A0CDE585A5862F0EA58A551F8" class="Hexactinellida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Sceptrulophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Porifera" rank="order">Sceptrulophora</taxonomicName>
Mehl, 1992
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7EB424E162CE16FEA5D7E633D469E8AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="17A4465CBAC4DAFF937FAA49531CC274" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Family
<taxonomicName id="13D9872DC702DE97F4C685A94C9DD0B8" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euretidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Sceptrulophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Euretidae</taxonomicName>
Zittel, 1877
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DD520262D9B16EAB0E35837EC5BEB2E6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="A00DB646D87A7EA611BF29F5C35E1083" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Subfamily
<taxonomicName id="51AEC0E0585CE8DC71920D97BDDB19DC" authorityName="Schrammen" authorityYear="1912" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Chonelasmatinae">Chonelasmatinae</taxonomicName>
Schrammen, 1912
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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