168 lines
26 KiB
XML
168 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document id="06C42271F5A032484CC427B3D99E3886" ENCODING="Cp1252" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2a850022-3fbc-4643-a17a-8f7bca314619" ModsDocID="20017" checkinTime="1252781348276" checkinUser="donat" docAuthor="Wilson, E. O." docDate="2003" docId="3949066D15720B198211C2628DCF0C72" docLanguage="en" docName="20017_p_and_more_group_gg1.xml" docOrigin="Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press" docSource="http://atbi.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/reference-full.html?id=20017" docTitle="Pheidole soritis Wheeler" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="599" masterDocId="73EDC9C5AB0725CB6B0DF69F187F7798" masterDocTitle="Pheidole in the New World. A dominant, hyperdiverse ant genus." pageNumber="598" updateTime="1701311082057" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="9FB5E3693A50D9C8E8C92975AD4C51A2">
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<mods:title id="CC3CA6E1271A2F3DB2928EB9AC608C7A">Pheidole in the New World. A dominant, hyperdiverse ant genus.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="655AA81E6936F00728A84B71B13514A9">Wilson, E. O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="D2B5AB725FE42188A42091ED544C0956">2003</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="56721F339880845D74B5A447106EED75">Harvard University Press</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="294890F99D3BCFB3665EFB3A2B596754">Cambridge, MA</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:identifier id="D17B3CCC766F6B784963FF68CDD70A68" type="HNS-Pub">20017</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="3949066D15720B198211C2628DCF0C72" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6274338" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100119660" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6274338" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3949066D15720B198211C2628DCF0C72" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3949066D15720B198211C2628DCF0C72" lastPageNumber="599" pageNumber="598">
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<subSubSection id="DA1FA09104509B0A489F00F65F94E89D" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="562A04F4DAFA7BCB86BDE30BA080980C" pageNumber="598">
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<taxonomicName id="E69B16C2E10BA3CE181F463168465A2F" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:142583" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole soritis Wheeler" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole soritis Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="soritis">Pheidole soritis Wheeler</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="40EFC0BF5D96041DECF68D07DFC8EADF" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="7E2815F06D76B44007F1A973984D5EF1" pageNumber="598">
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<taxonomicName id="85CE25A055A923C8347D62C25B3B96F9" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:142583" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole soritis Wheeler" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole soritis Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="soritis">Pheidole soritis Wheeler</taxonomicName>
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1908h: 439. Syn.:
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<taxonomicName id="75B123D45AA8027C0E49989D9B541923" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:34013" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole sitarches Wheeler" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole sitarches Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sitarches">Pheidole sitarches Wheeler</taxonomicName>
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1908h: 440,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="BF6CC71465C9D02B330D83F6F075633C">n. syn.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(see history of earlier synonymy and revival in Bolton 1995b: 330);
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<taxonomicName id="F4B5FCA601A14525B79B36C846E105D6" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:142584" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole sitarches var. transvarians Wheeler" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole sitarches var. transvarians Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="sitarches" variety="transvarians">Pheidole sitarches var. transvarians Wheeler</taxonomicName>
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1908h: 442, synonymy by Creighton 1950a: 189;
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<taxonomicName id="7B685424766C0451392BDBC8AB061999" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:151219" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole sitarches rufescens Wheeler" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole sitarches rufescens Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sitarches" subSpecies="rufescens">Pheidole sitarches subsp. rufescens Wheeler</taxonomicName>
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1908h: 443,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25BC37A0F7A47EC23F276EDDACDDFB0">n. syn.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(name takes precedence over
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<taxonomicName id="CFF5A447D29E79EF07FB27EC056A9E5A" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:232344" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole sitarches subsp. campestris Creighton" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole sitarches campestris Creighton" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="campestris">campestris Wheeler</taxonomicName>
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, see below and Bolton 1995b: 318, 329).;
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<taxonomicName id="C3850BA3329EE90F153F2F8562B20AAB" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:232344" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole sitarches subsp. campestris Creighton" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole sitarches campestris Creighton" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sitarches" subSpecies="campestris">Pheidole sitarches subsp. campestris</taxonomicName>
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Creighton 1950a: 189,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="2267DD4585B10B6C180D38C68AF6D05E">n. syn.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(first available name of
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<taxonomicName id="C9DF3B1548F6FFDB8EA9A728B85F08DB" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:241343" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole sitarches subsp. rufescens var. campestris" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole sitarches rufescens var. campestris Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="sitarches" subSpecies="rufescens" variety="campestris">Pheidole sitarches subsp. rufescens var. campestris Wheeler</taxonomicName>
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1908h: 443, a quadrinomial not available for use; see further nomenclatural details in Bolton 1995b: 318, 329). Raised to species level in this monograph:
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<taxonomicName id="9EC7321779F23EDCB135EA905ACFB25B" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:181972" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole cavigenis Wheeler" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole cavigenis Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cavigenis">cavigenis</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D3F3C5C78F1BAC2D84E11A35A748782D" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E064BACBD8567A07535957730BD65D25" pageNumber="598">Types Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard; Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9E39C215508C8EF81F77B96FB0FA192A" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="4B66E56429315F6AF043C2B371A03AEB" pageNumber="598">Etymology Unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="652D562598DD6BC30B27A1A0F28E5EB8" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="9760FFBFB5E3D4377675BCCBC2640B7C" pageNumber="598">
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diagnosis A member of the "
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<taxonomicName id="385E7E4165EBB32D5D2B4C3CAB1606DE" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33930" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole pilifera (Roger)" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole pilifera (Roger)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilifera">pilifera</taxonomicName>
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complex" of the larger
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<taxonomicName id="0AE05A71AB902F582CFA00919DEE3187" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33930" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole pilifera (Roger)" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole pilifera (Roger)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilifera">pilifera</taxonomicName>
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group, comprising
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<taxonomicName id="3E7EAC42DB0A766C8793F904E3143C86" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33642" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole calens Forel" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole calens Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calens">calens</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="E80384AD7ECD1174603889577593C8DF" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33643" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole californica Mayr" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole californica Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californica">californica</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="6A7BBFEDF53C43D5DE9190A5B4EAC23A" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33651" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole carrolli Naves" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole carrolli Naves" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carrolli">carrolli</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="8A092123105365EDDFC26210D51E05BA" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:181972" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole cavigenis Wheeler" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole cavigenis Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cavigenis">cavigenis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="2187D85640606C592ECC805CB64EA5EF" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33670" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole clementensis Gregg" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole clementensis Gregg" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clementensis">clementensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="B3E1D3E312B40CE1CD2AAD6B0CCA5CF7" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33691" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole creightoni Gregg" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole creightoni Gregg" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="creightoni">creightoni</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="52357E430D653206E4B50E9902B6FDBD" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:181973" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole hoplitica Wilson" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole hoplitica Wilson" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoplitica">hoplitica</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="8FBFC9413109AE333BD266FFBC2AF55C" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33833" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole littoralis Cole" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole littoralis Cole" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="littoralis">littoralis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="7C81A78CA97B5F9044D6A89E66D32DA9" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33868" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole micula Wheeler" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole micula Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micula">micula</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="DFB155B276A6358421C05D64BE24E1DC" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33930" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole pilifera (Roger)" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole pilifera (Roger)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilifera">pilifera</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="2AEA137E1648C8CA3526A9222CFC3663" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:181975" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole polymorpha Wilson" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole polymorpha Wilson" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polymorpha">polymorpha</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="DF282EB477CC773C1970E55AF5DEA4D5" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33980" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole rugulosa Gregg" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole rugulosa Gregg" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugulosa">rugulosa</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="5C7E803EC316342F175717F60AA28D09" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33998" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole senex Gregg" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole senex Gregg" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="senex">senex</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="5595BCACBB5C7E8874A3C5E97CB17C54" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:142583" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole soritis Wheeler" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole soritis Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="soritis">soritis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="5FF0392AC7052D613430E2A4AEC2FBE9" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:34049" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole tepicana Pergande" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole tepicana Pergande" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tepicana">tepicana</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="59F205CAE58604602035DD84B11CF759" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:181977" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole torosa Wilson" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole torosa Wilson" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="torosa">torosa</taxonomicName>
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, which complex is distinguished by the following traits. Major: dorsal head surface extensively sculptured; occipital lobe transversely rugulose (or, in
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<taxonomicName id="9FA97E3B1C4340AA37D50E10715A0C42" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33651" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole carrolli Naves" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole carrolli Naves" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carrolli">carrolli</taxonomicName>
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smooth, in
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<taxonomicName id="4759B1E7237C8F82D8EB002BA6B55415" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33833" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole littoralis Cole" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole littoralis Cole" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="littoralis">littoralis</taxonomicName>
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foveate, and in
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<taxonomicName id="DED644685C361F823F21611EA3D47909" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33868" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole micula Wheeler" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole micula Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micula">micula</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="6293A76E5829BD7D31488E8C771B272D" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:142583" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole soritis Wheeler" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole soritis Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="soritis">soritis</taxonomicName>
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carinulate); postpetiole from above diamond-shaped, trapezoidal, or spinose. Minor: eye medium-sized to large.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6782CF057CB42E0BF5F4084E02802AA5" type="description">
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<paragraph id="B0AEC13989D934ACE85E4627F3E7CC00" pageNumber="598">
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<taxonomicName id="A9A1A2290E32F9994687B267C7003BBA" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:142583" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole soritis Wheeler" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole soritis Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="soritis">P. soritis</taxonomicName>
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is distinguished within this complex by the following combination of traits.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7E8A1D7310F5BF3911A1CA6C39A31DE3" pageNumber="598">Major: extensive transverse carinulae of occiput curve laterally and forward, with many reaching the anterior border of the head capsule; almost entire dorsal surface of head, including clypeus, carinulate; rugulae lacking on head; humerus low and smoothly convex; postpetiole seen from above laterally angulate; small denticle present on anterior ventral surface of postpetiole in side view.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB264E0D7AF7183119BBA60EDBBD86E2" pageNumber="599">Minor: dorsal profile of promesonotum lined solely with evenly spaced pairs of clavate hairs; similar hairs occur on the waist; eye very large.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="196F857C07B00F248DB666E3A3B5FA66" pageNumber="599">
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The tangled infraspecific nomenclature of this species has been built mostly on variation in the sculpturing of the minor's head. From central Texas north and west, the posterior dorsal surface is foveolate and opaque (
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<taxonomicName id="A9119371C74CF10BA8705072B0593D74" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:151179" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole pilifera subsp. rufescens" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole arnoldi rufescens Arnold" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pilifera" subSpecies="rufescens">subsp. rufescens</taxonomicName>
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=
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<taxonomicName id="389D6ECA7AB8AB3E54488A47A1550C99" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:232344" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole pilifera subsp. campestris" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole sitarches campestris Creighton" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pilifera" subSpecies="campestris">subsp. campestris</taxonomicName>
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). To the south, into Mexico, it is smooth and shiny, as illustrated here (
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<taxonomicName id="C98660F952B4EE14DDD1CCE82F200746" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:34013" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole pilifera subsp. sitarches" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole sitarches Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pilifera" subSpecies="sitarches">subsp. sitarches</taxonomicName>
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). Westward to Arizona and Utah it is carinulate (typical
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<taxonomicName id="97DF14CBDAEC85300EDA7AAFEB7E6148" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:142583" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole soritis Wheeler" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole soritis Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="soritis">soritis</taxonomicName>
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). Whether this variation is truly geographic within a single species or reflects the existence of sibling species around
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<taxonomicName id="BEDC29961A1596704AACE58D53782B6B" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:34013" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole sitarches Wheeler" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole sitarches Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sitarches">sitarches</taxonomicName>
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sensu str., is a question that awaits closer field and museum research.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="431B2BC8300AB87C8496C2AA9BE1443F" pageNumber="599">
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Measurements (mm) Lectotype
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<taxonomicName id="7BAE13E1FAF111FF29BD0CEDE15941FC" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:142583" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole soritis Wheeler" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole soritis Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="soritis">soritis major</taxonomicName>
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: HW 1.16, HL 1.22, SL 0.60, EL 0.20, PW 0.52.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="12E8ACC58C63F27E5723D766A4D7E691" pageNumber="599">
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Syntype
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<taxonomicName id="17F18281779795D9F507D09FBDB8EED3" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:34013" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole sitarches Wheeler" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole sitarches Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sitarches">sitarches minor</taxonomicName>
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(no type
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<taxonomicName id="DA1C3A65418F036C907477CE2A504DD2" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:142583" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole soritis Wheeler" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole soritis Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="soritis">soritis</taxonomicName>
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minors available): HW 0.46, HL 0.50, SL 0.48, EL 0.12, PW 0.30.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8702758D7C5139D50C2444EB67FF2550" pageNumber="599">Color Major: head and appendages light reddish brown, body a slightly contrasting medium reddish brown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C45F9ECA561A185E819B44AD3BCA0C5E" pageNumber="599">Minor: body plain light brown, appendages brownish yellow.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BEB844ECA59BB70AEB93E969147A751C" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="65BFE279BC391E4A729B11D36F3D429C" pageNumber="599">Range Mississippi west to Colorado, Texas, Arizona, and northern Mexico.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CF7C33BA87518F50750E86A7E7CCDFE9" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="FB3F7C3BC97ECE0AA33A7034DD13693A" pageNumber="599">
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Biology In eastern Colorado, Gregg (1963) found
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<taxonomicName id="6D515CA574E51DC2C8DC84C7D361B836" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:142583" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole soritis Wheeler" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole soritis Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="soritis">P. soritis</taxonomicName>
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under rocks in the clay soil of cottonwood-willow woodland and shortgrass prairie, from 1000 to 1300 m. I encountered it near Datil, New Mexico, in open juniper woodland (Wilson 1957c). A nuptial flight was observed in progress following rainfall on 9 August in an abandoned homesite clearing. The swarms of flying ants, which held resolutely to the clearings, consisted mostly of males. The aggregations were roughly circular in shape and hovered from about half a meter to nearly 2 meters above the surface, depending on wind conditions. Winged queens flew into the swarms and were quickly seized by a male, whereupon the pair spiraled to the ground together. After insemination, the queens shed their wings and ran off over the ground, evidently in search of a nest site.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5C6C1A006F85E15B1CD4F108FD166475" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="69F077554A8C103F30223B2492DE090F">
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Figure Upper: syntype major of synonymous
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<taxonomicName id="1DEB82BEB5ABF0E2D52AA1F2E465605B" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:34013" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole sitarches Wheeler" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole sitarches Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sitarches">sitarches</taxonomicName>
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. Lower: syntype minor of synonymous
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<taxonomicName id="9FD4F6CBB775C9F19834B8F04A9606CF" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:34013" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole sitarches Wheeler" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole sitarches Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sitarches">sitarches</taxonomicName>
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. NEW MEXICO: Albuquerque. Scale bars = 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |