422 lines
49 KiB
XML
422 lines
49 KiB
XML
<document id="7D3D816609D1973892F7A93116218EF6" ID-CLB-Dataset="46605" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.203417" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ef706791-d49e-4537-bac6-61a3a7b1348e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="203417" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460373308925" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Conradi, Mercedes & Bandera, Eugenia" docDate="2011" docId="413687BBFFF4B954AB87FE7EFE75F9F2" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02925p018.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2925" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Asterocheres minutus Claus 1889" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="BD0FFFC3FFF3B95DAB10FF81FFE2FFF5" masterDocTitle="Asterocherids (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida) associated with marine invertebrates in the Strait of Gibraltar" masterLastPageNumber="18" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1698295991883" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="E2F43AD6C994FDA287DBA0DFB3BDFBD7">Asterocherids (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida) associated with marine invertebrates in the Strait of Gibraltar</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3B0AE78D8B8408ECD10A613BDAC59C54">Conradi, Mercedes</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EF577EB46956F262F7F6AB4DAAC5F9C9">Bandera, Eugenia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="170072144A38682826E93E3E9DE866C4">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="3E7D233B8AB3157F887F0490B7EE69D8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="89B561502A2AD25C8051966799A86D74">
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<mods:date id="6A03A6272505341664492B9B271E2A7A">2011</mods:date>
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<treatment id="413687BBFFF4B954AB87FE7EFE75F9F2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6187049" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119412578" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6187049" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:413687BBFFF4B954AB87FE7EFE75F9F2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/413687BBFFF4B954AB87FE7EFE75F9F2" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<subSubSection id="81856526FFF4B95AAB87FE7EFF09FDCF" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C92036ADFFF4B95AAB87FE7EFDABFDEC" blockId="7.[151,585,511,570]" box="[151,585,511,537]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<heading id="926881C1FFF4B95AAB87FE7EFDABFDEC" bold="true" box="[151,585,511,537]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFF4B95AAB87FE7EFDABFDEC" authority="Claus, 1889" authorityName="Claus" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,585,511,537]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
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||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFF4B95AAB87FE7EFDABFDEC" bold="true" box="[151,585,511,537]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFF4B95AAB87FE7EFE7CFDEC" bold="true" box="[151,414,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Asterocheres minutus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="AD0E4B5CFFF4B95AAABDFE7EFDA3FDEC" author="Claus" box="[429,577,511,537]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Claus, C. (1889) Uber neue oder wenig bekannte halbparasitis-che Copepoden-und Ascomyzontiden-Gruppe. Arbeiten des Zoologischen Institut der Universitat Wien, 8, 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1889">Claus, 1889</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C92036ADFFF4B95AAB87FDA3FF09FDCF" blockId="7.[151,585,511,570]" box="[151,235,546,570]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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(
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<figureCitation id="51A42A28FFF4B95AAB8FFDA3FF00FDCF" box="[159,226,546,570]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1933,1956]" captionTargetBox="[156,1421,267,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,267,1909]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Asterocheres minutus (Claus, 1889), female. A, dorsal view. B, cephalic appendages C, antenna. D, mandible, E, maxillule. F, maxilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203422/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="81856526FFF4B95AAB87FDEBFD80FD6A" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C92036ADFFF4B95AAB87FDEBFE17FD75" blockId="7.[151,610,618,671]" box="[151,501,618,640]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFF4B95AAB87FDEBFE17FD75" authority="Claus, 1889" authorityName="Claus" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,501,618,640]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Echinocheres" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
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<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFF4B95AAB87FDEBFE94FD75" box="[151,374,618,640]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Echinocheres minutus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="AD0E4B5CFFF4B95AAA6CFDEBFE17FD75" author="Claus" box="[380,501,618,640]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Claus, C. (1889) Uber neue oder wenig bekannte halbparasitis-che Copepoden-und Ascomyzontiden-Gruppe. Arbeiten des Zoologischen Institut der Universitat Wien, 8, 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1889">Claus, 1889</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C92036ADFFF4B95AAB87FD08FD80FD6A" blockId="7.[151,610,618,671]" box="[151,610,649,671]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFF4B95AAB87FD08FD80FD6A" authority="Giesbrecht, 1987" authorityName="Giesbrecht" authorityYear="1987" box="[151,610,649,671]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
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<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFF4B95AAB87FD08FE4DFD6A" box="[151,431,649,671]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Asterocheres minutus sensu</emphasis>
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Giesbrecht, 1987
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="81856526FFF4B95AAB87FD4AFCC4FCF2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="C92036ADFFF4B95AAB87FD4AFCC4FCF2" blockId="7.[151,1436,715,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFF4B95AAB87FD4AFE62FD11" bold="true" box="[151,384,715,740]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<specimenCount id="DF99FD24FFF4B95AAA98FD4DFE16FD11" box="[392,500,716,740]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
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(
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<collectionCode id="AF8EAE68FFF4B95AA913FD4DFDA9FD11" box="[515,587,716,740]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">BEIM</collectionCode>
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(COP-562) associated with the sea urchin
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<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFF4B95AAF3DFD4CFA79FD11" authority="Lamarck" authorityName="Lamarck" box="[1069,1435,716,740]" class="Echinoidea" family="Parechinidae" genus="Paracentrotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Camarodonta" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lividus">
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<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFF4B95AAF3DFD4CFAFCFD11" box="[1069,1310,716,740]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Paracentrotus lividus</emphasis>
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(Lamarck)
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</taxonomicName>
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from Tarifa Island (southern
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<collectingCountry id="B188763DFFF4B95AAACAFD6EFDF9FCF2" box="[474,539,751,775]" name="Spain" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Spain</collectingCountry>
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) at
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<quantity id="0E679B48FFF4B95AA955FD6EFD9CFCF2" box="[581,638,751,775]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="12.0">12 m</quantity>
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depth in 1991.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="81856526FFF4B95AABD7FC92FCE0F992" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C92036ADFFF4B95AABD7FC92FB1BFC62" blockId="7.[151,1436,715,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFF4B95AABD7FC92FEBBFCD9" bold="true" box="[199,345,787,812]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Description.</emphasis>
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Adult female: Body (
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<figureCitation id="51A42A28FFF4B95AA95FFC95FD73FCD9" box="[591,657,788,812]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1933,1956]" captionTargetBox="[156,1421,267,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,267,1909]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Asterocheres minutus (Claus, 1889), female. A, dorsal view. B, cephalic appendages C, antenna. D, mandible, E, maxillule. F, maxilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203422/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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A) cyclopiform, slender with cephalothorax oval and cylindrical urosome. Mean body length 470 µm (460–480 µm) and maximum width 265 µm (260–270 µm), based on
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<specimenCount id="DF99FD24FFF4B95AAE52FCB6FF34FC81" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
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. Ratio of length to width of prosome 1.29:1. Ratio of length of prosome to that of urosome 2.2:1. Prosome comprising cephalothorax fully incorporating first pedigerous somite and 3 free pedigerous somites.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C92036ADFFF4B95AABD5FC25FE22FB85" blockId="7.[151,1436,715,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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Antenna (
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<figureCitation id="51A42A28FFF4B95AAA23FC25FE91FC49" box="[307,371,932,956]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1933,1956]" captionTargetBox="[156,1421,267,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,267,1909]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Asterocheres minutus (Claus, 1889), female. A, dorsal view. B, cephalic appendages C, antenna. D, mandible, E, maxillule. F, maxilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203422/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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C) biramous, 125 µm long including terminal claw. Coxa and basis unarmed. Basis ornamented with spinule row medially. Exopod 1-segmented, slightly longer than wide; with one smooth subterminal seta and two pinnate terminal setae. Endopod 3-segmented; proximal segment elongated with row of spinules laterally; middle segment protruded distally on medial side but articulating with distal segment proximally on lateral side, bearing one distal seta; distal segment with smooth distal seta and distal claw (20 µm long) ornamented with minute spinules on lateral margin.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C92036ADFFF4B95AABD5FBFDFEDEFB4D" blockId="7.[151,1436,715,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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Oral cone very short, about 90 µm long, reaching to the insertion of maxilliped (
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<figureCitation id="51A42A28FFF4B95AAF71FBFDFB47FB61" box="[1121,1189,1148,1172]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1933,1956]" captionTargetBox="[156,1421,267,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,267,1909]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Asterocheres minutus (Claus, 1889), female. A, dorsal view. B, cephalic appendages C, antenna. D, mandible, E, maxillule. F, maxilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203422/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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B), with membranous lateral flanges.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C92036ADFFF4B95AABD5FB45FE75FAD1" blockId="7.[151,1436,715,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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Mandible (
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<figureCitation id="51A42A28FFF4B95AAA52FB45FE65FB29" box="[322,391,1220,1244]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1933,1956]" captionTargetBox="[156,1421,267,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,267,1909]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Asterocheres minutus (Claus, 1889), female. A, dorsal view. B, cephalic appendages C, antenna. D, mandible, E, maxillule. F, maxilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203422/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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D) comprising stylet-like gnathobase and slender 1-segmented palp. Palp ornamented with rows of setules laterally and armed with two unequal distal densely plumose setae, the longer ornamented with three spinules apically.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C92036ADFFF4B95AABD5FAB1FAA5FA65" blockId="7.[151,1436,715,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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Maxillule (
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<figureCitation id="51A42A28FFF4B95AAA50FAB1FE63FABD" box="[320,385,1328,1352]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1933,1956]" captionTargetBox="[156,1421,267,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,267,1909]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Asterocheres minutus (Claus, 1889), female. A, dorsal view. B, cephalic appendages C, antenna. D, mandible, E, maxillule. F, maxilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203422/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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E) bilobed; inner lobe (
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<date id="BD21106DFFF4B95AA993FAB1FD29FABD" box="[643,715,1328,1352]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1915-10-25">25x15</date>
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µm) as long as outer lobe (
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<date id="BD21106DFFF4B95AA8E8FAB1FBD3FABD" box="[1016,1073,1328,1352]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1925-10-05">25x5</date>
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µm). Inner lobe armed with five distal setae, one setulose very long seta, one shorter smooth seta, two median setae ornamented with setules on distal part and one short smooth seta. Outer lobe armed with three terminal and one subterminal smooth setae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C92036ADFFF4B95AABD5FA1DFC7BF9D5" blockId="7.[151,1436,715,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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Maxilla (
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<figureCitation id="51A42A28FFF4B95AAA22FA1DFE9BFA41" box="[306,377,1436,1460]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1933,1956]" captionTargetBox="[156,1421,267,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,267,1909]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Asterocheres minutus (Claus, 1889), female. A, dorsal view. B, cephalic appendages C, antenna. D, mandible, E, maxillule. F, maxilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203422/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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F) 2-segmented but with partial transverse suture on syncoxa possibly marking plane of praecoxa-coxa fusion; praecoxal part bearing flaccid aesthetasc-like element medially, representing tubular extension of external opening of maxillary gland; coxal part unarmed. Basis claw-like recurved, distally armed with one naked, small seta at mid length and minute spinules in distal portion.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C92036ADFFF4B95AABD5F9ADFC9BF9B1" blockId="7.[151,1436,715,2036]" box="[197,889,1580,1604]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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Remaining appendages as described by Bocquet
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<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFF4B95AA9F8F9ACFCFAF9B1" box="[744,792,1580,1604]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al</emphasis>
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. (1963).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C92036ADFFF4B95AABD5F9D1FCE0F992" blockId="7.[151,1436,715,2036]" box="[197,770,1615,1640]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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Adult male: As described by Bocquet
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<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFF4B95AA960F9D0FD40F99D" box="[624,674,1616,1640]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al</emphasis>
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. (1963).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="81856526FFF4B954ABD5F9F5FD3CFE59" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="C92036ADFFF4B955ABD5F9F5FC0FFF21" blockId="7.[151,1436,715,2036]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,151,212]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFF4B95AABD5F9F5FEDBF979" bold="true" box="[197,313,1652,1676]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Remarks.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFF4B95AAA53F9F5FDD5F979" box="[323,567,1652,1676]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
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<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFF4B95AAA53F9F5FDD5F979" box="[323,567,1652,1676]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Asterocheres minutus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was poorly described and illustrated as
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<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFF4B95AAF00F9F5FAE9F979" box="[1040,1291,1652,1676]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Echinocheres" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
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<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFF4B95AAF00F9F5FAE9F979" box="[1040,1291,1652,1676]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Echinocheres minutus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by Claus in 1889 and as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFF4B95AAA36F919FDFAF945" box="[294,536,1688,1712]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFF4B95AAA36F919FDFAF945" box="[294,536,1688,1712]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Asterocheres minutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by Giesbrecht in 1899. Later on, it was described and illustrated by Bocquet
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFF4B95AAE98F918FF4FF921" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (1963) who also made a comparative study of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFF4B95AA9C9F93DFCB6F921" box="[729,852,1724,1748]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFF4B95AA9C9F93DFCB6F921" box="[729,852,1724,1748]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. minutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFF4B95AA89FF93DFBC4F921" box="[911,1062,1724,1748]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFF4B95AA89FF93DFC42F921" box="[911,928,1724,1748]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFF4B95AA8A1F93DFBC4F921" box="[945,1062,1724,1748]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">echinicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFF4B95AAF58F93DFB00F921" box="[1096,1250,1724,1748]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="violaceous">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFF4B95AAF58F93DFB00F921" box="[1096,1250,1724,1748]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. violaceous</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD0E4B5CFFF4B95AAE0FF93DFEA6F902" author="Bandera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Bandera, M. E. & Conradi, M. (2009 b) Two copepod species largely confused: Asterocheres echinicola (Norman, 1868) and A. violaceus (Claus, 1889). Taxonomical implications. Helgoland Marine Research, 63, 261 - 276." type="journal article" year="2009" yearSuffix="b">Bandera & Conradi 2009b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The population of this species found in Tarifa Island (Southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B188763DFFF4B95AAF34F95EFB87F902" box="[1060,1125,1759,1783]" name="Spain" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
) shows some discrepancies from the previous descriptions. (1) The antennary exopod has not two but three elements (Bocquet
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFF4B95AAE1EF884FAA3F8E9" box="[1294,1345,1796,1820]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (1963) missed one lateral seta); (2) The armature of the third segment of the antennal endopod consists of one apical seta, claw and lateral row of setules, and not two setae and one claw as illustrated by Bocquet
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFF4B95AAF6AF8CCFB49F891" box="[1146,1195,1868,1892]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (1963); (3) The palp of the mandible possess two distal setae as illustrated by Bocquet
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFF4B95AA867F8F0FC4BF87D" box="[887,937,1904,1928]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (1963) but the longer one is thicker and has three spinules apically in addition to the setules of the distal part. (4) The inner lobe of the maxillule bears 5 distal setae but the length and ornamentation differ from those described by Bocquet
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFF4B95AAF33F838FBB4F825" box="[1059,1110,1976,2000]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1963 (5) The maxilla has a flaccid element medially, representing a tubular extension of the external opening of the maxillary gland on the proximal part of the syncoxa, and the claw-like basis is armed with a small seta and ornamented with setules on the distal part which were not illustrated or mentioned by previous descriptions.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9DE06625FFFBB955AB87F80CFE8DF837" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203422/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" targetBox="[156,1421,267,1909]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="C92036ADFFFBB955AB87F80CFE8DF837" blockId="8.[151,1435,1933,1986]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFBB955AB87F80CFEF1F856" bold="true" box="[151,275,1933,1956]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFBB955AA0BF80FFD6AF851" authority="(Claus, 1889)" authorityName="Claus" authorityYear="1889" baseAuthorityName="Claus" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[283,648,1933,1956]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFBB955AA0BF80FFE16F851" box="[283,500,1934,1956]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Asterocheres minutus</emphasis>
|
||
(Claus, 1889)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, female. A, dorsal view. B, cephalic appendages C, antenna. D, mandible, E, maxillule. F, maxilla.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="C92036ADFFFAB954ABD5FF16FD3CFE59" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,1543]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
This species belongs to a group of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954A95BFF19FD39FF45" box="[587,731,152,176]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954A95BFF19FD39FF45" box="[587,731,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Asterocheres</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species characterized by possessing a 21-segmented antennule in females and a 1-segmented mandibular palp. This group is composed of only three species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954AFA1FF3DFF38FF02" authority="Marcus, 1965" authorityName="Marcus" authorityYear="1965" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bacescui">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954AFA1FF3DFAD3FF21" box="[1201,1329,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. bacescui</emphasis>
|
||
(Marcus, 1965)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954ABF6FF61FD94FF02" authority="Bandera et al., 2007" authorityName="Bandera et al." authorityYear="2007" box="[230,630,223,248]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madeirensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954ABF6FF61FE69FF0D" box="[230,395,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. madeirensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD0E4B5CFFFAB954AA82FF5EFD94FF02" author="Bandera" box="[402,630,223,248]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Bandera, M. E, Conradi, M. & Lopez-Gonzalez, P. J. (2007) Two new asterocherid species (Siphonostomatoida: Asterocheridae) from Madeira and the Canary Islands (eastern Atlantic). Marine Biological Research, 3, 93 - 108." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Bandera
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954AAE6FF60FDC5FF0D" box="[502,551,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954A9A0FF61FBE3FF02" authority="Norman, 1868" authorityName="Norman" authorityYear="1868" box="[688,1025,223,248]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954A9A0FF61FCA6FF0D" box="[688,836,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. echinicola</emphasis>
|
||
(Norman, 1868)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. As commented above, we also have to include
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954AA1FFE85FE51FEE9" box="[271,435,260,284]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intermedius">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954AA1FFE85FE51FEE9" box="[271,435,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. intermedius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, since there is no available information about its mandibular palp.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954AFBBFE85FA7EFEE9" box="[1195,1436,260,284]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954AFBBFE85FA7EFEE9" box="[1195,1436,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Asterocheres minutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be separated from
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954AA87FEA9FD29FEB5" box="[407,715,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954AA87FEA9FDFEFEB5" box="[407,540,296,320]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bacescui">A. bacescui</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954A937FEA9FD29FEB5" box="[551,715,296,320]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intermedius">A. intermedius</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954A813FEA9FC4BFEB5" box="[771,937,296,320]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madeirensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954A813FEA9FC4BFEB5" box="[771,937,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. madeirensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the length of the siphon which is shorter than those of the other three species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD0E4B5CFFFAB954A922FECDFCF3FE91" author="Bandera" box="[562,785,332,356]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Bandera, M. E, Conradi, M. & Lopez-Gonzalez, P. J. (2007) Two new asterocherid species (Siphonostomatoida: Asterocheridae) from Madeira and the Canary Islands (eastern Atlantic). Marine Biological Research, 3, 93 - 108." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Bandera
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954A988FECCFD2BFE91" box="[664,713,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD0E4B5CFFFAB954A80CFECCFC19FE91" author="Marcus" box="[796,1019,332,356]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Marcus, A. & Por, F. (1960) Die Copepoden einer probe aus dem felsbiotop von Yalta (Krimhalbinsel). Travaux Museum Histoire Naturelle " Grigore Antipa ", 2, 145 - 163." type="journal article" year="1960">Marcus & Por 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD0E4B5CFFFAB954AF15FECDFACDFE91" author="Bandera" box="[1029,1327,332,356]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Bandera, M. E. & Conradi, M. (2009 a) Redescription of Asterocheres suberitis Giesbrecht, 1897 and A. tenerus (Hansen, 1923) (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida), including notes on Asterocheres abyssi (Hansen, 1923) and Asterocheres intermedius (Hansen, 1923). Zootaxa, 1980, 41 - 52." type="journal article" year="2009" yearSuffix="a">Bandera & Conradi 2009a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Furthermore, the inner lobe of the maxillule is longer than the outer lobe in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954A887FEF1FBFBFE7D" box="[919,1049,368,392]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bacescui">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954A887FEF1FBFBFE7D" box="[919,1049,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. bacescui</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954AF5FFEF1FB1EFE7D" box="[1103,1276,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954AF5FFEF1FB1AFE7D" box="[1103,1272,368,392]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madeirensis">A. madeirensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
while the two lobes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954ABE7FE15FE8DFE59" box="[247,367,404,428]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954ABE7FE15FE8DFE59" box="[247,367,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. minutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are more or less of equal length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="81856526FFFAB954ABD5FE39FC6DFA4A" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="C92036ADFFFAB954ABD5FE39FE1EFBAC" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,1543]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954ABD5FE39FE54FE25" box="[197,438,440,464]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954ABD5FE39FE54FE25" box="[197,438,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Asterocheres minutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most similar to
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954A999FE39FCC6FE25" box="[649,804,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954A999FE39FCC2FE25" box="[649,800,440,464]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinicola">A. echinicola</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and these two species provide a classic example of sibling species from regular echinoids on the western European coastlines (Bocquet & Stock 1963; Bocquet
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954AE71FE5CFA7EFE01" box="[1377,1436,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1963;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD0E4B5CFFFAB954ABCDFE7EFEBCFDE2" author="Gotto" box="[221,350,511,535]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Gotto, RV. (1979) The association of copepods with marine invertebrates. Advances of Marine Biology, 16, 1 - 109." type="journal article" year="1979">Gotto 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD0E4B5CFFFAB954AA7AFE7EFD74FDE2" author="Bandera" box="[362,662,511,535]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Bandera, M. E. & Conradi, M. (2009 b) Two copepod species largely confused: Asterocheres echinicola (Norman, 1868) and A. violaceus (Claus, 1889). Taxonomical implications. Helgoland Marine Research, 63, 261 - 276." type="journal article" year="2009" yearSuffix="b">Bandera & Conradi 2009b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The two copepods overlap in their distribution in the Mediterranean and may be found together on the same sea-urchin without displaying any territorial preference. Bocquet
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954AE77FDA4FA7EFDC9" box="[1383,1436,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al</emphasis>
|
||
(1963) considered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954AA7AFDC9FE00FD95" box="[362,482,584,608]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954AA7AFDC9FE00FD95" box="[362,482,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. minutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be derived from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954A9D2FDC9FCB5FD95" box="[706,855,584,608]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954A9D2FDC9FCB5FD95" box="[706,855,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. echinicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and believed that the present situation can be interpreted as a consequence of allopatric speciation. In this case, therefore, a single ancestral species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954AFE2FDEDFA60FD71" box="[1266,1410,620,644]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954AFE2FDEDFA60FD71" box="[1266,1410,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Asterocheres</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is envisaged, which parasitized sea-urchins over a wide geographical range, but became divided into “western” (Atlantic) and “eastern” (Mediterranean) components by a land barrier. The Atlantic population remained relatively unchanged due to a stable oceanic environment. The Mediterranean group, however, trapped in a relatively small sea subject to considerable fluctuations throughout its history, accumulated sufficient mutations to transform it into the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954AA0AFCA1FE76FCCD" box="[282,404,800,824]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954AA0AFCA1FEC9FCCD" box="[282,299,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954AA2BFCA0FE76FCCD" box="[315,404,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">minutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. By the time the Strait of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B188763DFFFAB954A9AEFC9EFCC1FCC2" box="[702,803,799,823]" name="Gibraltar" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Gibraltar</collectingCountry>
|
||
had opened to re-establish the communication, specific separation was complete. The new sea link allowed the euryplastic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954A881FCC5FBC4FCA9" box="[913,1062,836,860]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954A881FCC5FBC4FCA9" box="[913,1062,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. echinicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to recolonize the Mediterranean, but did not permit range-extension westward by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954A9A4FCE9FCCEFC75" box="[692,812,872,896]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954A9A4FCE9FCCEFC75" box="[692,812,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. minutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a species by now stenoplastically adaptated to the conditions peculiar to an island sea (Bocquet & Stock 1963). Therefore, the most likely cladistic model of the origin of these two
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954AA1EFC31FE7CFC3D" box="[270,414,944,968]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954AA1EFC31FE7CFC3D" box="[270,414,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Asterocheres</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species is the budding hypothesis described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD0E4B5CFFFAB954A8DEFC2EFB9FFC32" author="Queiroz" box="[974,1149,943,967]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Queiroz, K., de (1998) The general lineage concept of species criteria on the process of speciation: A conceptual unification and terminological recommendations. In: DJ Howard & JH Berlocher (eds) Endless Forms: species and speciation, pp 57 - 75, Oxford Univ. Press, New York." type="book chapter" year="1998">Queiroz (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
since one of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954AE5BFC31FF3DFC19" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954AE5BFC31FF3DFC19" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Asterocheres</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species is the origin of the other, and both species (original and new) coexist in the time, naturally isolated on their respective hosts. Such demonstrations of the important role played by geographical isolation in the speciation of parasitic copepods makes information on the existence of geographic races or subspecies very desirable but such information is very scanty.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C92036ADFFFAB954ABD5FBE5FEC4FAA1" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,1543]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Paired species of copepods associated with echinoid hosts have also been recorded in the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954AE1CFBE5FA77FB89" box="[1292,1429,1124,1148]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Rhynchomolgidae" genus="Paramolgus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954AE1CFBE5FA77FB89" box="[1292,1429,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Paramolgus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954AB87FB09FECCFB55" box="[151,302,1160,1184]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Rhynchomolgidae" genus="Plesiomolgus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954AB87FB09FECCFB55" box="[151,302,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Plesiomolgus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954AA79FB09FD5EFB55" authority="Humes 1975" authorityName="Humes" authorityYear="1975" box="[361,700,1160,1184]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Rhynchomolgidae" genus="Metaxymolgus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954AA79FB09FDEEFB55" box="[361,524,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Metaxymolgus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD0E4B5CFFFAB954A90EFB09FD56FB55" author="Humes" box="[542,692,1160,1184]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Humes, A. G. (1975) Cyclopoids copepods (Nanaspididae and Sabelliphilidae) associated with Holothurians in New Caledonia. Smithonian Contributions to Zoology, 2, 1 - 41." type="journal article" year="1975">Humes 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It may be presumed that their evolution has followed a similar course to that suggested for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954AAC9FB2DFD8BFB31" box="[473,617,1196,1220]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Asterocheridae" genus="Asterocheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954AAC9FB2DFD8BFB31" box="[473,617,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Asterocheres</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Other examples of speciation which occur in the Strait of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B188763DFFFAB954AE1CFB2DFA93FB31" box="[1292,1393,1196,1220]" name="Gibraltar" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Gibraltar</collectingCountry>
|
||
are the twin species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954AA43FB51FD4AFB1D" authority="Rosoll, 1889" authorityName="Rosoll" authorityYear="1889" box="[339,680,1232,1256]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Lichomolgidae" genus="Astericola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clausi">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954AA43FB51FDF3FB1D" box="[339,529,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Astericola clausi</emphasis>
|
||
Rosoll, 1889
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954A9F0FB51FBCBFB1D" authority="Bocquet, 1952" authorityName="Bocquet" authorityYear="1952" box="[736,1065,1232,1256]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Lichomolgidae" genus="Astericola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asterinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954A9F0FB51FC8AFB1D" box="[736,872,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. asterinae</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD0E4B5CFFFAB954A868FB51FBC3FB1D" author="Bocquet" box="[888,1057,1232,1256]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Bocquet, C. (1952) Copepodes semi-parasites des Echinodermes de la region de Roscoff. Description de Lichomolgus asterinae n. sp. Bulletin de la Societe zoologique de France, 77, 495 - 504." type="journal article" year="1952">Bocquet, 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, lichomolgid symbionts of asteroids, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954AA15FB75FCF6FAF9" authority="Stock & Kleeton, 1963" authorityName="Stock & Kleeton" authorityYear="1963" box="[261,788,1268,1292]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Rhynchomolgidae" genus="Doridicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="botulosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954AA15FB75FE16FAF9" box="[261,500,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Doridicola botulosus</emphasis>
|
||
(Stock & Kleeton, 1963)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954A85DFB74FB43FAF9" authority="Conradi et al., 2004" authorityName="Conradi et al." authorityYear="2004" box="[845,1185,1268,1292]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Rhynchomolgidae" genus="Doridicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="comai">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954A85DFB74FC57FAF9" box="[845,949,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">D. comai</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD0E4B5CFFFAB954A8ADFB75FB43FAF9" author="Conradi" box="[957,1185,1268,1292]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Conradi, M., Megina, C. &. Lopez-Gonzalez, P. J. (2004) Sibling copepod species associated with Mediterranean gorgonians. Scientia Marina, 68, 85 - 96." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Conradi
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954AF30FB74FBB0FAF9" box="[1056,1106,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
rynchomolgid symbionts of gorgonaceans which are likely to be derived from a common ancestor (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD0E4B5CFFFAB954AF01FA99FB16FADA" author="Bocquet" box="[1041,1268,1303,1328]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Bocquet, C., Carton, Y. & Sroehlich, M. M. (1970) Etude de deux epeces jumelles de copepodes parasites. Stellicola clausi (Rosoll) et Stellicola asterinae (Bocquet). Archives de Zoologie experimentale et generale, 11, 497 - 520." type="journal article" year="1970">
|
||
Bocquet
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954AF68FA98FB49FAC5" box="[1144,1195,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1970
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Conradi
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954AE73FA98FA77FAC5" box="[1379,1429,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1993, 2004).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C92036ADFFFAB954ABD7FAE1FC6DFA4A" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,1543]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954ABD7FAE1FEE4FA82" bold="true" box="[199,262,1376,1400]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Host.</emphasis>
|
||
This tiny copepod is restricted to Echinoidea and it has been recorded in association with three species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954AB87FA04FE6FFA69" ID-CoL="4CP35" box="[151,397,1412,1436]" class="Echinoidea" family="Parechinidae" genus="Paracentrotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Camarodonta" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lividus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954AB87FA04FE6FFA69" box="[151,397,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Paracentrotus lividus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954AAB2FA05FC52FA69" ID-CoL="4NBB8" authority="Blainville" authorityName="Blainville" box="[418,944,1412,1436]" class="Echinoidea" family="Parechinidae" genus="Psammechinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Camarodonta" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="microtuberculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954AAB2FA05FCC3FA69" box="[418,801,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Psammechinus microtuberculatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Blainville)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E9F4D2EFFFAB954A8E2FA05FA79FA69" ID-CoL="4YLFD" authority="Lamarck" authorityName="Lamarck" box="[1010,1435,1412,1436]" class="Echinoidea" family="Toxopneustidae" genus="Sphaerechinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Camarodonta" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="granularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954A8E2FA05FAFBFA69" box="[1010,1305,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Sphaerechinus granularis</emphasis>
|
||
(Lamarck)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Bocquet
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954AA14FA28FED4FA35" box="[260,310,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1963;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD0E4B5CFFFAB954AA9AFA26FDEEFA4A" author="Claus" box="[394,524,1447,1471]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Claus, C. (1889) Uber neue oder wenig bekannte halbparasitis-che Copepoden-und Ascomyzontiden-Gruppe. Arbeiten des Zoologischen Institut der Universitat Wien, 8, 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1889">Claus 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Giesbrecht 1987; present record).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="81856526FFFAB954ABD7FA4AFE75F9F2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="C92036ADFFFAB954ABD7FA4AFE75F9F2" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,1543]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954ABD7FA4AFE82FA11" bold="true" box="[199,352,1483,1508]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Mediterranean endemic:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B188763DFFFAB954A990FA4CFD2EFA11" box="[640,716,1485,1508]" name="France" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Bocquet
|
||
<emphasis id="FBEBEABFFFFAB954A851FA4CFC91FA11" box="[833,883,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1963),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B188763DFFFAB954A8C1FA4DFBE6FA11" box="[977,1028,1484,1508]" name="Italy" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD0E4B5CFFFAB954AF03FA4DFB75FA11" author="Claus" box="[1043,1175,1484,1508]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Claus, C. (1889) Uber neue oder wenig bekannte halbparasitis-che Copepoden-und Ascomyzontiden-Gruppe. Arbeiten des Zoologischen Institut der Universitat Wien, 8, 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1889">Claus 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD0E4B5CFFFAB954AFB3FA4DFA82FA11" author="Giesbrecht" box="[1187,1376,1484,1508]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Giesbrecht, W. (1897) System der Ascomyzontiden, einer semiparasitischen Copepoden-Familie. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 20, 253 - 255." type="journal article" year="1897">Giesbrecht 1897</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B188763DFFFAB954AB87FA6EFF35F9F2" box="[151,215,1519,1543]" name="Spain" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
(present record).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |