162 lines
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162 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.161.2016" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f159f91c-20c8-43ce-8294-bfcb4e46d3dd" ID-PMC="PMC3267475" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-161-1" ID-PubMed="22303122" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-161-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 161" ModsDocTitle="Revision of New World Species of the Shore-fly Subgenus Allotrichoma Becker of the Genus Allotrichoma with Description of the Subgenus Neotrichoma (Diptera, Ephydridae, Hecamedini)" checkinTime="1451249415532" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Mathis, Wayne N. & Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz" docDate="2012" docId="4479BA09F00344F0D532400EA05F2A9C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 161: 1-101" docOrigin="ZooKeys 161" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.161.2016" docTitle="Allotrichoma Becker" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="FFECE426FFFF1A2FFFB5FFD73802FFA7" masterDocTitle="Revision of New World Species of the Shore-fly Subgenus Allotrichoma Becker of the Genus Allotrichoma with Description of the Subgenus Neotrichoma (Diptera, Ephydridae, Hecamedini)" masterLastPageNumber="101" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1668153118762" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of New World Species of the Shore-fly Subgenus Allotrichoma Becker of the Genus Allotrichoma with Description of the Subgenus Neotrichoma (Diptera, Ephydridae, Hecamedini)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mathis, Wayne N.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>161</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>101</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.161.2016</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.161.2016</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-161-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032890" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4479BA09F00344F0D532400EA05F2A9C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4479BA09F00344F0D532400EA05F2A9C" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Allotrichoma" authority="Becker" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma Becker</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Becker, Th" journalOrPublisher="Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="91 - 276" title="Dipterologische Studien IV. Ephydridae." volume="41" year="1896">Becker 1896</bibRefCitation>
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: 121 [type species:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede lateralis" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lateralis">Hecamede lateralis</taxonomicName>
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Loew, by original designation]; 1926: 19 [revision, Palearctic species].
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<bibRefCitation author="Aldrich, JM" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution, Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 680" title="A catalogue of North American Diptera (or two-winged flies)." volume="46" year="1905">Aldrich 1905</bibRefCitation>
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: 624 [Nearctic catalog].
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<bibRefCitation author="Jones, BJ" journalOrPublisher="University of California Publications in Entomology" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="153 - 198" title="Catalogue of the Ephydridae, with bibliography and description of new species." volume="1" year="1906">Jones 1906</bibRefCitation>
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: 181 [catalog].
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<bibRefCitation pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Williston 1908</bibRefCitation>
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: 307 [generic key].
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<bibRefCitation author="Hendel, F" journalOrPublisher="Konowia" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="127 - 155" title="Die Ausbeute der deutschen Chaco-Expedition 1925 / 26. Diptera. XIX. Ephydridae." volume="9" year="1930">Hendel 1930</bibRefCitation>
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: 135-136 [comparison with
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hecamede</taxonomicName>
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]; 1936: 102, 104 [comparison with
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
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].
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<bibRefCitation author="Cresson, ET Jr" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the American Entomological Society" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="101 - 128" title="Synopses of North American Ephydridae (Diptera) I. The subfamily Psilopinae, with descriptions of new species." volume="68" year="1942">Cresson 1942</bibRefCitation>
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: 108-109 [review of Nearctic fauna].
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<bibRefCitation pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Wirth and Stone 1956</bibRefCitation>
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: 467 [species, California].
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<bibRefCitation pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Wirth 1965</bibRefCitation>
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: 736 [Nearctic catalog]; 1968: 5 [Neotropical catalog].
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<bibRefCitation pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Cole 1969</bibRefCitation>
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: 397 [discussion, species of western United States].
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<bibRefCitation author="Mathis, WN" journalOrPublisher="Israel Journal of Entomology" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="127 - 139" title="A revision of the subgenus Eremotrichoma Soika of the shore fly genus Allotrichoma Becker (Diptera, Ephydridae)." volume="19" year="1986 a">Mathis 1986a</bibRefCitation>
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: 129-130 [description];
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<bibRefCitation pageId="16" pageNumber="17">1991</bibRefCitation>
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: 6 [description and discussion].
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<bibRefCitation pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995</bibRefCitation>
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: 149-156 [world catalog].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
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is distinguished from other genera of the tribe
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini</taxonomicName>
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by the following combination of characters: small to moderately small shore flies, body length 1.15-2.95 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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Head: Wider than high in anterior view; frons wider than high, entirely and mostly densely microtomentose, with vestiture of mesofrons undifferentiated except by color; ocellar setae lacking; 1 well-developed pair of intrafrontal setae inserted in front of anterior ocellus; a reclinate fronto-orbital seta and a proclinate fronto-orbital seta present, reclinate seta inserted slightly anteromediad of proclinate seta; pseudopostocellar setae present, usually well developed; both inner and outer vertical setae present; ocelli in isosceles triangle, with distance between posterior pair slightly larger than between anterior ocellus and either posterior ocellus. Antenna exerted; aristal length subequal to antennal length and bearing 4-6 dorsal rays, with basal 3-4 rays longer than apical 1-2, subequal. Eye apparently bare of microsetulae (using stereomicroscope). Face with dorsal
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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-3/4 carinate between antennae; ventral margins curved inward laterally making oral margin narrow, width subequal to narrowest distance between eyes, anterior margin shallowly emarginate; bearing 2 facial setae, the dorsal one very slightly larger, both inserted near parafacials; labella broad, fleshy, shorter than mediproboscis.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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Thorax: Dorsal portion of anepisternum darker colored than medial portion, frequently concolorous with dorsal coloration of scutum, these areas separated by lighter colored band through postpronotal and notopleural areas; chaetotaxy conspicuous, setae dark colored, arranged in well-defined setal tracks as follows: acrostichal setulae in 4 rows, 2 medial rows better developed, 2 lateral rows attenuated anteriorly; dorsocentral track terminated posteriorly with larger seta; intra-alar setulae irregularly seriated; 1 postpronotal seta; 1 postalar seta; 2 scutellar setae and with sparse, scattered
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<pageBreakToken pageId="17" pageNumber="18" start="start">setulae</pageBreakToken>
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on scutellar disc; 2 notopleural setae, insertion of posterior one elevated dorsally above anterior one; 2 anepisternal setae along posterior margin. Wing with vein R2+3 extended beyond level of crossvein dm-cu, 2nd costal section at least 1.5X longer than 3rd section.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Abdomen: Fifth tergite of male not visible from a dorsal view, telescoped within 4th.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="natural history">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Natural History.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Adults generally feed on nectar from different flowering-plant species and oviposit upon various kinds of decomposing organisms and excrement (Deonier, in litt.).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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The precedent of an enlarged concept of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
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, including
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Pseudohecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudohecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pseudohecamede</taxonomicName>
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Hendel as a subgenus (
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<bibRefCitation author="Mathis, WN" journalOrPublisher="Israel Journal of Entomology" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="127 - 139" title="A revision of the subgenus Eremotrichoma Soika of the shore fly genus Allotrichoma Becker (Diptera, Ephydridae)." volume="19" year="1986 a">Mathis 1986a</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Mathis, WN" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="334 - 337" title="First record of the shore-fly genus Placopsidella Kertesz from North America (Diptera: Ephydridae)." volume="90" year="1988">1988</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation pageId="17" pageNumber="18">1991</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation pageId="17" pageNumber="18">1993</bibRefCitation>
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), is adhered to here.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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For purposes of agreement between species-group names and genus-group names, the generic name
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
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is neuter, not feminine.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">The following is a key to the subgenera presently included in the genus.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="key to subgenera of allotrichoma">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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Key to Subgenera of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<table pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<tr pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma slossonae" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="slossonae">Allotrichoma slossonae</taxonomicName>
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</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Pseudohecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudohecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pseudohecamede</taxonomicName>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |