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<mods:title id="3D4ECBBE394AF106F1767E6363D7F044">Serpulidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the Suez Canal- From a Lessepsian Migration Perspective (a Monograph) 2848</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="76CA4D725F59E009FF50FF1BFDF1FF4D" ID-CoL="3N7BH" authority="Pixell, 1913" authorityName="Pixell" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,563,151,177]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Hydroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="homoceros">
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F59E009FF50FF1BFDF1FF4D" bold="true" box="[151,563,151,177]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F59E009FF50FF1BFE5CFF4D" bold="true" box="[151,414,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Hydroides homoceros</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F59E009FE62FF1BFDF1FF4D" author="Pixell, H. L. M." box="[421,563,151,177]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="69 - 92" refId="ref105823" refString="Pixell, H. L. M. (1913) Polychaeta of the Indian Ocean, together with some species from the Cape Verde Islands. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (Zoology), 16, 69 - 92; London. (Vol. 5, The Reports of the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905)." type="journal article" year="1913">Pixell, 1913</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="B17536F15F59E009FF50FF36FEFAFF28" blockId="31.[151,563,151,212]" box="[151,312,186,212]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F59E009FF50FF36FECCFF28" box="[151,270,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="22.[151,255,212,236]" captionText="FIGURE 5. Variability in tubes of the genus Hydroides. Hydroides diramphus, AC: A—Upper surface with higher lateral longitudinal ridges and barely visible median longitudinal ridge (from Mediterranean coast of Israel, Nabi Yunes, legit E. Gilat, sample 1821b, 10.XI.1969, 22 m, on Pinctada radiata; HUJ-Poly-860), B—Tube fragment (anterior, left) with two longitudinal ridges; prominent transversal ridges (Lake Timsah, [SBE 7, App. Table 2C]), C—Three longitudinal ridges seen in anterior of tube; minute, slightly chitinised verticil present at anterior margin of tube (Mediterranean, from fouling panels, Israel Electric Corporation, Haifa; legit A. Glazer, 08.IX.2004, ~0.5 m depth, on Cirripedia). Hydroides elegans, D, E: D—Tube with two very prominent longitudinal ridges (Mediterranean, Israel, Jaffa Port; on shallow rocks; legit S. Hayat, 18.VI.2001), E—Young mature specimen; longitudinal ridges less prominent than in “C”, more prominent than in older, abraded tubes as in Fig. 5D, Great Bitter Lake, Km 98, (SLC 117, App. Table 2C). Hydroides heterocerus, F, G: F—Left upper corner inset with apical view of tube; small specimen shows relatively rare tube with 3 longitudinal ridges (Suez Canal, Great Bitter Lake, east of Deversoir (SLC 72, App. Table 2C), G—Typical tube, tube, round, with marked transversal ridges, longitudinal ridges not seen (Great Bitter Lake, legit H. Brattström and J.P. Taasen [sub-sample BIV 9; App. Table 2D]). Hydroides homoceros, H, I: H—Four fragments from a single tube; three of them with three marked longitudinal ridges; one section with a granular surface layer (Great Bitter Lake, legit H. Brattström and J.P. Taasen [sub-sample Tun, App. Table 2D]), I—Tube with three longitudinal ridges, with blotches; from ship fouling that developed in the Great Bitter Lake, sampled when the M/S “Münsterland” reached the Bremerhaven dry dock after it traversed the Mediterranean (18.VI. / 1975, legit J.P. Taasen); note posterior of decayed specimen projecting from fragment of tube. Scales: 1 mm." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figs 5H, I</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F59E009FEDCFF36FEFAFF28" box="[283,312,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">12</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="91DA11DF5F59E009FF50FF71FEF8FE68" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<treatmentCitation id="306B10E05F59E009FF50FF71FD99FEE8" author="Pixell, H. L. M." box="[151,603,253,276]" page="75" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1913">
<taxonomicName id="76CA4D725F59E009FF50FF71FD99FEE8" ID-CoL="3N7BH" authority="Pixell, 1913: 74 - 75" authorityName="Pixell" authorityPageNumber="74 - 75" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,603,253,276]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Hydroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="homoceros">
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F59E009FF50FF71FEBDFEE8" box="[151,383,253,276]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Hydroides homoceros</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F59E009FE41FF71FD99FEE8" author="Pixell, H. L. M." box="[390,603,253,276]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="69 - 92" refId="ref105823" refString="Pixell, H. L. M. (1913) Polychaeta of the Indian Ocean, together with some species from the Cape Verde Islands. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (Zoology), 16, 69 - 92; London. (Vol. 5, The Reports of the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905)." type="journal article" year="1913">Pixell, 1913: 7475</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 8 fig. 1 [Type localities:
<collectingRegion id="730EF8135F59E009FC4AFF71FC2AFEE8" box="[909,1000,253,276]" country="Sudan" name="Al Bahr al Ahmar" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Red Sea</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F59E009FC34FF71FBFAFEE8" box="[1011,1080,253,276]" name="Sudan" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Sudan</collectingCountry>
, Suakin; Indian Ocean,
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F59E009FAFFFF71FA5BFEE8" box="[1336,1433,253,276]" name="Tanzania" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F59E009FF00FE91FEE8FEC8" box="[199,298,285,308]" name="Maldives" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Maldives</collectingCountry>
(
<specimenCount id="A7CCFD785F59E009FEFEFE91FE6CFEC8" box="[313,430,285,308]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="generic" typeStatus="syntypes">9 syntypes</specimenCount>
, see “Material examined”, below)];
<treatmentCitation id="306B10E05F59E009FCF5FE91FB96FEC8" author="Zibrowius, H." box="[818,1108,285,308]" page="133" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1979">
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F59E009FCF5FE91FB96FEC8" author="Zibrowius, H." box="[818,1108,285,308]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="133 - 134" refId="ref109858" refString="Zibrowius, H. (1979 b) Serpulidae (Annelida Polychaeta) de l'Ocean Indien arrives sur les coques de bateaux a Toulon (France, Mediterranee). Rapport et proces-verbaux des reunions, Commission internationale pour l'Exploration scientifique de la Mer Mediterranee, 25 - 26 (4), 133 - 134." type="journal article" year="1979">Zibrowius 1979b: 133134</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F59E009FBA6FE91FB6DFEC8" box="[1121,1199,285,308]" name="France" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">France</collectingCountry>
, Toulon Port, biofouling removed from the aircraft carrier “Foch”; marginal radii of specimens with 2 pairs of lateral processes (H. Zibrowius, pers. comm.)];
<treatmentCitation id="306B10E05F59E009FE22FED1FD1EFE88" author="Zenetos, A. &amp; Cinar, M. E. &amp; Pancucci-Papadopoulou, M. A. &amp; Harmelin, J. G. &amp; Furnari, G. &amp; Andaloro, F. &amp; Bellou, N. &amp; Streftaris, N. &amp; Zibrowius, H." box="[485,732,349,372]" page="73" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="2005">
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F59E009FE22FED1FD1EFE88" author="Zenetos, A. &amp; Cinar, M. E. &amp; Pancucci-Papadopoulou, M. A. &amp; Harmelin, J. G. &amp; Furnari, G. &amp; Andaloro, F. &amp; Bellou, N. &amp; Streftaris, N. &amp; Zibrowius, H." box="[485,732,349,372]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="63 - 118" refId="ref109490" refString="Zenetos, A., Cinar, M. E., Pancucci-Papadopoulou, M. A., Harmelin, J. G., Furnari, G., Andaloro, F., Bellou, N., Streftaris, N. &amp; Zibrowius, H. (2005) Annotated list of marine alien species in the Mediterranean with records of the worst invasive species. Mediterranean Marine Science, 6 (2), 63 - 118." type="journal article" year="2005">
Zenetos
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F59E009FD86FED1FDB5FE88" box="[577,631,349,372]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al.</emphasis>
2005: 73
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[classified as an “established alien invasive species” in the Mediterranean].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B17536F15F59E009FF50FE36FE4AFE2D" blockId="31.[151,1436,442,657]" box="[151,392,442,465]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Eastern Mediterranean</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B17536F15F59E009FF50FE56FAA8FDED" blockId="31.[151,1436,442,657]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="91DA11DF5F59E009FF50FE56FAA8FDED" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<treatmentCitation id="306B10E05F59E009FF50FE56FD38FE0D" author="Ben-Eliahu, M. N. &amp; Hove, H. A. ten" box="[151,762,474,497]" page="393" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1989">
<taxonomicName id="76CA4D725F59E009FF50FE56FD38FE0D" authority=": Ben-Eliahu &amp; ten Hove 1989: 393" authorityName="Ben-Eliahu &amp; ten Hove" authorityPageNumber="393" authorityYear="1989" box="[151,762,474,497]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Hydroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="homocera">
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F59E009FF50FE56FEB5FE0D" box="[151,375,474,497]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Hydroides homocera</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F59E009FE42FE56FD38FE0D" author="Ben-Eliahu, M. N. &amp; Hove, H. A. ten" box="[389,762,474,497]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="381 - 395" refId="ref94047" refString="Ben-Eliahu, M. N. &amp; Hove, H. A. ten (1989) Redescription of Rhodopsis pusilla Bush, 1905, a little known but widely distributed species of Serpulidae (Polychaeta). Zoologica Scripta, 18, 381 - 395." type="journal article" year="1989">Ben-Eliahu &amp; ten Hove 1989: 393</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="306B10E05F59E009FCC2FE56FBF5FE0D" author="Ben-Eliahu, M. N." box="[773,1079,474,497]" page="515" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1991">
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F59E009FCC2FE56FBF5FE0D" author="Ben-Eliahu, M. N." box="[773,1079,474,497]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="515 - 528" refId="ref93874" refString="Ben-Eliahu, M. N. (1991 b) Red Sea serpulids (Polychaeta) in the eastern Mediterranean. In: Petersen, M. E. &amp; Kirkegaard, J. B. (Eds), Systematics, Biology and Morphology of World Polychaeta. Proceedings of the 2 nd International Polychaete Conference, Copenhagen, 1986. Ophelia Supplement, 5, 515 - 528." type="journal article" year="1991">Ben-Eliahu 1991b: 515528</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 3 [
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F59E009FB4EFE56FB0EFE0D" box="[1161,1228,474,497]" name="Israel" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Israel</collectingCountry>
];
<treatmentCitation id="306B10E05F59E009FB18FE56FE4FFDED" author="Ben-Eliahu, M. N. &amp; Hove, H. A. ten" page="35" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1992">
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F59E009FB18FE56FE4FFDED" author="Ben-Eliahu, M. N. &amp; Hove, H. A. ten" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="35 - 53" refId="ref94094" refString="Ben-Eliahu, M. N. &amp; Hove, H. A. ten (1992) Serpulid tubeworms (Annelida: Polychaeta) - a recent expedition along the Mediterranean coast of Israel finds new population buildups of Lessepsian migrant species. Israel Journal of Zoology, 38 (1), 35 - 53." type="journal article" year="1992">Ben-Eliahu &amp; ten Hove 1992: 3553</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F59E009FE5DFE76FE1FFDED" box="[410,477,506,529]" name="Israel" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Israel</collectingCountry>
]. All three records with single-anchor-shaped marginal radii of funnel (see
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F59E009FB39FE76FA9CFDED" box="[1278,1374,506,529]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 12E</figureCitation>
).
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B17536F15F59E009FF50FD96FAFCFD6D" blockId="31.[151,1436,442,657]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="91DA11DF5F59E009FF50FD96FAFCFD6D" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<treatmentCitation id="306B10E05F59E009FF50FD96FD31FDCD" author="Ben-Eliahu, M. N. &amp; Fiege, D." box="[151,755,538,561]" page="34" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1996">
<taxonomicName id="76CA4D725F59E009FF50FD96FD31FDCD" ID-CoL="3N7BH" authority=": Ben-Eliahu &amp; Fiege 1996: 33 - 34" authorityName="Ben-Eliahu &amp; Fiege" authorityPageNumber="33 - 34" authorityYear="1996" box="[151,755,538,561]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Hydroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="homoceros">
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F59E009FF50FD96FEBDFDCD" box="[151,383,538,561]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Hydroides homoceros</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F59E009FE4AFD96FD31FDCD" author="Ben-Eliahu, M. N. &amp; Fiege, D." box="[397,755,538,561]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 51" refId="ref93998" refString="Ben-Eliahu, M. N. &amp; Fiege, D. (1996) Serpulid tube-worms (Annelida: Polychaeta) of the central and eastern Mediterranean with particular attention to the Levant Basin. Senckenbergiana Maritima, 28 (1 / 3), 1 - 51." type="journal article" year="1996">Ben-Eliahu &amp; Fiege 1996: 3334</bibRefCitation>
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, 38 [
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F59E009FCE1FD96FCABFDCD" box="[806,873,538,561]" name="Israel" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Israel</collectingCountry>
]; ten
<treatmentCitation id="306B10E05F59E009FC66FD96FAE2FDCD" author="Hove, H. A. ten &amp; Ben-Eliahu, M. N." box="[929,1312,538,561]" page="127" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="2005">
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F59E009FC66FD96FAE2FDCD" author="Hove, H. A. ten &amp; Ben-Eliahu, M. N." box="[929,1312,538,561]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="127 - 145" refId="ref101636" refString="Hove, H. A. ten &amp; Ben-Eliahu, M. N. (2005) On the identity of Hydroides &quot; priscus &quot;, taxonomic confusion due to ontogeny in some Hydroides species (Annelida: Polychaeta: Serpulidae). Senckenbergiana Biologica, 85 (2), 127 - 145." type="journal article" year="2005">Hove &amp; Ben-Eliahu 2005: 127145</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 2a, a, a” [
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,
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]; Çinar 2006: 228, figs 4 df [Levant coast of
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, Iskenderun Bay,
<quantity id="76329B145F59E009FB5BFDB6FB20FDAD" box="[1180,1250,570,593]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">13 m</quantity>
,
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, population with “spur-tipped-anchor-shaped” marginal radii (
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F59E009FCCBFDD6FCAEFD8D" box="[780,876,602,625]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
, also depicted by ten
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F59E009FB95FDD6FB11FD8D" author="Hove, H. A. ten" box="[1106,1235,602,625]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="55 - 60" refId="ref101246" refString="Hove, H. A. ten (1970 a) Additional notes on the polychaetes of the Iranian Gulf (Annelida, Polychaeta Serpulidae). Steenstrupia, 1 (7), 55 - 60." type="journal article" year="1970">Hove 1970a</bibRefCitation>
figs 1ac in specimens from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf), differing from the Israeli population that lacks the spur (
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F59E009FB0EFDF6FAE8FD6D" box="[1225,1322,634,657]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 12E</figureCitation>
)].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B17536F15F59E009FF50FD31FECDFD28" blockId="31.[151,1436,701,788]" box="[151,271,701,724]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<collectingRegion id="730EF8135F59E009FF50FD31FF09FD28" box="[151,203,701,724]" country="Egypt" name="As Suways" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Suez</collectingRegion>
Canal
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B17536F15F59E009FF50FD51FDBCFCE8" blockId="31.[151,1436,701,788]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="91DA11DF5F59E009FF50FD51FDBCFCE8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<treatmentCitation id="306B10E05F59E009FF50FD51FD40FD08" author="Ben-Eliahu, M. N." box="[151,642,733,756]" page="526" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1991">
<taxonomicName id="76CA4D725F59E009FF50FD51FD40FD08" authority=": Ben-Eliahu 1991 b: 526" authorityName=": Ben-Eliahu" authorityPageNumber="526" authorityYear="1991" box="[151,642,733,756]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Hydroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="homocera">
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F59E009FF50FD51FEB5FD08" box="[151,375,733,756]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Hydroides homocera</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F59E009FE42FD51FD40FD08" author="Ben-Eliahu, M. N." box="[389,642,733,756]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="515 - 528" refId="ref93874" refString="Ben-Eliahu, M. N. (1991 b) Red Sea serpulids (Polychaeta) in the eastern Mediterranean. In: Petersen, M. E. &amp; Kirkegaard, J. B. (Eds), Systematics, Biology and Morphology of World Polychaeta. Proceedings of the 2 nd International Polychaete Conference, Copenhagen, 1986. Ophelia Supplement, 5, 515 - 528." type="journal article" year="1991">Ben-Eliahu 1991b: 526</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 5 [Great Bitter Lake, collected on
<date id="C57410315F59E009FBEEFD51FB52FD08" box="[1065,1168,733,756]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="1969-01-13">13.I.1969</date>
, marginal radii of funnel single-anchor-shaped (see
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F59E009FE24FD71FDABFCE8" box="[483,617,765,788]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figs 12A, D</figureCitation>
)].
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B17536F15F59E009FF50FCB1FEDDFCA8" blockId="31.[151,1436,829,948]" box="[151,287,829,852]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
Gulf of
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F9D0657A5F59E009FF50FCD1FAA0FC08" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="description">
<paragraph id="B17536F15F59E009FF50FCD1FB73FC48" blockId="31.[151,1436,829,948]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
(1968)
<taxonomicName id="76CA4D725F59E009FF22FCD1FD13FC88" authority=": Ben-Eliahu 1991 b: 526" authorityName=": Ben-Eliahu" authorityPageNumber="526" authorityYear="1991" box="[229,721,861,884]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Hydroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="homocera">
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F59E009FF22FCD1FE04FC88" box="[229,454,861,884]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Hydroides homocera</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F59E009FE12FCD1FD13FC88" author="Ben-Eliahu, M. N." box="[469,721,861,884]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="515 - 528" refId="ref93874" refString="Ben-Eliahu, M. N. (1991 b) Red Sea serpulids (Polychaeta) in the eastern Mediterranean. In: Petersen, M. E. &amp; Kirkegaard, J. B. (Eds), Systematics, Biology and Morphology of World Polychaeta. Proceedings of the 2 nd International Polychaete Conference, Copenhagen, 1986. Ophelia Supplement, 5, 515 - 528." type="journal article" year="1991">Ben-Eliahu 1991b: 526</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 5 [Gulf of
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, El Bilayim lagoon, first record from Gulf of
<collectingRegion id="730EF8135F59E009FF00FCF1FF3FFC68" box="[199,253,893,916]" country="Egypt" name="As Suways" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Suez</collectingRegion>
, collected
<date id="C57410315F59E009FEBEFCF1FE36FC68" box="[377,500,893,916]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="1968-06-10">10.VI.1968</date>
, sample SLR1753 (Por
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F59E009FCC2FCF1FC82FC68" box="[773,832,893,916]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al.</emphasis>
1972); on
<taxonomicName id="76CA4D725F59E009FC06FCF1FBF6FC68" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1815" box="[961,1076,893,916]" class="Bivalvia" family="Pectinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pectinida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Pectinidae</taxonomicName>
. Marginal radii of funnel single anchor-shaped];
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F59E009FEBEFC11FD91FC48" author="Selim, S. A." box="[377,595,925,948]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="87 - 110" refId="ref107756" refString="Selim, S. A. (1997 b) Description and remarks on Suez Canal serpulids (Polychaeta). Journal of the Egyptian German Society of Zoology, 22 (D), 87 - 110." type="journal article" year="1997">Selim 1997b: 9394</bibRefCitation>
, figs 6ae [Gulf of
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, Port Taufiq, collected in 1988].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B17536F15F59E009FF50FC51FAA0FC08" blockId="31.[151,1436,989,1428]" box="[151,1378,989,1012]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<collectingRegion id="730EF8135F59E009FF50FC51FF33FC08" box="[151,241,989,1012]" country="Sudan" name="Al Bahr al Ahmar" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Red Sea</collectingRegion>
, proper-Indo-West-Pacific (excluding citations from Gulf of
<materialsCitation id="01A23CAC5F59E009FCBCFC51FAA0FC08" box="[891,1378,989,1012]" location="Gulf of Aqaba" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="As Suways">
<collectingRegion id="730EF8135F59E009FCBCFC51FC6DFC08" box="[891,943,989,1012]" country="Egypt" name="As Suways" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Suez</collectingRegion>
and
<location id="B415602A5F59E009FC25FC51FBBFFC08" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:396387E75F59E034FF50FF1BFAC7FC80:B415602A5F59E009FC25FC51FBBFFC08" box="[994,1149,989,1012]" name="Gulf of Aqaba" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" stateProvince="As Suways">Gulf of Aqaba</location>
already given above)
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F9D0657A5F59E009FF50FC71FB22FA68" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B17536F15F59E009FF50FC71FB22FA68" blockId="31.[151,1436,989,1428]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="91DA11DF5F59E009FF50FC71FB22FA68" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<treatmentCitation id="306B10E05F59E009FF50FC71FD98FBE8" author="Pixell, H. L. M." box="[151,602,1021,1044]" page="75" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1913">
<taxonomicName id="76CA4D725F59E009FF50FC71FD98FBE8" ID-CoL="3N7BH" authority="Pixell, 1913: 74 - 75" authorityName="Pixell" authorityPageNumber="74 - 75" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,602,1021,1044]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Hydroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="homoceros">
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F59E009FF50FC71FE42FBE8" box="[151,384,1021,1044]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Hydroides homoceros</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F59E009FE41FC71FD98FBE8" author="Pixell, H. L. M." box="[390,602,1021,1044]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="69 - 92" refId="ref105823" refString="Pixell, H. L. M. (1913) Polychaeta of the Indian Ocean, together with some species from the Cape Verde Islands. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (Zoology), 16, 69 - 92; London. (Vol. 5, The Reports of the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905)." type="journal article" year="1913">Pixell, 1913: 7475</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 8 fig. 1 [Red Sea spec. with “double-T” (“double-anchor”) marginal radii; Indian Ocean (see “Material examined”, below)];
<treatmentCitation id="306B10E05F59E009FD20FB91FC67FBC8" author="Monro, C. C. A." box="[743,933,1053,1076]" page="316" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1937">
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F59E009FD20FB91FC67FBC8" author="Monro, C. C. A." box="[743,933,1053,1076]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="243 - 321" refId="ref104621" refString="Monro, C. C. A. (1937) Polychaeta. The John Murray Expedition Scientific Reports, 4 (8), 243 - 321." type="journal article" year="1937">Monro 1937: 316</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[Indian Ocean:
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F59E009FB90FB91FB7AFBC8" box="[1111,1208,1053,1076]" name="Tanzania" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
, Arabian coast,
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F59E009FAAFFB91FEC0FBA8" name="Maldives" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Maldives</collectingCountry>
, 2 specs. First “resembling Pixells descriptions and figure,” thus, with “double-anchor” marginal radii];
<treatmentCitation id="306B10E05F59E009FF00FBD1FDE8FB88" author="Wesenberg-Lund, E." box="[199,554,1117,1140]" page="356" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1949">
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F59E009FF00FBD1FDE8FB88" author="Wesenberg-Lund, E." box="[199,554,1117,1140]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="247 - 400" refId="ref109329" refString="Wesenberg-Lund, E. (1949) Polychaetes of the Iranian Gulf. Danish Scientific Investigations in Iran, 4, 247 - 400." type="journal article" year="1949">Wesenberg-Lund 1949: 356357</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 46a [Persian (Arabian) Gulf; marginal radii of funnel single-anchor-shaped, see
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F59E009FF37FBF1FE56FB68" box="[240,404,1149,1172]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figs 12A, D, E</figureCitation>
]; ten
<treatmentCitation id="306B10E05F59E009FE08FBF1FDB9FB68" author="Hove, H. A. ten" box="[463,635,1149,1172]" page="55" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1970">
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F59E009FE08FBF1FDB9FB68" author="Hove, H. A. ten" box="[463,635,1149,1172]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="55 - 60" refId="ref101246" refString="Hove, H. A. ten (1970 a) Additional notes on the polychaetes of the Iranian Gulf (Annelida, Polychaeta Serpulidae). Steenstrupia, 1 (7), 55 - 60." type="journal article" year="1970">Hove 1970a: 55</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 1ac [Persian (Arabian) Gulf (see “Material examined”, below); marginal teeth with “more or less blunt” spur surmounting single anchor-shaped form, see
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F59E009FBA3FB11FB07FB48" box="[1124,1221,1181,1204]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
];
<treatmentCitation id="306B10E05F59E009FB1FFB11FF2DFB28" author="Mohammad, M. - B. M." page="301" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1971">
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F59E009FB1FFB11FF2DFB28" author="Mohammad, M. - B. M." pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="285 - 303" refId="ref104377" refString="Mohammad, M. - B. M. (1971) Intertidal polychaetes from Kuwait, Arabian Gulf, with descriptions of three new species. Journal of Zoology, London, 163, 285 - 303." type="journal article" year="1971">Mohammad 1971: 301</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[Persian (Arabian) Gulf,
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F59E009FDC6FB31FD91FB28" box="[513,595,1213,1236]" name="Kuwait" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Kuwait</collectingCountry>
; the marginal teeth show a range from
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F59E009FC32FB31FB9FFB28" box="[1013,1117,1213,1236]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figs. 12B</figureCitation>
to C as in the Pixell
<typeStatus id="6E7188535F59E009FAF8FB31FA5EFB28" box="[1343,1436,1213,1236]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
(present paper)];
<treatmentCitation id="306B10E05F59E009FEB9FB51FDB2FB08" author="Mohammad, M. - B. M." box="[382,624,1245,1268]" page="133" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1976">
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F59E009FEB9FB51FDB2FB08" author="Mohammad, M. - B. M." box="[382,624,1245,1268]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="129 - 138" refId="ref104453" refString="Mohammad, M. - B. M. (1976) Relationship between biofouling and growth of the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata in Kuwait, Arabian Gulf. Hydrobiologia, 51 (2), 129 - 138." type="journal article" year="1976">Mohammad 1976: 133</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[Persian (Arabian) Gulf:
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F59E009FC47FB51FC13FB08" box="[896,977,1245,1268]" name="Kuwait" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Kuwait</collectingCountry>
, the marginal teeth show a range from
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F59E009FAA9FB51FF31FAE8" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figs 12B</figureCitation>
to C (present paper)];
<treatmentCitation id="306B10E05F59E009FE20FB71FD19FAE8" author="Mohammad, M. - B. M." box="[487,731,1277,1300]" page="131" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1981">
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F59E009FE20FB71FD19FAE8" author="Mohammad, M. - B. M." box="[487,731,1277,1300]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="129 - 131" refId="ref104493" refString="Mohammad, M. - B. M. (1981) Malformations in some polychaete annelids from Kuwait, Arabian Gulf. Hydrobiologia, 78, 129 - 131." type="journal article" year="1981">Mohammad 1981: 131</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[Persian (Arabian) Gulf,
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F59E009FC29FB71FB82FAE8" box="[1006,1088,1277,1300]" name="Kuwait" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Kuwait</collectingCountry>
; marginal teeth as above)]; Ben- Eliahu 1991b: 526, fig. 5 [south Red Sea: Dahlak Archipelago, marginal radii double-anchor-shapes, as in
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F59E009FAF0FA91FA55FAC8" box="[1335,1431,1309,1332]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 12C</figureCitation>
; ten
<treatmentCitation id="306B10E05F59E009FF37FAB1FE11FAA8" author="Hove, H. A. ten" box="[240,467,1341,1364]" page="107" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1994">
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F59E009FF37FAB1FE11FAA8" author="Hove, H. A. ten" box="[240,467,1341,1364]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="107 - 116" refId="ref101568" refString="Hove, H. A. ten (1994) 6.6. Serpulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from the Seychelles and Amirante Islands. In: Land, J. van der (Ed.). Oceanic Reefs of the Seychelles. Cruise Reports of the Netherlands Indian Ocean Program, 2. National Natural History Museum, Leiden, pp. 107 - 116." type="book chapter" year="1994">Hove 1994: 107114</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[Indian Ocean,
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F59E009FD43FAB1FD34FAA8" box="[644,758,1341,1364]" name="Seychelles" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
Islands; opercula with marginal radii in-between form of
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F59E009FAA9FAB1FE84FA88" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figs 12B and C</figureCitation>
, thus, with 2 pairs of lateral processes “double-anchor”, with the tip not rounded but flat, almost indented), present paper];
<treatmentCitation id="306B10E05F59E009FE18FAF1FD28FA68" author="Wehe, T. &amp; Fiege, D." box="[479,746,1405,1428]" page="127" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F59E009FE18FAF1FD28FA68" author="Wehe, T. &amp; Fiege, D." box="[479,746,1405,1428]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="7 - 238" refId="ref109253" refString="Wehe, T. &amp; Fiege, D. (2002) Annotated checklist of the polychaete species of the seas surrounding the Arabian Peninsula: Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, Arabian Sea, Gulf of Oman, Arabian Gulf. Fauna of Arabia, 19, 7 - 238." type="journal article" year="2002">Wehe &amp; Fiege 2002: 127</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[Persian Gulf, Arabian Sea; list of references].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F9D0657A5F59E036FF50FA49FE56FB3B" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B17536F15F59E009FF50FA49FD1FF988" blockId="31.[151,1436,1477,1988]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F59E009FF50FA49FB4BFA23" bold="true" box="[151,1161,1477,1503]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Material examined. Locations adjacent to the Suez Canal, Mediterranean side:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="01A23CAC5F59E009FB53FA49FABFF9B3" collectingDate="1955-10-21" collectionCode="INCNH" collectorName="E. Gilat" country="Israel" county="First Mediterranean" determinerName="M. N. Ben-Eliahu" elevation="32" location="Bay" municipality="Lessepsian" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Haifa">
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F59E009FB53FA49FB1BFA23" box="[1172,1241,1477,1503]" name="Israel" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Israel</collectingCountry>
: 14 samples, 22 specs.
<collectingCounty id="58144E7D5F59E009FF21FA66FE0CF9F8" box="[230,462,1514,1540]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">First Mediterranean</collectingCounty>
record of this
<collectingMunicipality id="5111AC8B5F59E009FDBBFA66FD3EF9F8" box="[636,764,1514,1540]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Lessepsian</collectingMunicipality>
migrant,
<collectionCode id="D7DBAE345F59E009FCB7FA66FC0FF9F8" box="[880,973,1514,1540]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">INCNH</collectionCode>
data unpublished,
<collectingRegion id="730EF8135F59E009FB6AFA66FB2CF9F8" box="[1197,1262,1514,1540]" country="Israel" name="Haifa" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Haifa</collectingRegion>
<location id="B415602A5F59E009FB31FA66FAE4F9F8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:396387E75F59E034FF50FF1BFAC7FC80:B415602A5F59E009FB31FA66FAE4F9F8" box="[1270,1318,1514,1540]" country="Israel" county="First Mediterranean" municipality="Lessepsian" name="Bay" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" stateProvince="Haifa">Bay</location>
,
<quantity id="76329B145F59E009FAF4FA66FAB3F9F8" box="[1331,1393,1514,1540]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="32.0">
<elevation id="3AE7D1C25F59E009FAF4FA66FAB3F9F8" box="[1331,1393,1514,1540]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="32.0">32 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectedFrom id="02D6750C5F59E009FAB8FA66FE46F9D5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
on
<taxonomicName id="76CA4D725F59E009FF50F99CFE46F9D5" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[151,388,1552,1577]" class="Bivalvia" family="Pectinidae" genus="Mimachlamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pectinida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="varia">
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F59E009FF50F99CFE46F9D5" box="[151,388,1552,1577]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Mimachlamys varia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
, legit
<collectorName id="1C3F53275F59E009FE0DF99CFDE7F9D6" box="[458,549,1552,1578]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">E. Gilat</collectorName>
(Gilat91)
<date id="C57410315F59E009FD67F99CFCDCF9D6" box="[672,798,1552,1578]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="1955-10-21">
<collectingDate id="D530E9D95F59E009FD67F99CFCDCF9D6" box="[672,798,1552,1578]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="1955-10-21">21.X.1955</collectingDate>
</date>
, det.
<determinerName id="44A9DA355F59E009FC9BF99CFBE5F9D6" box="[860,1063,1552,1578]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">M.N. Ben-Eliahu</determinerName>
ca. 1969, marginal radii singleanchor-shaped as figured by
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F59E009FE2FF9B9FD3CF9B3" author="Wesenberg-Lund, E." box="[488,766,1589,1615]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="247 - 400" refId="ref109329" refString="Wesenberg-Lund, E. (1949) Polychaetes of the Iranian Gulf. Danish Scientific Investigations in Iran, 4, 247 - 400." type="journal article" year="1949">Wesenberg-Lund (1949</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 46a), see
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F59E009FC6EF9B9FBD3F9B3" box="[937,1041,1589,1615]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 12E</figureCitation>
, TAU-NS (no number),
<specimenCount id="A7CCFD785F59E009FAEAF9B9FABFF9B3" box="[1325,1405,1589,1615]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="01A23CAC5F59E009FF50F9D6FD1FF988" box="[151,733,1626,1652]" country="Egypt" elevation="55" location="Depth" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" specimenCount="55" stateProvince="Shamal Sina'">
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F59E009FF50F9D6FF22F988" box="[151,224,1626,1652]" name="Egypt" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Egypt</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="730EF8135F59E009FF2BF9D6FEEEF988" box="[236,300,1626,1652]" country="Egypt" name="Shamal Sina'" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Sinai</collectingRegion>
: 2 samples.
<location id="B415602A5F59E009FE7DF9D6FDC4F988" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:396387E75F59E034FF50FF1BFAC7FC80:B415602A5F59E009FE7DF9D6FDC4F988" box="[442,518,1626,1652]" country="Egypt" name="Depth" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" stateProvince="Shamal Sina'">Depth</location>
: 9
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F59E009FDE9F9D6FD58F988" bold="true" box="[558,666,1626,1652]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">[2232]</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A7CCFD785F59E009FD5DF9D6FD1FF988" box="[666,733,1626,1652]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="generic">
<quantity id="76329B145F59E009FD5DF9D6FD1AF988" box="[666,728,1626,1652]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="55.0">
<elevation id="3AE7D1C25F59E009FD5DF9D6FD1AF988" box="[666,728,1626,1652]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="55.0">55 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B17536F15F59E009FF02F9F3FD3FF8A8" blockId="31.[151,1436,1477,1988]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<materialsCitation id="01A23CAC5F59E009FF02F9F3FD3DF8F6" county="Canal" location="Hebrew University-Smithsonian Expeditions" municipality="Beets' Great Bitter Lake" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="As Suways">
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F59E009FF02F9F3FD60F965" bold="true" box="[197,674,1663,1689]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<collectingRegion id="730EF8135F59E009FF02F9F3FEC2F965" box="[197,256,1663,1689]" country="Egypt" name="As Suways" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Suez</collectingRegion>
<collectingCounty id="58144E7D5F59E009FECFF9F3FE96F965" box="[264,340,1663,1689]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Canal</collectingCounty>
material reported herein:
</emphasis>
8 samples with 38 specs.
<collectingMunicipality id="5111AC8B5F59E009FC18F90CFAC7F966" box="[991,1285,1664,1690]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Beets Great Bitter Lake</collectingMunicipality>
samples, no taphonomic residues found, tubes provisionally identified as those of
<taxonomicName id="76CA4D725F59E009FC1BF929FB40F942" authorityName="Pixell" authorityYear="1913" box="[988,1154,1701,1726]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Hydroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="homoceros">
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F59E009FC1BF929FB40F942" box="[988,1154,1701,1726]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">H. homoceros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in at least 4 samples—
<location id="B415602A5F59E009FF50F946FD6CF918" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:396387E75F59E034FF50FF1BFAC7FC80:B415602A5F59E009FF50F946FD6CF918" box="[151,686,1738,1764]" county="Canal" municipality="Beets' Great Bitter Lake" name="Hebrew University-Smithsonian Expeditions" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" stateProvince="As Suways">Hebrew University-Smithsonian Expeditions</location>
, 19671973, 3 samples, 33 specs:
<location id="B415602A5F59E009FB8CF946FADCF918" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:396387E75F59E034FF50FF1BFAC7FC80:B415602A5F59E009FB8CF946FADCF918" box="[1099,1310,1738,1764]" county="Canal" municipality="Beets' Great Bitter Lake" name="Great Bitter Lake" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" stateProvince="As Suways">Great Bitter Lake</location>
, SLC 117, 31 specs; east of
<location id="B415602A5F59E009FE98F97CFE16F8F6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:396387E75F59E034FF50FF1BFAC7FC80:B415602A5F59E009FE98F97CFE16F8F6" box="[351,468,1776,1802]" county="Canal" municipality="Beets' Great Bitter Lake" name="Deversoir" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" stateProvince="As Suways">Deversoir</location>
,
<location id="B415602A5F59E009FE26F97CFDCFF8F6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:396387E75F59E034FF50FF1BFAC7FC80:B415602A5F59E009FE26F97CFDCFF8F6" box="[481,525,1776,1802]" county="Canal" municipality="Beets' Great Bitter Lake" name="Km" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" stateProvince="As Suways">Km</location>
97, SLC 50,
<specimenCount id="A7CCFD785F59E009FD6DF97CFD3DF8F6" box="[682,767,1776,1802]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
; SLC 52,
<specimenCount id="A7CCFD785F59E009FCB3F97CFC0BF8F6" box="[884,969,1776,1802]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
,
<materialsCitation id="01A23CAC5F59E009FC12F97CFD3FF8A8" collectingDate="1975-01-13" collectingDateMax="1975-01-20" collectingDateMin="1975-01-13" county="Great Bitter Lake" location="Bremerhaven" municipality="Biofouling Samples" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Suez">
<collectingMethod id="688B4EE65F59E009FC12F97CFB2EF8F6" box="[981,1260,1776,1802]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">marginal radii of funnel</collectingMethod>
single-anchorshaped, see
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F59E009FEEEF899FE7CF8D3" box="[297,446,1813,1839]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figs 12A, D</figureCitation>
.—
<collectingCounty id="58144E7D5F59E009FE26F899FD7BF8D3" box="[481,697,1813,1839]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Great Bitter Lake</collectingCounty>
“Yellow Fleet”
<collectingMunicipality id="5111AC8B5F59E009FCB9F899FBB0F8D3" box="[894,1138,1813,1839]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Biofouling Samples</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="C57410315F59E009FBB8F899FA42F8D3" box="[1151,1408,1813,1839]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="1975-01-13" valueMax="1975-01-20" valueMin="1975-01-13">
<collectingDate id="D530E9D95F59E009FBB8F899FA42F8D3" box="[1151,1408,1813,1839]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="1975-01-13" valueMax="1975-01-20" valueMin="1975-01-13">January 1320, 1975</collectingDate>
</date>
: 4 subsamples, 4 specs.
<location id="B415602A5F59E009FE56F8B6FDEDF8A8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:396387E75F59E034FF50FF1BFAC7FC80:B415602A5F59E009FE56F8B6FDEDF8A8" box="[401,559,1850,1876]" county="Great Bitter Lake" municipality="Biofouling Samples" name="Bremerhaven" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" stateProvince="Suez">Bremerhaven</location>
dry dock,
<specimenCount id="A7CCFD785F59E009FD6BF8B6FD3FF8A8" box="[684,765,1850,1876]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B17536F15F59E009FF02F8D3FF37F863" blockId="31.[151,1436,1477,1988]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F59E009FF02F8D3FCA9F885" bold="true" box="[197,875,1887,1913]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
Locations adjacent to the
<collectingRegion id="730EF8135F59E009FDDFF8D3FD96F885" box="[536,596,1887,1913]" country="Egypt" name="As Suways" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Suez</collectingRegion>
Canal,
<collectingRegion id="730EF8135F59E009FD7CF8D3FCE6F885" box="[699,804,1887,1913]" country="Sudan" name="Al Bahr al Ahmar" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Red Sea</collectingRegion>
side:
</emphasis>
Gulf of
<materialsCitation id="01A23CAC5F59E009FC11F8ECFF33F863" location="Gulf of Aqaba" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="As Suways">
<collectingRegion id="730EF8135F59E009FC11F8ECFBD6F886" box="[982,1044,1888,1914]" country="Egypt" name="As Suways" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Suez</collectingRegion>
, 1 sample.—
<location id="B415602A5F59E009FB75F8ECFAA9F886" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:396387E75F59E034FF50FF1BFAC7FC80:B415602A5F59E009FB75F8ECFAA9F886" box="[1202,1387,1888,1914]" name="Gulf of Aqaba" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" stateProvince="As Suways">Gulf of Aqaba</location>
: No records
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B17536F15F59E009FF02F826FCD1F838" blockId="31.[151,1436,1477,1988]" box="[197,787,1962,1988]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<collectingRegion id="730EF8135F59E009FF02F826FEE8F838" box="[197,298,1962,1988]" country="Sudan" name="Al Bahr al Ahmar" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Red Sea</collectingRegion>
: South
<collectingRegion id="730EF8135F59E009FE46F826FE24F838" box="[385,486,1962,1988]" country="Sudan" name="Al Bahr al Ahmar" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Red Sea</collectingRegion>
: 2 samples (? m, 36.6 m).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B17536F15F66E036FF02FF14FD65FEBB" blockId="32.[151,1436,152,1970]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<materialsCitation id="01A23CAC5F66E036FF02FF14FEC8FF00" collectingDate="1905-02-07" collectionCode="BM, NH" collectorName="Suakin Harbour &amp; C. Crossland" country="Sudan" location="Sudan" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F66E036FF02FF14FED3FF4E" box="[197,273,152,178]" name="Sudan" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Sudan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectorName id="1C3F53275F66E036FED9FF14FE18FF4E" box="[286,474,152,178]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Suakin Harbour</collectorName>
, legit
<collectorName id="1C3F53275F66E036FDE4FF14FD79FF4E" box="[547,699,152,178]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">C. Crossland</collectorName>
<date id="C57410315F66E036FD04FF14FCF3FF4E" box="[707,817,152,178]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1905-02-07">
<collectingDate id="D530E9D95F66E036FD04FF14FCF3FF4E" box="[707,817,152,178]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1905-02-07">7.II.1905</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="D7DBAE345F66E036FCFAFF14FCAEFF4E" box="[829,876,152,178]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bristol Museum" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">BM</collectionCode>
(
<collectionCode id="D7DBAE345F66E036FCB3FF14FC62FF4E" box="[884,928,152,178]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14911" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="Herbarium">NH</collectionCode>
) 1924.6.13.145,
<specimenCount id="A7CCFD785F66E036FBAFFF14FB7FFF4E" box="[1128,1213,152,178]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
,
<typeStatus id="6E7188535F66E036FB0DFF14FAEAFF4E" box="[1226,1320,152,178]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
, marginal radii with 2 pairs of recurved lateral processes, i.e., “double-anchor-shaped” (
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F66E036FBF6FF31FB07FF2B" author="Pixell, H. L. M." box="[1073,1221,189,215]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="69 - 92" refId="ref105823" refString="Pixell, H. L. M. (1913) Polychaeta of the Indian Ocean, together with some species from the Cape Verde Islands. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (Zoology), 16, 69 - 92; London. (Vol. 5, The Reports of the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905)." type="journal article" year="1913">Pixell, 1913</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 8 fig. 1a as in
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F66E036FF50FF6EFEC3FF00" box="[151,257,226,252]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 12C</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.—
<materialsCitation id="01A23CAC5F66E036FEE8FF6EFED7FEDE" collectingDate="1965-10-23" collectorName="Ch. Lewinsohn" country="Eritrea" latitude="15.583333" location="Dahlak Archipelago" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F66E036FEE8FF6EFE48FF00" box="[303,394,226,252]" name="Eritrea" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Eritrea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="B415602A5F66E036FE5FFF6EFD51FF00" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:396387E75F59E034FF50FF1BFAC7FC80:B415602A5F66E036FE5FFF6EFD51FF00" box="[408,659,226,252]" country="Eritrea" latitude="15.583333" name="Dahlak Archipelago" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Dahlak Archipelago</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D4FE50365F66E036FD66FF6EFCCEFF00" box="[673,780,226,252]" degrees="15" direction="north" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="925" value="15.583333">15°35N</geoCoordinate>
, 40°44, 36.6 m,
<collectedFrom id="02D6750C5F66E036FC21FF6EFB49FF00" box="[998,1163,226,252]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
on
<taxonomicName id="76CA4D725F66E036FBCAFF6EFB49FF00" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1818" box="[1037,1163,226,252]" class="Bivalvia" family="Malleidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Malleidae</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
, legit
<collectorName id="1C3F53275F66E036FB1EFF6EFA55FF00" box="[1241,1431,226,252]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Ch. Lewinsohn</collectorName>
,
<date id="C57410315F66E036FF50FE84FED7FEDE" box="[151,277,264,290]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1965-10-23">
<collectingDate id="D530E9D95F66E036FF50FE84FED7FEDE" box="[151,277,264,290]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1965-10-23">23.X.1965</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="01A23CAC5F66E036FEE5FE84FD60FEBB" country="Israel" determinerName="M. N. Ben-Eliahu" location="South Red Sea Expedition" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F66E036FEE5FE84FEA1FEDE" box="[290,355,264,290]" name="Israel" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Israel</collectingCountry>
<location id="B415602A5F66E036FEACFE84FD66FEDE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:396387E75F59E034FF50FF1BFAC7FC80:B415602A5F66E036FEACFE84FD66FEDE" box="[363,676,264,290]" country="Israel" name="South Red Sea Expedition" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">South Red Sea Expedition</location>
, 19085 Stn 12, det.
<determinerName id="44A9DA355F66E036FC57FE84FB99FEDE" box="[912,1115,264,290]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">M.N. Ben-Eliahu</determinerName>
ca. 1985,
<collectingMethod id="688B4EE65F66E036FB11FE84FF20FEBB" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">marginal radii of funnel</collectingMethod>
double-anchor-shaped, as in
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F66E036FDFEFEA1FD60FEBB" box="[569,674,301,327]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 12C</figureCitation>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B17536F15F66E036FF02FEDEFD61FDFE" blockId="32.[151,1436,152,1970]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<materialsCitation id="01A23CAC5F66E036FF02FEDEFD5DFDFE" collectionCode="BM, NH" collectorName="C. Crossland" country="Tanzania" location="Tanzania" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCount="4" typeStatus="syntype">
Indian Ocean,
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F66E036FEB3FEDEFE20FE90" box="[372,482,338,364]" name="Tanzania" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
, off Zanzibar, scraped from the bottom of the “Juba,” legit
<collectorName id="1C3F53275F66E036FB6FFEDEFA84FE90" box="[1192,1350,338,364]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">C. Crossland</collectorName>
, 1901 1902,
<specimenCount id="A7CCFD785F66E036FF27FEF4FE9EFE6E" box="[224,348,376,402]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="generic" typeStatus="syntypes">4 syntypes</specimenCount>
and slide of collar chaetae and uncini,
<collectionCode id="D7DBAE345F66E036FCE1FEF4FC97FE6E" box="[806,853,376,402]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bristol Museum" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">BM</collectionCode>
(
<collectionCode id="D7DBAE345F66E036FC9AFEF4FC4BFE6E" box="[861,905,376,402]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14911" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="Herbarium">NH</collectionCode>
) 1924.6.13.147; although Pixell did not refer to variation in the form of the opercular spines, marginal radii of
<typeStatus id="6E7188535F66E036FC70FE11FBE2FE4B" box="[951,1056,413,439]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
range from spur-tipped singleanchor to a more developed spur approaching double-anchor form (
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F66E036FC73FE4EFB84FE20" author="Pixell, H. L. M." box="[948,1094,450,476]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="69 - 92" refId="ref105823" refString="Pixell, H. L. M. (1913) Polychaeta of the Indian Ocean, together with some species from the Cape Verde Islands. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (Zoology), 16, 69 - 92; London. (Vol. 5, The Reports of the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905)." type="journal article" year="1913">Pixell, 1913</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 8 fig. 1a), i.e., a range in form between
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F66E036FE87FE64FE68FDFE" box="[320,426,488,514]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs 12B</figureCitation>
to C (present paper)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B17536F15F66E036FF02FD81FB04FD6B" blockId="32.[151,1436,152,1970]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<materialsCitation id="01A23CAC5F66E036FF02FD81FB00FD6B" collectingDate="1933-11-02" collectingDateMax="1991-11-23" collectingDateMin="1933-11-02" collectionCode="BM, NH, ZMA" collectorName="R. G. Moolenbeek &amp; H. Dekker &amp; V. Pol." country="Oman" county="Masirah Island" determinerName="C. C. A. Monro" location="Arabian Sea" municipality="Gulf of Masirah" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCount="1">
<location id="B415602A5F66E036FF02FD81FE98FDDB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:396387E75F59E034FF50FF1BFAC7FC80:B415602A5F66E036FF02FD81FE98FDDB" box="[197,346,525,551]" country="Oman" county="Masirah Island" municipality="Gulf of Masirah" name="Arabian Sea" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Arabian Sea</location>
:
<location id="B415602A5F66E036FEA2FD81FD9EFDDB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:396387E75F59E034FF50FF1BFAC7FC80:B415602A5F66E036FEA2FD81FD9EFDDB" box="[357,604,525,551]" country="Oman" county="Masirah Island" municipality="Gulf of Masirah" name="South Arabian Coast" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">South Arabian Coast</location>
, 13.5 m,
<location id="B415602A5F66E036FD0DFD81FCA3FDDB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:396387E75F59E034FF50FF1BFAC7FC80:B415602A5F66E036FD0DFD81FCA3FDDB" box="[714,865,525,551]" country="Oman" county="Masirah Island" municipality="Gulf of Masirah" name="John Murray" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">John Murray</location>
stn 53,
<date id="C57410315F66E036FC78FD81FBFAFDDB" box="[959,1080,525,551]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1933-11-02">
<collectingDate id="D530E9D95F66E036FC78FD81FBFAFDDB" box="[959,1080,525,551]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1933-11-02">2.XI.1933</collectingDate>
</date>
, det.
<determinerName id="44A9DA355F66E036FBBFFD81FAE6FDDB" box="[1144,1316,525,551]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">C.C.A. Monro</determinerName>
,
<collectionCode id="D7DBAE345F66E036FAF7FD81FA9DFDDB" box="[1328,1375,525,551]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bristol Museum" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">BM</collectionCode>
(
<collectionCode id="D7DBAE345F66E036FAA0FD81FA51FDDB" box="[1383,1427,525,551]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14911" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="Herbarium">NH</collectionCode>
) 1937.9.2.5401, 2 specs, marginal radii as in
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F66E036FD60FDBEFC81FDB0" author="Pixell, H. L. M." box="[679,835,562,588]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="69 - 92" refId="ref105823" refString="Pixell, H. L. M. (1913) Polychaeta of the Indian Ocean, together with some species from the Cape Verde Islands. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (Zoology), 16, 69 - 92; London. (Vol. 5, The Reports of the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905)." type="journal article" year="1913">Pixell (1913)</bibRefCitation>
, and as in
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F66E036FC7BFDBEFBE4FDB0" box="[956,1062,562,588]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs 12B</figureCitation>
to C.—
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F66E036FB45FDBEFB0CFDB0" box="[1154,1230,562,588]" name="Oman" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Oman</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="5111AC8B5F66E036FB1EFDBEFA5AFDB0" box="[1241,1432,562,588]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Gulf of Masirah</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="58144E7D5F66E036FF50FDD4FE94FD8E" box="[151,342,600,626]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Masirah Island</collectingCounty>
, Ras Al Ya; low tide, under stones, Stn 91 / 105, legit
<collectorName id="1C3F53275F66E036FBCAFDD4FB2BFD8E" box="[1037,1257,600,626]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">R.G. Moolenbeek</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="1C3F53275F66E036FAD4FDD4FA5AFD8E" box="[1299,1432,600,626]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">H. Dekker</collectorName>
,
<date id="C57410315F66E036FF50FDF1FEDDFD6B" box="[151,287,637,663]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1991-11-23">
<collectingDate id="D530E9D95F66E036FF50FDF1FEDDFD6B" box="[151,287,637,663]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1991-11-23">23.XI.1991</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="D7DBAE345F66E036FEECFDF1FEAEFD6B" box="[299,364,637,663]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">ZMA</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="1C3F53275F66E036FEB3FDF1FE79FD6B" box="[372,443,637,663]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">V.Pol.</collectorName>
3838, marginal radii with spur-tipped single-anchor, see
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F66E036FB9FFDF1FB00FD6B" box="[1112,1218,637,663]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B17536F15F66E036FF02FD2EFAB7FCD0" blockId="32.[151,1436,152,1970]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
Gulf of
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F66E036FEE0FD2EFEB1FD40" box="[295,371,674,700]" name="Oman" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Oman</collectingCountry>
, N.
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F66E036FE60FD2EFE31FD40" box="[423,499,674,700]" name="Oman" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Oman</collectingCountry>
, Khor al Quway, north-south running strait, gentle current, from east side of strait, 18.336.6 m, Royal Geographical Society (of
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F66E036FCD0FD44FC7BFD1E" box="[791,953,712,738]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Great Britain</collectingCountry>
) Musandam Expedition, 197172, legit P.E.S. Cornelius; extracted and det. by H.
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F66E036FD4FFD61FC80FCFB" author="Zibrowius, H." box="[648,834,749,775]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="433 - 446" refId="ref109654" refString="Zibrowius, H. (1972) Hydroides norvegica Gunnerus, Hydroides azorica n. sp. et Hydroides capensis n. sp. (Polychaeta Serpulidae), especes vicariantes dans l'Atlantique. Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, Serie 3, 33 (39), 433 - 446." type="journal article" year="1972">Zibrowius 1972</bibRefCitation>
from dead coral fragments from sandy bottom and limestone area, on coelenterates,
<collectionCode id="D7DBAE345F66E036FDDBFC9EFD89FCD0" box="[540,587,786,812]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bristol Museum" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">BM</collectionCode>
(
<collectionCode id="D7DBAE345F66E036FD95FC9EFDBCFCD0" box="[594,638,786,812]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14911" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="Herbarium">NH</collectionCode>
) 1972:217, marginal radii double-anchor-shaped, as in
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F66E036FAC0FC9EFAB3FCD0" box="[1287,1393,786,812]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 12C</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B17536F15F66E036FF02FCB4FAA6FC60" blockId="32.[151,1436,152,1970]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<materialsCitation id="01A23CAC5F66E036FF02FCB4FAA2FC60" collectingDate="1938-04-07" collectingDateMax="2000-02" collectingDateMin="1938-04-07" collectionCode="ZMUC" collectorName="S. Ekman &amp; Petersen-grab &amp; Danish Expedition Stn &amp; B. Loppenthin &amp; H. A. ten Hove" country="Iran" determinerName="B. Loppenthin" elevation="49" latitude="26.2" location="Strait" longLatPrecision="1243" longitude="55.366665" municipality="Tunb" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCount="1">
<location id="B415602A5F66E036FF02FCB4FEC6FCAE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:396387E75F59E034FF50FF1BFAC7FC80:B415602A5F66E036FF02FCB4FEC6FCAE" box="[197,260,824,850]" country="Iran" latitude="26.2" longLatPrecision="1243" longitude="55.366665" municipality="Tunb" name="Strait" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Strait</location>
of
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F66E036FEEAFCB4FE53FCAE" box="[301,401,824,850]" name="Iran" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Hormuz</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="76329B145F66E036FE59FCB4FE36FCAE" box="[414,500,824,850]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.04672" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="mi" value="5.0">5 miles</quantity>
<collectorName id="1C3F53275F66E036FE3BFCB4FDEFFCAE" box="[508,557,824,850]" name="S. Ekman" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">S.E.</collectorName>
of the
<collectingMunicipality id="5111AC8B5F66E036FD44FCB4FD02FCAE" box="[643,704,824,850]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Tunb</collectingMunicipality>
light,
<geoCoordinate id="D4FE50365F66E036FCC9FCB4FCB9FCAE" box="[782,891,824,850]" degrees="26" direction="north" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="925" value="26.2">26°12' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D4FE50365F66E036FC4FFCB4FC2AFCAE" box="[904,1000,824,850]" degrees="55" direction="east" minutes="22" orientation="longitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="925" value="55.366665">55°22'E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="76329B145F66E036FC32FCB4FBA3FCAE" box="[1013,1121,824,850]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="49.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="38.0">
<elevation id="3AE7D1C25F66E036FC32FCB4FBA3FCAE" box="[1013,1121,824,850]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="49.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="38.0">3860 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectorName id="1C3F53275F66E036FBA9FCB4FAD1FCAE" box="[1134,1299,824,850]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Petersen-grab</collectorName>
,
<date id="C57410315F66E036FAE7FCB4FA54FCAE" box="[1312,1430,824,850]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1938-04-07">
<collectingDate id="D530E9D95F66E036FAE7FCB4FA54FCAE" box="[1312,1430,824,850]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1938-04-07">7.IV.1938</collectingDate>
</date>
, gravel and shells,
<collectorName id="1C3F53275F66E036FEABFCD1FDB4FC8B" box="[364,630,861,887]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Danish Expedition Stn</collectorName>
118, legit
<collectorName id="1C3F53275F66E036FD34FCD1FC62FC8B" box="[755,928,861,887]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<determinerName id="44A9DA355F66E036FD34FCD1FC62FC8B" box="[755,928,861,887]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">B. Løppenthin</determinerName>
</collectorName>
, det. E.
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F66E036FBC7FCD1FA55FC8B" author="Wesenberg-Lund, E." box="[1024,1431,861,887]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="247 - 400" refId="ref109329" refString="Wesenberg-Lund, E. (1949) Polychaetes of the Iranian Gulf. Danish Scientific Investigations in Iran, 4, 247 - 400." type="journal article" year="1949">Wesenberg-Lund (1949: 380381)</bibRefCitation>
, redet.
<collectorName id="1C3F53275F66E036FF27FC0EFE49FC60" box="[224,395,898,924]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">H.A. ten Hove</collectorName>
<date id="C57410315F66E036FE55FC0EFE28FC60" box="[402,490,898,924]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="2000-02">
<collectingDate id="D530E9D95F66E036FE55FC0EFE28FC60" box="[402,490,898,924]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="2000-02">II.2000</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="D7DBAE345F66E036FE30FC0EFD8DFC60" box="[503,591,898,924]" country="Denmark" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">ZMUC</collectionCode>
,
<collectingMethod id="688B4EE65F66E036FD9DFC0EFCB2FC60" box="[602,880,898,924]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">marginal radii of funnel</collectingMethod>
single-anchor-shaped, see
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F66E036FB6BFC0EFAA2FC60" box="[1196,1376,898,924]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs 12A, D, E</figureCitation>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B17536F15F66E036FF02FC24FD54FB80" blockId="32.[151,1436,152,1970]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
Persian (Arabian) Gulf. Sample details unknown, legit Ø. Støckland ca. 2004, det. M.N. Ben-Eliahu
<date id="C57410315F66E036FF50FC41FF3EFC1B" box="[151,252,973,999]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="2004-11">XI.2004</date>
, marginal radii with single pair of lateral processes topped by a more or less expanded tip (cf., ten
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F66E036FF50FC7EFEEEFBF0" author="Hove, H. A. ten" box="[151,300,1010,1036]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="55 - 60" refId="ref101246" refString="Hove, H. A. ten (1970 a) Additional notes on the polychaetes of the Iranian Gulf (Annelida, Polychaeta Serpulidae). Steenstrupia, 1 (7), 55 - 60." type="journal article" year="1970">Hove 1970a</bibRefCitation>
, figs 1ac), similarly from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf,
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F66E036FC0DFC7EFBF3FBF0" box="[970,1073,1010,1036]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
.—
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F66E036FB91FC7EFB79FBF0" box="[1110,1211,1010,1036]" name="Bahrain" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Bahrain</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="76329B145F66E036FB0EFC7EFAE2FBF0" box="[1225,1312,1010,1036]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.437376" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="mi" value="4.0">4 miles</quantity>
E.N.E. of
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F66E036FF50FB94FF37FBCE" box="[151,245,1048,1074]" name="Bahrain" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Bahrain</collectingCountry>
light-ship, Stn 87, m?, legit B. Løppenthin
<date id="C57410315F66E036FCCEFB94FC53FBCE" box="[777,913,1048,1074]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1928-03-20">20.III.1928</date>
,
<collectionCode id="D7DBAE345F66E036FC58FB94FC23FBCE" box="[927,993,1048,1074]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">ZMA</collectionCode>
V.Pol. 3002, marginal radii with one pair of recurved lateral pinnules, surmounted by spur (as in ten
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F66E036FC49FBB1FBE3FBAB" author="Hove, H. A. ten" box="[910,1057,1085,1111]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="55 - 60" refId="ref101246" refString="Hove, H. A. ten (1970 a) Additional notes on the polychaetes of the Iranian Gulf (Annelida, Polychaeta Serpulidae). Steenstrupia, 1 (7), 55 - 60." type="journal article" year="1970">Hove 1970a</bibRefCitation>
, figs 1ac), more recurved, i.e., more anchor-shaped than those in
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F66E036FDEEFBEEFD51FB80" box="[553,659,1122,1148]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B17536F15F66E036FF02FB0BFE56FB3B" blockId="32.[151,1436,152,1970]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F66E036FF02FB0BFDB3FB5D" bold="true" box="[197,625,1159,1185]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<collectingRegion id="730EF8135F66E036FF02FB0BFEC2FB5D" box="[197,256,1159,1185]" country="Egypt" name="As Suways" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Suez</collectingRegion>
Canal depth and substrates:
</emphasis>
Shallow
<quantity id="76329B145F66E036FD2BFB04FCE8FB5E" box="[748,810,1160,1186]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
, on algae:
<taxonomicName id="76CA4D725F66E036FC6AFB04FBD3FB5D" baseAuthorityName="Phyt" baseAuthorityYear="1599" box="[941,1041,1160,1185]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Digenea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F66E036FC6AFB04FBD3FB5D" box="[941,1041,1160,1185]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Digenea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; sponges; on bivalve,
<taxonomicName id="76CA4D725F66E036FAE5FB04FF3EFB3A" class="Bivalvia" family="Spondylidae" genus="Spondylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pectinida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="spinosus">
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F66E036FAE5FB04FF3EFB3A" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Spondylus spinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; on tunicate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F9D0657A5F66E036FF02FB5EFC80FACB" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B17536F15F66E036FF02FB5EFC80FACB" blockId="32.[151,1436,152,1970]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F66E036FF02FB5EFEA8FB10" bold="true" box="[197,362,1234,1260]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Distribution.</emphasis>
Lessepsian migrant to the Mediterranean:
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F66E036FCB0FB5EFC7FFB10" box="[887,957,1234,1260]" name="Israel" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Israel</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F66E036FC0CFB5EFBE7FB10" box="[971,1061,1234,1260]" name="Turkey" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Turkey</collectingCountry>
; Suez Canal; Red Sea: Gulf of Suez, Dahlak Archipelago; Indian Ocean:
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F66E036FD4FFB74FD30FAEE" box="[648,754,1272,1298]" name="Tanzania" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F66E036FD39FB74FCBCFAEE" box="[766,894,1272,1298]" name="Seychelles" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
, South Arabian coast, Persian (Arabian) Gulf,
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F66E036FF50FA91FECAFACB" box="[151,264,1309,1335]" name="Maldives" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Maldives</collectingCountry>
. May occur in living corals (
<taxonomicName id="76CA4D725F66E036FD9EFA91FD0CFACA" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[601,718,1309,1334]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Milleporidae" genus="Millepora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F66E036FD9EFA91FD0CFACA" box="[601,718,1309,1334]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Millepora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="76CA4D725F66E036FD1BFA91FCF3FACA" box="[732,817,1309,1334]" class="Anthozoa" family="Poritidae" genus="Porites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F66E036FD1BFA91FCF3FACA" box="[732,817,1309,1334]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Porites</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F9D0657A5F66E034FF01FACEFAC7FC80" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B17536F15F66E036FF01FACEFF08F97B" blockId="32.[151,1436,152,1970]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F66E036FF01FACEFEFDFAA0" bold="true" box="[198,319,1346,1372]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Remarks.</emphasis>
Tube with 3 prominent longitudinal ridges of equal height; transversal ridges not prominent, giving the tube relatively smooth sides (ten
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F66E036FD6DFAE4FCAFFA7E" author="Hove, H. A. ten" box="[682,877,1384,1410]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="55 - 60" refId="ref101246" refString="Hove, H. A. ten (1970 a) Additional notes on the polychaetes of the Iranian Gulf (Annelida, Polychaeta Serpulidae). Steenstrupia, 1 (7), 55 - 60." type="journal article" year="1970">Hove 1970a: 55</bibRefCitation>
, figs 18;
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F66E036FC37FAE4FBAFFA7E" box="[1008,1133,1384,1410]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="22.[151,255,212,236]" captionText="FIGURE 5. Variability in tubes of the genus Hydroides. Hydroides diramphus, AC: A—Upper surface with higher lateral longitudinal ridges and barely visible median longitudinal ridge (from Mediterranean coast of Israel, Nabi Yunes, legit E. Gilat, sample 1821b, 10.XI.1969, 22 m, on Pinctada radiata; HUJ-Poly-860), B—Tube fragment (anterior, left) with two longitudinal ridges; prominent transversal ridges (Lake Timsah, [SBE 7, App. Table 2C]), C—Three longitudinal ridges seen in anterior of tube; minute, slightly chitinised verticil present at anterior margin of tube (Mediterranean, from fouling panels, Israel Electric Corporation, Haifa; legit A. Glazer, 08.IX.2004, ~0.5 m depth, on Cirripedia). Hydroides elegans, D, E: D—Tube with two very prominent longitudinal ridges (Mediterranean, Israel, Jaffa Port; on shallow rocks; legit S. Hayat, 18.VI.2001), E—Young mature specimen; longitudinal ridges less prominent than in “C”, more prominent than in older, abraded tubes as in Fig. 5D, Great Bitter Lake, Km 98, (SLC 117, App. Table 2C). Hydroides heterocerus, F, G: F—Left upper corner inset with apical view of tube; small specimen shows relatively rare tube with 3 longitudinal ridges (Suez Canal, Great Bitter Lake, east of Deversoir (SLC 72, App. Table 2C), G—Typical tube, tube, round, with marked transversal ridges, longitudinal ridges not seen (Great Bitter Lake, legit H. Brattström and J.P. Taasen [sub-sample BIV 9; App. Table 2D]). Hydroides homoceros, H, I: H—Four fragments from a single tube; three of them with three marked longitudinal ridges; one section with a granular surface layer (Great Bitter Lake, legit H. Brattström and J.P. Taasen [sub-sample Tun, App. Table 2D]), I—Tube with three longitudinal ridges, with blotches; from ship fouling that developed in the Great Bitter Lake, sampled when the M/S “Münsterland” reached the Bremerhaven dry dock after it traversed the Mediterranean (18.VI. / 1975, legit J.P. Taasen); note posterior of decayed specimen projecting from fragment of tube. Scales: 1 mm." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs 5HI</figureCitation>
). Very slight pink cast in some tubes. Of ca. 20 inhabited tubes, the longitudinal ridges were prominent in nearly all the tubes (although not equally prominent throughout the length of the tube, e.g., one of four fragments of the single tube in
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F66E036FAAAFA3EFF78FA0E" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="22.[151,255,212,236]" captionText="FIGURE 5. Variability in tubes of the genus Hydroides. Hydroides diramphus, AC: A—Upper surface with higher lateral longitudinal ridges and barely visible median longitudinal ridge (from Mediterranean coast of Israel, Nabi Yunes, legit E. Gilat, sample 1821b, 10.XI.1969, 22 m, on Pinctada radiata; HUJ-Poly-860), B—Tube fragment (anterior, left) with two longitudinal ridges; prominent transversal ridges (Lake Timsah, [SBE 7, App. Table 2C]), C—Three longitudinal ridges seen in anterior of tube; minute, slightly chitinised verticil present at anterior margin of tube (Mediterranean, from fouling panels, Israel Electric Corporation, Haifa; legit A. Glazer, 08.IX.2004, ~0.5 m depth, on Cirripedia). Hydroides elegans, D, E: D—Tube with two very prominent longitudinal ridges (Mediterranean, Israel, Jaffa Port; on shallow rocks; legit S. Hayat, 18.VI.2001), E—Young mature specimen; longitudinal ridges less prominent than in “C”, more prominent than in older, abraded tubes as in Fig. 5D, Great Bitter Lake, Km 98, (SLC 117, App. Table 2C). Hydroides heterocerus, F, G: F—Left upper corner inset with apical view of tube; small specimen shows relatively rare tube with 3 longitudinal ridges (Suez Canal, Great Bitter Lake, east of Deversoir (SLC 72, App. Table 2C), G—Typical tube, tube, round, with marked transversal ridges, longitudinal ridges not seen (Great Bitter Lake, legit H. Brattström and J.P. Taasen [sub-sample BIV 9; App. Table 2D]). Hydroides homoceros, H, I: H—Four fragments from a single tube; three of them with three marked longitudinal ridges; one section with a granular surface layer (Great Bitter Lake, legit H. Brattström and J.P. Taasen [sub-sample Tun, App. Table 2D]), I—Tube with three longitudinal ridges, with blotches; from ship fouling that developed in the Great Bitter Lake, sampled when the M/S “Münsterland” reached the Bremerhaven dry dock after it traversed the Mediterranean (18.VI. / 1975, legit J.P. Taasen); note posterior of decayed specimen projecting from fragment of tube. Scales: 1 mm." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 5H</figureCitation>
appears covered with a granular layer). Some of the three-ridged tubes on Beets shells were provisionally identified as
<taxonomicName id="76CA4D725F66E036FEF3FA71FDF4F9EA" authorityName="Pixell" authorityYear="1913" box="[308,566,1533,1558]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Hydroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="homoceros">
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F66E036FEF3FA71FDF4F9EA" box="[308,566,1533,1558]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Hydroides homoceros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see App.
<tableCitation id="FC48034A5F66E036FD07FA71FCF2F9EB" box="[704,816,1533,1559]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="53.[147,234,588,611]" captionText="TABLE 2. Characteristics of the present Protula specimens (Figs 1722)" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Table 2B</tableCitation>
), however, due to the lack of taphonomic residues, presence in the Canal in 1950 is considered as likely but not conclusive. The first complete specimens (inhabited tubes), were collected in the Great Bitter Lake (east of Deversoir-Km 97 [SLC50] in 1969, see App.
<tableCitation id="FC48034A5F66E036FA9BF9C4FF7FF97B" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="53.[147,234,588,611]" captionText="TABLE 2. Characteristics of the present Protula specimens (Figs 1722)" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Table 2C</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B17536F15F66E036FF02F91EFED8F84E" blockId="32.[151,1436,152,1970]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
The operculum of
<taxonomicName id="76CA4D725F66E036FE60F91FFD6DF950" authorityName="Pixell" authorityYear="1913" box="[423,687,1683,1708]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Hydroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="homoceros">
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F66E036FE60F91FFD6DF950" box="[423,687,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Hydroides homoceros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and specifically the tips of the marginal radii of the funnels, shows an interesting variability in form (
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F66E036FDB5F934FCC0F92E" box="[626,770,1720,1746]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs 12AE</figureCitation>
) and all of the forms are present in the Persian Gulf. The “double-anchor” (
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F66E036FEAAF951FE3AF90B" author="Pixell, H. L. M." box="[365,504,1757,1783]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="69 - 92" refId="ref105823" refString="Pixell, H. L. M. (1913) Polychaeta of the Indian Ocean, together with some species from the Cape Verde Islands. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (Zoology), 16, 69 - 92; London. (Vol. 5, The Reports of the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905)." type="journal article" year="1913">Pixell 1913</bibRefCitation>
) and “single-anchor” (
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F66E036FCCFF951FBD9F90B" author="Wesenberg-Lund, E." box="[776,1051,1757,1783]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="247 - 400" refId="ref109329" refString="Wesenberg-Lund, E. (1949) Polychaetes of the Iranian Gulf. Danish Scientific Investigations in Iran, 4, 247 - 400." type="journal article" year="1949">Wesenberg-Lund 1949</bibRefCitation>
) forms can be considered as the most extreme of these forms. The proximal paired lateral spinules may range in form from anchor-shaped to a more pointed “T-shaped” as in
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F66E036FDCEF8A4FD7FF8BE" box="[521,701,1832,1858]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs 12DB. A</figureCitation>
distal pair of lateral spinules may be developed similar to the proximal pair (= “double-anchor”,
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F66E036FDFEF8C1FD64F89B" box="[569,678,1869,1895]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 12C</figureCitation>
), or the distal lateral spinules may be reduced to a more or less rounded spur, “spur-tipped-T-shaped” (
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F66E036FDA4F8FEFD0DF870" box="[611,719,1906,1932]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
); alternatively, distal lateral spinules may be lacking entirely (
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F66E036FF58F814FECFF84E" box="[159,269,1944,1970]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 12D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="E5B566795F67E037FF50F996FCA2F8EE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" startId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" targetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" targetPageId="33">
<paragraph id="B17536F15F67E037FF50F996FCA2F8EE" blockId="33.[151,1436,1562,1810]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F67E037FF50F996FEEAF9CE" bold="true" box="[151,296,1562,1586]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
Variability in opercula of
<taxonomicName id="76CA4D725F67E037FD8CF997FCF7F9CE" authorityName="Pixell" authorityYear="1913" box="[587,821,1563,1586]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Hydroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="homoceros">
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F67E037FD8CF997FCF7F9CE" box="[587,821,1563,1586]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Hydroides homoceros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F67E037FCAAF937FC47F92E" box="[877,901,1723,1746]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34"></emphasis>
from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F67E037FB0EF937FB23F92E" box="[1225,1249,1723,1746]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34"></emphasis>
resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B17536F15F67E034FF01F8B1FD5EFF03" blockId="33.[151,1436,1853,2034]" lastBlockId="34.[151,1436,152,892]" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
The “double-anchor-shape” (
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F67E037FDE4F8B1FD53F8AB" box="[547,657,1853,1879]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 12C</figureCitation>
) is similar to that figured in
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F67E037FC39F8B1FB57F8AB" author="Pixell, H. L. M." box="[1022,1173,1853,1879]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="69 - 92" refId="ref105823" refString="Pixell, H. L. M. (1913) Polychaeta of the Indian Ocean, together with some species from the Cape Verde Islands. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (Zoology), 16, 69 - 92; London. (Vol. 5, The Reports of the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905)." type="journal article" year="1913">Pixell (1913</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 8 fig. 1a) and in
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F67E037FF50F8E8FEB3F882" author="Mohammad, M. - B. M." box="[151,369,1892,1918]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="129 - 131" refId="ref104493" refString="Mohammad, M. - B. M. (1981) Malformations in some polychaete annelids from Kuwait, Arabian Gulf. Hydrobiologia, 78, 129 - 131." type="journal article" year="1981">Mohammad (1981</bibRefCitation>
fig. 2c), but, in re-examining their material, we also found specimens with marginal radii ranging in form between
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F67E037FE17F807FD5AF859" box="[464,664,1931,1957]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 12B and C</figureCitation>
. This “double-anchor” form has been reported from the Indian Ocean,
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F67E037FF33F83DFE9CF837" box="[244,350,1969,1995]" name="Tanzania" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F67E037FEA9F83DFE19F837" box="[366,475,1969,1995]" name="Maldives" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Maldives</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F67E037FE2AF83DFDBFF837" author="Pixell, H. L. M." box="[493,637,1969,1995]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="69 - 92" refId="ref105823" refString="Pixell, H. L. M. (1913) Polychaeta of the Indian Ocean, together with some species from the Cape Verde Islands. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (Zoology), 16, 69 - 92; London. (Vol. 5, The Reports of the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905)." type="journal article" year="1913">Pixell 1913</bibRefCitation>
), the Arabian coast,
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F67E037FCBBF83DFC06F837" box="[892,964,1969,1995]" name="Oman" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Oman</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F67E037FC10F83DFBB0F837" author="Monro, C. C. A." box="[983,1138,1969,1995]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="243 - 321" refId="ref104621" refString="Monro, C. C. A. (1937) Polychaeta. The John Murray Expedition Scientific Reports, 4 (8), 243 - 321." type="journal article" year="1937">Monro 1937</bibRefCitation>
), from the Persian Gulf,
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F67E037FF50F854FF2FF80E" box="[151,237,2008,2034]" name="Kuwait" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Kuwait</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F67E037FF3AF854FE10F80E" author="Mohammad, M. - B. M." box="[253,466,2008,2034]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="129 - 131" refId="ref104493" refString="Mohammad, M. - B. M. (1981) Malformations in some polychaete annelids from Kuwait, Arabian Gulf. Hydrobiologia, 78, 129 - 131." type="journal article" year="1981">Mohammad 1981</bibRefCitation>
, see references above), from the
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F67E037FC9DF854FC15F80E" box="[858,983,2008,2034]" name="Seychelles" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
(present paper), and the southern Red Sea - Dahlak Archipelago (
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F64E034FE13FF14FD6CFF4E" author="Ben-Eliahu, M. N." box="[468,686,152,178]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="515 - 528" refId="ref93874" refString="Ben-Eliahu, M. N. (1991 b) Red Sea serpulids (Polychaeta) in the eastern Mediterranean. In: Petersen, M. E. &amp; Kirkegaard, J. B. (Eds), Systematics, Biology and Morphology of World Polychaeta. Proceedings of the 2 nd International Polychaete Conference, Copenhagen, 1986. Ophelia Supplement, 5, 515 - 528." type="journal article" year="1991">Ben-Eliahu 1991b</bibRefCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F64E034FD7DFF14FCE6FF4E" box="[698,804,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 12C</figureCitation>
). Specimens from
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F64E034FC39FF14FB84FF4E" box="[1022,1094,152,178]" name="Oman" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Oman</collectingCountry>
showed some additional variation (present paper). It follows that in these populations there is more variability in the form of the marginal radii than given in their formal descriptions.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B17536F15F64E034FF01FE80FB1EFCD2" blockId="34.[151,1436,152,892]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
The “spur-tipped-anchor-shaped” form is shown in
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F64E034FCE7FE80FC48FEDA" box="[800,906,268,294]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
; ten
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F64E034FC06FE80FB99FEDA" author="Hove, H. A. ten" box="[961,1115,268,294]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="55 - 60" refId="ref101246" refString="Hove, H. A. ten (1970 a) Additional notes on the polychaetes of the Iranian Gulf (Annelida, Polychaeta Serpulidae). Steenstrupia, 1 (7), 55 - 60." type="journal article" year="1970">Hove (1970a</bibRefCitation>
, figs 1ac) illustrated some of the variability in the tip of the spur; the population was from the Persian Gulf. The single-anchor form (
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F64E034FAAFFEB8FF2EFE8A" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Figs 12D, E</figureCitation>
) reported from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf by
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F64E034FCD7FED0FBF0FE8A" author="Wesenberg-Lund, E." box="[784,1074,348,374]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="247 - 400" refId="ref109329" refString="Wesenberg-Lund, E. (1949) Polychaetes of the Iranian Gulf. Danish Scientific Investigations in Iran, 4, 247 - 400." type="journal article" year="1949">Wesenberg-Lund (1949)</bibRefCitation>
, has been found in the Gulf of
<collectingRegion id="730EF8135F64E034FF50FE08FF12FE62" box="[151,208,388,414]" country="Egypt" name="As Suways" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Suez</collectingRegion>
(present paper and
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F64E034FE71FE08FDB8FE62" author="Selim, S. A." box="[438,634,388,414]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="87 - 110" refId="ref107756" refString="Selim, S. A. (1997 b) Description and remarks on Suez Canal serpulids (Polychaeta). Journal of the Egyptian German Society of Zoology, 22 (D), 87 - 110." type="journal article" year="1997">Selim 1997b: 87</bibRefCitation>
, 9394, figs 6ae). It also characterizes both the
<collectingRegion id="730EF8135F64E034FB71FE08FB2DFE62" box="[1206,1263,388,414]" country="Egypt" name="As Suways" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Suez</collectingRegion>
Canal population (
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F64E034FF11FE20FEACFE3A" box="[214,366,428,454]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Figs 12A, D</figureCitation>
), and the Lessepsian migrant populations on the Levant coast of
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F64E034FBBAFE20FB01FE3A" box="[1149,1219,428,454]" name="Egypt" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Egypt</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F64E034FAC7FE20FA83FE3A" box="[1280,1345,428,454]" name="Israel" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Israel</collectingCountry>
(ca. 80 individuals) (
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F64E034FEF2FE58FE0FFE12" box="[309,461,468,494]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Figs 12D, E</figureCitation>
). That only one of several forms present in the Persian (Arabian) Gulf has been found in the Gulf of Suez, colonized the Suez Canal and the Mediterranean coast of
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F64E034FBB7FE70FB76FDEA" box="[1136,1204,508,534]" name="Israel" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Israel</collectingCountry>
, is an illustration of “a founder effect” (Mayr 1966,
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F64E034FDCBFDA8FD25FDC2" author="Ben-Eliahu, M. N." box="[524,743,548,574]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="515 - 528" refId="ref93874" refString="Ben-Eliahu, M. N. (1991 b) Red Sea serpulids (Polychaeta) in the eastern Mediterranean. In: Petersen, M. E. &amp; Kirkegaard, J. B. (Eds), Systematics, Biology and Morphology of World Polychaeta. Proceedings of the 2 nd International Polychaete Conference, Copenhagen, 1986. Ophelia Supplement, 5, 515 - 528." type="journal article" year="1991">Ben-Eliahu 1991b</bibRefCitation>
). Interestingly, the
<taxonomicName id="76CA4D725F64E034FC0FFDA8FBA9FDC1" authorityName="Pixell" authorityYear="1913" box="[968,1131,548,573]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Hydroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="homoceros">
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F64E034FC0FFDA8FBA9FDC1" box="[968,1131,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">H. homoceros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens removed from the aircraft carrier “Foch” in Toulon Port (
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F64E034FD4EFDC0FC94FD9A" author="Zibrowius, H." box="[649,854,588,614]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="133 - 134" refId="ref109858" refString="Zibrowius, H. (1979 b) Serpulidae (Annelida Polychaeta) de l'Ocean Indien arrives sur les coques de bateaux a Toulon (France, Mediterranee). Rapport et proces-verbaux des reunions, Commission internationale pour l'Exploration scientifique de la Mer Mediterranee, 25 - 26 (4), 133 - 134." type="journal article" year="1979">Zibrowius 1979b</bibRefCitation>
) belonged to the “double-anchor” Pixell
<typeStatus id="6E7188535F64E034FAFCFDC0FAAFFD9A" box="[1339,1389,588,614]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">type</typeStatus>
(H. Zibrowius, pers. comm.), thus, settlement on the “Foch” presumably occurred in the Indian Ocean or the Red Sea proper (
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F64E034FEE0FD10FDC7FD4A" author="Ben-Eliahu, M. N." box="[295,517,668,694]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="515 - 528" refId="ref93874" refString="Ben-Eliahu, M. N. (1991 b) Red Sea serpulids (Polychaeta) in the eastern Mediterranean. In: Petersen, M. E. &amp; Kirkegaard, J. B. (Eds), Systematics, Biology and Morphology of World Polychaeta. Proceedings of the 2 nd International Polychaete Conference, Copenhagen, 1986. Ophelia Supplement, 5, 515 - 528." type="journal article" year="1991">Ben-Eliahu 1991b</bibRefCitation>
). A single specimen recently collected from the Levant coast of
<collectingCountry id="C9DD76615F64E034FACFFD10FA9EFD4A" box="[1288,1372,668,694]" name="Turkey" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Turkey</collectingCountry>
(Iskenderun) by Çinar (2006, fig. 4de), belongs to the “spur-tipped-T-shaped” form (in
<figureCitation id="29F12A745F64E034FBBAFD48FACDFD22" box="[1149,1295,708,734]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-223@33.[181,1410,205,1525]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Variability in opercula of Hydroides homoceros from different regions. A—Operculum characterized by “single-anchor-shaped” (or T-shaped) marginal radii (see also “D”) from Great Bitter Lake population (sample SLC 117, see App. Table 2C), B—Specimen with “spur-tipped-T-shaped” marginal radii from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, leg. anon., sample sent to NBE for identification via the late T. Holthe, C—Specimen with “double-anchor” marginal radii from the Dahlak Archipelago (Israel South Red Sea Expedition sample ISRSE 65-TAU-MO-Malleidae 1814), D— Enlarged tip of marginal radius from Fig. A—5th radius from left—from Bitter Lake, Suez Canal—resembles that of specimens from Mediterranean population, E—Lessepsian migrant specimen from the coast of Israel (legit E. Gilat, Gilat sample 1821B, 10.XI.1969, Ashqelon, 22 m). Scale: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5287568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5287568/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Figs 12B, C</figureCitation>
, closer to B than to C). The distribution of the form (Persian (Arabian) Gulf, ten
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F64E034FC13FD60FBA5FCFA" author="Hove, H. A. ten" box="[980,1127,748,774]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="55 - 60" refId="ref101246" refString="Hove, H. A. ten (1970 a) Additional notes on the polychaetes of the Iranian Gulf (Annelida, Polychaeta Serpulidae). Steenstrupia, 1 (7), 55 - 60." type="journal article" year="1970">Hove 1970a</bibRefCitation>
, and
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, Çinar 2006) provides a convincing illustration of a disjunctive population founded through ship-transport.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B17536F15F64E034FF02FCB0FAC7FC80" blockId="34.[151,1436,152,892]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<taxonomicName id="76CA4D725F64E034FF02FCB0FE06FCA9" authorityName="Pixell" authorityYear="1913" box="[197,452,828,853]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Hydroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="homoceros">
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F64E034FF02FCB0FE06FCA9" box="[197,452,828,853]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Hydroides homoceros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a juvenile 2-tier opercular ontogenetic stage belonging to the
<emphasis id="83BEEAE35F64E034FB04FCB0FA99FCA9" box="[1219,1371,828,853]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
H. “
<taxonomicName id="76CA4D725F64E034FB36FCB0FA92FCA9" authorityName="Pillai" authorityYear="1971" box="[1265,1360,828,853]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Hydroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="priscus">priscus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="6E7188535F64E034FAA5FCB0FA55FCAA" box="[1378,1431,828,854]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">type</typeStatus>
, one of several species in which this stage has been found (ten
<bibRefCitation id="D55B4B005F64E034FCA9FCEEFB58FC80" author="Hove, H. A. ten &amp; Ben-Eliahu, M. N." box="[878,1178,866,892]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="127 - 145" refId="ref101636" refString="Hove, H. A. ten &amp; Ben-Eliahu, M. N. (2005) On the identity of Hydroides &quot; priscus &quot;, taxonomic confusion due to ontogeny in some Hydroides species (Annelida: Polychaeta: Serpulidae). Senckenbergiana Biologica, 85 (2), 127 - 145." type="journal article" year="2005">Hove &amp; Ben-Eliahu 2005</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 2a).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>