316 lines
31 KiB
XML
316 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="5185" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.69194" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4a4f35eb-49c2-44bc-ade7-82c880ebb96c" ID-PMC="PMC8355010" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-180-73" ID-Pensoft-UUID="92EAF13EC9ED5F199DA93419C15E21BE" ID-PubMed="34393578" ModsDocID="1314-2003-180-73" checkinTime="1628022045618" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Rabarijaona, Romer Narindra, Rafaralahy, Valisoa Louisicael, Rakotovao, Charles, Ranaivoson, Rindra Manasoa, Liu, Bing, Chen, Zhi-Duan, Wen, Jun & Lu, Li-Min" docDate="2021" docId="3C656A323BDC5D57A359175EE0BFD491" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 180: 73-80" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 180" docPubDate="2021-08-03" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.69194" docTitle="Cyphostemma calcarium Rabarij & L. M. Lu 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="92EAF13EC9ED5F199DA93419C15E21BE" lastPageNumber="73" masterDocId="92EAF13EC9ED5F199DA93419C15E21BE" masterDocTitle="Cyphostemma calcarium, a new species of Vitaceae from the Ankarana Special Reserve, Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="80" masterPageNumber="73" pageNumber="73" updateTime="1732872050443" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="38A1616213DBCD50361F25B972DBF988">
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<mods:title id="0F8539F2184256689FB7466F2294A266">Cyphostemma calcarium, a new species of Vitaceae from the Ankarana Special Reserve, Madagascar</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="1A14B3ABD97E777C24CF3EEAC8CFC8F6" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="EDD4F647601E504B83B5F6B3D0087C6C">Rabarijaona, Romer Narindra</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="23D8D23CE67156B7BC1C35E33FF7139D" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0472-501X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="E476ACFDDEA8BA142BE952393B839924">State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FD50FC2F9D3114A1D0138E6D6F32BE23">Rafaralahy, Valisoa Louisicael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F6754B32DD8EC5A25B6A3C16E687B905">Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Antananarivo, Madagascar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="E68E23320E2989AE21D9C3B418A2EEFA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="D6936A3498A426F6FD1710472EC91A7E">Rakotovao, Charles</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="02D15F5661A004AC4C47F3D23C6984E9">Missouri Botanical Garden, Madagascar Research and Conservation Program, BP 3391, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="34EAC35A2AC7ECCFD138C8EEEF9D6706" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="85C6848CBD15904947515FA58DD48E32">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="F8485339B2EEC547EB9A68D46017E458">Ranaivoson, Rindra Manasoa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E66078A3D8F501C8470A47F8110D76F5">State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="979180631D303338CE7A086A2692A35B">Liu, Bing</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="1F00C86E87EFDDF0980563FCB03BC4EE" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6086-253X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="758B98C55B786055EF70C86A059505F3">State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China & Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="9F63BF94FA3F645BB47BC13986D10DB1">Chen, Zhi-Duan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0CD39B15E2E7E878D3F73ADF2F63F144">State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China & Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0830D0DE82C247B9FF6E0A3672FD36CC">Wen, Jun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9450F64FE3745534C050ECAC37D40331" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6353-522X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="92D70EB0E592EFCCEAA91912435A08ED">Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, MRC 166, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="E75630C0089F514F83EFDB5A321CA771" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="CD74FBFD6F089DC1DFE17C3B9607464F">Lu, Li-Min</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="A6A7DED875F9619D20C3326F2DDC3F41" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6973-7877</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="A9CE2FF8AEBE90DAA908C48B4A432030">State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2F22E4605E1F777F063B3612C310A98B" type="email">liminlu@ibcas.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="24A4EA15087BD3E6262D61356CD6E66C">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E2DABB5F03927CA096625EE39AE09A09">
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<mods:date id="4B2816AB425CEFACB63F3370B9959694">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="88FA2A2C7578D0961D804031EE99021D">2021-08-03</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="0FB517138B67D1A3A20B63E0F8FCF905">180</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="7EA967EA51F898ECB34B6E522255523F">73</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="CF253F6E480DE823AAA6EBF216CB6A9A">80</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="7F0C9AFFF37D2AC27CDECD6D437A49AD">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.69194</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="094D0CA01CD88416036014F7827397B0">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="EEB6EB791DAE8BC6608869AEFD72BDD6" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.69194</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9872EDC726100C8696BE5C0491BAD39A" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-180-73</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="3C656A323BDC5D57A359175EE0BFD491" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183917620" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C656A323BDC5D57A359175EE0BFD491" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C656A323BDC5D57A359175EE0BFD491" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" scope_family="Vitaceae">
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<subSubSection id="3EF1740F4836A696451BDA9A9385E94D" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8296BDD87009FC90DEB16C57069592AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<taxonomicName id="2BE51BF0B0F6D54A57C7526FF1804686" ID-CoL="98Y6C" LSID="3C656A32-3BDC-5D57-A359-175EE0BFD491" authority="Rabarij & L. M. Lu" authorityName="Rabarij & L. M. Lu" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Cyphostemma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cyphostemma calcarium" order="Vitales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calcarium" status="sp. nov.">Cyphostemma calcarium Rabarij & L.M.Lu</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="8E5D58F684FEB0B22CF5CB8A326A81A7" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="297EDBD77E7EBC7DC327F7E263ECBBAB" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="description">
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<paragraph id="B69F4205565D9CFFC09696B3D05B8587" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<figureCitation id="8BBBB291BAFA2273601FF06B69BA5F03" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Comparison of two shrubby Cyphostemma species with 3 - foliolate leaves in the Ankarana Special Reserve A-E Cyphostemma calcarium sp. nov. A branches showing puberulent leaves and infructescence B-E seed morphology from Rakotovao C. et al. 6376 (Dorsal, ventral, lateral, and cross-section presented from left to right) F-J Cyphostemma rutilans Desc. F branches with glabrous leaves and inflorescence G-J seed morphology from Bardot-Vaucoulon M. 817 (Dorsal, ventral, lateral, and cross-section presented from left to right). Photos by Rakotovao Charles, Missouri Botanical Garden (A); Billiet Frieda, Meise Botanic Garden (F). The red arrow indicates an extra layer of endotestal sclereids covering the ventral infolds. Scale bars: 1 mm" figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.180.69194.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/574014" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="DF5C61278583E8EF8020A8D8D40FB4C0" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Cyphostemma calcarium sp. nov. A branches showing the inflorescence and infructescence and the bark with distinct lenticels B trichomes on the abaxial leaflet surface C flower bud constricted at the middle D flower with petals and stamens removed to show the floral disc of 4 - large free glands E fruit with a persistent stigma (Illustration by Ai-Li Li; based on Rakotovao C. et al. 6376, TAN)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.180.69194.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/574015" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">, 3</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="AD9B50B74C9A3FEA7FCDEE0D945FF62B" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="2EE426CA3D6EC60C6F826C3F582CBCB2" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7CCE966DBE40DCEBDF7E7A94363AF99E" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<taxonomicName id="2F052BA6CB6AE9D398F295B7A47E05E1" authorityName="Rabarij & L. M. Lu" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Cyphostemma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cyphostemma calcarium" order="Vitales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calcarium">
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<emphasis id="8C9237BB017FBB93F5CA2866AEE5AD70" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Cyphostemma calcarium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is most closely comparable to
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<taxonomicName id="A5915C01CF18ECD30D296A61345D37EB" lsidName="C. rutilans" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="rutilans">
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<emphasis id="1B39C6C44941A635A75D8FA110F62ECB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">C. rutilans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Desc. in morphology. It differs from the latter in having distinct pubescent branches (vs. branches entirely glabrous in
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<taxonomicName id="FBEF2DC3C43B7A2A52FBE975B933F887" lsidName="C. rutilans" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="rutilans">
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<emphasis id="B0C059D4EE3DD21970884B83225E7813" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">C. rutilans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); leaves minutely puberulous and shiny on the adaxial surface, abaxial surface densely whitish pubescent to velvety particularly on the veins (vs. leaves entirely glabrous and shiny on both sides in
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<taxonomicName id="ADC873B4C666B9A60E148AAD0B0BED5D" lsidName="C. rutilans" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="rutilans">
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<emphasis id="8763830FAF49946B13EF4DA8BF263FA7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">C. rutilans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); and leaflets broadly oblong or elliptic, base cuneate (vs. leaflets narrowly ovate, base subcordate in
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<taxonomicName id="C9FDC988213EEA45B3A4C9CCA4EF36C8" lsidName="C. rutilans" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="rutilans">
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<emphasis id="3232DC07716C0BA77D4CC0D2EB377D12" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">C. rutilans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). Seeds of
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<taxonomicName id="3DF0EAF8C2881FE307C49556E6231E1E" lsidName="C. calcarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="calcarium">
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<emphasis id="0A133B9309B4BA04BC8C825E274C000D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">C. calcarium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are ellipsoid in outline, 7-7.5
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<normalizedToken id="3EDF888EF7847B86DEB9F93961A35F57" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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3-3.5 mm, surface rugose to
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<normalizedToken id="B2F9C664BE580EA990B448B1A458CB79" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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muricate (vs. seeds globose, 5-6.5 mm in diameter, surface strongly rugose in
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<taxonomicName id="E9BE9FDE1D3C1DE4F3D4A24DD450B0FB" lsidName="C. rutilans" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="rutilans">
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<emphasis id="43C0E0AC58049CDF39F8E0BF26E1548F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">C. rutilans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="FD88BD4AFD98CEDC35E024E7DEBBC98E" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.180.69194.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/574014" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph id="2ECB124432EA4120A3501EF5672A73D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<emphasis id="8ADB41E6C0D2917A06A9352CFFD19FA4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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Comparison of two shrubby
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<taxonomicName id="1DA4B423A46E54AB11F53D0E2701C269" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Cyphostemma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cyphostemma" order="Vitales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="98D024F8298018E9561DA63ABE80AC0A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Cyphostemma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species with 3-foliolate leaves in the Ankarana Special Reserve
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<emphasis id="7E4F66B41DEFC514116D947A2F10F0E8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">A-E</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="769350BFF7E534C7EA0485993FD9DB34" authorityName="Rabarij & L. M. Lu" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Cyphostemma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cyphostemma calcarium" order="Vitales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calcarium">
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<emphasis id="714DE30B853F4644E1199F5AD9584315" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Cyphostemma calcarium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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<emphasis id="7A506063ABAD11FBCA264C5942172FB3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">A</emphasis>
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branches showing puberulent leaves and infructescence
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<emphasis id="6DC1181618C3F985F27A60245FB0A77F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">B-E</emphasis>
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seed morphology from
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<emphasis id="DC7C04E1B7998634017A20234F2F51D7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Rakotovao C. et al.</emphasis>
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6376 (Dorsal, ventral, lateral, and cross-section presented from left to right)
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<emphasis id="EFFE49580EC08C8D99316860426DA125" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">F-J</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="E837538AC26D7E2F2658E8B424034403" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Cyphostemma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cyphostemma rutilans" order="Vitales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rutilans">
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<emphasis id="D353A73661FBDFD994BAFE93CC330602" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Cyphostemma rutilans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Desc.
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<emphasis id="5EDADFC84F4E74399391AFC3777F78DC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">F</emphasis>
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branches with glabrous leaves and inflorescence
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<emphasis id="07E1CEB8010BE6AFBEC5CC4195BB32F0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">G-J</emphasis>
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seed morphology from Bardot-Vaucoulon M. 817 (Dorsal, ventral, lateral, and cross-section presented from left to right). Photos by Rakotovao Charles, Missouri Botanical Garden (
|
||
<emphasis id="B53FF4199CA039A700994872B5595C31" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">A</emphasis>
|
||
); Billiet Frieda, Meise Botanic Garden (
|
||
<emphasis id="9B0C96956F62CE8C80F416F9BD7A80BA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">F</emphasis>
|
||
). The red arrow indicates an extra layer of endotestal sclereids covering the ventral infolds. Scale bars: 1 mm
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2135F5056E547B2C318B163728DBE9A5" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="E08CB554835B21F9F62BEA2F86275AF7" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<typeStatus id="DE3AE0B9991E177076EE8E2A0583702A">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E331A6784195F0D513A00D8B2049CC4" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="CEF506C52A754D7369BEA3E11B1F1D0D" collectingDate="2013-05-16" collectorName="Rakotovao C." country="Madagascar" county="Diana" elevation="97" latitude="-12.940001" location="Tsingy Rary" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="49.117775" municipality="Ankarana Special Reserve" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antsiranana" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B47928518E909666E860A0E90396CA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="58FCC8739454E609F545A26465D90F24" name="Madagascar">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6A157A88F4CFE3C4BB7E3D0B764CB6FB" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana">Antsiranana</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty id="7F3CBFFC2C9BFDF060A163CD7E3AAEDD">Diana</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="1FEDA6D0EE41403269A8620DBF2A25EB">Ankarana Special Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="B12540CF60640CA1285DFBA98D3094EA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C656A323BDC5D57A359175EE0BFD491:B12540CF60640CA1285DFBA98D3094EA" country="Madagascar" county="Diana" latitude="-12.940001" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="49.117775" municipality="Ankarana Special Reserve" name="Tsingy Rary" stateProvince="Antsiranana">Tsingy Rary</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="90630A1A46ECE1852DEBEB5068A4F6D3" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="56" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="24.00" value="-12.940001">12°56'24.00"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="37DE70B3A63258CDAE5E731B965C2B5F" degrees="49" direction="east" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="04" value="49.117775">49°07'04"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4932E5DE259F27B1D137E94554909780" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" unit="m" value="97.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0AFFA56F6056BEF854640239F2D4F61C" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" unit="m" value="97.0">97 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="4123A0E1E4C03E3E47697F49168E1F9C" value="2013-05-16">16 May 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="D5F166043D81E977045F3AC54CE45358" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<collectorName id="13C433909FE748AC64DFAEDC57868600">Rakotovao C.</collectorName>
|
||
et al.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
6376 (
|
||
<typeStatus id="EC58380BB232F7002039F99D869EAC5E">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: TAN!)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1BC0857B926FF8A3FB0DFD5D4101DC60" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="CFFCDC9DF63178F4A87C86CE3C6FA158" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7C33DD174E49CDA8537B076F45AB4CEF" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
Succulent erect shrub, up to 2 m tall. Old stems swollen, succulent; bark smooth, lenticellate; branches brown to reddish, shortly pubescent. Tendrils absent. Stipules triangular to
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6934104B5A48D693BD7CA45DB1CBD464" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
falcate, 4-5
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DE5761DD6AF6BD9ACE10559F7AB0841D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
1.5-2.5 mm, soon caducous. Leaves 3-foliolate, central leaflet often drooping, somewhat thick and fleshy when fresh, becoming coriaceous when dry, usually folded upwards along the midrib; leaflets 3-5
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B426DA5B2F948FD3D2872B9CCCE80F3D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
1.5-2.5 cm, broadly oblong or elliptic, base cuneate, rounded to obtuse at the apex, margin shallowly denticulate; minutely puberulous and shiny on the adaxial surface, abaxial surface densely whitish pubescent to velvety particularly on the veins; venation closely reticulate, prominent. Petioles 1.5-2.5 cm long. Petiolules equal, up to 1 cm long. Inflorescence a compound dichasium, terminal, ca. 7.5 cm long, very shortly pubescent; bracts inconspicuous; pedicels 2-4 mm. Floral buds
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6D9EE303323EB1195EC72C00347C8D76" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.5 mm long, minutely puberulous or glabrescent; sepals
|
||
<normalizedToken id="39F02BA49AD5D8DC559AC42033CCF320" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.5 mm long; petals reddish; stamens 4, filaments cylindrical, ca. 2.2 mm long, anthers ca. 0.8 mm long; ovary glabrous, styles
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4E082F0323C5AFED1BFE6BB5A493807D" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.5 mm long. Fruits ellipsoid, 9-12
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C28BC9E7ABAAC7B248D4D7A8D7C5EADE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
5-7 mm, glabrous. Seeds broadly ellipsoid, 7-7.5
|
||
<normalizedToken id="EAB330EE26D3255D875370A416713AD8" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3-3.5 mm, rugose; base rostrate; beak conspicuous; apex revolute; rugae apex shallowly conspicuous on both surfaces; chalaza linear, sinuate, up to 6 mm long (ca. 6/7 of seed length); ventral ridge raised, elongate but widened in the middle, extending up to 6/7 of seed length; endosperm m-shaped in cross-section.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="C35673DA28969672C33EBE1309699C1E" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.180.69194.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/574015" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph id="22ACBA37DCDABD70D3C17AAD66D97CE5" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="0269CE4BEF0318132A122D3B942F0E76" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="084743018CCE5E76EF5D1B6A76216814" authorityName="Rabarij & L. M. Lu" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Cyphostemma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cyphostemma calcarium" order="Vitales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calcarium">
|
||
<emphasis id="9943C2765262CE6913E269C4005FEEF4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Cyphostemma calcarium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
<emphasis id="F287C5CAC8A3457FAD185BF718074885" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">A</emphasis>
|
||
branches showing the inflorescence and infructescence and the bark with distinct lenticels
|
||
<emphasis id="2837FAF48CA343CB2A0DF8D323010801" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">B</emphasis>
|
||
trichomes on the abaxial leaflet surface
|
||
<emphasis id="6B36904684B58251A165F0D6F0E32B81" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">C</emphasis>
|
||
flower bud constricted at the middle
|
||
<emphasis id="9EB54FBD548AE4947C00FC773BBD57D2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">D</emphasis>
|
||
flower with petals and stamens removed to show the floral disc of 4-large free glands
|
||
<emphasis id="FDAA634E27F5080B32F881A52032B780" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">E</emphasis>
|
||
fruit with a persistent stigma (Illustration by Ai-Li Li; based on
|
||
<emphasis id="85DFECFB164C8ED07E9C538A5DDB3280" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Rakotovao C. et al.</emphasis>
|
||
6376, TAN).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BA058570CC5FBDEE74CE2CB1D4BBD454" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="phenology">
|
||
<paragraph id="781C824DB11CC6D1A6377C6C630748F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Phenology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="47AC2E8069329EE213D5BD61BAA45806" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Flowering and fruiting around May.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B1935036163FFB6CA8E8907D821BED1F" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="E968714FEE61E330BF4344CC18F08B3A" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4EBB6064D13B4A59167149E3A386008A" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">The epithet of the species refers to the habitats on limestone outcrops.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="12AA49BD4FBD58B8905147E6970ECF47" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="9C9998CD34454D76F8043D5ADA300737" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1F008C19F8E86E991255103EB35C3B04" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
It grows on limestone outcrops in northern Madagascar at an altitude of 90-300 m. (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="2BA00694C1F7161438F8752729F1D3A0" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution map of Cyphostemma calcarium sp. nov. with the black dot showing the locality of the type specimens. Map on the right shows the position of Ankarana Special Reserve in Madagascar." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.180.69194.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/574013" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">1</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FC9BB2D9630FB949CC47EC5533BE4348" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="provisional conservation assessment">
|
||
<paragraph id="962DFDD2AD4ABB21D959DA0B047880F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Provisional conservation assessment.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DB0CC7A8C561F4286CA06C82192CC41F" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
The new species is endemic to Madagascar with distribution restricted to its type locality. It is assessed here as Critically Endangered (CR) according to the IUCN Categories and Criteria (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2BB2EB2388CF1F5A2B5E175D25CAB07C" author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Systematics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" refId="B7" refString="IUCN, 2019. Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. [accessed 20.01.2020]" title="Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. [accessed 20.01.2020]" year="2019">IUCN 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Even though the species occurs within a protected area, succulent plants are still highly sought after by collectors for their horticultural values. Seeds of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F17FF4167E33D4639CC8E72EB9353F54" authorityName="Rabarij & L. M. Lu" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Cyphostemma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cyphostemma calcarium" order="Vitales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calcarium">
|
||
<emphasis id="2F15E4BD194EC582F8A9E970DF4FFFB2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Cyphostemma calcarium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should therefore be collected, banked, and propagated to ensure its long-term conservation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="980B4DFAB2DBACAD1664F7D17B604797" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="taxonomic notes">
|
||
<paragraph id="D4B91E055FAE6762F1CFB994717D8D4A" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Taxonomic notes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CF148656A590502691B5A8AE868FA0CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
This species is described from materials collected by
|
||
<emphasis id="D42B1E12ADDF088EC93D1C52516E0AF3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Rakotovao C. et al</emphasis>
|
||
. in 2013. It was initially identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0FE30801301E1DD9DA592B66F2EE9B0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Cissus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cissus pileata" order="Vitales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pileata">
|
||
<emphasis id="AB961C6A46E54E9BD241F524803FD441" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Cissus pileata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Desc., but it clearly belongs to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E36F4CB77FE4AF93EA637E32A5E1A25A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Cyphostemma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cyphostemma" order="Vitales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2EB0DDC680FE1ECCF9C6B465C1A180F7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Cyphostemma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having constricted flower buds and floral disks with four free glands. These characters, together with its M-shaped endosperm as viewed in cross sections of the seeds and the presence of extra layers of endotestal sclereids covering the ventral infolds in cross-section, clearly distinguish the new species from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8AFA75428FA9E49B091B73157452A3CB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Cissus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cissus" order="Vitales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4C4965C6FC2207257F3B34F9C838CFEB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Cissus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. A summary of some diagnostic characters that differentiate this new species from other shrubby species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB680271DB66B3817D92F522F4A7000C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Cyphostemma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cyphostemma" order="Vitales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="83EE29D8259F640CD39D7633A09497A9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Cyphostemma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Ankarana Special Reserve is provided in Table
|
||
<tableCitation id="405092B74F3A0B44D11B4137A1F3A7F3" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Morphological comparison of four shrubby tendril-less species of Cyphostemma in the Ankarana Special Reserve, Madagascar." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/13ED5D4A1BD3CBB9FB895BC22919328A" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" tableUuid="13ED5D4A1BD3CBB9FB895BC22919328A">1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |