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<mods:title id="B4D369971F551104EB7CD3A3BCD935C0">A taxonomic review of the neotropical genus Coprophanaeus Olsoufieff, 1924 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F33E183FC5477F6D57715CE57C2B9431">Edmonds, W. D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="96E3DB7747227D838020CEE2647C07F7">Zidek, J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="28FF305B172759111EE3ECA6FABBEFA8">Coprophanaeus bonariensis (Gory)</mods:affiliation>
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<heading id="E9217D567F6F886EFF34FA9223F0ED72" bold="true" box="[192,928,1314,1339]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="75D6B1B97F6F886EFF34FA9223F0ED72" ID-CoL="Y6CD" authority="(Linne, 1767)" baseAuthorityName="Linne" baseAuthorityYear="1767" box="[192,928,1314,1339]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lancifer" subGenus="Megaphanaeus">
<emphasis id="80A216287F6F886EFF34FA9223F0ED72" bold="true" box="[192,928,1314,1339]" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="80A216287F6F886EFF34FA9221C7ED72" bold="true" box="[192,407,1314,1339]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">Coprophanaeus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="80A216287F6F886EFE51FA922223ED72" bold="true" box="[421,627,1314,1339]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">Megaphanaeus</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="80A216287F6F886EFD76FA9222BEED72" bold="true" box="[642,750,1314,1339]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">lancifer</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D647B7CB7F6F886EFD0FFA9223C8ED72" author="Linne, C." box="[763,920,1314,1339]" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" refId="ref58730" refString="Linne, C. 1767. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I, Pars II. Editio duodecima reformata. Salvii; Stockholm. 795 p." type="book" year="1767">Linné, 1767</bibRefCitation>
)
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<figureCitation id="2AEDD6BF7F6F886EFF34FAF321EAED12" box="[192,442,1347,1371]" captionStart="Figure 13-27" captionStartId="15.[192,276,1691,1713]" captionTargetBox="[280,1357,196,1662]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[280,1357,195,1662]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 13-27. Characters of the Coprophanaeus subgenus Megaphanaeus. 13) Elytral surface of C. lancifer. 14) Same, C. ensifer. 15) Same, C. bonariensis. 16) Same, C. bellicosus. 17) Mesosternum and anterior portion of metasternum of C. lancifer (arrow indicates smooth area of metasternum). 18) Metasternum of C.lancifer. 19) Same, C. ensifer. 20) Dorsal view of posteromedian pronotal prominence of female C. ensifer (broad form). 21) Same (narrow form). 22) Partial lateral view of pronotum male C. ensifer (arrow indicates lateral spine). 23) Same, C. lancifer (arrow indicates vertical ridge). 24) Dorsal view of posteromedian pronotal prominence of male C. lancifer. 25) Same, female (broad form). 26) Same (narrow form). 27) Anterior view of cephalic process of female C. bellicosus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5352934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5352934/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">Fig. 13, 17-18, 23-26</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="2AEDD6BF7F6F886EFE30FAF321B4ED12" box="[452,484,1347,1371]" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="16.[192,276,1892,1914]" captionTargetBox="[258,1375,196,1848]" captionTargetId="figure-17@16.[258,1378,193,1848]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 28. Approximate geographic distribution of Coprophanaeus (Megaphanaeus) species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5352936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5352936/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">28</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="2AEDD6BF7F6F886EFE1BFAF32264ED12" box="[495,564,1347,1371]" captionStart="Figure 35-39" captionStartId="20.[192,277,1517,1539]" captionTargetBox="[241,1410,217,1492]" captionTargetId="figure-142@20.[235,1413,210,1500]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 35-39. Coprophanaeus lancifer. 35-36) Female habitus. 37-38) Male habitus (arrow in 37 indicates posterolateral pronotal ridge). 39) Aedeagus (lateral view on left; dorsal view on right)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5352940" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5352940/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">35-39</figureCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="3377EC2B7F6F886EFF34FA3322D0EDD2" author="Linne, C." box="[192,640,1411,1435]" page="544" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" year="1767">
<taxonomicName id="75D6B1B97F6F886EFF34FA3322D0EDD2" ID-CoL="4V289" authority="Linne, 1767: 544" authorityName="Linne" authorityPageNumber="544" authorityYear="1767" box="[192,640,1411,1435]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Scarabaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lancifer">
<emphasis id="80A216287F6F886EFF34FA3321E2EDD2" box="[192,434,1411,1435]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">Scarabaeus lancifer</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D647B7CB7F6F886EFE43FA3322D0EDD2" author="Linne, C." box="[439,640,1411,1435]" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" refId="ref58730" refString="Linne, C. 1767. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I, Pars II. Editio duodecima reformata. Salvii; Stockholm. 795 p." type="book" year="1767">Linné, 1767: 544</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="75D6B1B97F6F886EFF34FA1322E6EDF2" ID-CoL="79W6M" authority="Lichtenstein, 1796: 5" authorityName="Lichtenstein" authorityPageNumber="5" authorityYear="1796" box="[192,694,1443,1467]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Scarabaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="satelles">
<emphasis id="80A216287F6F886EFF34FA1321FFEDF2" box="[192,431,1443,1467]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">Scarabaeus satelles</emphasis>
Lichtenstein, 1796: 5
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(syn. by 
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<bibRefCitation id="D647B7CB7F6F886EFCEBFA1323A1EDF2" author="Nevinson, B. G." box="[799,1009,1443,1467]" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" refId="ref59368" refString="Nevinson, B. G. 1892. Revised synonymic list of species in the genera Phanaeus MacLeay and Oxysternon Castelnau. Privately published; London. 10 p." type="book" year="1892">Nevinson 1892: 5</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="3377EC2B7F6F886EFF34FA73222AED92" author="Castelnau, F. L." box="[192,634,1475,1499]" page="80" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" year="1840">
<taxonomicName id="75D6B1B97F6F886EFF34FA73222AED92" ID-CoL="4FSMK" authority="Castelnau, 1840: 80" authorityName="Castelnau" authorityPageNumber="80" authorityYear="1840" box="[192,634,1475,1499]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heros">
<emphasis id="80A216287F6F886EFF34FA7321D2ED92" box="[192,386,1475,1499]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">Phanaeus heros</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D647B7CB7F6F886EFE73FA73222AED92" author="Castelnau, F. L." box="[391,634,1475,1499]" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" refId="ref56774" refString="Castelnau, F. L. 1840. Histoire naturelle des insectes coleopteres, vol. 2. Dumenil; Paris. 563 p." type="book" year="1840">Castelnau, 1840: 80</bibRefCitation>
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(syn. by 
<treatmentCitation id="3377EC2B7F6F886EFD11FA7323E7ED92" author="Nevinson, B. G." box="[741,951,1475,1499]" page="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" year="1892">
<bibRefCitation id="D647B7CB7F6F886EFD11FA7323E7ED92" author="Nevinson, B. G." box="[741,951,1475,1499]" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" refId="ref59368" refString="Nevinson, B. G. 1892. Revised synonymic list of species in the genera Phanaeus MacLeay and Oxysternon Castelnau. Privately published; London. 10 p." type="book" year="1892">Nevinson 1892: 5</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="B269CA3A7F6F886EFF34FA5323EEEDB2" blockId="19.[192,1208,1411,1627]" box="[192,958,1507,1531]" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="92C6ED147F6F886EFF34FA5323EEEDB2" box="[192,958,1507,1531]" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">
<treatmentCitation id="3377EC2B7F6F886EFF34FA532229EDB2" author="Castelnau, F. L." box="[192,633,1507,1531]" page="80" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" year="1840">
<taxonomicName id="75D6B1B97F6F886EFF34FA532229EDB2" ID-CoL="4FSMY" authority="Castelnau, 1840: 80" authorityName="Castelnau" authorityPageNumber="80" authorityYear="1840" box="[192,633,1507,1531]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miles">
<emphasis id="80A216287F6F886EFF34FA5321D1EDB2" box="[192,385,1507,1531]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">Phanaeus miles</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D647B7CB7F6F886EFE73FA532229EDB2" author="Castelnau, F. L." box="[391,633,1507,1531]" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" refId="ref56774" refString="Castelnau, F. L. 1840. Histoire naturelle des insectes coleopteres, vol. 2. Dumenil; Paris. 563 p." type="book" year="1840">Castelnau, 1840: 80</bibRefCitation>
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(syn. by 
<treatmentCitation id="3377EC2B7F6F886EFD17FA5323E5EDB2" author="Nevinson, B. G." box="[739,949,1507,1531]" page="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" year="1892">
<bibRefCitation id="D647B7CB7F6F886EFD17FA5323E5EDB2" author="Nevinson, B. G." box="[739,949,1507,1531]" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" refId="ref59368" refString="Nevinson, B. G. 1892. Revised synonymic list of species in the genera Phanaeus MacLeay and Oxysternon Castelnau. Privately published; London. 10 p." type="book" year="1892">Nevinson 1892: 5</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="B269CA3A7F6F886EFF34F9B323ECEE72" blockId="19.[192,1208,1411,1627]" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="92C6ED147F6F886EFF34F9B323ECEE72" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">
<treatmentCitation id="3377EC2B7F6F886EFF34F9B32282EE52" author="Pessoa, S. B." box="[192,722,1539,1563]" page="291" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" year="1934">
<taxonomicName id="75D6B1B97F6F886EFF34F9B32282EE52" ID-CoL="4FSNQ" authority="Pessoa, 1934: 291" authorityName="Pessoa" authorityPageNumber="291" authorityYear="1934" box="[192,722,1539,1563]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">
<emphasis id="80A216287F6F886EFF34F9B321A5EE52" box="[192,501,1539,1563]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">Phanaeus septentrionalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D647B7CB7F6F886EFE0FF9B32282EE52" author="Pessoa, S. B." box="[507,722,1539,1563]" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" pagination="279 - 314" refId="ref59777" refString="Pessoa, S. B. 1934. Contribuicao para o conhecimento das especies brasileiras do genero Phanaeus. (Col. Scarabaeidae). Annaes da Faculdade da Medicina de Sao Paulo 10: 279 - 314." type="journal article" year="1934">Pessôa, 1934: 291</bibRefCitation>
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(syn. by 
<treatmentCitation id="3377EC2B7F6F886EFCC8F9B324FFEE52" author="Martinez, A. &amp; F. S. Pereira" box="[828,1199,1539,1563]" page="60" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="D647B7CB7F6F886EFCC8F9B324FFEE52" author="Martinez, A. &amp; F. S. Pereira" box="[828,1199,1539,1563]" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" pagination="53 - 69" refId="ref59045" refString="Martinez, A., and F. S. Pereira. 1967. Notas escarabeidologicas III. (Col. Scarabaeidae - Scarabaeinae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina 29: 53 - 69." type="journal article" year="1967">Martínez and Pereira 1967: 60</bibRefCitation>
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) 
<taxonomicName id="75D6B1B97F6F886EFF34F993218BEE72" ID-CoL="Y6CD" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1767" box="[192,475,1571,1595]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Megaphanaeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lancifer">
<emphasis id="80A216287F6F886EFF34F993218BEE72" box="[192,475,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">Megaphanaeus lancifer</emphasis>
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(L.) (recomb. by 
<treatmentCitation id="3377EC2B7F6F886EFD55F99323E4EE72" author="Blackwelder, R. E." box="[673,948,1571,1595]" page="209" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" year="1944">
<bibRefCitation id="D647B7CB7F6F886EFD55F99323E4EE72" author="Blackwelder, R. E." box="[673,948,1571,1595]" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" pagination="189 - 341" refId="ref56650" refString="Blackwelder, R. E. 1944. Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, West Indies and South America. Part 2. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 185: 189 - 341." type="journal article" year="1944">Blackwelder 1944: 209</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="B269CA3A7F6F886EFF34F9F323CEEE12" blockId="19.[192,1208,1411,1627]" box="[192,926,1603,1627]" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="92C6ED147F6F886EFF34F9F323CEEE12" box="[192,926,1603,1627]" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName id="75D6B1B97F6F886EFF34F9F321B1EE12" ID-CoL="Y6CD" baseAuthorityName="Linne" baseAuthorityYear="1767" box="[192,481,1603,1627]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lancifer">
<emphasis id="80A216287F6F886EFF34F9F321B1EE12" box="[192,481,1603,1627]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">Coprophanaeus lancifer</emphasis>
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(L.) (recomb. by 
<treatmentCitation id="3377EC2B7F6F886EFD5CF9F323C6EE12" author="Edmonds, W. D." box="[680,918,1603,1627]" page="841" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" year="1972">
<bibRefCitation id="D647B7CB7F6F886EFD5CF9F323C6EE12" author="Edmonds, W. D." box="[680,918,1603,1627]" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" pagination="731 - 874" refId="ref56889" refString="Edmonds, W. D. 1972. Comparative skeletal morphology, systematic and evolution of the phanaeine dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). The University of Kansas Science Bulletin 49: 731 - 874." type="journal article" year="1972">Edmonds 1972: 841</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
)
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FACC99B17F6F886EFF34F933215CEE92" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B269CA3A7F6F886EFF34F933215CEE92" blockId="19.[192,1440,1667,1755]" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="80A216287F6F886EFF34F933215DEED2" bold="true" box="[192,269,1667,1691]" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">Type.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="75D6B1B97F6F886EFEE0F93421C4EED2" baseAuthorityName="Linne" baseAuthorityYear="1767" box="[276,404,1667,1691]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lancifer">
<emphasis id="80A216287F6F886EFEE0F93421C4EED2" box="[276,404,1667,1691]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">S. lancifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– unknown to us; 
<taxonomicName id="75D6B1B97F6F886EFD8FF934228EEED2" box="[635,734,1667,1691]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heros">
<emphasis id="80A216287F6F886EFD8FF934228EEED2" box="[635,734,1667,1691]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">P. heros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– unknown to us; 
<taxonomicName id="75D6B1B97F6F886EFC30F9342477EED2" authorityName="Castelnau" authorityYear="1840" box="[964,1063,1667,1691]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miles">
<emphasis id="80A216287F6F886EFC30F9342477EED2" box="[964,1063,1667,1691]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">P. miles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– unknown to us; 
<taxonomicName id="75D6B1B97F6F886EFAF9F93425D9EED2" authorityName="Lichtenstein" authorityYear="1796" box="[1293,1417,1667,1691]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Scarabaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="satelles">
<emphasis id="80A216287F6F886EFAF9F93425D9EED2" box="[1293,1417,1667,1691]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">S. satelles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– unknown to us; 
<materialsCitation id="02BEC0677F6F886EFE8AF9142158EE92" location="Universidade" municipality="Museu de Zoologia" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo" typeStatus="holotype">
<taxonomicName id="75D6B1B97F6F886EFE8AF9142201EEF2" authorityName="Pessoa" authorityYear="1934" box="[382,593,1699,1723]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">
<emphasis id="80A216287F6F886EFE8AF9142201EEF2" box="[382,593,1699,1723]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">P. septentrionalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<typeStatus id="6D6D74987F6F886EFD9EF9132282EEF2" box="[618,722,1699,1723]" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
female, 
<collectingMunicipality id="520D50407F6F886EFCC2F9142449EEF2" box="[822,1049,1699,1723]" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">Museu de Zoologia</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="B7099CE17F6F886EFBD7F9132497EEF2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F6F886EFBD7F9132497EEF2" box="[1059,1223,1699,1723]" municipality="Museu de Zoologia" name="Universidade" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" stateProvince="Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo">Universidade</location>
de 
<collectingRegion id="701204D87F6F886EFB1AF9132158EE92" isEnumeration="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">São Paulo, São Paulo</collectingRegion>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FACC99B17F6F8869FF34F8B3226DEF06" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="19" pageNumber="16" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B269CA3A7F6F8869FF34F8B3242DEEE6" blockId="19.[192,1440,1795,1915]" lastBlockId="20.[191,1439,1623,1871]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="80A216287F6F886EFF34F8B32100EF52" bold="true" box="[192,336,1795,1819]" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="80A216287F6F886EFEA1F8B321E6EF52" box="[341,438,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">General</emphasis>
– Pronotum (
<figureCitation id="2AEDD6BF7F6F886EFDADF8B32286EF52" box="[601,726,1795,1819]" captionStart="Figure 13-27" captionStartId="15.[192,276,1691,1713]" captionTargetBox="[280,1357,196,1662]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[280,1357,195,1662]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 13-27. Characters of the Coprophanaeus subgenus Megaphanaeus. 13) Elytral surface of C. lancifer. 14) Same, C. ensifer. 15) Same, C. bonariensis. 16) Same, C. bellicosus. 17) Mesosternum and anterior portion of metasternum of C. lancifer (arrow indicates smooth area of metasternum). 18) Metasternum of C.lancifer. 19) Same, C. ensifer. 20) Dorsal view of posteromedian pronotal prominence of female C. ensifer (broad form). 21) Same (narrow form). 22) Partial lateral view of pronotum male C. ensifer (arrow indicates lateral spine). 23) Same, C. lancifer (arrow indicates vertical ridge). 24) Dorsal view of posteromedian pronotal prominence of male C. lancifer. 25) Same, female (broad form). 26) Same (narrow form). 27) Anterior view of cephalic process of female C. bellicosus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5352934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5352934/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">Fig. 25-26</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="2AEDD6BF7F6F886EFD14F8B32379EF52" box="[736,809,1795,1819]" captionStart="Figure 35-39" captionStartId="20.[192,277,1517,1539]" captionTargetBox="[241,1410,217,1492]" captionTargetId="figure-142@20.[235,1413,210,1500]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 35-39. Coprophanaeus lancifer. 35-36) Female habitus. 37-38) Male habitus (arrow in 37 indicates posterolateral pronotal ridge). 39) Aedeagus (lateral view on left; dorsal view on right)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5352940" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5352940/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">35, 38</figureCitation>
) strongly granulate posteromedially. Posterolateral pronotal ridge (
<figureCitation id="2AEDD6BF7F6F886EFE8DF893219EEF72" box="[377,462,1827,1851]" captionStart="Figure 35-39" captionStartId="20.[192,277,1517,1539]" captionTargetBox="[241,1410,217,1492]" captionTargetId="figure-142@20.[235,1413,210,1500]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 35-39. Coprophanaeus lancifer. 35-36) Female habitus. 37-38) Male habitus (arrow in 37 indicates posterolateral pronotal ridge). 39) Aedeagus (lateral view on left; dorsal view on right)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5352940" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5352940/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
, arrow) short, not extending to lateral pronotal fossa. Metasternal shield (
<figureCitation id="2AEDD6BF7F6F886EFAB1F89325C7EF72" box="[1349,1431,1827,1851]" captionStart="Figure 13-27" captionStartId="15.[192,276,1691,1713]" captionTargetBox="[280,1357,196,1662]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[280,1357,195,1662]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 13-27. Characters of the Coprophanaeus subgenus Megaphanaeus. 13) Elytral surface of C. lancifer. 14) Same, C. ensifer. 15) Same, C. bonariensis. 16) Same, C. bellicosus. 17) Mesosternum and anterior portion of metasternum of C. lancifer (arrow indicates smooth area of metasternum). 18) Metasternum of C.lancifer. 19) Same, C. ensifer. 20) Dorsal view of posteromedian pronotal prominence of female C. ensifer (broad form). 21) Same (narrow form). 22) Partial lateral view of pronotum male C. ensifer (arrow indicates lateral spine). 23) Same, C. lancifer (arrow indicates vertical ridge). 24) Dorsal view of posteromedian pronotal prominence of male C. lancifer. 25) Same, female (broad form). 26) Same (narrow form). 27) Anterior view of cephalic process of female C. bellicosus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5352934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5352934/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="16">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
) smooth centrally, punctate peripherally; anterior portion of metasternum completely smooth, shiny medially, finely granulate laterally. Basal two-thirds of elytral striae 2-4 moderately undulate, width at widest points about one-half of that at narrowings; carinulate margins usually tuberculate at narrowings 
<figureCitation id="2AEDD6BF7F688869FF4BF9C72143EEC6" box="[191,275,1655,1679]" captionStart="Figure 13-27" captionStartId="15.[192,276,1691,1713]" captionTargetBox="[280,1357,196,1662]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[280,1357,195,1662]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 13-27. Characters of the Coprophanaeus subgenus Megaphanaeus. 13) Elytral surface of C. lancifer. 14) Same, C. ensifer. 15) Same, C. bonariensis. 16) Same, C. bellicosus. 17) Mesosternum and anterior portion of metasternum of C. lancifer (arrow indicates smooth area of metasternum). 18) Metasternum of C.lancifer. 19) Same, C. ensifer. 20) Dorsal view of posteromedian pronotal prominence of female C. ensifer (broad form). 21) Same (narrow form). 22) Partial lateral view of pronotum male C. ensifer (arrow indicates lateral spine). 23) Same, C. lancifer (arrow indicates vertical ridge). 24) Dorsal view of posteromedian pronotal prominence of male C. lancifer. 25) Same, female (broad form). 26) Same (narrow form). 27) Anterior view of cephalic process of female C. bellicosus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5352934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5352934/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="17">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
). Interstriae granulorugose, granulation, if distinct, confined to apical one-third of interstriae 2-6. Dorsal color usually dark blue, rarely green or bluish green. Length 
<quantity id="752E67DF7F688869FC08F9272429EEE6" box="[1020,1145,1687,1711]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="20" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="39.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="28.0">28-50 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E6A99AB27F688869FF34FA5D24DEEE68" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5352940" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5352940" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5352940/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="17" startId="20.[192,277,1517,1539]" targetBox="[241,1410,217,1492]" targetPageId="20">
<paragraph id="B269CA3A7F688869FF34FA5D24DEEE68" blockId="20.[192,1440,1517,1569]" pageId="20" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="80A216287F688869FF34FA5D2136EE4A" bold="true" box="[192,358,1517,1539]" pageId="20" pageNumber="17">Figure 35-39.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="75D6B1B97F688869FE84FA5E22D0EE4A" baseAuthorityName="Linne" baseAuthorityYear="1767" box="[368,640,1518,1539]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lancifer">
<emphasis id="80A216287F688869FE84FA5E22D0EE4A" box="[368,640,1518,1539]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="17">Coprophanaeus lancifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="80A216287F688869FD65FA5D228AEE4A" bold="true" box="[657,730,1517,1539]" pageId="20" pageNumber="17">35-36)</emphasis>
Female habitus. 
<emphasis id="80A216287F688869FC5DFA5D23A2EE4A" bold="true" box="[937,1010,1517,1539]" pageId="20" pageNumber="17">37-38)</emphasis>
Male habitus (arrow in 37 indicates posterolateral pronotal ridge). 
<emphasis id="80A216287F688869FDECF9BA226EEE69" bold="true" box="[536,574,1546,1568]" pageId="20" pageNumber="17">39)</emphasis>
Aedeagus (lateral view on left; dorsal view on right).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B269CA3A7F688869FF1BF9072320EF46" blockId="20.[191,1439,1623,1871]" pageId="20" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="80A216287F688869FF1BF907217DEE86" box="[239,301,1719,1743]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="17">Male</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2AEDD6BF7F688869FEC8F90721EBEE86" box="[316,443,1719,1743]" captionStart="Figure 13-27" captionStartId="15.[192,276,1691,1713]" captionTargetBox="[280,1357,196,1662]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[280,1357,195,1662]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 13-27. Characters of the Coprophanaeus subgenus Megaphanaeus. 13) Elytral surface of C. lancifer. 14) Same, C. ensifer. 15) Same, C. bonariensis. 16) Same, C. bellicosus. 17) Mesosternum and anterior portion of metasternum of C. lancifer (arrow indicates smooth area of metasternum). 18) Metasternum of C.lancifer. 19) Same, C. ensifer. 20) Dorsal view of posteromedian pronotal prominence of female C. ensifer (broad form). 21) Same (narrow form). 22) Partial lateral view of pronotum male C. ensifer (arrow indicates lateral spine). 23) Same, C. lancifer (arrow indicates vertical ridge). 24) Dorsal view of posteromedian pronotal prominence of male C. lancifer. 25) Same, female (broad form). 26) Same (narrow form). 27) Anterior view of cephalic process of female C. bellicosus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5352934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5352934/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="17">Fig. 23-24</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="2AEDD6BF7F688869FE33F907225CEE86" box="[455,524,1719,1743]" captionStart="Figure 35-39" captionStartId="20.[192,277,1517,1539]" captionTargetBox="[241,1410,217,1492]" captionTargetId="figure-142@20.[235,1413,210,1500]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 35-39. Coprophanaeus lancifer. 35-36) Female habitus. 37-38) Male habitus (arrow in 37 indicates posterolateral pronotal ridge). 39) Aedeagus (lateral view on left; dorsal view on right)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5352940" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5352940/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="17">37-39</figureCitation>
) – Pronotal concavity flanked on each side beneath central prominence by sharp, oblique carina (
<figureCitation id="2AEDD6BF7F688869FE21F967227CEEA6" box="[469,556,1751,1775]" captionStart="Figure 13-27" captionStartId="15.[192,276,1691,1713]" captionTargetBox="[280,1357,196,1662]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[280,1357,195,1662]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 13-27. Characters of the Coprophanaeus subgenus Megaphanaeus. 13) Elytral surface of C. lancifer. 14) Same, C. ensifer. 15) Same, C. bonariensis. 16) Same, C. bellicosus. 17) Mesosternum and anterior portion of metasternum of C. lancifer (arrow indicates smooth area of metasternum). 18) Metasternum of C.lancifer. 19) Same, C. ensifer. 20) Dorsal view of posteromedian pronotal prominence of female C. ensifer (broad form). 21) Same (narrow form). 22) Partial lateral view of pronotum male C. ensifer (arrow indicates lateral spine). 23) Same, C. lancifer (arrow indicates vertical ridge). 24) Dorsal view of posteromedian pronotal prominence of male C. lancifer. 25) Same, female (broad form). 26) Same (narrow form). 27) Anterior view of cephalic process of female C. bellicosus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5352934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5352934/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="17">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
, arrow). Dorsal prominence wide, width of saddle usually much greater than length. Apical process of parameres acute in profile.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B269CA3A7F688869FF1BF8A72573EF66" blockId="20.[191,1439,1623,1871]" box="[239,1315,1815,1839]" pageId="20" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="80A216287F688869FF1BF8A72119EF66" box="[239,329,1815,1839]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="17">Female</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2AEDD6BF7F688869FEA3F8A72184EF66" box="[343,468,1815,1839]" captionStart="Figure 13-27" captionStartId="15.[192,276,1691,1713]" captionTargetBox="[280,1357,196,1662]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[280,1357,195,1662]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 13-27. Characters of the Coprophanaeus subgenus Megaphanaeus. 13) Elytral surface of C. lancifer. 14) Same, C. ensifer. 15) Same, C. bonariensis. 16) Same, C. bellicosus. 17) Mesosternum and anterior portion of metasternum of C. lancifer (arrow indicates smooth area of metasternum). 18) Metasternum of C.lancifer. 19) Same, C. ensifer. 20) Dorsal view of posteromedian pronotal prominence of female C. ensifer (broad form). 21) Same (narrow form). 22) Partial lateral view of pronotum male C. ensifer (arrow indicates lateral spine). 23) Same, C. lancifer (arrow indicates vertical ridge). 24) Dorsal view of posteromedian pronotal prominence of male C. lancifer. 25) Same, female (broad form). 26) Same (narrow form). 27) Anterior view of cephalic process of female C. bellicosus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5352934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5352934/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="17">Fig. 25-26</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="2AEDD6BF7F688869FE2AF8A72273EF66" box="[478,547,1815,1839]" captionStart="Figure 35-39" captionStartId="20.[192,277,1517,1539]" captionTargetBox="[241,1410,217,1492]" captionTargetId="figure-142@20.[235,1413,210,1500]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 35-39. Coprophanaeus lancifer. 35-36) Female habitus. 37-38) Male habitus (arrow in 37 indicates posterolateral pronotal ridge). 39) Aedeagus (lateral view on left; dorsal view on right)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5352940" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5352940/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="17">35-36</figureCitation>
) – Protarsi present. Pronotal concavity lacking oblique carinae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B269CA3A7F688869FF1BF887226DEF06" blockId="20.[191,1439,1623,1871]" box="[239,573,1847,1871]" pageId="20" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="80A216287F688869FF1BF88721BFEF06" box="[239,495,1847,1871]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="17">Specimens examined</emphasis>
– 351.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FACC99B17F698868FF34FF7321AAEB32" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B269CA3A7F698868FF34FF73247AE892" blockId="21.[192,1066,195,219]" box="[192,1066,195,219]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FF34FF732125E892" bold="true" box="[192,373,195,219]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Distribution.</emphasis>
Amazonian subregion of the Neotropical region (
<figureCitation id="2AEDD6BF7F698868FC32FF73244DE892" box="[966,1053,195,219]" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="16.[192,276,1892,1914]" captionTargetBox="[258,1375,196,1848]" captionTargetId="figure-17@16.[258,1378,193,1848]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 28. Approximate geographic distribution of Coprophanaeus (Megaphanaeus) species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5352936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5352936/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B269CA3A7F698868FF34FEB321AAEB32" blockId="21.[192,1441,259,891]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FF34FEB32181E952" bold="true" box="[192,465,259,283]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Collection Records.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="02BEC0677F698868FE2CFEB323CEE952" box="[472,926,259,283]" collectorName="Apr" country="Bolivia" location="Beni" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Beni">
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FE2CFEB32207E952" bold="true" box="[472,599,259,283]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">
<collectingCountry id="CAC18AAA7F698868FE2CFEB32207E952" box="[472,599,259,283]" name="Bolivia" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: 
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FD93FEB322F8E952" bold="true" box="[615,680,259,283]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">
<collectingRegion id="701204D87F698868FD93FEB322F8E952" box="[615,680,259,283]" country="Bolivia" name="Beni" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Beni</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
– Magdalena (
<collectorName id="1F23AFEC7F698868FC95FEB323C4E952" box="[865,916,259,283]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Apr</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="02BEC0677F698868FC5DFEB32280E972" collectorName="Dec" country="Bolivia" latitude="-11.407499" location="Cobija" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-69.017784" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pando">
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FC5DFEB32452E952" bold="true" box="[937,1026,259,283]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">
<collectingRegion id="701204D87F698868FC5DFEB32452E952" box="[937,1026,259,283]" country="Bolivia" name="Pando" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Pando</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
– 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FBD5FEB32420E952" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FBD5FEB32420E952" box="[1057,1136,259,283]" country="Bolivia" latitude="-11.407499" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-69.017784" name="Cobija" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Pando">Cobija</location>
[Reserva San Sebastian Tahuamanu], 
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FE84FE9321A2E972" box="[368,498,289,315]" degrees="11" direction="south" minutes="24" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="15" seconds="27" value="-11.407499">
11 
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24’27”S
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<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FE0EFE9322D5E972" box="[506,645,289,315]" degrees="69" direction="west" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="15" seconds="04" value="-69.017784">
69 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FDECFE912270E966" attach="none" box="[536,544,289,303]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
01’04”W
</geoCoordinate>
(
<collectorName id="1F23AFEC7F698868FD61FE932298E972" box="[661,712,291,315]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Dec</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="02BEC0677F698868FD28FE93238DE972" box="[732,989,291,315]" country="Bolivia" location="Guayaramerin" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pando">
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FD28FE9323C3E972" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FD28FE9323C3E972" box="[732,915,291,315]" country="Bolivia" name="Guayaramerin" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Pando">Guayaramerin</location>
(Dec)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="02BEC0677F698868FC1DFE9421C0E912" collectorName="Feb &amp; Dec" country="Bolivia" elevation="120" latitude="-11.833333" location="Guayamerin" longLatPrecision="1294" longitude="-65.36667" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pando">
near 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FBDDFE932498E972" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FBDDFE932498E972" box="[1065,1224,291,315]" country="Bolivia" latitude="-11.833333" longLatPrecision="1294" longitude="-65.36667" name="Guayamerin" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Pando">Guayamerin</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FB20FE93257EE972" box="[1236,1326,289,315]" degrees="11" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="925" value="-11.833333">
11 
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50’S
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FAC1FE9325CCE972" box="[1333,1436,289,315]" degrees="65" direction="west" minutes="22" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="925" value="-65.36667">
65 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FAA7FE91250BE966" attach="none" box="[1363,1371,289,303]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
22’W
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="752E67DF7F698868FF34FEF3215BE912" box="[192,267,323,347]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="120.0">
<elevation id="39FB2D097F698868FF34FEF3215BE912" box="[192,267,323,347]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</elevation>
</quantity>
(
<collectorName id="1F23AFEC7F698868FEEEFEF3211BE912" box="[282,331,323,347]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Feb</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="1F23AFEC7F698868FEA2FEF321D8E912" box="[342,392,323,347]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Dec</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="02BEC0677F698868FE6FFEF323DCE912" box="[411,908,321,347]" country="Bolivia" elevation="120" latitude="-9.783334" location="Fortaleza" longLatPrecision="1299" longitude="-65.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pando">
<quantity id="752E67DF7F698868FE6FFEF32189E912" box="[411,473,323,347]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
E 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FE0CFEF32222E912" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FE0CFEF32222E912" box="[504,626,323,347]" country="Bolivia" latitude="-9.783334" longLatPrecision="1299" longitude="-65.5" name="Fortaleza" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Pando">Fortaleza</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FD89FEF32297E912" box="[637,711,321,347]" degrees="9" direction="south" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="925" value="-9.783334">
9 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FD78FEF122C4E906" attach="none" box="[652,660,321,335]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
47’S
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FD3AFEF32365E912" box="[718,821,321,347]" degrees="65" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="925" value="-65.5">
65 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FD18FEF122A4E906" attach="none" box="[748,756,321,335]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
30’W
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="752E67DF7F698868FCCBFEF323DCE912" box="[831,908,323,347]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="120.0">
<elevation id="39FB2D097F698868FCCBFEF323DCE912" box="[831,908,323,347]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="02BEC0677F698868FC6CFEF32528E912" box="[920,1400,321,348]" collectorName="Feb" country="Bolivia" elevation="120" latitude="-9.866667" location="Rio Negro" longLatPrecision="1298" longitude="-65.7" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pando">
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FC6CFEF32446E915" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FC6CFEF32446E915" box="[920,1046,323,348]" country="Bolivia" latitude="-9.866667" longLatPrecision="1298" longitude="-65.7" name="Rio Negro" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Pando">Río Negro</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FBD5FEF3243BE912" box="[1057,1131,321,347]" degrees="9" direction="south" minutes="52" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="925" value="-9.866667">
9 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FBDBFEF12467E906" attach="none" box="[1071,1079,321,335]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
52’S
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FB86FEF32489E912" box="[1138,1241,321,347]" degrees="65" direction="west" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="925" value="-65.7">
65 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FB64FEF124C8E906" attach="none" box="[1168,1176,321,335]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
42’W
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="752E67DF7F698868FB17FEF3257EE912" box="[1251,1326,323,347]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="120.0">
<elevation id="39FB2D097F698868FB17FEF3257EE912" box="[1251,1326,323,347]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</elevation>
</quantity>
(
<collectorName id="1F23AFEC7F698868FAC9FEF3253FE912" box="[1341,1391,323,347]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Feb</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="02BEC0677F698868FA76FEF3235DE932" collectorName="Feb" country="Bolivia" elevation="120" latitude="-10.366667" location="20 km SW Villa Bella" longLatPrecision="1298" longitude="-65.36667" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pando">
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FA76FEF321F2E932" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FA76FEF321F2E932" country="Bolivia" latitude="-10.366667" longLatPrecision="1298" longitude="-65.36667" name="20 km SW Villa Bella" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Pando">
<quantity id="752E67DF7F698868FA76FEF320B8E932" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
SW Villa Bella
</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FE58FED32255E932" box="[428,517,353,379]" degrees="10" direction="south" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="925" value="-10.366667">
10 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FE3EFED12182E926" attach="none" box="[458,466,353,367]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
22’S
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FDFFFED32221E932" box="[523,625,353,379]" degrees="65" direction="west" minutes="22" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="925" value="-65.36667">
65 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FDDDFED12261E926" attach="none" box="[553,561,353,367]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
22’W
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="752E67DF7F698868FD8FFED32295E932" box="[635,709,355,379]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="120.0">
<elevation id="39FB2D097F698868FD8FFED32295E932" box="[635,709,355,379]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</elevation>
</quantity>
(
<collectorName id="1F23AFEC7F698868FD27FED32354E932" box="[723,772,355,379]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Feb</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="02BEC0677F698868FCE3FED32577E932" box="[791,1319,353,379]" country="Bolivia" elevation="280" latitude="-11.407499" location="Tahuamanu" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-69.017784" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pando">
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FCE3FED323E1E932" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FCE3FED323E1E932" box="[791,945,355,379]" country="Bolivia" latitude="-11.407499" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-69.017784" name="Tahuamanu" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Pando">Tahuamanu</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FC48FED3246DE932" box="[956,1085,353,379]" degrees="11" direction="south" minutes="24" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="15" seconds="27" value="-11.407499">
11 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FC2DFED123B1E926" attach="none" box="[985,993,353,367]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
24’27”S
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FBB6FED32480E932" box="[1090,1232,353,379]" degrees="69" direction="west" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="15" seconds="04" value="-69.017784">
69 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FB94FED12438E926" attach="none" box="[1120,1128,353,367]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
01’04”W
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="752E67DF7F698868FB2EFED32577E932" box="[1242,1319,355,379]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="280.0">
<elevation id="39FB2D097F698868FB2EFED32577E932" box="[1242,1319,355,379]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="280.0">280 m</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="02BEC0677F698868FAC5FED3218CE9D2" country="Bolivia" elevation="190" latitude="-11.95" location="Malecon" longLatPrecision="1294" longitude="-68.8" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pando">
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FAC5FED325CBE932" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FAC5FED325CBE932" box="[1329,1435,355,379]" country="Bolivia" latitude="-11.95" longLatPrecision="1294" longitude="-68.8" name="Malecon" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Pando">Malecón</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FF34FE33214AE9D2" box="[192,282,385,411]" degrees="11" direction="south" minutes="57" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="925" value="-11.95">
11 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FF2AFE3120B6E9C6" attach="right" box="[222,230,385,399]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
57’S
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FEEBFE3321D5E9D2" box="[287,389,385,411]" degrees="68" direction="west" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="925" value="-68.8">
68 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FEC9FE312115E9C6" attach="none" box="[317,325,385,399]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
48’W
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="752E67DF7F698868FE7BFE33218CE9D2" box="[399,476,387,411]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="190.0">
<elevation id="39FB2D097F698868FE7BFE33218CE9D2" box="[399,476,387,411]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="190.0">190 m</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="02BEC0677F698868FE12FE3323E3E9D2" box="[486,947,385,411]" collectorName="Nov" country="Bolivia" elevation="190" latitude="-12.3" location="Florida" longLatPrecision="1293" longitude="-68.666664" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pando">
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FE12FE332213E9D2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FE12FE332213E9D2" box="[486,579,387,411]" country="Bolivia" latitude="-12.3" longLatPrecision="1293" longitude="-68.666664" name="Florida" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Pando">Florida</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FDBAFE3322F7E9D2" box="[590,679,385,411]" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="925" value="-12.3">
12 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FD98FE312224E9C6" attach="none" box="[620,628,385,399]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
18’S
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FD59FE332343E9D2" box="[685,787,385,411]" degrees="68" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="925" value="-68.666664">
68 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FD3FFE312283E9C6" attach="none" box="[715,723,385,399]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
40’W
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="752E67DF7F698868FCE9FE332337E9D2" box="[797,871,387,411]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="190.0">
<elevation id="39FB2D097F698868FCE9FE332337E9D2" box="[797,871,387,411]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="190.0">190 m</elevation>
</quantity>
(
<collectorName id="1F23AFEC7F698868FC81FE3323FBE9D2" box="[885,939,387,411]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Nov</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="02BEC0677F698868FC49FE3324C7E9F2" country="Bolivia" elevation="120" latitude="-10.366667" location="Rio Negro" longLatPrecision="1298" longitude="-65.7" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pando">
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FC49FE33246AE9D5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FC49FE33246AE9D5" box="[957,1082,387,412]" country="Bolivia" latitude="-10.366667" longLatPrecision="1298" longitude="-65.7" name="Rio Negro" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Pando">Río Negro</location>
, 9 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FBA7FE31240BE9C6" attach="none" box="[1107,1115,385,399]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
52”S 
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FB6DFE3324AEE9D2" box="[1177,1278,385,411]" degrees="65" direction="west" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="925" value="-65.7">
65 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FB43FE3124EFE9C6" attach="none" box="[1207,1215,385,399]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
42’W
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="752E67DF7F698868FAFDFE332503E9D2" box="[1289,1363,387,411]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="120.0">
<elevation id="39FB2D097F698868FAFDFE332503E9D2" box="[1289,1363,387,411]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</elevation>
</quantity>
(Feb); near Bella Vista, 
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FE78FE1321B4E9F2" box="[396,484,417,443]" degrees="10" direction="south" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="925" value="-10.366667">
10 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FE5DFE1121E1E9E6" attach="none" box="[425,433,417,431]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
22’S
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FE1CFE13221CE9F2" box="[488,588,417,443]" degrees="65" direction="west" minutes="22" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="925" value="-65.36667">
65 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FDF1FE11225DE9E6" attach="none" box="[517,525,417,431]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
22’W
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="752E67DF7F698868FDA1FE1322F0E9F2" box="[597,672,419,443]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="120.0">
<elevation id="39FB2D097F698868FDA1FE1322F0E9F2" box="[597,672,419,443]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; Santa Rosa, 
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FCC9FE1323C5E9F2" box="[829,917,417,443]" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="925" value="-12.0">
12 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FCAFFE112332E9E6" attach="right" box="[859,866,417,431]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
00’S
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FC6EFE1323ADE9F2" box="[922,1021,417,443]" degrees="68" direction="west" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="925" value="-68.86667">
68 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FC43FE1123EFE9E6" attach="none" box="[951,959,417,431]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
52’W
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="752E67DF7F698868FBF3FE132400E9F2" box="[1031,1104,419,443]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="180.0">
<elevation id="39FB2D097F698868FBF3FE132400E9F2" box="[1031,1104,419,443]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="180.0">180 m</elevation>
</quantity>
(Oct).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="02BEC0677F698868FB68FE1323A8EA12" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" location="May" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FB68FE132559E9F2" bold="true" box="[1180,1289,419,443]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">
<collectingCountry id="CAC18AAA7F698868FB68FE132559E9F2" box="[1180,1289,419,443]" name="Brazil" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: 
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FAE2FE1325F0E9F2" bold="true" box="[1302,1440,419,443]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">
<collectingCounty id="5B08B2B67F698868FAE2FE1325F0E9F2" box="[1302,1440,419,443]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Amazonas</collectingCounty>
</emphasis>
– 
<locationDeviation id="A3DBD3187F698868FF20FE7321F4E992" box="[212,420,451,475]" location="Manaus" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">
<quantity id="752E67DF7F698868FF20FE732170E992" box="[212,288,451,475]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
N Manaus
</locationDeviation>
[
<collectingMunicipality id="520D50407F698868FE44FE742286E992" box="[432,726,451,475]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Reserva Forestal Ducke</collectingMunicipality>
] (Mar- 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FCDAFE742337E995" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FCDAFE742337E995" box="[814,871,452,476]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="May" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">May</location>
, 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FC85FE7323F6E992" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FC85FE7323F6E992" box="[881,934,451,475]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Aug" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Aug</location>
); 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FC4CFE74244CE992" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FC4CFE74244CE992" box="[952,1052,452,475]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Manaus" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Manaus</location>
(
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FBDFFE73240BE992" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FBDFFE73240BE992" box="[1067,1115,451,475]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Jan" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Jan</location>
, 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FB91FE732483E992" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FB91FE732483E992" box="[1125,1235,451,475]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Mar-Apr" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Mar-Apr</location>
, 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FB29FE732557E992" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FB29FE732557E992" box="[1245,1287,451,475]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Jul" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Jul</location>
, 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FAE6FE732514E992" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FAE6FE732514E992" box="[1298,1348,451,475]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Dec" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Dec</location>
); 
<locationDeviation id="A3DBD3187F698868FAA1FE73216EE9B2" location="Manaus" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">
<quantity id="752E67DF7F698868FAA1FE7325F1E992" box="[1365,1441,451,475]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="km" value="60.0">60 km</quantity>
N Manaus
</locationDeviation>
[
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FEBDFE532256E9B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FEBDFE532256E9B2" box="[329,518,483,507]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Fazenda Esteio" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Fazenda Esteio</location>
] (
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FDEFFE53221BE9B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FDEFFE53221BE9B2" box="[539,587,483,507]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Jun" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Jun</location>
); 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FDAAFE5322A9E9B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FDAAFE5322A9E9B2" box="[606,761,483,507]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Manacapuru" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Manacapurú</location>
(
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FCF3FE53236DE9B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FCF3FE53236DE9B2" box="[775,829,483,507]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Mar" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Mar</location>
); 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FCBBFE532407E9B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FCBBFE532407E9B2" box="[847,1111,483,507]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Sao Paulo de Olivenca" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">São Paulo de Olivença</location>
(
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FB91FE5324CEE9B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FB91FE5324CEE9B2" box="[1125,1182,483,507]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="May" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">May</location>
, 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FB53FE532480E9B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FB53FE532480E9B2" box="[1191,1232,483,507]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Jul" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Jul</location>
, 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FB2EFE53255BE9B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FB2EFE53255BE9B2" box="[1242,1291,483,507]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Dec" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Dec</location>
); 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FAE9FE532502E9B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FAE9FE532502E9B2" box="[1309,1362,483,507]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Tefe" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Tefé</location>
(
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FAABFE5325C5E9B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FAABFE5325C5E9B2" box="[1375,1429,483,507]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Aug" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Aug</location>
). 
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FF34FDB3213CEA52" bold="true" box="[192,364,515,539]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">
<collectingRegion id="701204D87F698868FF34FDB3213CEA52" box="[192,364,515,539]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Mato Grosso</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
– 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FE72FDB32261EA52" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FE72FDB32261EA52" box="[390,561,515,539]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Rosario Oeste" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Rosário Oeste</location>
(
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FDB4FDB32239EA52" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FDB4FDB32239EA52" box="[576,617,515,539]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Jul" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Jul</location>
); 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FD89FDB32285EA52" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FD89FDB32285EA52" box="[637,725,515,539]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Nobres" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Nobres</location>
(
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FD10FDB32344EA52" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FD10FDB32344EA52" box="[740,788,515,539]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Jan" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Jan</location>
, 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FCEBFDB32319EA52" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FCEBFDB32319EA52" box="[799,841,515,539]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Jul" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Jul</location>
). 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FCA9FDB22458EA52" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FCA9FDB22458EA52" box="[861,1032,514,539]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Para - Belem" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FCA9FDB223F0EA52" bold="true" box="[861,928,514,539]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Pará</emphasis>
– Belêm
</location>
[
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FBE1FDB324F4EA52" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FBE1FDB324F4EA52" box="[1045,1188,515,539]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Agua Preta" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Agua Preta</location>
] (
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FB4EFDB32573EA52" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FB4EFDB32573EA52" box="[1210,1315,515,539]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Jan-Feb" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Jan-Feb</location>
); 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FAC1FDB325CBEA52" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FAC1FDB325CBEA52" box="[1333,1435,515,539]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Tucurui" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Tucuruí</location>
; 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FF34FD932146EA72" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FF34FD932146EA72" box="[192,278,547,571]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Obidos" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Obidos</location>
(
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FED3FD9321CFEA72" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FED3FD9321CFEA72" box="[295,415,547,571]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Mar-May" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Mar-May</location>
, 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FE59FD932187EA72" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FE59FD932187EA72" box="[429,471,547,571]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Jul" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Jul</location>
, 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FE12FD932204EA72" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FE12FD932204EA72" box="[486,596,547,571]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Nov-Dec" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Nov-Dec</location>
); 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FD9EFD9322B5EA72" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FD9EFD9322B5EA72" box="[618,741,547,571]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Santarem" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Santarém</location>
(
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FD0CFD932378EA72" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FD0CFD932378EA72" box="[760,808,547,571]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Jan" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Jan</location>
, 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FCC3FD932321EA72" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FCC3FD932321EA72" box="[823,881,547,571]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="May" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">May</location>
); 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FC73FD93245CEA72" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FC73FD93245CEA72" box="[903,1036,547,571]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Taperinha" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Taperinha</location>
; 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FBEEFD94248EEA72" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FBEEFD94248EEA72" box="[1050,1246,547,571]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Monte Dourado" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Monte Dourado</location>
[
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FB1AFD932560EA72" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FB1AFD932560EA72" box="[1262,1328,547,571]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-0.76666665" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-52.591667" municipality="Reserva Forestal Ducke" name="Apui" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Apui</location>
], 
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FAB2FD9325F0EA72" box="[1350,1440,545,571]" degrees="00" direction="south" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="925" value="-0.76666665">
00 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FA90FD91253CEA66" attach="none" box="[1380,1388,545,559]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
46’S
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FF34FDF32167EA12" box="[192,311,577,603]" degrees="52" direction="west" minutes="35.5" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="92" value="-52.591667">
52 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FF29FDF120B5EA06" attach="none" box="[221,229,577,591]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
35.5’W
</geoCoordinate>
(Jan); Monte Dourado [Tingilingi], 
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FD2DFDF32361EA12" box="[729,817,577,603]" degrees="00" direction="south" minutes="57" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="925" value="-0.95">
00 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FD02FDF122AEEA06" attach="none" box="[758,766,577,591]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
57’S
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FCC2FDF323FDEA12" box="[822,941,577,603]" degrees="52" direction="west" minutes="45.5" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="92" value="-52.758335">
52 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FCA7FDF1230AEA06" attach="none" box="[851,858,577,591]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
45.5’W
</geoCoordinate>
(Apr).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="02BEC0677F698868FC09FDF2216FEA32" country="Brazil" location="9 km NE Cacaulandia" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rondonia">
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FC09FDF224D1EA12" bold="true" box="[1021,1153,578,603]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">
<collectingRegion id="701204D87F698868FC09FDF224D1EA12" box="[1021,1153,578,603]" country="Brazil" name="Rondonia" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Rondônia</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
– 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FB6EFDF325F0EA12" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FB6EFDF325F0EA12" box="[1178,1440,579,603]" country="Brazil" name="9 km NE Cacaulandia" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Rondonia">
<quantity id="752E67DF7F698868FB6EFDF32485EA12" box="[1178,1237,579,603]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="km" value="9.0">9 km</quantity>
NE Cacaulândia
</location>
(Feb, Nov)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="02BEC0677F698868FEB0FDD3244BEA92" country="Guyana" county="Bartica" elevation="290" latitude="-12.569445" location="Ituni" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-70.10039" municipality="May" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="290" stateProvince="Madre de Dios">
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FEB0FDD32193EA32" bold="true" box="[324,451,611,635]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">
<collectingCountry id="CAC18AAA7F698868FEB0FDD32193EA32" box="[324,451,611,635]" name="Guyana" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">GUYANA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: 
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FE24FDD3234AEA32" bold="true" box="[464,794,611,635]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">East Berbice-Corentyne</emphasis>
– 
<collectingCounty id="5B08B2B67F698868FCC0FDD323C0EA32" box="[820,912,611,635]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Bartica</collectingCounty>
(
<collectingMunicipality id="520D50407F698868FC6AFDD32389EA32" box="[926,985,611,635]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">May</collectingMunicipality>
). 
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FC1FFDD32518EA32" bold="true" box="[1003,1352,611,635]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Upper Demerara-Berbice</emphasis>
– 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FA96FDD325F0EA32" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FA96FDD325F0EA32" box="[1378,1440,611,635]" country="Guyana" county="Bartica" latitude="-12.569445" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-70.10039" municipality="May" name="Ituni" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Madre de Dios">Ituni</location>
(
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FF3DFD3320A1EAD2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FF3DFD3320A1EAD2" box="[201,241,643,667]" country="Guyana" county="Bartica" latitude="-12.569445" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-70.10039" municipality="May" name="Jul" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Madre de Dios">Jul</location>
). 
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FEF6FD332104EAD2" bold="true" box="[258,340,643,667]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">
<collectingCountry id="CAC18AAA7F698868FEF6FD332104EAD2" box="[258,340,643,667]" name="Peru" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">PERU</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: 
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FE94FD33224CEAD2" bold="true" box="[352,540,642,667]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">
<collectingRegion id="701204D87F698868FE94FD33224CEAD2" box="[352,540,642,667]" country="Peru" name="Madre de Dios" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Madre de Díos</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
– 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FDC7FD33235AEAD2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FDC7FD33235AEAD2" box="[563,778,643,667]" country="Guyana" county="Bartica" latitude="-12.569445" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-70.10039" municipality="May" name="Rio Madre de Dios" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Madre de Dios">Río Madre de Díos</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FCE6FD3323F8EAD2" box="[786,936,641,667]" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="1" seconds="10.0" value="-12.569445">
12 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FCDBFD312366EAC6" attach="right" box="[815,822,641,655]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
34’10.0” S
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FC59FD33241AEAD2" box="[941,1098,641,667]" degrees="70" direction="west" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="1" seconds="01.4" value="-70.10039">
70 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FC3DFD312380EAC6" attach="none" box="[969,976,641,655]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
06’01.4”W
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="752E67DF7F698868FBA6FD3324CAEAD2" box="[1106,1178,643,667]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="290.0">
<elevation id="39FB2D097F698868FBA6FD3324CAEAD2" box="[1106,1178,643,667]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="290.0">290 m</elevation>
</quantity>
(Apr); 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FB12FD3325CBEAD2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FB12FD3325CBEAD2" box="[1254,1435,643,667]" country="Guyana" county="Bartica" latitude="-12.569445" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-70.10039" municipality="May" name="Rio Tambopata" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Madre de Dios">Río Tambopata</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FF34FD132112EAF2" box="[192,322,673,699]" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="15" seconds="59" value="-12.649722">
12 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FF2AFD1120B6EAE6" attach="none" box="[222,230,673,687]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
38’59”S
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FEBCFD132187EAF2" box="[328,471,673,699]" degrees="69" direction="west" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="15" seconds="24" value="-69.10667">
69 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FE92FD11213EEAE6" attach="none" box="[358,366,673,687]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
06’24”W
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="752E67DF7F698868FE15FD13227CEAF2" box="[481,556,675,699]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="230.0">
<elevation id="39FB2D097F698868FE15FD13227CEAF2" box="[481,556,675,699]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="230.0">230 m</elevation>
</quantity>
(Sep); 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FD8AFD1323F1EAF2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FD8AFD1323F1EAF2" box="[638,929,675,699]" country="Guyana" county="Bartica" latitude="-12.569445" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-70.10039" municipality="May" name="Rio Palma Real Grande" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Madre de Dios">Río Palma Real Grande</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FC5FFD13247EEAF2" box="[939,1070,673,699]" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="15" seconds="20" value="-12.538889">
12 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FC3DFD112381EAE6" attach="none" box="[969,977,673,687]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
32’20”S
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FBC7FD132492EAF2" box="[1075,1218,673,699]" degrees="68" direction="west" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="15" seconds="40" value="-68.86111">
68 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FBA5FD112409EAE6" attach="none" box="[1105,1113,673,687]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
51’40”W
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="752E67DF7F698868FB38FD132549EAF2" box="[1228,1305,675,699]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="220.0">
<elevation id="39FB2D097F698868FB38FD132549EAF2" box="[1228,1305,675,699]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="220.0">220 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; 
<locationDeviation id="A3DBD3187F698868FAD0FD1321F0EA92" location="Puerto Maldonato" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">
<quantity id="752E67DF7F698868FAD0FD13253FEAF2" box="[1316,1391,675,699]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
SW Puerto Maldonato
</locationDeviation>
[
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FE5BFD73228FEA92" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FE5BFD73228FEA92" box="[431,735,707,731]" country="Guyana" county="Bartica" latitude="-12.569445" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-70.10039" municipality="May" name="Rio Tambopata Reserve" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Madre de Dios">Río Tambopata Reserve</location>
], 
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FD06FD73231CEA92" box="[754,844,705,731]" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="925" value="-12.833333">
12 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FCE4FD712348EA86" attach="none" box="[784,792,705,719]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
50’S
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FCA0FD7323EBEA92" box="[852,955,705,731]" degrees="69" direction="west" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="925" value="-69.333336">
69 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FC86FD71232AEA86" attach="none" box="[882,890,705,719]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
20’W
</geoCoordinate>
. 
<specimenCount id="A4D001B37F698868FC33FD73244BEA92" box="[967,1051,707,731]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" type="generic">
<quantity id="752E67DF7F698868FC33FD732446EA92" box="[967,1046,707,731]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="290.0">
<elevation id="39FB2D097F698868FC33FD732446EA92" box="[967,1046,707,731]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="290.0">290 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="02BEC0677F698868FBD6FD732151EB52" collectionCode="CELOS" country="Suriname" county="Akintosoela" elevation="40" latitude="5.271389" location="Redi Dodi" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-54.920834" municipality="Camp" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Commewijne">
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FBD6FD732496EA92" bold="true" box="[1058,1222,707,731]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">
<collectingCountry id="CAC18AAA7F698868FBD6FD732496EA92" box="[1058,1222,707,731]" name="Suriname" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">SURINAME</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: 
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FB21FD7325F0EA92" bold="true" box="[1237,1440,707,731]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">
<collectingRegion id="701204D87F698868FB21FD7325DAEA92" box="[1237,1418,707,731]" country="Suriname" name="Commewijne" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Commewijne</collectingRegion>
–
</emphasis>
<collectingCounty id="5B08B2B67F698868FF34FD53211EEAB2" box="[192,334,739,763]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Akintosoela</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectionCode id="D4C752FF7F698868FEA2FD5321E1EAB2" box="[342,433,739,763]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">CELOS</collectionCode>
<collectingMunicipality id="520D50407F698868FE42FD532250EAB2" box="[438,512,739,763]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Camp</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<locationDeviation id="A3DBD3187F698868FDFCFD53237EEAB2" box="[520,814,739,763]" location="Suriname river" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">
<quantity id="752E67DF7F698868FDFCFD532200EAB2" box="[520,592,739,763]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="km" value="39.0">39 km</quantity>
SE Suriname river
</locationDeviation>
bridge, road to 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FC29FD532402EAB2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FC29FD532402EAB2" box="[989,1106,739,763]" country="Suriname" county="Akintosoela" latitude="5.271389" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-54.920834" municipality="Camp" name="Redi Dodi" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Commewijne">Redi Dodi</location>
, 
<quantity id="752E67DF7F698868FBAFFD5324C6EAB2" box="[1115,1174,739,763]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="40.0">
<elevation id="39FB2D097F698868FBAFFD5324C6EAB2" box="[1115,1174,739,763]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="40.0">40 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FB6BFD532544EAB2" box="[1183,1300,739,763]" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="15" seconds="17" value="5.271389">5°16’17”N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FAECFD5325F0EAB2" box="[1304,1440,739,763]" degrees="54" direction="west" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="15" seconds="15" value="-54.920834">54°55’15”W</geoCoordinate>
(Jul).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="02BEC0677F698868FEFDFCB323ADEB52" box="[265,1021,769,795]" collectorName="Oct" country="Suriname" elevation="650" location="Lely Plateau" longitude="-54.738335" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sipaliwini">
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FEFDFCB321C9EB52" bold="true" box="[265,409,771,795]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">
<collectingRegion id="701204D87F698868FEFDFCB321C9EB52" box="[265,409,771,795]" country="Suriname" name="Sipaliwini" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Sipaliwini</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
– 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FE43FCB32207EB52" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FE43FCB32207EB52" box="[439,599,771,795]" country="Suriname" longitude="-54.738335" name="Lely Plateau" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Sipaliwini">Lely Plateau</location>
, 46’13&quot;N 
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FD39FCB3230CEB52" box="[717,860,769,795]" degrees="54" direction="west" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="15" seconds="18" value="-54.738335">
54 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FD18FCB122A4EB46" attach="right" box="[748,756,769,783]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
44’18&quot;W
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="752E67DF7F698868FC9CFCB323E5EB52" box="[872,949,771,795]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="650.0">
<elevation id="39FB2D097F698868FC9CFCB323E5EB52" box="[872,949,771,795]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="650.0">650 m</elevation>
</quantity>
(
<collectorName id="1F23AFEC7F698868FC31FCB323A4EB52" box="[965,1012,771,795]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Oct</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="02BEC0677F698868FBFDFCB321D1EB72" collectorName="Feb &amp; Aug &amp; Oct" country="Suriname" location="Oelemarie" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sipaliwini">
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FBFDFCB324DDEB52" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FBFDFCB324DDEB52" box="[1033,1165,771,795]" country="Suriname" name="Oelemarie" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Sipaliwini">Oelemarie</location>
, ~ 3 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FB34FCB12498EB46" attach="none" box="[1216,1224,769,783]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
6’0'’N 54 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FAC6FCB1256AEB46" attach="right" box="[1330,1338,769,783]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
32’00'’W (
<collectorName id="1F23AFEC7F698868FF3DFC9320AAEB72" box="[201,250,803,827]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Feb</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="1F23AFEC7F698868FEFCFC93216DEB72" box="[264,317,803,827]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Aug</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="1F23AFEC7F698868FEBEFC932129EB72" box="[330,377,803,827]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Oct</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="02BEC0677F698868FE7BFC932484EB72" box="[399,1236,801,827]" collectorName="Jun &amp; Kwamalasumutu &amp; Jul" country="Suriname" location="Palumeu" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sipaliwini">
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FE7BFC932251EB72" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FE7BFC932251EB72" box="[399,513,803,827]" country="Suriname" name="Palumeu" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Sipaliwini">Palumeu</location>
, ~3 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FDDAFC912266EB66" attach="none" box="[558,566,801,815]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
21’30.3'’N 55 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FD22FC91228EEB66" attach="none" box="[726,734,801,815]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
26’38.2'’W (
<collectorName id="1F23AFEC7F698868FC9AFC9323F0EB72" box="[878,928,803,827]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Jun</collectorName>
): 
<collectorName id="1F23AFEC7F698868FC42FC9324DDEB72" box="[950,1165,803,827]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Kwamalasumutu</collectorName>
(
<collectorName id="1F23AFEC7F698868FB54FC93249AEB72" box="[1184,1226,803,827]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Jul</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="02BEC0677F698868FB15FC932341EB12" country="Venezuela" latitude="2.0333333" location="Rio Mavaca" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-65.1" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Amazonas">
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FB15FC9325C9EB72" bold="true" box="[1249,1433,803,827]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">
<collectingCountry id="CAC18AAA7F698868FB15FC9325C9EB72" box="[1249,1433,803,827]" name="Venezuela" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: 
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FF34FCF3211DEB12" bold="true" box="[192,333,835,859]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">
<collectingRegion id="701204D87F698868FF34FCF3211DEB12" box="[192,333,835,859]" country="Venezuela" name="Amazonas" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
– 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FE9EFCF321ACEB12" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FE9EFCF321ACEB12" box="[362,508,835,859]" country="Venezuela" latitude="2.0333333" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-65.1" name="Rio Mavaca" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Amazonas">Río Mavaca</location>
camp, 
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FDA7FCF322F3EB12" box="[595,675,833,859]" degrees="2" direction="north" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="925" value="2.0333333">
2 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FD96FCF1223AEB06" attach="none" box="[610,618,833,847]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
02’N
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D7E2ACFD7F698868FD5EFCF32341EB12" box="[682,785,833,859]" degrees="65" direction="west" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" precision="925" value="-65.1">
65 
<superScript id="45A367727F698868FD3CFCF12280EB06" attach="none" box="[712,720,833,847]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">o</superScript>
06’W
</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="02BEC0677F698868FCE8FCF22510EB12" box="[796,1344,834,859]" collectorName="Aug" country="Venezuela" location="Las Trincheras" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bolivar">
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FCE8FCF223D3EB12" bold="true" box="[796,899,834,859]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">
<collectingRegion id="701204D87F698868FCE8FCF223D3EB12" box="[796,899,834,859]" country="Venezuela" name="Bolivar" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Bolívar</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
– 
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FC54FCF4240CEB12" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FC54FCF4240CEB12" box="[928,1116,835,859]" country="Venezuela" name="Las Trincheras" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Bolivar">Las Trincheras</location>
[Río Cauca] (
<collectorName id="1F23AFEC7F698868FAF6FCF32568EB12" box="[1282,1336,835,859]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Aug</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="02BEC0677F698868FAB8FCF421AAEB32" collectorName="Aug" country="Venezuela" location="Rio Cauca" municipality="Puerto" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bolivar">
<collectingMunicipality id="520D50407F698868FAB8FCF425F0EB12" box="[1356,1440,836,859]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Puerto</collectingMunicipality>
Cabello (
<location id="B7099CE17F698868FEDCFCD321F4EB32" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A7F7B2C7F6F8868FF34FA922335EEB2:B7099CE17F698868FEDCFCD321F4EB32" box="[296,420,867,891]" country="Venezuela" municipality="Puerto" name="Rio Cauca" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Bolivar">Río Cauca</location>
] (
<collectorName id="1F23AFEC7F698868FE4CFCD321BEEB32" box="[440,494,867,891]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Aug</collectorName>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FACC99B17F698868FF34FC132335EEB2" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B269CA3A7F698868FF34FC1321E8ECD2" blockId="21.[192,1441,931,1787]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FF34FC13210CEBF2" bold="true" box="[192,348,931,955]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Comments.</emphasis>
This is a common species occurring sometimes is large numbers throughout much of the Amazon basin. Among all 
<taxonomicName id="75D6B1B97F698868FDF7FC732376EB92" box="[515,806,963,987]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FDF7FC732294EB92" box="[515,708,963,987]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Coprophanaeus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="75D6B1B97F698868FCC6FC7423E2EB92" baseAuthorityName="Linne" baseAuthorityYear="1767" box="[818,946,963,987]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lancifer">
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FCC6FC7423E2EB92" box="[818,946,963,987]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">C. lancifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the best choice as indicator species of Amazonia and is an important component of many local dung beetle communities (see, for example, 
<bibRefCitation id="D647B7CB7F698868FF34FBB321FCEC52" author="Gardner, T. A. &amp; I Medina-Hernandez &amp; J. Barlow &amp; C. A. Peres" box="[192,428,1027,1051]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" pagination="883 - 893" refId="ref57719" refString="Gardner, T. A., M. I Medina-Hernandez, J. Barlow, and C. A. Peres. 2008. Understanding the biodiversity consequences of habitat change: the value of secondary and plantation forest for neotropical dung beetles. Journal of Applied Ecology 45: 883 - 893 (supplemental information at: http: // www 3. interscience. wiley. com / journal / 119392119 / suppinfo)" type="journal article" year="2008">Gardner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
, and 
<bibRefCitation id="D647B7CB7F698868FE1EFBB32368EC52" author="Quintero, I. &amp; G. Halffter" box="[490,824,1027,1051]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" pagination="625 - 649" refId="ref59957" refString="Quintero, I., and G. Halffter. 2009. Temporal changes in a community of dung beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) resulting from modification and fragmentation of tropical rain forest. Acta Zoologica Mexicana (n. s.) 25: 625 - 649." type="journal article" year="2009">Quintero and Halffter 2009</bibRefCitation>
). We have seen no specimens from eastern 
<collectingCountry id="CAC18AAA7F698868FACEFBB325F0EC52" box="[1338,1440,1027,1051]" name="Ecuador" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="CAC18AAA7F698868FF03FB93213FEC72" box="[247,367,1059,1083]" name="Colombia" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Colombia</collectingCountry>
, but its absence there is unlikely. The color of this species is usually a consistent dark metallic blue; Trond Larsen has collected bright green examples in southeastern 
<collectingCountry id="CAC18AAA7F698868FB7AFBF4249DEC12" box="[1166,1229,1092,1115]" name="Peru" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Peru</collectingCountry>
. Besides the commonly used baits of dung and carrion, this species is also attracted to decomposing millipedes (Conrad Gillett, pers. comm.)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B269CA3A7F698868FF04FB13215EED12" blockId="21.[192,1441,931,1787]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">
<bibRefCitation id="D647B7CB7F698868FF04FB132185ECF2" author="Thery, M. &amp; S. Pincebourde &amp; F. Feer" box="[240,469,1187,1211]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" pagination="627 - 634" refId="ref60133" refString="Thery, M., S. Pincebourde, and F. Feer. 2008. Dusk light environment optimizes visual perception of conspecifics in a crepuscular horned beetle. Behavioral Ecology 19: 627 - 634." type="journal article" year="2008">Théry et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
interpreted the crepuscular flight activity of this species as a mechanism that improves visual communication among conspecifics. At mid-range (&gt; 
<quantity id="752E67DF7F698868FBE3FB73240BEC92" box="[1047,1115,1219,1243]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="0.5">0.5 m</quantity>
) in the low-intensity dusk lighting, the dark blue, metallic (structural) body coloration is seen at higher contrast against ambient background and active individuals become more visible to each other; at shorter range (&lt;
<quantity id="752E67DF7F698868FB29FAB32570ED52" box="[1245,1312,1283,1307]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="0.5">0.5 m</quantity>
), enhancement of contrast between the black head horn and metallic pronotum probably functions in species recognition.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B269CA3A7F698868FF04FAD4210BEDB2" blockId="21.[192,1441,931,1787]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">
Except for the presence of protarsi, medium-sized and small females closely resemble equal-sized males. 
<bibRefCitation id="D647B7CB7F698868FEE3FA332182EDD2" author="Pessoa, S. B." box="[279,466,1411,1435]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" pagination="279 - 314" refId="ref59777" refString="Pessoa, S. B. 1934. Contribuicao para o conhecimento das especies brasileiras do genero Phanaeus. (Col. Scarabaeidae). Annaes da Faculdade da Medicina de Sao Paulo 10: 279 - 314." type="journal article" year="1934">Pessôa’s (1934)</bibRefCitation>
description of 
<taxonomicName id="75D6B1B97F698868FD71FA34230DEDD2" authorityName="Pessoa" authorityYear="1934" box="[645,861,1411,1435]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FD71FA34230DEDD2" box="[645,861,1411,1435]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">C. septentrionalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was based on 
<specimenCount id="A4D001B37F698868FBFFFA3324F2EDD2" box="[1035,1186,1411,1435]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" type="female">five females</specimenCount>
; Lane and Camargo- Andrade (1935) re-examined the 
<typeStatus id="6D6D74987F698868FDB0FA142228EDF5" box="[580,632,1444,1468]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">type</typeStatus>
series and found that it included 
<specimenCount id="A4D001B37F698868FC0BFA14243DEDF2" box="[1023,1133,1443,1467]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
. The pronotal prominence of large females (
<figureCitation id="2AEDD6BF7F698868FE61FA732242ED92" box="[405,530,1475,1499]" captionStart="Figure 13-27" captionStartId="15.[192,276,1691,1713]" captionTargetBox="[280,1357,196,1662]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[280,1357,195,1662]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 13-27. Characters of the Coprophanaeus subgenus Megaphanaeus. 13) Elytral surface of C. lancifer. 14) Same, C. ensifer. 15) Same, C. bonariensis. 16) Same, C. bellicosus. 17) Mesosternum and anterior portion of metasternum of C. lancifer (arrow indicates smooth area of metasternum). 18) Metasternum of C.lancifer. 19) Same, C. ensifer. 20) Dorsal view of posteromedian pronotal prominence of female C. ensifer (broad form). 21) Same (narrow form). 22) Partial lateral view of pronotum male C. ensifer (arrow indicates lateral spine). 23) Same, C. lancifer (arrow indicates vertical ridge). 24) Dorsal view of posteromedian pronotal prominence of male C. lancifer. 25) Same, female (broad form). 26) Same (narrow form). 27) Anterior view of cephalic process of female C. bellicosus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5352934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5352934/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Fig. 25-26</figureCitation>
) is subject to considerable variation in width, but not as extreme as in 
<taxonomicName id="75D6B1B97F698868FA71FA742142EDB2" baseAuthorityName="Germar" baseAuthorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ensifer">
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FA71FA742142EDB2" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">C. ensifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FED4FA542114EDB2" box="[288,324,1508,1531]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">q.v</emphasis>
.).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B269CA3A7F698868FF04F9B32335EEB2" blockId="21.[192,1441,931,1787]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">
This species is the first 
<taxonomicName id="75D6B1B97F698868FDFBF9B32280EE52" authorityName="Olsoufieff" authorityYear="1924" box="[527,720,1539,1563]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FDFBF9B32280EE52" box="[527,720,1539,1563]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Coprophanaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
depicted in print, as far as we know. 
<bibRefCitation id="D647B7CB7F698868FB62F9B32565EE52" author="Voet, J. E." box="[1174,1333,1539,1563]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" refId="ref60311" refString="Voet, J. E. 1766 (1769?). Catalogus Systematicus Coleopterorum, vol. 1, Ordo Primus, Genus Secundum, Copris. Bakhuysen; The Hague (pp. 35 - 47 + plates XXIII - XXVIII)." type="book" year="1766">Voet’s (1766)</bibRefCitation>
illustrations (pl. 23, fig. 1-2 and 38) are unmistakably of 
<taxonomicName id="75D6B1B97F698868FCFBF99423DDEE72" baseAuthorityName="Linne" baseAuthorityYear="1767" box="[783,909,1571,1595]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lancifer">
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FCFBF99423DDEE72" box="[783,909,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">C. lancifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. His fig. 1 and 2 are cited by 
<bibRefCitation id="D647B7CB7F698868FB13F99325D1EE72" author="Linne, C." box="[1255,1409,1571,1595]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" refId="ref58730" refString="Linne, C. 1767. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I, Pars II. Editio duodecima reformata. Salvii; Stockholm. 795 p." type="book" year="1767">Linné (1767)</bibRefCitation>
in his description of 
<taxonomicName id="75D6B1B97F698868FE66F9F322D1EE12" box="[402,641,1603,1627]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Scarabaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lancifer">
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FE66F9F322D1EE12" box="[402,641,1603,1627]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Scarabaeus lancifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and can be regarded as at least part of the 
<typeStatus id="6D6D74987F698868FB8FF9F424E0EE15" box="[1147,1200,1604,1628]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">type</typeStatus>
series. Voet’s fig. 38 is of interest because, as 
<bibRefCitation id="D647B7CB7F698868FE1BF9D322EBEE32" author="Olsoufieff, G." box="[495,699,1635,1659]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" pagination="4 - 201" refId="ref59457" refString="Olsoufieff, G. 1924. Les Phanaeides (Coleoptera - Lamellicornia), Famille Scarabaeidae - Tr. Coprini. Insecta 13: 4 - 201." type="journal article" year="1924">Olsoufieff (1924)</bibRefCitation>
pointed out, it depicts the body of a male 
<taxonomicName id="75D6B1B97F698868FB40F9D42563EE32" box="[1204,1331,1635,1659]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Scarabaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lancifer">
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FB40F9D42563EE32" box="[1204,1331,1635,1659]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">C. lancifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
“… mais avec une tête (?) d’un autre Scarabaéide.” In the text caption Voet stated that [specimen 38] “Forgan haec femina est No. 1 vel 2” [“Could be the female of either N. 1 or 2”]. 
<bibRefCitation id="D647B7CB7F698868FC35F9132428EEF2" author="Herbst, J. F. W." box="[961,1144,1699,1723]" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" refId="ref58320" refString="Herbst, J. F. W. 1789. Natursystem aller bekannten in- und auslandischen Insekten als eine Fortsetzung der von Buffonschen Naturgeschichte. Vol. 2, Kafer. Pauli; Berlin. 330 p." type="book" year="1789">Herbst’s (1789)</bibRefCitation>
illustration (pl. VIII, fig. 6, under the name 
<taxonomicName id="75D6B1B97F698868FE54F973227CEE92" box="[416,556,1731,1755]" class="Insecta" genus="Hamadrias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FE54F973227CEE92" box="[416,556,1731,1755]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Hamadrias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) is a copy of Voet’s “hybrid;” but his pl. XV, fig. 1 depicts a male 
<taxonomicName id="75D6B1B97F698868FAD7F97425F0EE92" box="[1315,1440,1731,1755]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Scarabaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lancifer">
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FAD7F97425F0EE92" box="[1315,1440,1731,1755]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">C. lancifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
placed correctly under the name “ 
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FDA7F95322F9EEB2" box="[595,681,1763,1787]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">Scarab</emphasis>
[
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FD46F95422B9EEB2" box="[690,745,1764,1787]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">aeus</emphasis>
] 
<taxonomicName id="75D6B1B97F698868FD03F9532304EEB2" box="[759,852,1763,1787]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Scarabaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lancifer">
<emphasis id="80A216287F698868FD03F9532304EEB2" box="[759,852,1763,1787]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="18">lancifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.”
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>