641 lines
62 KiB
XML
641 lines
62 KiB
XML
<document id="9AD96B15CF4A67E4293A052AA5B7D572" ID-CLB-Dataset="35473" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.511.9793" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8c162146-75c2-4204-9384-ac8e0a61ba9a" ID-PMC="PMC4523744" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-511-25" ID-PubMed="26257550" ID-ZooBank="89224AEDC82A4BE79C464C242CDF1B39" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-511-25" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 511" ModsDocTitle="New data on two remarkable Antarctic species Amblydorylaimusisokaryon (Loof, 1975) Andrássy, 1998 and Pararhyssocolpusparadoxus (Loof, 1975), gen. n., comb. n. (Nematoda, Dorylaimida)" checkinTime="1451244179013" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Elshishka, Milka, Lazarova, Stela, Radoslavov, Georgi, Hristov, Petar & Peneva, Vlada K." docDate="2015" docId="3BD7937692D980C3C5DE3C7A3BA02087" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 511: 25-68" docOrigin="ZooKeys 511" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.511.9793" docTitle="Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus Loof 1975, gen. n., comb. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="40" masterDocId="FFEC5462EA7F9A408D23534E2E2FFFE9" masterDocTitle="New data on two remarkable Antarctic species Amblydorylaimusisokaryon (Loof, 1975) Andrassy, 1998 and Pararhyssocolpusparadoxus (Loof, 1975), gen. n., comb. n. (Nematoda, Dorylaimida)" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="25" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1732726730827" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="FA50C2D7FE3C14879372BA08C5D290C8">New data on two remarkable Antarctic species Amblydorylaimusisokaryon (Loof, 1975) Andrassy, 1998 and Pararhyssocolpusparadoxus (Loof, 1975), gen. n., comb. n. (Nematoda, Dorylaimida)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="671DED19F57A3991ED95F14EFD9F204C">Elshishka, Milka</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="60C00C4845078E4B196516A6C721A5F8">Lazarova, Stela</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5C43888C2455B0242BECE6BEC3067902">Radoslavov, Georgi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EC4F2DF9A9D3C635FC06C437AB41016A">Hristov, Petar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F61C2392F62C385E746FD54DB07086B2">Peneva, Vlada K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="889141D5499D3F3AD707295116CDD526">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="47672F57288AFB5D56D83E863035E399">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E98E3567304D2C72FF898AE573B20007">
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<mods:date id="EC9430115A1321D33569722B17EAEEBA">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0D64C74F9BD9F1E8EFF6FA5844A19ED4">511</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="F6387F3B0FDABDD4AF8C57FE94E2A3F6">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="08F4DB1E5347FA41883603FE1031E405" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.511.9793</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7A31E5454A4683F8FFB0DA518D0EFE43" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-511-25</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="3BD7937692D980C3C5DE3C7A3BA02087" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152060561" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3BD7937692D980C3C5DE3C7A3BA02087" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3BD7937692D980C3C5DE3C7A3BA02087" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" scope_order="Dorylaimida" scope_phylum="Nematoda">
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<subSubSection id="7B9FBFED5DB20BEFA09177FEFB439850" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="0F341CB3428990CE54BEBD6D7CCF0196" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">Taxon classification Animalia Dorylaimida Pararhyssocolpidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8FFB2E7E45C6E4E35046BDA90A77985F" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C080C1A6928096862172420D418DED14" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="78A8EC4E77107670BA337BE5B825DC80" ID-CoL="9ZCZD" authority="Loof, 1975" authorityName="Loof" authorityYear="1975" genus="Pararhyssocolpus" lsidName="Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus (Loof, 1975)</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2835DEC3DF248722E2DA41BCAE3B2F8" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">gen. n., comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figures 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B22FFA743ABD3A9A9047372028568BA0" pageId="9" pageNumber="34" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="2F7D3FA20F6570D9E2CE4BD871FD1ACD" pageId="9" pageNumber="34">
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<taxonomicName id="768C6FA86CFE30971BB27CAC5D533764" class="Enoplea" family="Qudsianematidae" genus="Eudorylaimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eudorylaimus paradoxus" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="9" pageNumber="34" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">
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<pageBreakToken id="6DA91438EDD14FA52DAE71ACCC42C237" pageId="9" pageNumber="34" start="start">Eudorylaimus</pageBreakToken>
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paradoxus
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</taxonomicName>
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Loof, 1975
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5A6294464FE7A52002C97CE2C7D2D423" pageId="9" pageNumber="34">
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<taxonomicName id="1786741B61B11BB791BFA461F146E429" class="Enoplea" family="Nordiidae" genus="Rhyssocolpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyssocolpus paradoxus" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="9" pageNumber="34" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Rhyssocolpus paradoxus</taxonomicName>
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(Loof, 1975)
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<normalizedToken id="FC75D9587D0AA650305ABEC4A6A87D83" originalValue="Andrássy">Andrassy</normalizedToken>
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, 1986
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3B9C8CCA612FA8FDB41B854269F85173" pageId="9" pageNumber="34" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="B7E5AB7B036904A43ACEE7E04A87914A" pageId="9" pageNumber="34">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ED322D02D01DDF314E8F720A25D48DA2" pageId="9" pageNumber="34">Eighteen females, seven males and ten juveniles (J1, J3, J4) collected from three islands in Maritime Antarctic (Table 1).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="39FCA24A4310F5B66B3066CA2301A904" pageId="9" pageNumber="34" type="measurements">
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<paragraph id="CA25AFEB00955A6C42B2CE75C0305BF5" pageId="9" pageNumber="34">Measurements.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8C8EBCBA6A5781FF8F99F18D15B34933" pageId="9" pageNumber="34">See Table 5.</paragraph>
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<caption id="E83595F6BF805D5E91811F9550E4643F" ID-Table-UUID="E83595F6BF805D5E91811F9550E4643F" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/E83595F6BF805D5E91811F9550E4643F" pageId="9" pageNumber="34">
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<paragraph id="FF69B841421E9200607091FB719F218B" pageId="9" pageNumber="34">
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Table 5. Morphometrics of
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<taxonomicName id="4C715A55BD8FBBF969C96503FAC74902" genus="Pararhyssocolpus" lsidName="Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus" pageId="9" pageNumber="34" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus</taxonomicName>
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n.gen., n.comb. (adults, juveniles). All measurements, unless indicated otherwise, are in
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<normalizedToken id="F417EC5FCBF54066129E7EFA325C495E" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(and in the form: mean
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<normalizedToken id="9F9A3DE3E076C079623008C7E7EF17EA" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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SD (range).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="03779577B023BD435156EC59D6AF9132" pageId="9" pageNumber="34">
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<table id="98BBA9F2A492E3BD6E0B0C95B330EDE8" pageId="9" pageNumber="34">
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<tr id="C9E8C127069A3905F743EB153F903D1A" pageId="9" pageNumber="34">
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<th id="BDE67B045E5A79ADB6BD4FBC701F12E5" colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">Locality</th>
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<th id="4E437923CC4C6A9F3ECF6337E13EB729" colspan="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">King George Island</th>
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<th id="474AB67B2CCF6BBE580E85C22D336E3F" colspan="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">Livingston Island</th>
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<th id="1F02C26079C44AD933393925BEAF3396" colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">Nelson Island</th>
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<th id="1F9B8BB809B39F1C3366B332B147C705" colspan="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">King George Island</th>
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</tr>
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<tr id="4E939A0322E81B93D75F44951069FFBD" pageId="9" pageNumber="34">
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<th id="A58FD12CC77BC5C0F73250F3F9C6F1C5" colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">Characters</th>
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<th id="71E71D3EDF553D40CAFBD5666829B310" colspan="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">KGI1</th>
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<th id="EFE5A2DE252681906FDEBA43ABCACD23" colspan="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">CDM</th>
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<th id="76BB51A47B4AE2DAE0316D3BD50EA850" colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">S</th>
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<th id="CA2BF5458DA90ADA93E480CE96C17D8C" colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">SDC</th>
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<th id="66E22289E58A4ADC3E124E1064C29BC9" colspan="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">DM</th>
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<th id="DE8C9D24D4579BC85CD2D5C8D41F0DF6" colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">M</th>
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<th id="98921355DA52FD41902D5DD981A9EE87" colspan="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">KGI1</th>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C984C626E4B20E0ED58880A03FEF596" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" type="description">
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<paragraph id="CBA826E34B398E79C314DF1AAE030E95" pageId="10" pageNumber="35">
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<pageBreakToken id="ED0F03E5A8D4AE7C844E172A26D1029B" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B3F77BDB041E6765CDE97E7F1C1D8437" pageId="10" pageNumber="35">
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Female. Habitus curved ventrad after fixation, more so in posterior body end. Cuticle smooth, when viewed under light microscope, 3-4
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<normalizedToken id="8BA9A19975F99312E63107112B154DB7" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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thick in postlabial region, 5-7
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<normalizedToken id="0D40810546445E393B843E6B1DF6BDC4" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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at mid-body and 4-7
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<normalizedToken id="B0DDC5E273E95B15AA2E988C9674251A" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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on tail; consisting of three layers the inner one much ticker and refractive, not reaching the end of tail. Under SEM it is finely transversally striated (annules ca 0.6
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<normalizedToken id="1E19FCA1D48E4C6B0FB7B531144A5756" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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wide). Lip region appears rounded, slightly offset by a depression, 2.3-3.4 times as broad as high, lips amalgamated, outer labial and cephalic papillae protruding above lip region contour. Under SEM inner labial papillae not elevated, close to each other and to oral aperture, outer labial and cephalic papillae below the margin of oral field. Oral aperture seems round hexagonal. Lateral pores well visible (13-14 in the pharyngeal region), the first four as two pairs at the anterior end, next more or less equally spaced. Cheilostom a truncate cone. Amphidial fovea funnel-shaped, opening at level of labial depression, its aperture about half of lip region diam. Odontostyle slender, with clear lumen, aperture subterminal, narrow (Figure 22 B) and indistinct as observed by LM in adults (Figures 18
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<normalizedToken id="B13836E0B475DF6DBD126A392CE8B7EA" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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, 19B, 21F); 8-12 times longer than wide, 0.9-1.0 lip region diam. long. Odontophore simple, 1.9-2.3 times odontostyle length long. Guiding ring double, situated at 0.7-0.8 times lip region diam. from anterior end. Nerve ring located at 151-178
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<normalizedToken id="24FF326EC0A4D814AC8FE26EB0287014" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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from anterior end or 32-38% of total neck length. Pharynx consisting of slender but muscular anterior section enlarging gradually and
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<normalizedToken id="0D606BC642343613C620AFDC14B2017B" originalValue="“bibulbar”">"bibulbar"</normalizedToken>
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(
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<normalizedToken id="FBBB0FF82CC20E9AA7294CD5942D1564" originalValue="Andrássy">Andrassy</normalizedToken>
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, 1986), basal expansion with somewhat narrower middle part, 206-231
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<normalizedToken id="4434AC0178B4F899D49821DA3FAA24A1" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long or 44-52% of total neck length (Figs 14A, 18D). Dorsal nucleus (DN) lying very close to anterior edge of pharyngeal expansion. One nucleus of anterior ventrosublateral pair of pharyngeal glands well visible, large, posterior pair of ventrosublateral nuclei slightly larger, nuclei located almost at one and the same level (pharyngeal characters presented in Table 6). Cardia conoid, measuring 28-39
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<normalizedToken id="8E20071AD369B6068842708028FE2436" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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14-19
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<normalizedToken id="A0390B76DEFEE7E287427400F17A74B9" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, cell mass near cardia present in some specimens. The posterior end of the intestine with tongue-like projection. Prerectum short, 2-4 times, rectum 1.3-1.8 anal body diam. long. Distinct sphincter at prerectum and rectum junction. Genital system didelphic-amphidelphic, with both branches equally and well developed, anterior 450.5
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<normalizedToken id="D539888B4C687404A987556643EFB1E5" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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21.3 (422-478)
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<normalizedToken id="4691B7D1BFDEEA6A7BD224D1472002F1" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, posterior 463.8
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<normalizedToken id="CEFA6C514D281A19BFCB1E804AD5B356" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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37.9 (404-531)
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<normalizedToken id="19515FADFD52998A304F8FC1A780D645" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, respectively. Ovaries usually large, oviduct consisting of a tubular part and well developed pars dilatata. Sphincter between oviduct and uterus moderately developed. Uterus long (anterior 220-307
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<normalizedToken id="665E4755A144EDB5CF15A5AF6408A9CC" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, posterior 222.5-356
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<normalizedToken id="73E40BBC120DF8CABF126EA1A8F13066" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, respectively), bipartite, consists of a wider proximal part followed by narrower distal part surrounded by large hyaline cells. Uteri contain sperm. Vagina extending inwards for 55-74% of body diameter, pars proximalis 35-50
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<normalizedToken id="8AF4540E88057CCAA5F81EC878F9E81C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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22-30
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<normalizedToken id="044D6FD971FC2FBC082B6E88A78D3127" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, with straight walls, pars refringens (in lateral view) consisting of two massive trapezoidal separate sclerotised pieces with a combined width of 18-21
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<normalizedToken id="123160BE84B9473261E4328CA40FDE7D" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, pars distalis 8.5-12
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<normalizedToken id="A2154BCE4685CA15CAE6C819F4127576" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long. Vulva a transverse slit; under SEM vulval lips spindle shaped, irregularities and ruptures of body cuticle present on both sides of vulva. Lateral vulval flaps absent. In two females uterine eggs observed, measuring 133-148
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<normalizedToken id="5327DA76AFD4B37259841F71BF583994" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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68.5-77
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<normalizedToken id="F693BCD9262D0070A22E6F697DF73FBC" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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. Tail conical, ventrally arcuate, distal part offset, tip finger-like, sharply pointed. Three pairs of caudal pores.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="70911E080D12125108E6357BA3762420" pageId="10" pageNumber="35">
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<paragraph id="82AA7A6B5CDD3B43BCC25B93940929E9" pageId="10" pageNumber="35">
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Table 6. Pharyngeal characters of
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<taxonomicName id="17E5F8649F581FA49AFE43A38DC0BBD3" genus="Pararhyssocolpus" lsidName="Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus</taxonomicName>
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gen. n., n.comb. For abbreviations see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41E0760BD2E21F4B37FE726FDFEBE428" author="Loof, PAA" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings IX International Nematology Symposium (Warsaw 1967) Zesz. probl. Postep. Nauk roln." pageId="18" pageNumber="43" pagination="79 - 161" title="On the development and location of the oesophageal gland nuclei in the Dorylaimina." volume="92" year="1970">Loof and Coomans (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3FBA5F0E5D0899B5516D2781855B2945" author="Andrassy, I" journalOrPublisher="Opuscula Zoologica, Instituti Zoosystematici Universitatis Budapestinensis" pageId="16" pageNumber="41" pagination="165 - 170" title="Once more: the oesophageal gland nuclei in the dorylaimoid nematodes." volume="31" year="1998 b">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="87AE768C921DB51ED687FB40EA0FF520" originalValue="Andrássy">Andrassy</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1998b)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="D48A275F941337D182E408883286F5EF" pageId="10" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<table id="1038D1C737FD0A74EBC439A963BCCF24" pageId="10" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<tr id="52B34AB9ACB6EAE06543296101E7A0BE" pageId="10" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<th id="42D9C887B5DDBF93E0FC84315A6ECBF0" colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" rowspan="1">Locality</th>
|
||
<th id="5E4ECB97E97CE3769B014641553C9D73" colspan="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" rowspan="1">King George Island</th>
|
||
<th id="FDB84839B0A3CD261B1D3DB980E2B998" colspan="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" rowspan="1">Livingston Island</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="B5ACA7E33C1C2456F28C1D7094BDA56E" pageId="10" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<th id="AF79835BF42978849D045AED7296D3DF" colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" rowspan="1">Characters</th>
|
||
<th id="1FBA93C8AD4E47BD01FBC9BB17BD715D" colspan="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" rowspan="1">KGI1</th>
|
||
<th id="AF89378CC6F682780B1BF1094292BB2A" colspan="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" rowspan="1">CDM</th>
|
||
<th id="ED7827F49921F98104EF58AFD187EF2C" colspan="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" rowspan="1">DM</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="1B2E3CBED5FB6301BEBF4A742090215C" pageId="10" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<td id="ECC35A71C467E38B9EA3C4B7EA0B83C2" colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" rowspan="1">1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="0ECEE88A7882484E1ECB9B5F701EEE0C" pageId="10" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<td id="88216C7E6F1A5F4D68F4042FF384B1B4" colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" rowspan="1">11</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="4C40268E31131AB5051E0B5DBCD007BF" pageId="10" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<td id="9388CD6FE3C96C41D069AD873D26A508" colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" rowspan="1">12</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="CE0DC5C6EB5E05B2B12D93FB0B644227" pageId="10" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<td id="462A727D04026B60BD42B053C2C523E7" colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" rowspan="1">2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="C7C27AE3772A05DAC783346007EFF155" pageId="10" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<td id="E13D23A951BD1F9C897CA36E3981645C" colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" rowspan="1">21</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="933317ABC039FBDBDE52F9DE9107A1FB" pageId="10" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<td id="83CA3D92F5C3735DC3DF280EB96F470C" colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" rowspan="1">22</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="0ACC774D4336C47316FC5D961FEA76A0" pageId="10" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<td id="AB6F6851431B82F84008E1E1844376EF" colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" rowspan="1">1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D0D49FBE3F9ED56C449A770B8DABA9DC" pageId="10" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<td id="E232C34D37716C27F371842568FAEE0D" colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" rowspan="1">2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="03BE981426A9DF941F8A83BDB55DB595" pageId="10" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<td id="1942061F7884628B1F7B73C444855F36" colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" rowspan="1">1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="DF6C73DEC734F5B805F443C5733A9F34" pageId="10" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<td id="30C916634E8C891D487C7E6D1F7104BC" colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" rowspan="1">2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB7F137DB6AEB89EC95BAB6F80CDE8E2" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="10" pageNumber="35">
|
||
Males. General morphology similar to that of female, except for the genital system. Arrangement of pharyngeal gland nuclei presented at Table 6. Genital system
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="2CB092981BA610AC79C226AF6894542D" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" start="start">diorchic</pageBreakToken>
|
||
, testes opposed, anterior 318-474
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8EE0ED23D97B4AAA7E5CDA5A7F586067" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(n=3) and posterior 278-436
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A9133F62BB7A2A52E4D01F1E6E4F7291" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(n=2) long, respectively. Spicules dorylaimid, stout, 1.7-2.6 cloacal body diam. long. Lateral guiding piece with triangular distal part, 19-24
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FD9A216A416CDC8F09D78287F4B687E6" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long. Sperm oval, measuring 5
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B34369734C26361345ED0613BA35EEBF" originalValue="–9×3–">-9x3-</normalizedToken>
|
||
4
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2EC09E57779483682AA87CD7DEB12A1B" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
. Ventromedian supplements contiguous, 24-28 in number, preceded by one adcloacal pair of papillae located at 9-16
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FD490DD403DD574832DBE346041ECF36" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
distance from cloacal opening, out of spicules range; a series of well developed subventral spaced papillae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="569D198176FD07FD091F69D1AE1FA7C1" author="Jairajpuri, MS" journalOrPublisher="Brill, Leiden, The Netherlands" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" title="Dorylaimida" year="1992">Jairajpuri and Ahmad 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in number 11-18 observed. Post-cloacal papilla present. Tail compared to that in female with narrower finger like tip. Three pairs of caudal pores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="966ED1F5D03E1B5956A40510CCB4170F" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Juveniles. Comparison of length of functional and replacement odontostyle and body length yielded in identification of three juvenile stages (second stage juvenile not found). The tail in J1 elongated, sigmoid, in J3 tail elongate with long hyaline extension, ventrally arcuate, sometimes slightly sigmoid, sharply tipped; in J4 ventrally arcuate with gradually tapering distal part,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="701D8F00A68572629D047ADDB6E3819D" originalValue="c’">c'</normalizedToken>
|
||
decreases during successive stages to females (Table 5).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9EBD9502D96DB87C9A0CC46AF7DD3F27" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCD947DC79E50D7888BE292B316895" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Figure 14.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A671E0F91E97CEA67AE647B6FA8840D7" genus="Pararhyssocolpus" lsidName="Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Loof, 1975), gen. n., comb. n. A, B,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="317F5ABC093090E3EADD0043BB4DEF33" originalValue="D–FFemale">D-FFemale</normalizedToken>
|
||
: A Pharyngeal region (KGI) B Anterior region (KGI) D Posterior genital branch (LI, DM) E Posterior end (KGI) F Tongue like projection (KGI) Male (LI, DM): C Pharyngeal expansion. Scale bar: 50
|
||
<normalizedToken id="12478BA0B8A922334C53EFD15EDA6545" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E376F88B70D9E4B993AA4A1E39DB1921" originalValue="A–F">A-F</normalizedToken>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="8A0027024E7FFBFE0E7866EDD8CFF234" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<paragraph id="F09A80B06A78328E8F6853FCF9A9F6A0" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Figure 15.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AF2FDC9665EA744807FAA91413B46AB2" genus="Pararhyssocolpus" lsidName="Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Loof, 1975) gen. n., comb. n. Female:
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9CD3C4E333D56BFA48AC8F1B212A7C20" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||
Vulval region (KGI)
|
||
<normalizedToken id="203EC94F4C2AEDD2C43B9A928A45AF3B" originalValue="D–F">D-F</normalizedToken>
|
||
Tail ends (D, E KGI; F LI, DM). Scale bar: 50
|
||
<normalizedToken id="BAB7D33EB41DFFB48C13DDFB7EEC5543" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken id="381D184306D7710863BCF49EE529909E" originalValue="A–F">A-F</normalizedToken>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="21B1F06751369239834F206A06F75B59" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<paragraph id="589E5133D9D2CB26E14B559B458F25E9" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Figure 16.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47272BB4C48C0BE0E1557FB1EE9DD9B7" genus="Pararhyssocolpus" lsidName="Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Loof, 1975), gen. n., comb. n. Male: A Anterior region (LI, DM) B Tail end (KGI) C Lateral guiding piece (KGI). Scale bar: 50
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9E9D7A49608FAF97C7BCCF1320D039A2" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E6D37994D2A0630AC7ECF30E53749A82" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="183C0FE732AC361FC282934628F09F11" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<paragraph id="867C3ABF131FCD209E252B943B290B15" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Figure 17.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BA0FA5F8A5920C36725264B97F10DA3" genus="Pararhyssocolpus" lsidName="Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Loof, 1975), gen. n., comb. n. Juveniles (KGI):
|
||
<normalizedToken id="45AAF19B50982C8876138C80BFCC3DCB" originalValue="A–E">A-E</normalizedToken>
|
||
Lip region of A J1 B, C J3 D, E J4
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DCE0FDB63B39B7565DA54D13158D9C77" originalValue="F–J">F-J</normalizedToken>
|
||
Tail end of F J1 G, H J3 I, J J4. Scale bar: 50
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E74DA29EEE6F879BB9C556F2AABFB89B" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B5D319C3F73934315E6BAFE6E77AF19A" originalValue="A–J">A-J</normalizedToken>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="AD24A16E41AB28DEA32FD027DC6181B2" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<paragraph id="F6E0C81B0AF5DF1A841BCD0747D52001" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Figure 18.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="52469DB39633AE7A94C695987EB5FD1D" genus="Pararhyssocolpus" lsidName="Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Loof, 1975), gen. n., comb. n. Female:
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1207DB70D683F88989CDF9CB69229EFD" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||
Anterior region (A KGI; B LI, DM; C NI) D Pharyngeal expansion, cardia (KGI) E Amphidial fovea (KGI) F Entire body (KGI) G Sphincter between uterus and pars dilatata oviductus (KGI) H Anterior genital branch (KGI) I, J Vulval region (KGI) K Irregularities around vulva (KGI). Scale bars: 10
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DB8FC4D075FDCBA512F06D56A2103ED2" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F532F6B7B3DD6929AA795433FAB044A4" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||
, G,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D6994A4CAA99F97922A37F6EB918D608" originalValue="I–K">I-K</normalizedToken>
|
||
); 50
|
||
<normalizedToken id="57CE787F999445EFF3797738340D01C0" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(D, H); 6
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8B60515793BEA62870376103167E3E66" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(E); 200
|
||
<normalizedToken id="BC4CA011592C135F62E7D8E4B8743DBD" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(F).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="AE237A1AB34098863845D04DE23DDF83" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<paragraph id="AAD70FC94406B5BF3BEEA75C0C4E1B75" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Figure 19.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D5CDBAA4DA9ED6AC83E9DA58B58A7E09" genus="Pararhyssocolpus" lsidName="Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Loof, 1975), gen. n., comb. n. Male: A Pharyngeal region (LI, CDM) B, C Anterior end (B KGI; C LI, DM) D Entire body (KGI) E Sperm (KGI) F Posterior testis (KGI) G, I Spicules (KGI) H Lateral guiding piece (KGI) J Ventromedian supplements (KGI) K Subventral papillae marked by arrows (KGI). Scale bars: 50
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E488991A00A20EE0032F3B59D2756189" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(A, F); 10
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3155EED2560B488E7D501C58105D5EFD" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(B, C, E, G, H); 200
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6A32EA2912F0327B7E64E8B648A6DDC2" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(D); 20
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4F96241455DAEE977AC0EEE55D2C1F8E" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken id="464ABCD1FDAD4374A3964BFE0A59FD4D" originalValue="I–K">I-K</normalizedToken>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="609E76AC24EFCC4E1DFCDCC803106CF6" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<paragraph id="9793BC5A77CF3443313297E533F6860A" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Figure 20.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84F14933D5F546AE0897026086012012" genus="Pararhyssocolpus" lsidName="Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Loof, 1975), comb. n.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E4892DFCCDF58519C0C97A2829D5C6E6" originalValue="A–CFemale">A-CFemale</normalizedToken>
|
||
:
|
||
<normalizedToken id="35CB147E81259EEA63F07D4D2D9CD28B" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||
Tail ends (A KGI; B LI, DM; C NI).
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CA418F512DD0ABAB2991EB24D88DC8A0" originalValue="D–FMale">D-FMale</normalizedToken>
|
||
: D Posterior end (KGI) E, F Tail ends (E CDM, LI; F KGI). Scale bars: 10
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E70F100DA3D2C890FD934B917970F93B" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6C31BA5BA668105E97DA8E5A2D6D4830" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||
, E, F); 50
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4517AF292848EBAEA6239326EEF47CB7" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(D).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="84707568F971BFA2371B1BB60C638823" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<paragraph id="2C6D8531E6E0108877617077D2461546" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Figure 21.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04C50D18BF3775D637003997370BC26C" genus="Pararhyssocolpus" lsidName="Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Loof, 1975), comb. n.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="78F7E0C0EEA42331580A00E4762001A3" originalValue="A–E">A-E</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2FD14CA540206119424CE96C2F8A632D" originalValue="G–IJuveniles">G-IJuveniles</normalizedToken>
|
||
(KGI):
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4127B85684C60E8BCE38F68FCE8E1755" originalValue="A–E">A-E</normalizedToken>
|
||
Lip region of A J1 B, C J3 D, E J4
|
||
<normalizedToken id="21694DD4FBE0BA2CAA541D6440075DD6" originalValue="G–I">G-I</normalizedToken>
|
||
Tail end of G, H J3 I J4. F, JFemale: (KGI): F Lip region J Tail end. Scale bars: 6
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4316B505ECD474BBF13614F6028144AD" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(A); 10
|
||
<normalizedToken id="408F86E7F7E6D0C4FB9A0D4728D91E35" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken id="63A0379B6BFE72691299639B8C56F5D6" originalValue="B–J">B-J</normalizedToken>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="E1065471110A14D46B1CBC6488352470" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<paragraph id="A04FB0C111B323F68CB7BFF8274415E5" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Figure 22. SEM micrographs.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7585CE468632579E4240FE627776DC0" genus="Pararhyssocolpus" lsidName="Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Loof, 1975), comb. n.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5FBFD442C6515C38772A5125F333D04B" originalValue="A–H">A-H</normalizedToken>
|
||
, JFemale:
|
||
<normalizedToken id="53F631ACC10C661A73C3D10030A0C478" originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
|
||
Lip region (A Sublateral view (NI); B Lateral view (NI); C, D (LI) In face view) E Vulval region (NI) F Cuticle striations (NI) G, H Vulval region, irregularities around vulva, lateral body pores marked by arrows (NI) J Tail end (LI) I,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="698F68DC95EB8B546D413A7C833439D8" originalValue="K–M">K-M</normalizedToken>
|
||
Male (LI): I Posterior end, lateral view K Tail end L Cloaca M Ventromedian supplements and subventral papillae (marked by arrows). Scale bars: 5
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A466BE6459C7FCA027F04CC3B6D6D977" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(A, B, D); 10
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B9F9519196162352B5DBA8CFCF16FE8E" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(C, G, H, J, L, M); 50
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0426306A8563029CC33DF6B63EFDB3A5" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(I); 20
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E4A1AD8597B3A3D736383346F3538951" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(K); 2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2E1C14B323E67AF356B2E2FBB451D383" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(E); 1
|
||
<normalizedToken id="68221B786B0AEFE8F36C2744A3D31A6D" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(F).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="0DCE8D8B9E72888C361B7B730F841972" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<paragraph id="F762793EDB1ED2120BEED7E1EC186E63" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Figure 23.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D7AE50921768CB9B724D211E9D823B58" genus="Pararhyssocolpus" lsidName="Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Loof, 1975), comb. n. Scatter plot of the functional (●) and replacement odontostyle (▲) in relation to the body length of the juvenile stages and adults: females (▲) and males (▲).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="66FC486619554EE71B9D77E358EF5DF8" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<paragraph id="F2186CBB55502DBC9DC947B288A802AA" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Figure 24. Hypothesis of the phylogenetic relationships of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7C0BB08DD6AED15D7A5C97D0EC865276" class="Enoplea" family="Qudsianematidae" genus="Amblydorylaimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblydorylaimus isokaryon" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="isokaryon">Amblydorylaimus isokaryon</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Loof, 1975) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FA5FC468F62034A4D2C921A6469F85C" genus="Pararhyssocolpus" lsidName="Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Loof, 1975), gen. n. comb. n. based on 18S rDNA (61 sequences) inferred from a Bayesian analysis using GTR+G model and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EAEE3BDB224AD3D53F845293BFEA75B3" class="Enoplea" family="Mononchidae" genus="Coomansus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coomansus gerlachei" order="Mononchida" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="gerlachei">Coomansus gerlachei</taxonomicName>
|
||
(de Man, 1904) for rooting the tree. Posterior probabilities higher than 0.8 are presented.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="452CD968519E449A129BC9933BCEE82A" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<paragraph id="144A2EA7F61A282536523F7328C953A8" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Figure 25. Hypothesis of the phylogenetic relationships of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="930C2F16B47AEF37F4A80E5F6891D398" class="Enoplea" family="Qudsianematidae" genus="Amblydorylaimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblydorylaimus isokaryon" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="isokaryon">Amblydorylaimus isokaryon</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Loof, 1975) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="89C5E7BB420543A29CAE2F3B81D83AB0" genus="Pararhyssocolpus" lsidName="Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Loof, 1975), gen. n. comb. n. based on 18S rDNA of closest species (17 sequences) inferred from a Bayesian analysis using GTR+G model and midpoint rooting of the tree. Posterior probabilities higher than 0.8 are presented. Species coloured according the classification of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="82B576F86247769E290C31F82D1507AA" author="Andrassy, I" journalOrPublisher="Budapest" pageId="16" pageNumber="41" title="Free-living nematodes of Hungary (Nematoda errantia), III." volumeTitle="Pedozoologica Hungarica" year="2009 a">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="02AAAA5F52997A4B394EF31EDCEFCBF8" originalValue="Andrássy">Andrassy</normalizedToken>
|
||
(2009a)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F183F9168A388FF9C5A9D285067CFE49" author="Pena-Santiago, R" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="19" pageNumber="44" pagination="418 - 428" title="An integrative approach to assess the phylogeny and the systematics of rounded-tailed genera of the subfamily Qudsianematinae (Nematoda, Dorylaimida)." url="10.1111/zsc.12058" volume="43" year="2014">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CE59DC1F7ABBFBEA31E4DC037A127AD1" originalValue="Peña-Santiago">Pena-Santiago</normalizedToken>
|
||
and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4E794F93956B47841E10442C8680380A" originalValue="Álvarez-Ortega">Alvarez-Ortega</normalizedToken>
|
||
(2014)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: dark blue - fam.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="19D7FBC693D50954B97DD48E595C4B72" class="Enoplea" family="Aporcelaimidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Aporcelaimidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, light blue - fam.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5AFCF0AB20B8EA43B74D58F3827EA259" class="Enoplea" family="Actinolaimidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Actinolaimidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, green - fam.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67FF229347DB758560A522EAFE21D6D6" class="Enoplea" family="Dorylaimidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Dorylaimidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, red - fam.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EA0C8D5B6EA1DC1DC03C732496C287AC" class="Enoplea" family="Qudsianematidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Qudsianematidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="7B6AA3AC1D48CF6AC65D105AEB5F08A5" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<paragraph id="70BC669A7F2EF492C2B88C7E2E7CE184" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Figure 26. Hypothesis of the phylogenetic relationships of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BE488BD0785A71A9AEF4856AEC22284B" class="Enoplea" family="Qudsianematidae" genus="Amblydorylaimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblydorylaimus isokaryon" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="isokaryon">Amblydorylaimus isokaryon</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Loof, 1975) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC8CEEF98D74CEA5985E8A2F1F5BE9F1" genus="Pararhyssocolpus" lsidName="Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Loof, 1975), gen. n. comb. n. based on 28S rDNA D2-D3 inferred from a Bayesian analysis using GTR+G model and midpoint rooting of the tree. Posterior probabilities higher than 0.8 are presented. Species coloured according the classification of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="46A0FEB2CB5DAB1747EB428B8064C63D" author="Andrassy, I" journalOrPublisher="Budapest" pageId="16" pageNumber="41" title="Free-living nematodes of Hungary (Nematoda errantia), III." volumeTitle="Pedozoologica Hungarica" year="2009 a">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="EEACB062AA28016059D0A229E7761260" originalValue="Andrássy">Andrassy</normalizedToken>
|
||
(2009a)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E8C005B140265C890967A55345E78295" author="Pena-Santiago, R" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="19" pageNumber="44" pagination="418 - 428" title="An integrative approach to assess the phylogeny and the systematics of rounded-tailed genera of the subfamily Qudsianematinae (Nematoda, Dorylaimida)." url="10.1111/zsc.12058" volume="43" year="2014">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0E9CD4F413876E9175FEB036D889EE5F" originalValue="Peña-Santiago">Pena-Santiago</normalizedToken>
|
||
and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="657534AD69F0D57064978CEC4B16CEF2" originalValue="Álvarez-Ortega">Alvarez-Ortega</normalizedToken>
|
||
(2014)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: dark blue - fam.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="38C69FC86C9E2914C571EBF34DF92974" class="Enoplea" family="Aporcelaimidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Aporcelaimidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, light blue - fam.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E95DA8A060B55C9AC0C8DD23334A0BBF" class="Enoplea" family="Actinolaimidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Actinolaimidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, dark green - fam.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E0840B44C393DEFE726BE9EE99746C6B" class="Enoplea" family="Dorylaimidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Dorylaimidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, light green - fam.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39C5E3594B53D9C994C1A8FDCF68399D" class="Enoplea" family="Thornenematidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Thornenematidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, red - fam.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22E25AF6A9AE1F2C321B59EF6E903E0A" class="Enoplea" family="Qudsianematidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Qudsianematidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, yellow - fam.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="879C0484EA5B077B3FC7E06F5C7D73B1" family="Swangeriidae" lsidName="" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" rank="family">Swangeriidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, violet - fam.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6A7B29914E8193AB8618544EE98E3B95" class="Enoplea" family="Belondiridae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Belondiridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. *For abbreviations of localities see Table 1
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6A9C8EB1251C54C5556BA6A08C9DFA79" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" type="sequence and phylogenetic analyses">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B53E08099F2F15C2AA5F3602FB5A578" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">Sequence and phylogenetic analyses.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F67B2C52206A9867883ADBD3BBA49A97" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="11" pageNumber="36">
|
||
The BLAST search using D2-D3 region sequence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E221E7F7D1F275CE0D273FA8F474F0F2" genus="Pararhyssocolpus" lsidName="Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. n., comb. n. showed highest similarity (93%) to the sequences of several
|
||
<taxonomicName id="63E9FE40A9CF7A695BDAD0F97039101C" class="Enoplea" family="Thornenematidae" genus="Opisthodorylaimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opisthodorylaimus sylphoides" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="sylphoides">Opisthodorylaimus sylphoides</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Williams, 1959) Carbonell & Coomans, 1985 clones and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D559636ACAD9529BF5EB072B39C9F3F" class="Enoplea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Prodorylaimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prodorylaimus" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Prodorylaimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (AY593008-10, EF207241,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="464FC867AF92B81534ACFD0105BEB8B9" author="Holterman, M" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Ecology Resources" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" pagination="23 - 34" title="A ribosomal DNA-based framework for the detection and quantification of stress-sensitive nematode families in terrestrial habitats." url="10.1111/j.1471-8286.2007.01963.x" volume="8" year="2008">Holterman et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The 18S rDNA sequence showed 99% similarity to several dorylaimid
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="99A3AAD545963AD52645E9C52D1A25EE" pageId="12" pageNumber="37" start="start">species</pageBreakToken>
|
||
belonging to different families including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67AF3AFFA52D056EED0F90E377E29D29" class="Enoplea" family="Qudsianematidae" genus="Amblydorylaimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblydorylaimus isokaryon" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="12" pageNumber="37" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="isokaryon">Amblydorylaimus isokaryon</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and various
|
||
<taxonomicName id="81AA9EA83B742FD35E371C9E04639F24" class="Enoplea" family="Aporcelaimidae" genus="Aporcelaimellus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aporcelaimellus" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="12" pageNumber="37" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Aporcelaimellus</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. The hypothesis testing using closely and more distantly related 18S rDNA sequences (Figure 24) revealed distant relationship of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D8DE8058C5E5A356F9C8F88DC6427B65" genus="Pararhyssocolpus" lsidName="Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus" pageId="12" pageNumber="37" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. n., comb. n. to the only available sequences of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="90BC38E609ECAB9945DE5146B776F563" class="Enoplea" family="Nordiidae" genus="Rhyssocolpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyssocolpus" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="12" pageNumber="37" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Rhyssocolpus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9729CBE4B1ED999363BFA7A8A7473B23" originalValue="Andrássy">Andrassy</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1971 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="11D12548C3E3064145D2175D579F469C" class="Enoplea" family="Nordiidae" genus="Rhyssocolpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyssocolpus vinciguerrae" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="12" pageNumber="37" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="vinciguerrae">Rhyssocolpus vinciguerrae</taxonomicName>
|
||
Pedram, Pourjam, Robbins, Ye,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4F7E792BA09B067146453784647013DD" originalValue="Peña-Santiago">Pena-Santiago</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 2011, Figure 4) (fam.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EAABCBD515E8F31F6F8D8FB08B4D9E60" class="Enoplea" family="Nordiidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="12" pageNumber="37" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Nordiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E30E5D6B96A4D583BAF13292ACCC4A" class="Enoplea" family="Qudsianematidae" genus="Eudorylaimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eudorylaimus" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="12" pageNumber="37" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Eudorylaimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F21733D0049CA72356EC2F33845A1A75" originalValue="Andrássy">Andrassy</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1959 (two
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96BF7DD14EB93654E39DB8D8CF1A2BD5" class="Enoplea" family="Qudsianematidae" genus="Eudorylaimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eudorylaimus" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="12" pageNumber="37" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Eudorylaimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp.) (fam.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEE58ABC540822F2FDC5119441549079" class="Enoplea" family="Qudsianematidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="12" pageNumber="37" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Qudsianematidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The ambiguous position of both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3BF68F27321B123AD3790357DBD816C5" genus="Pararhyssocolpus" lsidName="Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus" pageId="12" pageNumber="37" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. n., comb. n. and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C56128C5933F13E6A01C9753BE68676D" class="Enoplea" family="Qudsianematidae" genus="Amblydorylaimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblydorylaimus isokaryon" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="12" pageNumber="37" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="isokaryon">Amblydorylaimus isokaryon</taxonomicName>
|
||
could be a result of the low resolution of the SSU rDNA, non-monophyly of these four families and/or probably incorrect species identifications. The majority of the nematode sequences belonging to the superfamily
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8F6921E5BCBED45F063650F9428019E6" lsidName="Dorylaimoidea" pageId="12" pageNumber="37" rank="superfamily" superfamily="Dorylaimoidea">Dorylaimoidea</taxonomicName>
|
||
de Man, 1876 available at the GenBank have no morphological and metrical data and their identification is questionable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="45E3942A3AE2EA45DC98B35B41A5BEC2" pageId="12" pageNumber="37">
|
||
In an additional analysis using the most closely related sequences performed in order to clarify the possible evolutionary relationships of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8F46474713FB1C2135A06BA789E20D93" genus="Pararhyssocolpus" lsidName="Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus" pageId="12" pageNumber="37" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. n., comb. n. (Figure 25): it clustered into the same clade with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B89F70D336EE5AA56DFC92FB3051F1D0" class="Enoplea" family="Qudsianematidae" genus="Amblydorylaimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblydorylaimus isokaryon" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="12" pageNumber="37" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="isokaryon">Amblydorylaimus isokaryon</taxonomicName>
|
||
and some other species of the families
|
||
<taxonomicName id="547B5FC28FDB8B786D2BF63821BAB615" class="Enoplea" family="Qudsianematidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="12" pageNumber="37" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Qudsianematidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F718418B0B3F5B15600043A75585C414" class="Enoplea" family="Dorylaimidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="12" pageNumber="37" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Dorylaimidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D89BBE05ABEE12DBBBED7863D28F88D2" class="Enoplea" family="Aporcelaimidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="12" pageNumber="37" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Aporcelaimidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Further, in the 28S rDNA-based phylogenetic tree
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4A40110CE367CA738930E0581B40056B" genus="Pararhyssocolpus" lsidName="Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus" pageId="12" pageNumber="37" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. n., comb. n. grouped with species belonging to different families (Figure 26) and no close relationships to any of them were revealed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E7706594433F90C25E6D1B4310132BE4" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="12" pageNumber="37" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="F055CCDD4F35EA0017F0B2E04541147D" pageId="12" pageNumber="37">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8A8302A8BB6E8C966E64D38EB01FDB4C" pageId="12" pageNumber="37">
|
||
The specimens examined generally agree well with data reported for this species, although some differences occurred: lip region offset by slight depression vs deep depression; vulva transverse vs "probably pore-like rather than transverse", smaller DN-DO distance (0.5-1 vs 1.6-3.4%) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="31965310A5C2397383C70553BDE988B8" author="Loof, PAA" journalOrPublisher="Nematologica" pageId="18" pageNumber="43" pagination="219 - 255" title="Dorylaimoidea from some subantarctic islands." url="10.1163/187529275X00581" volume="21" year="1975">Loof 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Further, the distinct sphincter at prerectum/rectum junction, tongue-like structure at the posterior end of intestine and subventral papillae in male were not mentioned in the original description.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="562E60A7E1C19BEECB178BD3745AFA0E" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="13" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="AE2C68596E617CA865BE5AF74E3CC7C6" pageId="13" pageNumber="38" start="start">Originally</pageBreakToken>
|
||
this species was attributed to family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C9D7617FAAA9E700B44C2E891638457" class="Enoplea" family="Qudsianematidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="13" pageNumber="38" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Qudsianematidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6899D8982B1E0F9361039E3C203D830B" author="Loof, PAA" journalOrPublisher="Nematologica" pageId="18" pageNumber="43" pagination="219 - 255" title="Dorylaimoidea from some subantarctic islands." url="10.1163/187529275X00581" volume="21" year="1975">Loof (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
placed it in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="057D5A35BCC31D0306A81599BD299DD4" class="Enoplea" family="Qudsianematidae" genus="Eudorylaimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eudorylaimus" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="13" pageNumber="38" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Eudorylaimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, because of widened near the middle pharynx and numerous ventromedian supplements. Nevertheless, he reported that it showed several characters close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="07CCF2B0441DA74E838E57E9448DAE72" class="Enoplea" family="Nordiidae" genus="Rhyssocolpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyssocolpus" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="13" pageNumber="38" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Rhyssocolpus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(shape of lip region, short odontostyle, and wrinkled cuticle near vulva, although he regarded the last one a not generic rank character). Subsequently
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8E2BB7C1BF8BCC980A8B00423A83F48F" author="Andrassy, I" journalOrPublisher="Opusculla Zoologica Budapest" pageId="16" pageNumber="41" pagination="3 - 42" title="The genus Eudorylaimus Andrassy, 1959 and the present status of its species (Nematoda: Qudsianematidae)." volume="22" year="1986">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="160D107E439149CF388532F1124E30AE" originalValue="Andrássy">Andrassy</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1986)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
included it in family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31820F62B07940B2A9747358E58921A7" class="Enoplea" family="Nordiidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="13" pageNumber="38" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Nordiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C577AA82202778106C8CC3BFE4BCFDCC" class="Enoplea" family="Nordiidae" genus="Rhyssocolpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyssocolpus" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="13" pageNumber="38" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Rhyssocolpus</taxonomicName>
|
||
) ignoring the characters in which this species differs from the other members of genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="15BEF556432A7B5C8F27C63DA1D9740D" class="Enoplea" family="Nordiidae" genus="Rhyssocolpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyssocolpus" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="13" pageNumber="38" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Rhyssocolpus</taxonomicName>
|
||
e.g. the greater number of contiguous ventromedian supplements and specific shape of pharyngeal expansion. Again,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1363220DFB2C4AFA0A3E0408CE29B5E5" author="Loof, PAA" journalOrPublisher="Nematologica" pageId="18" pageNumber="43" pagination="62 - 70" title="Enchodelusmorgensis n. sp. and considerations on the genus Rhyssocolpus Andrassy, 1971 (Nematoda: Dorylaimidae)." url="10.1163/002825988X00053" volume="34" year="1988">Loof (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported that many features of this species (numerous and contiguous supplements, pharyngeal expansion at about half pharynx length, DN lying at about 60% of pharynx, distinct first pair of ventrosublateral pharyngeal glands) conflicted with the diagnosis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D969879EF5577DA52D3E919CE97803CB" class="Enoplea" family="Nordiidae" genus="Rhyssocolpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyssocolpus" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="13" pageNumber="38" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Rhyssocolpus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and continued to regard this Antarctic species as a member of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B916B38161371E767BABFD5F3A01E40F" class="Enoplea" family="Qudsianematidae" genus="Eudorylaimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eudorylaimus" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="13" pageNumber="38" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Eudorylaimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DDC0B2C9F8C50E0BA215B30D52D94603" class="Enoplea" family="Qudsianematidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="13" pageNumber="38" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Qudsianematidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Very recently,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="97953A0F87349D579078FA99C841626D" author="Pena-Santiago, R" journalOrPublisher="Nematology" pageId="19" pageNumber="44" pagination="139 - 153" title="Characterisation of an Iberian population of Rhyssocolpusiuventutis Andrassy, 1971 (Dorylaimida: Nordiidae), with a revised taxonomy of the genus." url="10.1163/15685411-00002857" volume="17" year="2015">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4D6F88C16B350E3D0F4E4DF0740EB2CB" originalValue="Peña-Santiago">Pena-Santiago</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. (2015)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provided a revised taxonomy of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EF305D9F72D9FE7E12AA990222A8603" class="Enoplea" family="Nordiidae" genus="Rhyssocolpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyssocolpus" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="13" pageNumber="38" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Rhyssocolpus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and proposed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E69371156BA7AB1B7221029B2E272D7D" class="Enoplea" family="Nordiidae" genus="Rhyssocolpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyssocolpus paradoxus" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="13" pageNumber="38" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Rhyssocolpus paradoxus</taxonomicName>
|
||
be retained under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E1B0BDDE9897A7A8DFE6ABCADD0C988" class="Enoplea" family="Qudsianematidae" genus="Eudorylaimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eudorylaimus" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="13" pageNumber="38" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Eudorylaimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, it differs from the latter genus by the arrangement of ventromedian supplements in males (contiguous vs
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="5020A8F2B19A17DADBCB2031B7196C87" pageId="14" pageNumber="39" start="start">spaced</pageBreakToken>
|
||
), double vs single guiding ring, slender vs wider odontostyle and specific shape of pharyngeal expansion.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6B7253013A6BD5D2B9FF0D80A3F11BE8" pageId="14" pageNumber="39">
|
||
Recent molecular studies (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A91C9F8652BAAC063B4167F1DFEE44C" author="Holterman, M" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Ecology Resources" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" pagination="23 - 34" title="A ribosomal DNA-based framework for the detection and quantification of stress-sensitive nematode families in terrestrial habitats." url="10.1111/j.1471-8286.2007.01963.x" volume="8" year="2008">Holterman et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3DAF6AEEA716C5D7CAA47C1ACAAEA0FA" author="Pedram, M" journalOrPublisher="Nematology" pageId="19" pageNumber="44" pagination="927 - 937" title="Description of Rhyssocolpusvinciguerrae sp. n. (Dorylaimida, Nordiidae) from Iran and the first molecular study of this genus." url="10.1163/138855411X565224" volume="13" year="2011">Pedram et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE971A62787B7DF7F49292E66C9EFA5E" author="Pena-Santiago, R" journalOrPublisher="Nematology" pageId="19" pageNumber="44" pagination="139 - 153" title="Characterisation of an Iberian population of Rhyssocolpusiuventutis Andrassy, 1971 (Dorylaimida: Nordiidae), with a revised taxonomy of the genus." url="10.1163/15685411-00002857" volume="17" year="2015">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4A45385E6843899E6A1E251E1F6BEB88" originalValue="Peña-Santiago">Pena-Santiago</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) as well as our molecular data inferred from the analysis of 18S and D2-D3 expansion segments of the 28S rDNA, showed that this genus could not be assigned to any known
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2D8E5C1294C61C46ECD38F42F9F69F8E" lsidName="Dorylaimoidea" pageId="14" pageNumber="39" rank="superfamily" superfamily="Dorylaimoidea">Dorylaimoidea</taxonomicName>
|
||
family.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0809443F62548F727071533ED7FB6DF0" pageId="15" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="D3D780AEDBD98E4D2B67866874CB6426" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" start="start">With</pageBreakToken>
|
||
considering the differences discussed above, as well as molecular data, the herein studied species cannot be regarded either as a member of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F3E7C6B80F8FE90E147357C5CA47C539" class="Enoplea" family="Nordiidae" genus="Rhyssocolpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyssocolpus" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Rhyssocolpus</taxonomicName>
|
||
or the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1B8E940879A2F1B25FE199169567E208" class="Enoplea" family="Qudsianematidae" genus="Eudorylaimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eudorylaimus" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Eudorylaimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and their attributed families, consequently a new genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03C7E6E11485A14C47E4FE12198F8A3C" genus="Pararhyssocolpus" lsidName="Pararhyssocolpus" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" rank="genus">Pararhyssocolpus</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. n., and a new family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0F8C75F1A15F14A1A2D0EB5AAC4C77AF" family="Pararhyssocolpidae" lsidName="" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" rank="family">Pararhyssocolpidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
fam. n. are proposed to accommodate this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |