216 lines
28 KiB
XML
216 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document id="2981DBBBB42F03787A132522929DA0E7" ID-CLB-Dataset="35426" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.288.4095" ID-GBIF-Dataset="43b6b64a-b86b-4c0b-afcc-229ccecb6e16" ID-PMC="PMC3690914" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-288-1" ID-PubMed="23798897" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-288-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 288" ModsDocTitle="Generic revision and species classification of the Microdontinae (Diptera, Syrphidae)" checkinTime="1451247431953" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Reemer, Menno & Stahls, Gunilla" docDate="2013" docId="3DCC1C7A99818D3D7B7C7D6C9E2BDC6C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 288: 1-213" docOrigin="ZooKeys 288" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.288.4095" docTitle="Paramixogaster Brunetti" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="54" masterDocId="582E2572FFD0FFB3884E8864FFF1A15A" masterDocTitle="Generic revision and species classification of the Microdontinae (Diptera, Syrphidae)" masterLastPageNumber="213" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="53" updateTime="1732637934148" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="1337E74D0ECF54F66680F9CE52BD01DE" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="3BE22775AC41C2FF5964E91C9031DC4B">
|
||
<mods:title id="3629D92937530C5B2ECA7980FFAB851F">Generic revision and species classification of the Microdontinae (Diptera, Syrphidae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="F2614E8CDD19C56CD900132B8CD1FA04" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="732C677FBF892DA267145FAE88D0C6D4">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="F1978BF98EF2E7018737C97F60BB9936">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="D9C3768D1CD6306A43999F170CB62D3C">Reemer, Menno</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="6E49B9E6C1F3D9BB31937D5CA47DF830" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="ADD7D00E208A46F9AC488D7AE8DBB8E1">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="4BC0AECC23207E11FD03D27E1CFFDF22">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="2977507D175368ED84F93B393DDD8E58">Stahls, Gunilla</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="C4325D176B852BDB15506D478104D92E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="7730235AE562AE93A36C464B078EB6EA" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="484D5E481E993C5570F5E0ABDD1D1CE3">
|
||
<mods:title id="31FDD76FB4426DE090248169AE02991F">ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="82C4D2A0DCCB664F663634E11B0DC519">
|
||
<mods:date id="F7C3541B0764CA0E6F1608843492EA2B">2013</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="ACFFBE4DBF4BBD7B0EA2BFDE71AB3B32" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="DB67F8A54C63A6E1AD269B7F6BCE1945">288</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="A1D44D1F720465E4B5D8488EC22BF3C0" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="C3736E8C3BF1308C4F805828CB6D75D9">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="5B5DA5B700CB4C82D0A4ADCE27E4DE8E">213</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="0255F7E1A088693701BE2C7BD92191A7">
|
||
<mods:url id="C8DC35478CBE75F839788A353F872B0D">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.288.4095</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="B52C42A157BF6D353FE49A2741709FC0">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="29B49CCC5EDEB476AF2D8D99EACD4223" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.288.4095</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="B62E0A16A35E5ECF3935A4560777D16B" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-288-1</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="3DCC1C7A99818D3D7B7C7D6C9E2BDC6C" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152042663" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3DCC1C7A99818D3D7B7C7D6C9E2BDC6C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3DCC1C7A99818D3D7B7C7D6C9E2BDC6C" lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" scope_family="Syrphidae" scope_order="Diptera" scope_subFamily="Microdontinae">
|
||
<subSubSection id="83F24135F7B0F2AE13F36FF9B7435BB4" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="BB27D2D24C24707CCABF64CE43774290" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92B6AEE3B7CF0452CB9ACEEE9AA40C1D" ID-CoL="6FL9" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Paramixogaster" authority="Brunetti" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="E4B7636B2731DB54EF399D236E52773F" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" start="start">Paramixogaster</pageBreakToken>
|
||
Brunetti
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Figs 269-284
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7585BE751A484DD44B58980B5239C0FD" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="14F6297CBD07132E1E2629B9200A3D4D" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5131282A58D76400D22BC650FDE311C0" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paramixogaster</taxonomicName>
|
||
Brunetti, 1923: 319. Type species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8DFF67319D602AF74374021DEE376AD" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster vespiformis" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespiformis">Paramixogaster vespiformis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Brunetti, 1923: 320, by original designation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F1218CABB2F15370964366EEA05E1D84" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2501EB010A95F482D7A4DBB080E94BEE" genus="Paramixogasteroides" lsidName="Paramixogasteroides" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" rank="genus">Paramixogasteroides</taxonomicName>
|
||
Shiraki, 1930: 8. Type species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="43A674C9AD4A0F731E749AACA7D43E82" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Myxogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myxogaster variegata" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Myxogaster variegata</taxonomicName>
|
||
Sack, 1922: 16, by original designation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="922EF8A16B4ED080372978E1C218E00C" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6464262C61BB108CF6311C1F9BC226B" genus="Tanaopicera" lsidName="Tanaopicera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" rank="genus">Tanaopicera</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hul, 1945: 76. Type species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E7153E912E7820F00F4E248CCAC85FC" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Ceratophya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ceratophya variegatus" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegatus">Ceratophya variegatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Walker, 1852: 220, by original designation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="ED04A1B7771163DBE20D8E6388029CA2" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="9AD9F05F238B179DCFB38DA96CC9955C" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="06AEAFCC743258396753BC6AC32D1D73" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
Body length: 5-13 mm. Slender flies with constricted abdomen and long antennae, usually with black and yellow colour pattern, wasp mimics. Head wider than thorax. Face convex in profile; narrower than to wider than an eye. Lateral oral margins not produced. Vertex flat to strongly swollen. Occiput ventrally narrow, dorsally widened. Antennal fossa about as wide as high. Eye bare. Eye margins in male parallel, not converging at level of frons. Antenna longer than distance between antennal fossa and anterior oral margin. Basoflagellomere usually much longer than scape, except shorter in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6643F158D8182718649B8E1361272437" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster illucens" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="illucens">Paramixogaster illucens</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Bezzi) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4E2255BCA7CC3A12D880DDE369904E53" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster luxor" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luxor">Paramixogaster luxor</taxonomicName>
|
||
Curran (see Discussion); bare. Postpronotum bare. Mesoscutum with transverse suture usually incomplete, except complete in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45228FCD4E86F76D6E749AFA48BB25B7" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster contractus" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="contractus">Paramixogaster contractus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="789B59166B5BACEDB4DACCB0336E5313" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster conveniens" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conveniens">Paramixogaster conveniens</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="264CF53BCF51EEFC9DA1AC50AD616DE5" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster omeanus" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omeanus">Paramixogaster omeanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see Discussion). Scutellum semicircular; without or with small calcars. Anepisternum convex or sulcate; entirely pilose or partly bare on ventral half. Anepimeron entirely pilose. Katepimeron convex; bare. Wing: vein R4+5 with or without posterior appendix; vein M1 perpendicular to vein R4+5 and vein M; postero-apical corner of cell r4+5 rectangular to somewhat acute, with small appendix; crossvein r-m located within basal 1/4 of cell dm. Abdomen elongate, at least 3 times as long as wide; constricted, with narrowest point at tergite 2 and widest point at tergite 3 or 4. Tergites 3 and 4 fused. Male genitalia: phallus furcate, with furcation point in distal 1/3; epandrium without ventrolateral ridge; surstylus weakly furcate, only in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="90FBA1387D764CE3AC24D11CDC25301F" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster luxor" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luxor">Paramixogaster luxor</taxonomicName>
|
||
consisting of three distinct branches.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="94C18B7611E4C717852CABA3AB861A5E" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="301431A734B8B49BD630CD79085CD5B6" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="96794188FE020478C8CCBA32B6D4E011" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Postpronotum bare. Basoflagellomere at least three times as long as wide. Posterio-apical corner of wing cell r4+5 rectangular or somewhat acute. Abdomen usually constricted (i.e. with narrowest point at tergite 2 and widest point at tergite 3 or 4); if not, then the following three characters apply: 1) basoflagellomere 2-4 times as long as scape, 2) tergite 2 less than half as long as tergites 3 and 4 together, 3) face smooth medially (without vitta of transversely wrinkled texture).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A1F359686FA8084277613EBC89295024" lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="B827458B6A3434BD17F58C09FBD7BDF6" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="782A975DC1A58588D23D92107C3C9CFC" lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C60CB37F572B70E475DF581CDEAD94CA" author="Cheng, X-Y" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" pagination="21 - 48" title="A generic conspectus of the Microdontinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) with the description of two new genera from Africa and China." volume="1879" year="2008">Cheng and Thompson (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
regarded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0917B39E5CD2989385EE4F76C908A554" genus="Paramixogasteroides" lsidName="Paramixogasteroides" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" rank="genus">Paramixogasteroides</taxonomicName>
|
||
Shiraki, 1930 and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B1BBB9292831A4C14E8EDD5F16AD23C9" genus="Tanaopicera" lsidName="Tanaopicera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" rank="genus">Tanaopicera</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hull, 1945 as subjective synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5C338DD238FCF604F9D6995E7AF2DCFC" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paramixogaster</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Examination of the type species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24E2AEE958921B79D8E0FCE2E70EEA66" genus="Tanaopicera" lsidName="Tanaopicera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" rank="genus">Tanaopicera</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03592088F78439E75610813E787306B9" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Ceratophya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ceratophya variegata" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Ceratophya variegata</taxonomicName>
|
||
Walker, 1852, confirmed this opinion with regard to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="411AA5962E03D0FF459268EAF4996F07" genus="Tanaopicera" lsidName="Tanaopicera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" rank="genus">Tanaopicera</taxonomicName>
|
||
. One of the characters
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="610E3996044E8BB08902B12E17489D80" author="Hull, FM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="71 - 78" title="Some undescribed syrphid flies." volume="23" year="1945">Hull (1945)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
used to
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="0CABE957E80E088B3B51E90B384A6ABF" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" start="start">characterize</pageBreakToken>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DBD1676D73A6C73AD9DEEA850D9B62AF" genus="Tanaopicera" lsidName="Tanaopicera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" rank="genus">Tanaopicera</taxonomicName>
|
||
was 'the high, greatly developed
|
||
<normalizedToken id="26097E4A4573BA0B75D8694153ABF825" originalValue="vertex’">vertex'</normalizedToken>
|
||
. However, the vertex in the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C5AF980EC7BA8131FBCB3418F025A05" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Ceratophya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ceratophya variegata" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Ceratophya variegata</taxonomicName>
|
||
is neither high nor greatly developed. This species is very similar to other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E609B751D2BAAB88834D96E402A9149" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paramixogaster</taxonomicName>
|
||
-species in all important characters. The type species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A31756670BBD8CAAD755A0D6629F274" genus="Paramixogasteroides" lsidName="Paramixogasteroides" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" rank="genus">Paramixogasteroides</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8502016B73BB89B7F87ABD83ED76362B" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Myxogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myxogaster variegata" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Myxogaster variegata</taxonomicName>
|
||
Sack, was not examined, but its description by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="09497E3F20556C955726CF8B0560FD7F" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Sack (1922)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is clear enough to include this taxon in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57D58BB49A5B0514ED92676BB5E92D4C" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paramixogaster</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="66950DFA40478887F78EFD90F524182C" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
Morphological variation among the species presently included in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7214B4BC362347F74F590B6E00FF43F4" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paramixogaster</taxonomicName>
|
||
is large. Although most species have a constricted abdomen in dorsal view, this is not the case in the African taxa
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AAC315CF79145A4E8972C1027FD7D2" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster acantholepidis" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acantholepidis">Paramixogaster acantholepidis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Speiser, 1913) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B662F54F7D2549CDFE2E69143F76FFF5" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster crematogastri" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crematogastri">Paramixogaster crematogastri</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Speiser, 1913), and the Australian species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="708DA18024256EECCB1DA4AE5FAAD3CF" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster praetermissus" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praetermissus">Paramixogaster praetermissus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Ferguson, 1926). However, tergite 2 is dorsoventrally flattened in these species, so in lateral view their abdomen appears constricted. In all other important characters of external morphology and male genitalia these taxa belong in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0166FF3025A9540337EC7BD8A718BE8" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paramixogaster</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as corroborated by the results of the phylogenetic analysis based on morphology (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3579486C863CE7B5227F46EC61BF1444" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
Reemer and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A1CC0DA7F9BBC3130529344C127146A3" originalValue="Ståhls">Stahls</normalizedToken>
|
||
in press
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4181513EBE881435EF4B483B1FA84864" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05AA1D2F46D77D44342337315B5C65CE" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster illucens" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="illucens">Paramixogaster illucens</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Bezzi, 1915) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3F3E6539D63460C3F2BA0B6A3A8D8239" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster luxor" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luxor">Paramixogaster luxor</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Curran, 1931) are the only species included in this genus in which the basoflagellomere is shorter than the scape. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1228EB18D49C60B6BAC07E6A14521240" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster luxor" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luxor">Paramixogaster luxor</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the shape of the surstylus also differs from the other species, as it consists of three separate branches (Fig. 282). Nevertheless, both species are included in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="787661B19C801B2EC79BADCFCA78CDAD" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paramixogaster</taxonomicName>
|
||
because agree with the diagnosis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DB9178494D2ABE354A5EE6D75E4D7E5D" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AC2C65955322C4E054F0982F85D486B1" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster contractus" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="contractus">Paramixogaster contractus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Brunetti, 1923),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DE18F950B834A6B1B62A725467E2C94" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster conveniens" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conveniens">Paramixogaster conveniens</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Brunetti, 1923) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB892D502744A066807EA526DA44F61C" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster omeanus" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omeanus">Paramixogaster omeanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Paramonov, 1957) are aberrant from all other known species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="093FFF57B3751502228FA28B6445A4B6" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paramixogaster</taxonomicName>
|
||
in their complete transverse suture. This character is also found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9237C23EB7216655D509BC639CE9BEB" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Indascia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Indascia" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Indascia</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which includes species which look superficially similar to these
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97C50D4A3A06201CF61CBDDDC4DCC0B5" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paramixogaster</taxonomicName>
|
||
-species. However, these species are here assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B54B3A7F0E851F996746FF31450A1E71" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paramixogaster</taxonomicName>
|
||
, based on the phylogenetic analysis of their morphology (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="504ADF6A6ADB3CCDFFB3C9ACF3FFDE59" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
Reemer and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3DCDB220A156C053CCDE0CA328186A6B" originalValue="Ståhls">Stahls</normalizedToken>
|
||
in press
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In addition, they possess a diagnostic character for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6752C95C4F8A33CC4B9BB32F52445E9A" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paramixogaster</taxonomicName>
|
||
: the bare postpronotum. The first two species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="262D59C76AA5AC937B83815FA19875FD" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster contractus" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="contractus">Paramixogaster contractus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33D50A99AEB03DD1BE71F5C8D1AE3120" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster conveniens" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conveniens">Paramixogaster conveniens</taxonomicName>
|
||
, differ from all other studied species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A61DF161B68907D3C4471F4B64689649" lsidName="" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Microdontinae">Microdontinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the presence of pile on the metaepisternum. It will be interesting to re-evaluate their taxonomic affinities when additional material becomes available. At present, the species are only known from the holotypes, which both are females, so no characters of male genitalia or DNA could be analyzed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="700B9E4F1B2E147DDD5E2DE50E833CC6" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
As a consequence of transferring some species from other genera to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FE7F404208CE9546C4E05CD19B2C4EA" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paramixogaster</taxonomicName>
|
||
, replacement names had to be chosen for two species. Examination of the type of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0207D5335E2FF8A39EEF0EE1CD367D94" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdon vespiformis" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespiformis">Microdon vespiformis</taxonomicName>
|
||
de Meijere, 1908 made clear that this is a species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FD3CC51F48F9DEB2A388FD6861E3C450" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paramixogaster</taxonomicName>
|
||
. As
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BE09D7E7C2BC980CCF389129469BED0D" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Mixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mixogaster vespiformis" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespiformis">Mixogaster vespiformis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Brunetti, 1913 was later designated as the type species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="857C8FA214D11DE16A9087D8BA3DBE62" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paramixogaster</taxonomicName>
|
||
, these two names are now secondary homonyms. For the junior name, vespiformis Brunetti, the nomen novum
|
||
<taxonomicName id="30C6835BFAA51573195D3FD4000DCF6D" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster brunettii" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunettii">Paramixogaster brunettii</taxonomicName>
|
||
is proposed here. The other new name introduced here is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4E81ECD4A1307FA012B2C835B383543E" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramixogaster sacki" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sacki">Paramixogaster sacki</taxonomicName>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56AF7A25C06D957C9E195B3B009E25E0" genus="Paramixogasteroides" lsidName="Paramixogasteroides variegata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" rank="species" species="variegata">Paramixogasteroides variegata</taxonomicName>
|
||
Sack, 1922, which is a junior secondary homonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1A68002E33B83EF98AFC8004C59F12EE" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Ceratophya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ceratophya variegata" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Ceratophya variegata</taxonomicName>
|
||
Walker, 1852.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C040EAD9B631D0B197495099E33EC5BF" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="E25D8837A7FEFDB5FA40A1564050CD26" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Diversity and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3468B6701952A7B887B069D45E494C7" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Described species: 26. Afrotropical (5 species), Oriental (12) and Australian region (9). Several additional species, from all three regions, await description.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |