172 lines
15 KiB
XML
172 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.97.753" ID-GBIF-Dataset="89ee687f-c254-4a42-8ba1-f311830ab7bf" ID-PMC="PMC3095128" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-97-39" ID-PubMed="21594066" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-97-39" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 97" ModsDocTitle="Biology and systematics of the New World Phyllocnistis Zeller leafminers of the avocado genus Persea (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae)" checkinTime="1451250439219" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Davis, Donald R. & Wagner, David L." docDate="2011" docId="407AE4357E585E8F5B74DB4D9532B453" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 97: 39-73" docOrigin="ZooKeys 97" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.97.753" docTitle="Phyllocnistis longipalpa Davis and Wagner, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="FFBB2E7EFF81FFF3FFBBFFAB3D7A4749" masterDocTitle="Biology and systematics of the New World Phyllocnistis Zeller leafminers of the avocado genus Persea (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae)" masterLastPageNumber="73" masterPageNumber="39" pageNumber="50" updateTime="1668169575947" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Biology and systematics of the New World Phyllocnistis Zeller leafminers of the avocado genus Persea (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Davis, Donald R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wagner, David L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>97</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>39</mods:start>
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<mods:end>73</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.97.753</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.97.753</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-97-39</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159365202" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4566411E-4481-424B-9543-9F7383ACEB35" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/407AE4357E585E8F5B74DB4D9532B453" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="50">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4566411E-4481-424B-9543-9F7383ACEB35" authority="Davis and Wagner" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllocnistis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllocnistis longipalpa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipalpa">Phyllocnistis longipalpa Davis and Wagner</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="11" pageNumber="50">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 2C18
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–E">A-E</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="50" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="50">Diagnosis:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="50">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllocnistis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllocnistis longipalpa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipalpa">Phyllocnistis longipalpa</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from other
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Persea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Persea" order="Laurales" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Persea</taxonomicName>
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-feeding
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllocnistis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllocnistis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Phyllocnistis</taxonomicName>
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in the southeastern United States, by its long, slightly upcurved labial palpi (> height of head). The apical spot is poorly developed, which distinguishes it from hyperpersae. It lacks the run of raised black scales from the forewing tornus characteristic of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllocnistis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllocnistis subpersea" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subpersea">Phyllocnistis subpersea</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" type="adult">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="50">Adult</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="50">(Fig. 2C): Length of forewing: 2.3 to 2.6 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="50">
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Head: Frons shiny white, smooth with subtle faint orange tints over vertex. Flagellomeres with faint orange luster above. Labial palpus white, long, 1.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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height of head, slightly upcurved; basal segment subequal to segments 2 + 3.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">
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Thorax: Patagia and tegulae with subtle, silvery, stramineous to orange tints. Longitudinal fascia joining transverse fascia, edged with black scales above and below, with those below more consistently present distad. Transverse fascia leaves costal margin at 45° angle; proximal edge of transverse fascia where it leaves the inner margin vague, composed of 2-3 rows of dark scales. Second costal fascia fusing with transverse f
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<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="51" start="start">ascia</pageBreakToken>
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distally. Apical spot poorly differentiated; likewise apical strigulae vague and poorly developed. Black fringe scales about tornus little broadened and not conspicuously elevated above plane of wing. Legs essentially silvery white and unmarked with exception of faint orange luster to dorsal and outer surfaces of foretibiae and foretarsi; distal tarsomeres sometimes modestly darkened.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="51">Abdomen: Silvery white and unmarked.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="51">
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Male Genitalia (Figs 18
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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): Similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllocnistis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllocnistis hyperpersea" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hyperpersea">Phyllocnistis hyperpersea</taxonomicName>
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and subpersea except apex of valva not evenly rounded, instead more oblique and extended dorsad; total length of valva ~ 2.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of vinculum; basal apodemes of valva less divergent than in other species, with ventral apodeme strongly curved (Fig. 18B). Aedeagus ~ 0.65
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of valva.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="51">
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Female Genitalia (Figs 18
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<normalizedToken originalValue="D–E">D-E</normalizedToken>
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): Similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllocnistis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllocnistis perseafolia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perseafolia">Phyllocnistis perseafolia</taxonomicName>
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, with ductus bursae long, ~ 6.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of papillae anales and terminating near caudal end of corpus bursae; corpus bursae elongate-ovoid, enlarged, ~ 0.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of elongate ductus bursae; ductus seminalis ~ 2.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of corpus bursae.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="51" type="larva and pupa">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="51">Larva and pupa:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="51">Not examined.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="51" type="larval mine">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="51">Larval Mine:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="51">
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Similar to that described for
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllocnistis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllocnistis subpersea" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subpersea">Phyllocnistis subpersea</taxonomicName>
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. A long, slender, serpentine gallery, containing a dark, narrow, median frass trail, present on the underside of the leaf, with pupation occurring in a slightly enlarged, elliptical chamber at the mine terminus along the leaf edge.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="51" type="host">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="51">Host:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="51">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Persea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Persea borbonia" order="Laurales" pageId="12" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="borbonia">Persea borbonia</taxonomicName>
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(L.) Spreng.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="51" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="51">Type Material:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="51">
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Holotype: ♂, USA: FLORIDA: Dade Co: Everglades National Park: Pa-hay-okee Overlook,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="26.45">26°27'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-80.78333">80°47'W</geoCoordinate>
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: mines 12 Apr 1998, emerged 29 Apr 1998, D., M., and S. Davis, DRD 2135.1, host:
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Persea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Persea borbonia" order="Laurales" pageId="12" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="borbonia">Persea borbonia</taxonomicName>
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, (USNM). Paratypes: USA: Same data as holotype except: 1 ♂, emerged 14 Apr 1998; 3 ♂, 2 ♀ emerged 19 Apr 1998, ♀ slides 34206, 34209; 2 ♂, 1 ♀ emerged 29 Apr 1998, ♂ slides 34176, 34178, ♀ slide 34177, BOLD ID: RDOPO401-09 (USNM). Cheika [Recreation Area], NW Homestead: mines 12 Apr 1998, D., M., and S. Davis, DRD 2135, 1♀ emerged 14 Apr 1998; 2♂ emerged 19 Apr 1998, BOLD ID: RDOPO402-09 (USNM). Monroe Co: Loop Road, Tamarind Hammock,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="25.45">25°27'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-81.26667">81°16'W</geoCoordinate>
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: mine 11 Apr 1995, D., M., and S. Davis, DRD 1624, host:
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Persea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Persea borbonia" order="Laurales" pageId="12" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="borbonia">Persea borbonia</taxonomicName>
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, 1 ♂, emerged 11 Apr, 1995, BOLD ID: RDOPO400-09 (USNM). The holotype is provisionally deposited at the USNM, Washington, D.C., pending mutual resolution and agreement with the National Park Service regarding specimen deposition.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="51" type="parasitoids:">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="51">Parasitoids:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="51">Unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="51" type="flight period">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="51">Flight Period:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="51">Adults have emerged in April in southern Florida.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="51" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="51">Distribution:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="51">Known only from the Everglades National Park, Dade County, and along the Loop Road near Tamarind Hammock, Monroe County, Florida.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="51" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="51">Etymology:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="51">The specific name is derived from the Latin longus (long) and palpus (feeler), in reference to the elongate labial palpi, which are diagnostic for this species. The specific epithet is a noun in the nominative singular.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="12" pageNumber="51" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="51">Remarks:</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="12" pageNumber="51">
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We initially
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“discovered”">"discovered"</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllocnistis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllocnistis longipalpa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipalpa">Phyllocnistis longipalpa</taxonomicName>
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intermixed among our series of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllocnistis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllocnistis subpersea" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subpersea">Phyllocnistis subpersea</taxonomicName>
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in 2009. As noted in the diagnosis, adults are reliably distinguished from that species by their longer labial palpi, the absence of the numerous,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="52" start="start">broad</pageBreakToken>
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, raised tornal scales, and absence of the fuscous subbasal spot along the inner margin on the forewing which occurs in most subpersea. The larvae form serpentine mines on the undersides of new leaves, similar to those of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllocnistis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllocnistis subpersea" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subpersea">Phyllocnistis subpersea</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |