treatments-xml/data/41/7D/87/417D87A4FFD0FFC2FE8A572D31A9F84C.xml
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<mods:title id="0335BEBDC66BCD60D052B318E424EADD">A revision of Xylopia L. (Annonaceae): the species of Madagascar and the Mascarene islands</mods:title>
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13.
<taxonomicName id="0ED44D31FFD0FFC1FE5C572D310EFACD" authority="D. M.Johnson &amp; N. A.Murray" authorityName="D. M. Johnson &amp; N. A. Murray" authorityYear="2020" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD0FFC1FE5C572D317AFAF2" bold="true" box="[384,564,1333,1360]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Xylopia australis</emphasis>
D. M.Johnson &amp; N. A.Murray
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,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E09357DBFFD0FFC1FD97574E31EEFAD2" box="[587,672,1366,1392]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(
<figureCitation id="51EF2A37FFD0FFC1FE8B576D3299FA32" box="[343,471,1397,1424]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="44.[132,143,1873,1891]" captionTargetBox="[156,1447,208,1734]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[132,1455,205,1760]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIG. 15. — Xylopia anomala, sp. nov. and X. australis, sp. nov.: A-K, X. anomala, sp. nov.; A, habit; B, seed, view from micropylar end; C, seed, side view; D, fruit; E, inflorescence; F, inflorescence with mature flower; G, inner petal, adaxial view; H, outer petal, adaxial view; I, staminal cone, ovaries, and outer staminodes; J, carpel; K, fertile stamen, abaxial view. L-U, X. australis, sp. nov.: L, outer staminode, abaxial view; M, fertile stamen, abaxial view; N, inflorescence; O, stigma; P, inner petal, adaxial view; Q, outer petal, adaxial view; R, habit; S, fruit; T, seed, view from micropylar end; U, seed, side view. A, from Rakotonirina 48 (OWU); B-D, from Schatz &amp; Modeste 3042 (MO); E, from Rakotovao et al. 2680 (MO); F-I, K, from Razakamalala et al. 5422 (MO); J, from Rakotovao et al. 2680 (OWU); L, M, O-Q, from Schatz 2641 (MO); N, from Rakotovao et al. 4575 (MO); R-U, from Razakamalala et al. 2414 (MO). Scale bars: A-D, R-U, 1 cm; E, F, G, H, N, P, Q, 5 mm; I-M, O, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3877246" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3877246/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Figs 15L-U</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="51EF2A37FFD0FFC1FE3E576D317AFA2D" box="[482,564,1397,1423]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="48.[132,143,1896,1914]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1835]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[698,1267,786,1360]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIG. 16. — A, Fruit of X. australis, sp. nov. (Rakotovao 4575); B, flower of X. bemarivensis Diels (Nusbaumer 8139); C, flower bud of X. galokothamna, sp. nov. (Ratovoson 2065); D, fruit of X. galokothamna, sp. nov. (Ratovoson 2065); E, fruit of plant resembling X. galokothamna, sp. nov., but with different pericarp pattern (see text) (Buerki 20); F, monocarps and leafy shoots of X. lastelliana Baill. (Rakotovao 4603); G, flowers of X. australis, sp. nov. (Schatz 2641); H, monocarps of X. kalabenonensis D.M.Johnson, Deroin, &amp; Callmander (Razafitsalama et al. 1041). Photos: A, F, C. Rakotovao; B, L. Nusbaumer; C, D, F. Ratovoson; E, M. W. Callmander; G, G. E. Schatz; H, J. Razafitsalama. A, C-H, used under the terms of the Creative Commons license for Tropicos, the botanical information system at the Missouri Botanical Garden; B, L. Nusbaumer (© Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3877248" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3877248/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">16A, G</figureCitation>
)
</subSubSection>
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</paragraph>
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One of a group of
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<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD0FFC1FEE757A832CFFA6A" box="[315,385,1456,1480]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Xylopia</emphasis>
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species in
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with short broad petals and clavate stigmas, distinguished by the strongly raised reticulation of the leaves, the secondary veins often joining to form a sinuous intramarginal vein, the narrowly oblong or elliptic-oblong to lanceolate shape of the leaf blades, the corrugated adaxial surface of the inner petals, and the oblong glaucous and glabrate monocarps.
</paragraph>
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TYPE. —
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.
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,
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[“
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),
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WSW of Taolagnaro
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[“
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(fl.),
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(holo-,
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!;
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iso-, BR!; K!; WAG!).
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. Prov.
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, forêt
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près
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,
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20767
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(P)
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;
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<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD0FFC1FE39550432BBF891" box="[485,501,1820,1843]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">c.</emphasis>
<locationDeviation id="D8D92F90FFD0FFC1FE2755033189F896" box="[507,711,1819,1844]" location="Antsotso" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD0FFC1FE2755033161F891" box="[507,559,1819,1843]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="km" value="3.0">3 km</quantity>
W of Antsotso
</locationDeviation>
, along RN 12a,
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD0FFC1FF02552E3252F8EC" box="[222,284,1846,1870]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="km" value="65.0">65 km</quantity>
N of
<location id="CC0B6069FFD0FFC1FE89552E329FF8EC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:417D87A4FFD0FFC2FE8A572D31A9F84C:CC0B6069FFD0FFC1FE89552E329FF8EC" box="[341,465,1846,1870]" country="Madagascar" county="Region de l'Anosy" latitude="-24.583889" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.212223" municipality="Bemangidy Forest" name="Ft. Dauphin" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" stateProvince="Prov.">Ft. Dauphin</location>
, E of
<location id="CC0B6069FFD0FFC1FDD4552E311FF8EC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:417D87A4FFD0FFC2FE8A572D31A9F84C:CC0B6069FFD0FFC1FDD4552E311FF8EC" box="[520,593,1846,1870]" country="Madagascar" county="Region de l'Anosy" latitude="-24.583889" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.212223" municipality="Bemangidy Forest" name="Ivohibe" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" stateProvince="Prov.">Ivohibe</location>
peak,
<geoCoordinate id="ACE05075FFD0FFC1FD4C552E304DF8EC" box="[656,771,1846,1870]" degrees="24" direction="south" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" precision="15" seconds="02" value="-24.583889">24°3502”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ACE05075FFD0FFC1FF58554833B4F8CA" box="[132,250,1872,1896]" degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" precision="15" seconds="44" value="47.212223">47°1244”E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD0FFC1FEDF5548323AF8CA" box="[259,372,1872,1896]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="175.0" valueMax="250.0" valueMin="100.0">
<elevation id="42F9D181FFD0FFC1FEDF5548323AF8CA" box="[259,372,1872,1896]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="175.0" valueMax="250.0" valueMin="100.0">100-250 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="BD6A1072FFD0FFC1FEA2554932AFF8CA" box="[382,481,1872,1896]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" value="2006-02-07">
<collectingDate id="AD2EE99AFFD0FFC1FEA2554932AFF8CA" box="[382,481,1872,1896]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" value="2006-02-07">7.II. 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl.),
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD0FFC1FDCB554931F1F8CA" box="[535,703,1872,1896]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">
<location id="CC0B6069FFD0FFC1FDCB5549311CF8CA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:417D87A4FFD0FFC2FE8A572D31A9F84C:CC0B6069FFD0FFC1FDCB5549311CF8CA" box="[535,594,1873,1896]" country="Madagascar" county="Region de l'Anosy" latitude="-24.583889" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.212223" municipality="Bemangidy Forest" name="Lowry" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" stateProvince="Prov.">Lowry</location>
et al. 6669
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="AFC5AE77FFD0FFC1FD11554831B5F8CA" box="[717,763,1872,1896]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="79BC3CEFFFD0FFC1FF5855733103F870" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2632071599" collectingDate="2009-11-16" collectionCode="MO" collectorName="Malana &amp; Farafara Vatambe, CR &amp; Mahatalaky &amp; Dist. &amp; Reg. &amp; Anosy" country="Madagascar" elevation="411" latitude="-24.856112" location="Taolagnaro" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.0075" municipality="Anosy Region" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov." typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingMunicipality id="290FACC8FFD0FFC1FF585573325AF821" box="[132,276,1899,1923]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Anosy Region</collectingMunicipality>
, ouest du village
<collectorName id="64215364FFD0FFC1FE1B5573315AF821" box="[455,532,1899,1923]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Malana</collectorName>
, vers sommet
<locationDeviation id="D8D92F90FFD0FFC1FD7A5573322FF83F" firstLocation="Andohavola" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" secondLocation="Tanimena">entre Andohavola et Tanimena</locationDeviation>
, FKT:
<collectorName id="64215364FFD0FFC1FE74559D31CBF83F" box="[424,645,1925,1949]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Farafara Vatambe, CR</collectorName>
:
<collectorName id="64215364FFD0FFC1FD4C559D304DF83F" box="[656,771,1925,1949]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Mahatalaky</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="64215364FFD0FFC1FF5855B833F6F81A" box="[132,184,1952,1976]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Dist.</collectorName>
:
<location id="CC0B6069FFD0FFC1FF1E55B8327FF81A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:417D87A4FFD0FFC2FE8A572D31A9F84C:CC0B6069FFD0FFC1FF1E55B8327FF81A" box="[194,305,1952,1976]" country="Madagascar" latitude="-24.856112" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.0075" municipality="Anosy Region" name="Taolagnaro" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" stateProvince="Prov.">Taolagnaro</location>
,
<collectorName id="64215364FFD0FFC1FEE055B83222F81A" box="[316,364,1952,1976]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Rég.</collectorName>
:
<collectorName id="64215364FFD0FFC1FEAA55B832FDF81A" box="[374,435,1952,1976]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Anosy</collectorName>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ACE05075FFD0FFC1FE635587317CF815" box="[447,562,1951,1975]" degrees="24" direction="south" minutes="51" orientation="latitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" precision="15" seconds="22" value="-24.856112">24°5122”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ACE05075FFD0FFC1FDE255B831FCF81A" box="[574,690,1952,1976]" degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" precision="15" seconds="27" value="47.0075">47°0027”E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD0FFC1FD6355B8304CF815" box="[703,770,1952,1976]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.11" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="411.0">
<elevation id="42F9D181FFD0FFC1FD6355B8304CF815" box="[703,770,1952,1976]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.11" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="411.0">411 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="BD6A1072FFD0FFC1FF5855A233BAF870" box="[132,244,1978,2002]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" value="2009-11-16">
<collectingDate id="AD2EE99AFFD0FFC1FF5855A233BAF870" box="[132,244,1978,2002]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" value="2009-11-16">16.XI.2009</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl., fr.),
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD0FFC1FE9955A23145F870" box="[325,523,1978,2002]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Rakotovao et al. 4575</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="AFC5AE77FFD0FFC1FDCB55A2310BF870" box="[535,581,1978,2002]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="79BC3CEFFFD0FFC1FD8955A237CFFEA9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2632071430" collectingDate="2002-11-24" collectionCode="MO" collectorName="Com. Ampasinampoa &amp; Fkt. Analambendrana" country="Madagascar" county="Fort Dauphin" elevation="400" latitude="-24.985" location="Randrianaivo" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="46.960278" municipality="d'Ampasinapoa" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov." typeStatus="paratype">
Fiv.
<collectingCounty id="200A4E3EFFD0FFC1FDA055A3304DF870" box="[636,771,1978,2002]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Fort Dauphin</collectingCounty>
,
<collectorName id="64215364FFD0FFC1FF5855CD3217F84F" box="[132,345,2005,2029]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Com. Ampasinampoa</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="64215364FFD0FFC1FEBD55CD317FF84F" box="[353,561,2005,2029]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Fkt. Analambendrana</collectorName>
à
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD0FFC1FD9855CD313BF84F" box="[580,629,2005,2029]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
(vol doiseau) à louest
<collectingMunicipality id="290FACC8FFD0FFC1FCB252C1374CFF53" box="[878,1026,217,241]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">dAmpasinapoa</collectingMunicipality>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ACE05075FFD0FFC1FBD652C13737FF53" box="[1034,1145,217,241]" degrees="24" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" precision="15" seconds="06" value="-24.985">24°5906”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ACE05075FFD0FFC1FB5D52C137BCFF53" box="[1153,1266,217,241]" degrees="46" direction="east" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" precision="15" seconds="37" value="46.960278">46°5737”E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD0FFC1FB2652C13677FF52" box="[1274,1337,217,241]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="400.0">
<elevation id="42F9D181FFD0FFC1FB2652C13677FF52" box="[1274,1337,217,241]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="BD6A1072FFD0FFC1FA9D52C136E1FF53" box="[1345,1455,217,241]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" value="2002-11-24">
<collectingDate id="AD2EE99AFFD0FFC1FA9D52C136E1FF53" box="[1345,1455,217,241]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" value="2002-11-24">24.XI.2002</collectingDate>
</date>
(fr.),
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD0FFC1FC8152EB3770FEA9" box="[861,1086,243,267]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">
<location id="CC0B6069FFD0FFC1FC8152EB3090FEA9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:417D87A4FFD0FFC2FE8A572D31A9F84C:CC0B6069FFD0FFC1FC8152EB3090FEA9" box="[861,990,243,267]" country="Madagascar" county="Fort Dauphin" latitude="-24.985" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="46.960278" municipality="d'Ampasinapoa" name="Randrianaivo" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" stateProvince="Prov.">Randrianaivo</location>
et al. 838
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="AFC5AE77FFD0FFC1FB9752EB3737FEA9" box="[1099,1145,243,267]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="79BC3CEFFFD0FFC1FB5752EB36E4FEE2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2632071621" collectingDate="2005-11-28" collectionCode="MO" collectorName="Fort-Dauphin &amp; Iaboko" country="Madagascar" county="Anosy Region" elevation="265" latitude="-24.570557" location="Ivohibe" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.20111" municipality="Antsotso" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov." typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCounty id="200A4E3EFFD0FFC1FB5752EB365BFEA9" box="[1163,1301,243,267]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Anosy Region</collectingCounty>
,
<collectorName id="64215364FFD0FFC1FAC352EB36E2FEA9" box="[1311,1452,243,267]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Fort-Dauphin</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="64215364FFD0FFC1FCF15316303AFE84" box="[813,884,270,294]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Iaboko</collectorName>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="290FACC8FFD0FFC1FCA15316309BFE84" box="[893,981,270,294]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Antsotso</collectingMunicipality>
, Forêt
<location id="CC0B6069FFD0FFC1FBC45316372AFE84" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:417D87A4FFD0FFC2FE8A572D31A9F84C:CC0B6069FFD0FFC1FBC45316372AFE84" box="[1048,1124,270,294]" country="Madagascar" county="Anosy Region" latitude="-24.570557" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.20111" municipality="Antsotso" name="Ivohibe" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" stateProvince="Prov.">Ivohibe</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ACE05075FFD0FFC1FBB1531637AEFE84" box="[1133,1248,270,294]" degrees="24" direction="south" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" precision="15" seconds="14" value="-24.570557">24°3414”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ACE05075FFD0FFC1FB3653163611FE84" box="[1258,1375,270,294]" degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" precision="15" seconds="04" value="47.20111">47°1204”E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD0FFC1FAB5531536E5FE87" box="[1385,1451,269,293]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="265.0">
<elevation id="42F9D181FFD0FFC1FAB5531536E5FE87" box="[1385,1451,269,293]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="265.0">265 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="BD6A1072FFD0FFC1FCF1533030D0FEE2" box="[813,926,296,320]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" value="2005-11-28">
<collectingDate id="AD2EE99AFFD0FFC1FCF1533030D0FEE2" box="[813,926,296,320]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" value="2005-11-28">28.XI.2005</collectingDate>
</date>
(fr.),
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD0FFC1FC0A53303784FEE2" box="[982,1226,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">
<location id="CC0B6069FFD0FFC1FC0A53303713FEE2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:417D87A4FFD0FFC2FE8A572D31A9F84C:CC0B6069FFD0FFC1FC0A53303713FEE2" box="[982,1117,296,320]" country="Madagascar" county="Anosy Region" latitude="-24.570557" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.20111" municipality="Antsotso" name="Razakamalala" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" stateProvince="Prov.">Razakamalala</location>
et al. 2414
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="AFC5AE77FFD0FFC1FB0B5330364BFEE2" box="[1239,1285,296,320]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
, P[P06901342])
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="79BC3CEFFFD0FFC1FCF1535B3746FE32" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2632071349" collectingDate="2007-12-08" collectionCode="MO" collectorName="Iaboko" country="Madagascar" county="Anosy Region" elevation="271" latitude="-24.571112" location="Antsotso" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.201668" municipality="Taolagnaro" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov." typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCounty id="200A4E3EFFD0FFC1FCF1535B30F8FEF8" box="[813,950,322,347]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Anosy Region</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="290FACC8FFD0FFC1FC61535A3762FEF8" box="[957,1068,322,346]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Taolagnaro</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectorName id="64215364FFD0FFC1FBE8535A3734FEF8" box="[1076,1146,322,346]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Iaboko</collectorName>
,
<location id="CC0B6069FFD0FFC1FB5F535B3796FEF9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:417D87A4FFD0FFC2FE8A572D31A9F84C:CC0B6069FFD0FFC1FB5F535B3796FEF9" box="[1155,1240,323,347]" country="Madagascar" county="Anosy Region" latitude="-24.571112" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.201668" municipality="Taolagnaro" name="Antsotso" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" stateProvince="Prov.">Antsotso</location>
Avaratra,
<geoCoordinate id="ACE05075FFD0FFC1FAE5535B36E5FEF8" box="[1337,1451,322,347]" degrees="24" direction="south" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" precision="15" seconds="16" value="-24.571112">24°3416”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ACE05075FFD0FFC1FCF1534530EAFED7" box="[813,932,349,373]" degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" precision="15" seconds="06" value="47.201668">47°1206”E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD0FFC1FC6D534530B9FED6" box="[945,1015,349,373]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.71" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="271.0">
<elevation id="42F9D181FFD0FFC1FC6D534530B9FED6" box="[945,1015,349,373]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.71" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="271.0">271 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="BD6A1072FFD0FFC1FBDF5345373DFED7" box="[1027,1139,349,373]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" value="2007-12-08">
<collectingDate id="AD2EE99AFFD0FFC1FBDF5345373DFED7" box="[1027,1139,349,373]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" value="2007-12-08">8.XII.2007</collectingDate>
</date>
(fr.),
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD0FFC1FB6C534536FEFED7" box="[1200,1456,349,373]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">
<location id="CC0B6069FFD0FFC1FB6C53453674FED7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:417D87A4FFD0FFC2FE8A572D31A9F84C:CC0B6069FFD0FFC1FB6C53453674FED7" box="[1200,1338,349,373]" country="Madagascar" county="Anosy Region" latitude="-24.571112" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.201668" municipality="Taolagnaro" name="Razakamalala" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" stateProvince="Prov.">Razakamalala</location>
et al. 3797
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="AFC5AE77FFD0FFC1FCE85360302CFE32" box="[820,866,376,400]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
, P[P06490487])
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="81CE6539FFD0FFC1FCF153BF37B6FD5E" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="C96B36B2FFD0FFC1FCF153BF37B6FD5E" blockId="45.[813,1456,423,765]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">
DISTRIBUTION, ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION STATUS. —
<taxonomicName id="0ED44D31FFD0FFC1FAB553BF3034FE7B" authority="Johnson &amp; Murray, 2020" authorityName="D. M. Johnson &amp; N. A. Murray" authorityYear="2020" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD0FFC1FAB553BF3034FE7B" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Xylopia australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E09357DBFFD0FFC1FC5953DA309EFE7B" box="[901,976,450,473]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, is restricted to a small area in southeastern
<collectingCountry id="B1C37622FFD0FFC1FAB353D93026FE56" name="Madagascar" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
, where it occurs in humid forest, sometimes on forested dunes or sand, at elevations from sea level to
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD0FFC1FB4953EF37EAFDAC" box="[1173,1188,503,526]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">c.</emphasis>
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD0FFC1FB7453EF37A9FDAC" box="[1192,1255,503,527]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="51EF2A37FFD0FFC1FB2F53EE3678FDAD" box="[1267,1334,502,527]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="82.[132,143,1799,1817]" captionTargetBox="[134,1453,214,1759]" captionTargetId="figure@82.[458,797,717,1245]" captionTargetPageId="82" captionText="FIG. 28. — Distributions of Xylopia ambanjensis Cavaco &amp; Keraudren, X. anomala, sp. nov., X. australis, sp.nov., X.beananensis Cavaco &amp; Keraudren, X. bemarivensis Diels,X.buxifolia Baill., X.capuronii Cavaco &amp; Keraudren,X. carinata, sp. nov., X. danguyella Ghesq. ex Cavaco &amp; Keraudren, X. dielsii Cavaco &amp; Keraudren, X. fananehanensis Cavaco &amp; Keraudren, and X. flexuosa Diels on Madagascar." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3877272" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3877272/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
). Specimens with flowers have been collected from February to April and in November, and with fruits in November and December. With its small EOO and AOO values,
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD0FFC1FB86505E37E6FDFC" box="[1114,1192,582,606]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="km" value="185.0">185 km</quantity>
2 and
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD0FFC1FB3F505E366AFDFC" box="[1251,1316,582,606]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="km" value="24.0">24 km</quantity>
2, respectively,
<taxonomicName id="0ED44D31FFD0FFC1FCF1507930DAFDDA" authority="Johnson &amp; Murray, 2020" authorityName="D. M. Johnson &amp; N. A. Murray" authorityYear="2020" box="[813,916,608,632]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD0FFC1FCF1507930DAFDDA" box="[813,916,608,632]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">X. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E09357DBFFD0FFC1FC43507930A5FDDA" box="[927,1003,609,632]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, is given a preliminary conservation assessment of Endangered (
<tableCitation id="84560309FFD0FFC1FC165063375DFD31" box="[970,1043,635,659]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="18.[214,225,221,239]" captionText="TABLE 2. — Preliminary and published conservation assessments for Madagascar and Mascarene Xylopia species.Abbreviations:CR, Critically Endangered; D, based on IUCN Criterion D; DD, Data Deficient; EN, Endangered; VU, Vulnerable. Sources: 1, Page 1998a; 2, Lantoarisoa 2015; 3, Callmander et al. 2009; 4, Page 1998b; 5, Page 1998c. *, See Discussion under X. flexuosa Diels." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9DAB663AFFEFFFFEFF0A52C5370AFEBF" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" tableUuid="9DAB663AFFEFFFFEFF0A52C5370AFEBF">Table 2</tableCitation>
). Several of the collections come from the general area of the Tsitongambarika forest, an area of high endemism (
<bibRefCitation id="AD454B43FFD0FFC1FCE950A83750FD6A" author="Razakamalala" box="[821,1054,688,712]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Razakamalala" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" pagination="17 - 22" refId="ref91074" refString="RAZAKAMALALA R., RABENANTOANDRO J., LOWRY P. P. II, ANDRI- AMAHEFARIVO L. &amp; BIRKINSHAW C. 2011. - Chapter 2: the flora of Tsitongambarika Forest, in BirdLife International (ed.), Tsitongambarika Forest, Madagascar. Biological and Socio-Economic Surveys, with Conservation Recommendations. BirdLife International, Cambridge: 17 - 22." type="book chapter" year="2011">
Razakamalala
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD0FFC1FC6050A830A7FD6A" box="[956,1001,688,712]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
), which was designated as a protected area in 2015. The forests there are tropical in structure (
<bibRefCitation id="AD454B43FFD0FFC1FAC550D2302EFD5F" author="Goodman" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Goodman" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" pagination="1 - 132" refId="ref89120" refString="GOODMAN S. M., PIDGEON M., HAWKINS A. W. A. &amp; SCHULENBERG T. S. 1997. - The birds of southeastern Madagascar. Fieldiana: Zoology, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago 87: 1 - 132. http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 2850974" type="journal article" year="1997">
Goodman
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD0FFC1FA5E50D336FEFD40" box="[1410,1456,714,738]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">et al.</emphasis>
1997
</bibRefCitation>
) but lie south of the Tropic of Capricorn.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="81CE6539FFD0FFC1FCF1510C364AFC8E" box="[813,1284,788,812]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="C96B36B2FFD0FFC1FCF1510C364AFC8E" blockId="45.[813,1341,788,913]" box="[813,1284,788,812]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">
LOCAL NAME. — Ovaria (
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD0FFC1FBF4510C37B9FC8E" box="[1064,1271,788,812]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Rakotovao et al. 4575</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="81CE6539FFD0FFC2FCF1514E3136FA2D" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" type="description">
<paragraph id="C96B36B2FFD0FFC1FCF1514E3673FC33" blockId="45.[813,1341,788,913]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">
DESCRIPTION
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD0FFC1FCF1516E308EFC32" bold="true" box="[813,960,886,912]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Tree or shrub</emphasis>
up to
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD0FFC1FBD4516F377DFC33" box="[1032,1075,887,913]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="8.0">8 m</quantity>
tall; d.b.h. up to
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD0FFC1FB2D516F3677FC33" box="[1265,1337,887,913]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C96B36B2FFD0FFC1FCF151AE36CDFC52" blockId="45.[813,1455,950,1009]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD0FFC1FCF151AE3020FC72" bold="true" box="[813,878,950,976]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Twigs</emphasis>
glabrous to sparsely pubescent, the hairs
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD0FFC1FAF151AF36E1FC73" box="[1325,1455,951,977]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="0.3" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.2">0.2-0.4 mm</quantity>
long, soon glabrate; nodes with a single axillary branch.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C96B36B2FFD0FFC1FCF1560E30B5F9AD" blockId="45.[813,1456,1046,1551]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD0FFC1FCF1560E3037FB92" bold="true" box="[813,889,1046,1072]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Leaves</emphasis>
with larger blades
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD0FFC1FB8A560E37ABFB93" box="[1110,1253,1046,1073]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.295" metricValueMax="1.72" metricValueMin="0.8699999999999999" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="cm" value="12.95" valueMax="17.2" valueMin="8.7">8.7-17.2 cm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD0FFC1FAEC560E36E1FB93" box="[1328,1455,1046,1073]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="cm" value="3.3" valueMax="4.4" valueMin="2.2">2.2-4.4 cm</quantity>
wide, subcoriaceous, discolorous, light gray to grayish green adaxially, orange-brown to brown abaxially, or concolorous, narrowly oblong or elliptic-oblong to lanceolate, apex acute to acuminate, the acumen
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD0FFC1FB8D568E37F6FB12" box="[1105,1208,1174,1200]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.4" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="12.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="4.0">4-20 mm</quantity>
long, base rounded to broadly cuneate, short-decurrent on petiole, margin slightly revolute, glabrous adaxially, sparsely and finely appressedpubescent abaxially, the hairs sometimes restricted to the midrib; midrib pale yellow to brown or concolorous with blade adaxially, secondary veins distinctly brochidodromous, forming a wavy intramarginal vein, 14-17 per side, diverging at 60-90° from midrib, these and higher-order veins strongly raised and forming a conspicuous reticulum on both surfaces; petiole
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD0FFC1FCA257AD3096FA6D" box="[894,984,1461,1487]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="2.0">2-9 mm</quantity>
long, shallowly canaliculate to semi-terete, transversely wrinkled and longitudinally striate, glabrous to sparsely pubescent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C96B36B2FFD0FFC1FCF1542C30FDF96C" blockId="45.[813,1456,1588,1743]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD0FFC1FCF1542C3089F9EC" bold="true" box="[813,967,1588,1614]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Inflorescences</emphasis>
axillary, 1-flowered, not pedunculate, sparsely appressed-pubescent; pedicels
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD0FFC1FBB2544C37A0F9CD" box="[1134,1262,1620,1647]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="4.7" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="5.6" valueMax="6.5" valueMin="4.7">4.7-6.5 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD0FFC1FAF3544C36E1F9CD" box="[1327,1455,1620,1647]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.1">1.1-1.6 mm</quantity>
thick; bracts 3, evenly spaced along pedicel, caducous or persistent,
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD0FFC1FCA3548C374CF90D" box="[895,1026,1684,1711]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="2.7" valueMin="2.3">2.3-2.7 mm</quantity>
long, triangular; buds ovoid to oblong, apex obtuse.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C96B36B2FFD0FFC1FCF154EB37F4F8EF" blockId="45.[813,1455,1778,1870]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD0FFC1FCF154EB3023F8AF" bold="true" box="[813,877,1779,1805]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Sepals</emphasis>
somewhat spreading at anthesis, ¼-1/3-connate,
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD0FFC1FA9554EC36E1F8AC" box="[1353,1455,1780,1806]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.85" metricValueMax="4.7" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="3.85" valueMax="4.7" valueMin="3.0">3-4.7 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD0FFC1FCB6550B30A2F88C" box="[874,1004,1811,1838]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.9" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="4.2" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="3.9">3.9-4.5 mm</quantity>
wide, coriaceous, broadly triangular, apex acute, appressed-pubescent abaxially.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C96B36B2FFD0FFC2FCF1556B3175FE70" blockId="45.[813,1455,1907,2030]" lastBlockId="46.[132,775,217,467]" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD0FFC1FCF1556B3023F82F" bold="true" box="[813,877,1907,1933]" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">Petals</emphasis>
pale yellow to creamy white, the inner petals also red at the base
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD0FFC1FC5F558C3088F80F" box="[899,966,1940,1965]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="44">in vivo</emphasis>
; outer petals spreading at anthesis,
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD0FFC1FAF0558B36E1F80C" box="[1324,1455,1939,1966]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.49" metricValueMax="1.88" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="14.9" valueMax="18.8" valueMin="11.0">11-18.8 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD0FFC1FCB555AB309BF86C" box="[873,981,1971,1998]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.45" metricValueMax="5.9" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="4.45" valueMax="5.9" valueMin="3.0">3-5.9 mm</quantity>
wide at base,
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD0FFC1FBB455AB37A7F86C" box="[1128,1257,1971,1998]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" metricValueMax="5.7" metricValueMin="4.9" pageId="45" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="5.3" valueMax="5.7" valueMin="4.9">4.9-5.7 mm</quantity>
wide at midpoint, fleshy, oblong-lanceolate to oblong-ovate, flattened and some- what concave but keeled at apex adaxially, not keeled abaxially, apex obtuse, pubescent toward apex and glabrous toward base adaxially, appressed-pubescent abaxially; inner petals erect at anthesis,
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD3FFC2FF3B532132CAFEF1" box="[231,388,313,340]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4149999999999998" metricValueMax="1.52" metricValueMin="1.31" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="14.149999999999999" valueMax="15.2" valueMin="13.1">13.1-15.2 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD3FFC2FE1A53213109FEF1" box="[454,583,313,340]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="3.2" valueMax="3.9" valueMin="2.5">2.5-3.9 mm</quantity>
wide at base, 2.0-
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD3FFC2FF5853413394FED1" box="[132,218,345,371]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
wide at midpoint, fleshy, lanceolate, keeled at apex, flat and corrugated in center adaxially, keeled abaxially, apex acute, base shallowly concave with undifferentiated margin, puberulent on distal ¼ on both surfaces.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C96B36B2FFD3FFC2FF5853E031CCFD53" blockId="46.[132,775,504,753]" pageId="46" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD3FFC2FF5853E033ADFDB0" bold="true" box="[132,227,504,530]" pageId="46" pageNumber="45">Stamens</emphasis>
200-250; fertile stamens
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD3FFC2FDD453E031C1FDB1" box="[520,655,504,531]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="1.6" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.4">1.4-1.8 mm</quantity>
long, narrowly oblong, anther connective apex
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD3FFC2FDE75000318AFD91" box="[571,708,536,563]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="0.3" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.2">0.2-0.4 mm</quantity>
long, shield-shaped, overhanging anther thecae, papillate, anthers 7-11-locellate, filament
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD3FFC2FE5A50403147FDD0" box="[390,521,600,626]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.3">0.3-0.4 mm</quantity>
long; outer staminodes
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD3FFC2FF5850603245FD30" box="[132,267,632,658]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5499999999999998" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="1.5499999999999998" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.4">1.4-1.7 mm</quantity>
long, oblong, apex obtuse; inner staminodes
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD3FFC2FF5850803246FD10" box="[132,264,664,690]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5499999999999998" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="1.5499999999999998" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.4">1.4-1.7 mm</quantity>
long, clavate to oblong, apex obtuse; staminal cone
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD3FFC2FF6150A03270FD70" box="[189,318,696,722]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="2.9" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="2.7">2.7-3.1 mm</quantity>
in diameter, 1.6-2.0 mm high, completely concealing the ovaries, rim irregularly laciniate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C96B36B2FFD3FFC2FF58510F31C8FCD3" blockId="46.[132,775,791,881]" pageId="46" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD3FFC2FF58510F3399FC93" bold="true" box="[132,215,791,817]" pageId="46" pageNumber="45">Carpels</emphasis>
5-7; ovaries
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD3FFC2FEBA51003239FC93" box="[358,375,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="45">c.</emphasis>
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD3FFC2FEA3510F3299FC90" box="[383,471,791,818]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
long, narrowly oblong, pubescent, stigmas free or loosely connivent,
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD3FFC2FD95512F3184FCF0" box="[585,714,823,850]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="2.75" valueMax="2.9" valueMin="2.6">2.6-2.9 mm</quantity>
long, clavate and somewhat falciform, sparsely pilose.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C96B36B2FFD3FFC2FF58518E31AFFB12" blockId="46.[132,775,918,1200]" pageId="46" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD3FFC2FF58518E33F5FC12" bold="true" box="[132,187,918,944]" pageId="46" pageNumber="45">Fruit</emphasis>
of up to 5 monocarps borne on a pedicel
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD3FFC2FD58518F3049FC13" box="[644,775,919,946]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" metricValueMax="7.3" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="5.9" valueMax="7.3" valueMin="4.5">4.5-7.3 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD3FFC2FF1D51AE320DFC73" box="[193,323,950,977]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="2.9" valueMax="3.3" valueMin="2.5">2.5-3.3 mm</quantity>
thick, pubescent; torus
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD3FFC2FD9851AE3188FC73" box="[580,710,950,977]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" metricValueMax="5.7" metricValueMin="4.7" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="5.2" valueMax="5.7" valueMin="4.7">4.7-5.7 mm</quantity>
in diameter, 4.5-5.0 mm high, ovoid to globose; monocarps with glaucous-green exterior
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD3FFC2FE5F51EF3284FBB2" box="[387,458,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="45">in vivo</emphasis>
,
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD3FFC2FE0B51EE3103FBB3" box="[471,589,1014,1041]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" metricValueMax="5.3" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" unit="cm" value="4.1" valueMax="5.3" valueMin="2.9">2.9-5.3 cm</quantity>
long, 1.3-2.0 cm wide, 1.2-2.0 cm thick, ovoid to oblong, sometimes weakly torulose, apex rounded or with a blunt beak
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD3FFC2FDB3562E3186FBF3" box="[623,712,1078,1105]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2-4 mm</quantity>
long, base sessile or contracted into a stipe
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD3FFC2FDCF564E3125FBD3" box="[531,619,1110,1137]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3-5 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD3FFC2FD73564E3049FBD3" box="[687,775,1110,1137]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4-6 mm</quantity>
thick, finely verrucose and wrinkled, with a glaucous bloom, dull to slightly shiny, glabrate; pericarp
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD3FFC2FDF3568E31D2FB12" box="[559,668,1174,1200]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="0.7" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.4">0.4-1 mm</quantity>
thick.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C96B36B2FFD3FFC2FF5856CD3136FA2D" blockId="46.[132,775,1237,1424]" pageId="46" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD3FFC2FF5856CD338FFB4D" bold="true" box="[132,193,1237,1263]" pageId="46" pageNumber="45">Seeds</emphasis>
up to 4 per monocarp, in a single row, lying oblique to nearly perpendicular to long axis,
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD3FFC2FDEE56EE318AFAB2" box="[562,708,1270,1296]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3199999999999998" metricValueMax="1.44" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="13.2" valueMax="14.4" valueMin="12.0">12-14.4 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD3FFC2FF58570E33B0FA92" box="[132,254,1302,1328]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.65" metricValueMax="10.3" metricValueMin="9.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="9.65" valueMax="10.3" valueMin="9.0">9-10.3 mm</quantity>
wide,
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD3FFC2FE99570E3218FA8D" box="[325,342,1302,1327]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="45">c.</emphasis>
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD3FFC2FE87570D32FFFA92" box="[347,433,1301,1328]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="9.5">9.5 mm</quantity>
thick, ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid, somewhat quadrangular in cross-section, light brown, wrinkled and pitted, dull, perichalazal ring visible as a slightly raised line; sarcotesta not detected; aril absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="81CE6539FFD3FFC2FF5857AC31A9F84C" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="C96B36B2FFD3FFC2FF5857AC3380FA6F" blockId="46.[132,776,1460,2030]" box="[132,206,1460,1486]" pageId="46" pageNumber="45">NOTES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C96B36B2FFD3FFC2FF5857CD31A9F84C" blockId="46.[132,776,1460,2030]" pageId="46" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicName id="0ED44D31FFD3FFC2FF5857CD3268FA4D" authority="Johnson &amp; Murray, 2020" authorityName="D. M. Johnson &amp; N. A. Murray" authorityYear="2020" box="[132,294,1493,1519]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD3FFC2FF5857CD3268FA4D" box="[132,294,1493,1519]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="45">Xylopia australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E09357DBFFD3FFC2FEEF57CD32CBFA4D" box="[307,389,1493,1519]" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, is readily identifiable by its relatively large, but narrow, long-acuminate subcoriaceous leaves, with the higher-order venation raised and forming a conspicuous reticulum on both surfaces. The secondary veins frequently unite to form a wavy intramarginal vein. The corrugated surfaces of the inner petals and the glaucous monocarps are unique characters among
<collectingCountry id="B1C37622FFD3FFC2FF0F548C3200F90C" box="[211,334,1684,1710]" name="Madagascar" pageId="46" pageNumber="45">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
<taxonomicName id="0ED44D31FFD3FFC2FE8F548C32D3F90C" box="[339,413,1684,1710]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD3FFC2FE8F548C32D3F90C" box="[339,413,1684,1710]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="45">Xylopia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. This southern distribution of the species in
<collectingCountry id="B1C37622FFD3FFC2FEF754AC32E8F96C" box="[299,422,1716,1742]" name="Madagascar" pageId="46" pageNumber="45">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
is the basis for the specific epithet. The collection
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD3FFC2FEE754CD3156F94C" box="[315,536,1748,1774]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="45">Lam &amp; Meeuse 6013</emphasis>
(L, WAG), Tamatave, Rés. Nat. Betampona,
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD3FFC2FEAF54EC32F4F8AC" box="[371,442,1780,1807]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="450.0">450 m</quantity>
,
<date id="BD6A1072FFD3FFC2FE1854EC3104F8AC" box="[452,586,1780,1806]" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" value="1938-12-19">19.XII.1938</date>
(fr.), bears monocarps that resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="0ED44D31FFD3FFC2FE73550C316EF88C" authority="Johnson &amp; Murray, 2020" authorityName="D. M. Johnson &amp; N. A. Murray" authorityYear="2020" box="[431,544,1812,1838]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD3FFC2FE73550C316EF88C" box="[431,544,1812,1838]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="45">X. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E09357DBFFD3FFC2FDF1550C31CEF88C" box="[557,640,1812,1838]" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, in the blunt apex, the glabrate surface, and the small number of large seeds. The leaves differ from those of
<taxonomicName id="0ED44D31FFD3FFC2FE13554C310CF8CF" authority="Johnson &amp; Murray, 2020" authorityName="D. M. Johnson &amp; N. A. Murray" authorityYear="2020" box="[463,578,1875,1901]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FBA0EAA0FFD3FFC2FE13554C310CF8CF" box="[463,578,1875,1901]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="45">X. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E09357DBFFD3FFC2FD8C554C31EAF8CC" box="[592,676,1876,1902]" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, in being elliptic to obovate, smaller (up to
<quantity id="0E2C9B57FFD3FFC2FE2E556B3170F82C" box="[498,574,1907,1934]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" pageId="46" pageNumber="45" unit="cm" value="9.4">9.4 cm</quantity>
long), and chartaceous in texture. The monocarps are distinctly stipitate, with a flat truncate apical beak. It has not been re-collected, despite recent plant inventory efforts in the Betampona Reserve.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>