215 lines
51 KiB
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215 lines
51 KiB
XML
<document id="01BC657912B656AEBF593A58B6FE1BF0" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad079" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11240054" ID-ZooBank="88445152-50C8-42E7-A552-CC368E75C2F8" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1716361374883" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Križanová, Františka Rataj & Vďačný, Peter" docDate="2024" docId="391B87D6FFD9FFE8FF00FE43E209FB7D" docLanguage="en" docName="zlad079.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad079" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C.5:ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Heterolepidoderma macrops Kisielewski 1981" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="312" masterDocId="C522FFAEFFC4FFF5FFC9FFC0E77BFF96" masterDocTitle="A Heterolepidoderma and Halichaetoderma gen. nov. (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotidae) riddle: integrative taxonomy and phylogeny of six new freshwater species from Central Europe" masterLastPageNumber="335" masterPageNumber="283" pageNumber="312" updateTime="1716361908893" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="5846379B4CCEBE5312528250AF0CE5F3">A Heterolepidoderma and Halichaetoderma gen. nov. (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotidae) riddle: integrative taxonomy and phylogeny of six new freshwater species from Central Europe</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="837F2491128FE7DBD6DAE0144C865FA3">Križanová, Františka Rataj</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="533F6EB5E46E8D6380AC4E291BCC0BD1">Vďačný, Peter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="683297D8CC6B2C5B2468F3474AFFE2C4" type="email">peter.vdacny@uniba.sk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="A1C487E5E59A0DC91B39A2EFFEC929C7">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="114BA4F7B42AF4177073220152728995">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8B17A178EDBA90B3298AA8544481C2CE">2023-09-05</mods:number>
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<treatment id="391B87D6FFD9FFE8FF00FE43E209FB7D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:391B87D6FFD9FFE8FF00FE43E209FB7D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/391B87D6FFD9FFE8FF00FE43E209FB7D" lastPageNumber="312" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">
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<subSubSection id="F9A8654BFFD9FFE8FF00FE43E5D8FE0B" box="[201,675,387,414]" pageId="29" pageNumber="312" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B10D36C0FFD9FFE8FF00FE43E5D8FE0B" blockId="29.[201,675,387,414]" box="[201,675,387,414]" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">
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<heading id="EA4581ACFFD9FFE8FF00FE43E5D8FE0B" bold="true" box="[201,675,387,414]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="312" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="76B24D43FFD9FFE8FF00FE43E5D8FE0B" ID-CoL="6M4SD" authority="Kisielewski, 1981" authorityName="Kisielewski" authorityYear="1981" box="[201,675,387,414]" family="Chaetonotidae" genus="Heterolepidoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chaetonotida" pageId="29" pageNumber="312" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="macrops">
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<emphasis id="83C6EAD2FFD9FFE8FF00FE43E5D8FE0B" bold="true" box="[201,675,387,414]" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">
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<emphasis id="83C6EAD2FFD9FFE8FF00FE43E69FFE08" bold="true" box="[201,484,387,414]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Heterolepidoderma macrops</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="D5234B31FFD9FFE8FE20FE43E5D8FE0B" author="Kisielewski J" box="[489,675,387,413]" pageId="29" pageNumber="312" pagination="1 - 143" refId="ref32156" refString="Kisielewski J. Gastrotricha from raised and transitional peat bogs in Poland. Monografie Fauny Polski 1981; 11: 1 - 143." type="journal article" year="1981">Kisielewski, 1981</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F9A8654BFFD9FFE8FF4AFE02E209FB7D" pageId="29" pageNumber="312" type="description">
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<paragraph id="B10D36C0FFD9FFE8FF4AFE02E592FE4A" blockId="29.[131,745,450,476]" box="[131,745,450,476]" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">
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<emphasis id="83C6EAD2FFD9FFE8FF4AFE02E592FE4A" bold="true" box="[131,745,450,476]" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">
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(
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<figureCitation id="29892A45FFD9FFE8FF47FE02E676FE4A" box="[142,269,450,476]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="30.[129,193,1814,1838]" captionTargetBox="[131,1472,145,1785]" captionTargetId="figure-8@30.[129,1473,144,1786]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 19. Heterolepidoderma macrops. A, dorsal overview showing the keel pattern. The body is about 120 µm long and has a slender tenpinshaped silhouette, with a clearly defined head region, a narrowing neck, and a bulbous trunk.The furcal indentation is narrowly helmet-like in shape.The furca branches bear well-developed adhesive tubes.B, head dorsal scales are keeled and oblong.C, mouth and under-mouth region.D, sensory bristle arises from a bulbous papilla. E, trunk dorsal scales are keeled and oblong.F, upper-furcal scales are keeled, oblong, and roughly hexagonal with all edges rounded.G, furca appendage ventral scales are keeled and oblong with a truncated posterior end.H, furca base dorsal scales are relatively large and oval.ceph, cephalion; ct, cuticular teeth; hs, hypostomium; rr, rod-like reinforcements.Scale bar = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240092/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Figs 19A–H</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="29892A45FFD9FFE8FEDEFE02E624FE4A" box="[279,351,450,476]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="31.[113,178,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-7@31.[114,1458,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 20. Heterolepidoderma macrops. A, lateral overview showing the internal morphology.The pharynx extends from c. U3 to U27, is 35 μm long and 5.9–8.6 μm wide, and smoothly continues through the pharyngeal-intestinal junction to the differentiated anterior section (U28–U31) of the intestine, which extends from U32 to U85. B, detail of the head region showing the cephalion with a free posterior edge. The mouth ring is oval, approximately 6.9 μm in the largest diameter, and located ventroterminally at U1–U4. C, sensory bristle arises from a bulbous papilla.D, trunk dorsal scales are keeled and narrowly oblong. E, ventrolateral view of the anterior body region.Note the mouth ring and the hypopleurae. F, dorsolateral view of the posterior body region.Arrowhead denotes the relatively large and oval scale at the transition between the furca base and the furca appendages.at, adhesive tube; ceph, cephalion; hyp, hypopleura; m, mouth; s, sensory bristles; sc, sensory cilia.Scale bars = 5 µm (C, D), 10 µm (B), 15 µm (E, F), 25 µm (A)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240094/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">20A–F</figureCitation>
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; Supporting Information, Table S12)
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B10D36C0FFD9FFE8FFB8FDC3E63EFD40" blockId="29.[113,763,515,727]" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">
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<emphasis id="83C6EAD2FFD9FFE8FFB8FDC3E64AFD8D" box="[113,305,515,539]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Material examined:</emphasis>
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Adult (hologenophore, CU-FNS-22-06-20), Kuchajda Lake, municipal recreation area, Nové Mesto, Bratislava, Podunajská rovina plain,
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<collectingCountry id="C9A57650FFD9FFE8FDCAFD81E521FDCF" box="[515,602,577,601]" name="Slovakia" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Slovakia</collectingCountry>
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, 4810ʹ15.7ʹʹN, 1708ʹ30.6ʹʹE. The voucher specimen is shown in
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<figureCitation id="29892A45FFD9FFE8FDA2FDA1E581FDEF" box="[619,762,609,633]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="31.[113,178,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-7@31.[114,1458,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 20. Heterolepidoderma macrops. A, lateral overview showing the internal morphology.The pharynx extends from c. U3 to U27, is 35 μm long and 5.9–8.6 μm wide, and smoothly continues through the pharyngeal-intestinal junction to the differentiated anterior section (U28–U31) of the intestine, which extends from U32 to U85. B, detail of the head region showing the cephalion with a free posterior edge. The mouth ring is oval, approximately 6.9 μm in the largest diameter, and located ventroterminally at U1–U4. C, sensory bristle arises from a bulbous papilla.D, trunk dorsal scales are keeled and narrowly oblong. E, ventrolateral view of the anterior body region.Note the mouth ring and the hypopleurae. F, dorsolateral view of the posterior body region.Arrowhead denotes the relatively large and oval scale at the transition between the furca base and the furca appendages.at, adhesive tube; ceph, cephalion; hyp, hypopleura; m, mouth; s, sensory bristles; sc, sensory cilia.Scale bars = 5 µm (C, D), 10 µm (B), 15 µm (E, F), 25 µm (A)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240094/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Figure 20A–F</figureCitation>
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and its photomicrographs are available at the Department of Zoology, Comenius University in Bratislava at https://fns.uniba. sk/en/gastrotricha/.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B10D36C0FFD9FFE8FFB8FD2CE5D7FC68" blockId="29.[113,762,747,1022]" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">
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||
<emphasis id="83C6EAD2FFD9FFE8FFB8FD2CE6ADFC95" box="[113,470,747,771]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Description of a Slovak population:</emphasis>
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Habitus.
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<taxonomicName id="76B24D43FFD9FFE8FD89FD2BE7B9FCB4" authorityName="Kisielewski" authorityYear="1981" family="Chaetonotidae" genus="Heterolepidoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chaetonotida" pageId="29" pageNumber="312" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="macrops">
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<emphasis id="83C6EAD2FFD9FFE8FD89FD2BE7B9FCB4" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Heterolepidoderma macrops</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is about 120 µm long and has a slender tenpin-shaped body, with a clearly defined head region, a narrowing neck, and a bulbous trunk (
|
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<figureCitation id="29892A45FFD9FFE8FEECFC89E607FCF7" box="[293,380,841,865]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="30.[129,193,1814,1838]" captionTargetBox="[131,1472,145,1785]" captionTargetId="figure-8@30.[129,1473,144,1786]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 19. Heterolepidoderma macrops. A, dorsal overview showing the keel pattern. The body is about 120 µm long and has a slender tenpinshaped silhouette, with a clearly defined head region, a narrowing neck, and a bulbous trunk.The furcal indentation is narrowly helmet-like in shape.The furca branches bear well-developed adhesive tubes.B, head dorsal scales are keeled and oblong.C, mouth and under-mouth region.D, sensory bristle arises from a bulbous papilla. E, trunk dorsal scales are keeled and oblong.F, upper-furcal scales are keeled, oblong, and roughly hexagonal with all edges rounded.G, furca appendage ventral scales are keeled and oblong with a truncated posterior end.H, furca base dorsal scales are relatively large and oval.ceph, cephalion; ct, cuticular teeth; hs, hypostomium; rr, rod-like reinforcements.Scale bar = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240092/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Fig. 19A</figureCitation>
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). The body width is 17.9 µm at U10, 15.5 µm at U25, and 21.5 µm at U62. Dorsal sensory bristles arise from a bulbous papilla in three pairs at U3, U23, and U80 (
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<figureCitation id="29892A45FFD9FFE8FD19FC48E7C0FC29" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="30.[129,193,1814,1838]" captionTargetBox="[131,1472,145,1785]" captionTargetId="figure-8@30.[129,1473,144,1786]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 19. Heterolepidoderma macrops. A, dorsal overview showing the keel pattern. The body is about 120 µm long and has a slender tenpinshaped silhouette, with a clearly defined head region, a narrowing neck, and a bulbous trunk.The furcal indentation is narrowly helmet-like in shape.The furca branches bear well-developed adhesive tubes.B, head dorsal scales are keeled and oblong.C, mouth and under-mouth region.D, sensory bristle arises from a bulbous papilla. E, trunk dorsal scales are keeled and oblong.F, upper-furcal scales are keeled, oblong, and roughly hexagonal with all edges rounded.G, furca appendage ventral scales are keeled and oblong with a truncated posterior end.H, furca base dorsal scales are relatively large and oval.ceph, cephalion; ct, cuticular teeth; hs, hypostomium; rr, rod-like reinforcements.Scale bar = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240092/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Figs 19A, D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="29892A45FFD9FFE8FF0EFC67E788FC29" box="[199,243,935,959]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="31.[113,178,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-7@31.[114,1458,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 20. Heterolepidoderma macrops. A, lateral overview showing the internal morphology.The pharynx extends from c. U3 to U27, is 35 μm long and 5.9–8.6 μm wide, and smoothly continues through the pharyngeal-intestinal junction to the differentiated anterior section (U28–U31) of the intestine, which extends from U32 to U85. B, detail of the head region showing the cephalion with a free posterior edge. The mouth ring is oval, approximately 6.9 μm in the largest diameter, and located ventroterminally at U1–U4. C, sensory bristle arises from a bulbous papilla.D, trunk dorsal scales are keeled and narrowly oblong. E, ventrolateral view of the anterior body region.Note the mouth ring and the hypopleurae. F, dorsolateral view of the posterior body region.Arrowhead denotes the relatively large and oval scale at the transition between the furca base and the furca appendages.at, adhesive tube; ceph, cephalion; hyp, hypopleura; m, mouth; s, sensory bristles; sc, sensory cilia.Scale bars = 5 µm (C, D), 10 µm (B), 15 µm (E, F), 25 µm (A)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240094/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">20C</figureCitation>
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). The furcal indentation is narrowly helmet-like in shape. The furca branches are set apart and bear well-developed adhesive tubes, which are 10.7 µm long (
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<figureCitation id="29892A45FFD9FFE8FDC7FC26E513FC68" box="[526,616,998,1022]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="30.[129,193,1814,1838]" captionTargetBox="[131,1472,145,1785]" captionTargetId="figure-8@30.[129,1473,144,1786]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 19. Heterolepidoderma macrops. A, dorsal overview showing the keel pattern. The body is about 120 µm long and has a slender tenpinshaped silhouette, with a clearly defined head region, a narrowing neck, and a bulbous trunk.The furcal indentation is narrowly helmet-like in shape.The furca branches bear well-developed adhesive tubes.B, head dorsal scales are keeled and oblong.C, mouth and under-mouth region.D, sensory bristle arises from a bulbous papilla. E, trunk dorsal scales are keeled and oblong.F, upper-furcal scales are keeled, oblong, and roughly hexagonal with all edges rounded.G, furca appendage ventral scales are keeled and oblong with a truncated posterior end.H, furca base dorsal scales are relatively large and oval.ceph, cephalion; ct, cuticular teeth; hs, hypostomium; rr, rod-like reinforcements.Scale bar = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240092/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Figs 19A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="29892A45FFD9FFE8FDBDFC26E5E0FC68" box="[628,667,998,1022]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="31.[113,178,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-7@31.[114,1458,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 20. Heterolepidoderma macrops. A, lateral overview showing the internal morphology.The pharynx extends from c. U3 to U27, is 35 μm long and 5.9–8.6 μm wide, and smoothly continues through the pharyngeal-intestinal junction to the differentiated anterior section (U28–U31) of the intestine, which extends from U32 to U85. B, detail of the head region showing the cephalion with a free posterior edge. The mouth ring is oval, approximately 6.9 μm in the largest diameter, and located ventroterminally at U1–U4. C, sensory bristle arises from a bulbous papilla.D, trunk dorsal scales are keeled and narrowly oblong. E, ventrolateral view of the anterior body region.Note the mouth ring and the hypopleurae. F, dorsolateral view of the posterior body region.Arrowhead denotes the relatively large and oval scale at the transition between the furca base and the furca appendages.at, adhesive tube; ceph, cephalion; hyp, hypopleura; m, mouth; s, sensory bristles; sc, sensory cilia.Scale bars = 5 µm (C, D), 10 µm (B), 15 µm (E, F), 25 µm (A)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240094/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">20F</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B10D36C0FFD9FFE8FFB8FBDBE7DFFBA5" blockId="29.[113,763,1051,1519]" box="[113,164,1051,1075]" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Head</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B10D36C0FFD9FFE8FFB8FBFFE52FFA79" blockId="29.[113,763,1051,1519]" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">
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The head is slightly five-lobed.The cephalion is well developed with a free posterior (dorsal) edge (
|
||
<figureCitation id="29892A45FFD9FFE8FE65FB9FE564FBE0" box="[428,543,1119,1143]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="31.[113,178,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-7@31.[114,1458,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 20. Heterolepidoderma macrops. A, lateral overview showing the internal morphology.The pharynx extends from c. U3 to U27, is 35 μm long and 5.9–8.6 μm wide, and smoothly continues through the pharyngeal-intestinal junction to the differentiated anterior section (U28–U31) of the intestine, which extends from U32 to U85. B, detail of the head region showing the cephalion with a free posterior edge. The mouth ring is oval, approximately 6.9 μm in the largest diameter, and located ventroterminally at U1–U4. C, sensory bristle arises from a bulbous papilla.D, trunk dorsal scales are keeled and narrowly oblong. E, ventrolateral view of the anterior body region.Note the mouth ring and the hypopleurae. F, dorsolateral view of the posterior body region.Arrowhead denotes the relatively large and oval scale at the transition between the furca base and the furca appendages.at, adhesive tube; ceph, cephalion; hyp, hypopleura; m, mouth; s, sensory bristles; sc, sensory cilia.Scale bars = 5 µm (C, D), 10 µm (B), 15 µm (E, F), 25 µm (A)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240094/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Fig. 20A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The epipleurae and hypopleurae are only indistinctly marked in the head outline. Two pairs of cephalic ciliary tufts emerge laterally between the cephalion and the epipleurae edge (
|
||
<emphasis id="83C6EAD2FFD9FFE8FEBDFB7DE6F9FB42" box="[372,386,1213,1236]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">c.</emphasis>
|
||
U4), as well as between the
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E098862FFD9FFE8FD61FB7DE5B5FB43" box="[680,718,1213,1237]" pageId="29" pageNumber="312" type="epitype">epi-</typeStatus>
|
||
and the hypopleurae edge (
|
||
<emphasis id="83C6EAD2FFD9FFE8FE9BFB1DE61AFB62" box="[338,353,1245,1268]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">c.</emphasis>
|
||
U7) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="29892A45FFD9FFE8FE54FB1CE68FFB62" box="[413,500,1244,1268]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="30.[129,193,1814,1838]" captionTargetBox="[131,1472,145,1785]" captionTargetId="figure-8@30.[129,1473,144,1786]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 19. Heterolepidoderma macrops. A, dorsal overview showing the keel pattern. The body is about 120 µm long and has a slender tenpinshaped silhouette, with a clearly defined head region, a narrowing neck, and a bulbous trunk.The furcal indentation is narrowly helmet-like in shape.The furca branches bear well-developed adhesive tubes.B, head dorsal scales are keeled and oblong.C, mouth and under-mouth region.D, sensory bristle arises from a bulbous papilla. E, trunk dorsal scales are keeled and oblong.F, upper-furcal scales are keeled, oblong, and roughly hexagonal with all edges rounded.G, furca appendage ventral scales are keeled and oblong with a truncated posterior end.H, furca base dorsal scales are relatively large and oval.ceph, cephalion; ct, cuticular teeth; hs, hypostomium; rr, rod-like reinforcements.Scale bar = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240092/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Figs 19A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="29892A45FFD9FFE8FE34FB1CE55EFB62" box="[509,549,1244,1268]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="31.[113,178,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-7@31.[114,1458,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 20. Heterolepidoderma macrops. A, lateral overview showing the internal morphology.The pharynx extends from c. U3 to U27, is 35 μm long and 5.9–8.6 μm wide, and smoothly continues through the pharyngeal-intestinal junction to the differentiated anterior section (U28–U31) of the intestine, which extends from U32 to U85. B, detail of the head region showing the cephalion with a free posterior edge. The mouth ring is oval, approximately 6.9 μm in the largest diameter, and located ventroterminally at U1–U4. C, sensory bristle arises from a bulbous papilla.D, trunk dorsal scales are keeled and narrowly oblong. E, ventrolateral view of the anterior body region.Note the mouth ring and the hypopleurae. F, dorsolateral view of the posterior body region.Arrowhead denotes the relatively large and oval scale at the transition between the furca base and the furca appendages.at, adhesive tube; ceph, cephalion; hyp, hypopleura; m, mouth; s, sensory bristles; sc, sensory cilia.Scale bars = 5 µm (C, D), 10 µm (B), 15 µm (E, F), 25 µm (A)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240094/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">20E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ocellar granules are situated between the
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E098862FFD9FFE8FE89FB3BE61DFA85" box="[320,358,1275,1299]" pageId="29" pageNumber="312" type="epitype">epi-</typeStatus>
|
||
and the hypopleurae edge at U7 and they are about 1.2 µm across. The mouth ring is oval, approximately 6.9 μm in the largest diameter, and located ventroterminally at U1– U4. There are strong but short, rod-like reinforcements lining the walls of the mouth ring. Two cuticular teeth are clearly visible and placed right and left of the centre of the mouth opening (
|
||
<figureCitation id="29892A45FFD9FFE8FD54FA58E58EFA26" box="[669,757,1432,1456]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="30.[129,193,1814,1838]" captionTargetBox="[131,1472,145,1785]" captionTargetId="figure-8@30.[129,1473,144,1786]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 19. Heterolepidoderma macrops. A, dorsal overview showing the keel pattern. The body is about 120 µm long and has a slender tenpinshaped silhouette, with a clearly defined head region, a narrowing neck, and a bulbous trunk.The furcal indentation is narrowly helmet-like in shape.The furca branches bear well-developed adhesive tubes.B, head dorsal scales are keeled and oblong.C, mouth and under-mouth region.D, sensory bristle arises from a bulbous papilla. E, trunk dorsal scales are keeled and oblong.F, upper-furcal scales are keeled, oblong, and roughly hexagonal with all edges rounded.G, furca appendage ventral scales are keeled and oblong with a truncated posterior end.H, furca base dorsal scales are relatively large and oval.ceph, cephalion; ct, cuticular teeth; hs, hypostomium; rr, rod-like reinforcements.Scale bar = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240092/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Figs 19C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="29892A45FFD9FFE8FFB8FA77E7E2FA59" box="[113,153,1463,1487]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="31.[113,178,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-7@31.[114,1458,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 20. Heterolepidoderma macrops. A, lateral overview showing the internal morphology.The pharynx extends from c. U3 to U27, is 35 μm long and 5.9–8.6 μm wide, and smoothly continues through the pharyngeal-intestinal junction to the differentiated anterior section (U28–U31) of the intestine, which extends from U32 to U85. B, detail of the head region showing the cephalion with a free posterior edge. The mouth ring is oval, approximately 6.9 μm in the largest diameter, and located ventroterminally at U1–U4. C, sensory bristle arises from a bulbous papilla.D, trunk dorsal scales are keeled and narrowly oblong. E, ventrolateral view of the anterior body region.Note the mouth ring and the hypopleurae. F, dorsolateral view of the posterior body region.Arrowhead denotes the relatively large and oval scale at the transition between the furca base and the furca appendages.at, adhesive tube; ceph, cephalion; hyp, hypopleura; m, mouth; s, sensory bristles; sc, sensory cilia.Scale bars = 5 µm (C, D), 10 µm (B), 15 µm (E, F), 25 µm (A)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240094/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">20E</figureCitation>
|
||
). The hypostomium (
|
||
<emphasis id="83C6EAD2FFD9FFE8FEB9FA78E604FA59" box="[368,383,1464,1487]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">c.</emphasis>
|
||
U4–U7) carries a very broadly tongue-shaped plate with a reinforcement bar (
|
||
<figureCitation id="29892A45FFD9FFE8FE39FA16E53FFA79" box="[496,580,1494,1519]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="30.[129,193,1814,1838]" captionTargetBox="[131,1472,145,1785]" captionTargetId="figure-8@30.[129,1473,144,1786]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 19. Heterolepidoderma macrops. A, dorsal overview showing the keel pattern. The body is about 120 µm long and has a slender tenpinshaped silhouette, with a clearly defined head region, a narrowing neck, and a bulbous trunk.The furcal indentation is narrowly helmet-like in shape.The furca branches bear well-developed adhesive tubes.B, head dorsal scales are keeled and oblong.C, mouth and under-mouth region.D, sensory bristle arises from a bulbous papilla. E, trunk dorsal scales are keeled and oblong.F, upper-furcal scales are keeled, oblong, and roughly hexagonal with all edges rounded.G, furca appendage ventral scales are keeled and oblong with a truncated posterior end.H, furca base dorsal scales are relatively large and oval.ceph, cephalion; ct, cuticular teeth; hs, hypostomium; rr, rod-like reinforcements.Scale bar = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240092/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Fig. 19C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B10D36C0FFD9FFE8FFB8F9CBE64CF9B5" blockId="29.[113,311,1547,1571]" box="[113,311,1547,1571]" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Internal morphology</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B10D36C0FFD9FFE8FFB8F9F0E6A0F8D5" blockId="29.[113,763,1584,1859]" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">
|
||
The pharynx extends from
|
||
<emphasis id="83C6EAD2FFD9FFE8FE4DF9F1E6EFF9DE" box="[388,404,1585,1608]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">c.</emphasis>
|
||
U3 to U27, is 35 μm long and 5.9– 8.6 μm wide. It has two weakly marked anterior and posterior dilatations. The posterior dilatations are wider than the anterior ones. The pharynx smoothly continues through the pharyngealintestinal junction to the differentiated anterior section (U28– U31) of the intestine, which extends from U32 to U85 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="29892A45FFD9FFE8FD1DF90DE7E7F892" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="31.[113,178,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-7@31.[114,1458,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 20. Heterolepidoderma macrops. A, lateral overview showing the internal morphology.The pharynx extends from c. U3 to U27, is 35 μm long and 5.9–8.6 μm wide, and smoothly continues through the pharyngeal-intestinal junction to the differentiated anterior section (U28–U31) of the intestine, which extends from U32 to U85. B, detail of the head region showing the cephalion with a free posterior edge. The mouth ring is oval, approximately 6.9 μm in the largest diameter, and located ventroterminally at U1–U4. C, sensory bristle arises from a bulbous papilla.D, trunk dorsal scales are keeled and narrowly oblong. E, ventrolateral view of the anterior body region.Note the mouth ring and the hypopleurae. F, dorsolateral view of the posterior body region.Arrowhead denotes the relatively large and oval scale at the transition between the furca base and the furca appendages.at, adhesive tube; ceph, cephalion; hyp, hypopleura; m, mouth; s, sensory bristles; sc, sensory cilia.Scale bars = 5 µm (C, D), 10 µm (B), 15 µm (E, F), 25 µm (A)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240094/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Fig. 20A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Paired adhesive glands (
|
||
<emphasis id="83C6EAD2FFD9FFE8FE78F92DE6BBF892" box="[433,448,1773,1796]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">c.</emphasis>
|
||
U85–U90) are placed slightly laterally, right behind the terminal part of the intestine, forming a short dichotomy at the furca base.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B10D36C0FFD9FFE8FFB8F8A4E7D0F8EA" blockId="29.[113,171,1892,1916]" box="[113,171,1892,1916]" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Scales</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B10D36C0FFD9FFE8FFB8F849E361FCCF" blockId="29.[113,763,1929,1984]" lastBlockId="29.[810,1460,144,857]" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">
|
||
Almost the entire body is covered by overlapping scales that adhere to the basal cuticle layer along most or all of their perimeter. All scales are keeled. Scales are distributed in 24 longitudinal dorsal alternating columns, with usually 31 scales in the central column. Their size slightly increases in a posterior direction. Central dorsal longitudinal rows of scales begin at the level of the posterior edge of the cephalion (
|
||
<emphasis id="83C6EAD2FFD9FFE8FB65FECEE3C0FEB3" box="[1196,1211,270,293]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">c.</emphasis>
|
||
U3), while dorsolateral and lateral rows start at
|
||
<emphasis id="83C6EAD2FFD9FFE8FBE1FEEDE34CFED2" box="[1064,1079,301,324]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">c.</emphasis>
|
||
U5–U9 at the posterior edge of the epipleurae/hypopleurae. They run almost along the whole body length (till U88), forming a characteristic suture-like pattern in the dorsal trunk region (
|
||
<figureCitation id="29892A45FFD9FFE8FBECFE4BE304FE35" box="[1061,1151,395,419]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="30.[129,193,1814,1838]" captionTargetBox="[131,1472,145,1785]" captionTargetId="figure-8@30.[129,1473,144,1786]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 19. Heterolepidoderma macrops. A, dorsal overview showing the keel pattern. The body is about 120 µm long and has a slender tenpinshaped silhouette, with a clearly defined head region, a narrowing neck, and a bulbous trunk.The furcal indentation is narrowly helmet-like in shape.The furca branches bear well-developed adhesive tubes.B, head dorsal scales are keeled and oblong.C, mouth and under-mouth region.D, sensory bristle arises from a bulbous papilla. E, trunk dorsal scales are keeled and oblong.F, upper-furcal scales are keeled, oblong, and roughly hexagonal with all edges rounded.G, furca appendage ventral scales are keeled and oblong with a truncated posterior end.H, furca base dorsal scales are relatively large and oval.ceph, cephalion; ct, cuticular teeth; hs, hypostomium; rr, rod-like reinforcements.Scale bar = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240092/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Figs 19A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="29892A45FFD9FFE8FB45FE4BE390FE34" box="[1164,1259,395,419]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="31.[113,178,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-7@31.[114,1458,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 20. Heterolepidoderma macrops. A, lateral overview showing the internal morphology.The pharynx extends from c. U3 to U27, is 35 μm long and 5.9–8.6 μm wide, and smoothly continues through the pharyngeal-intestinal junction to the differentiated anterior section (U28–U31) of the intestine, which extends from U32 to U85. B, detail of the head region showing the cephalion with a free posterior edge. The mouth ring is oval, approximately 6.9 μm in the largest diameter, and located ventroterminally at U1–U4. C, sensory bristle arises from a bulbous papilla.D, trunk dorsal scales are keeled and narrowly oblong. E, ventrolateral view of the anterior body region.Note the mouth ring and the hypopleurae. F, dorsolateral view of the posterior body region.Arrowhead denotes the relatively large and oval scale at the transition between the furca base and the furca appendages.at, adhesive tube; ceph, cephalion; hyp, hypopleura; m, mouth; s, sensory bristles; sc, sensory cilia.Scale bars = 5 µm (C, D), 10 µm (B), 15 µm (E, F), 25 µm (A)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240094/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">20A, E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Three main
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E098862FFD9FFE8FAB5FE4BE2C8FE35" box="[1404,1459,395,419]" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of dorsal body scales were recognized. (i) Head, neck, and trunk scales represent the most abundant
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E098862FFD9FFE8FB5AFE0AE3B8FE74" box="[1171,1219,458,482]" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">type</typeStatus>
|
||
. They are very narrowly oblong and slightly increase in size in a posterior direction (head 3.9–4.6 × 1.2–1.3 µm, neck 4.1–4.2 × 1.0–1.3 µm, trunk 4.4– 5.0 × 1.2–1.4 µm) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="29892A45FFD9FFE8FC3BFDE7E319FDA9" box="[1010,1122,551,575]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="30.[129,193,1814,1838]" captionTargetBox="[131,1472,145,1785]" captionTargetId="figure-8@30.[129,1473,144,1786]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 19. Heterolepidoderma macrops. A, dorsal overview showing the keel pattern. The body is about 120 µm long and has a slender tenpinshaped silhouette, with a clearly defined head region, a narrowing neck, and a bulbous trunk.The furcal indentation is narrowly helmet-like in shape.The furca branches bear well-developed adhesive tubes.B, head dorsal scales are keeled and oblong.C, mouth and under-mouth region.D, sensory bristle arises from a bulbous papilla. E, trunk dorsal scales are keeled and oblong.F, upper-furcal scales are keeled, oblong, and roughly hexagonal with all edges rounded.G, furca appendage ventral scales are keeled and oblong with a truncated posterior end.H, furca base dorsal scales are relatively large and oval.ceph, cephalion; ct, cuticular teeth; hs, hypostomium; rr, rod-like reinforcements.Scale bar = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240092/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Figs 19B, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="29892A45FFD9FFE8FBA5FDE7E3CEFDA9" box="[1132,1205,551,575]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="31.[113,178,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-7@31.[114,1458,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 20. Heterolepidoderma macrops. A, lateral overview showing the internal morphology.The pharynx extends from c. U3 to U27, is 35 μm long and 5.9–8.6 μm wide, and smoothly continues through the pharyngeal-intestinal junction to the differentiated anterior section (U28–U31) of the intestine, which extends from U32 to U85. B, detail of the head region showing the cephalion with a free posterior edge. The mouth ring is oval, approximately 6.9 μm in the largest diameter, and located ventroterminally at U1–U4. C, sensory bristle arises from a bulbous papilla.D, trunk dorsal scales are keeled and narrowly oblong. E, ventrolateral view of the anterior body region.Note the mouth ring and the hypopleurae. F, dorsolateral view of the posterior body region.Arrowhead denotes the relatively large and oval scale at the transition between the furca base and the furca appendages.at, adhesive tube; ceph, cephalion; hyp, hypopleura; m, mouth; s, sensory bristles; sc, sensory cilia.Scale bars = 5 µm (C, D), 10 µm (B), 15 µm (E, F), 25 µm (A)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240094/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">20C–E</figureCitation>
|
||
). (ii) Upper-furcal scales are oblong, roughly hexagonal with all edges rounded. They form two horizontal rows (
|
||
<emphasis id="83C6EAD2FFD9FFE8FBCFFDA7E36DFDE8" box="[1030,1046,615,638]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">c.</emphasis>
|
||
U87–U89) that extend from each lateral body side towards the furcal indentation forming a concave pattern (
|
||
<figureCitation id="29892A45FFD9FFE8FCAFFD64E4C1FD2B" box="[870,954,676,701]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="30.[129,193,1814,1838]" captionTargetBox="[131,1472,145,1785]" captionTargetId="figure-8@30.[129,1473,144,1786]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 19. Heterolepidoderma macrops. A, dorsal overview showing the keel pattern. The body is about 120 µm long and has a slender tenpinshaped silhouette, with a clearly defined head region, a narrowing neck, and a bulbous trunk.The furcal indentation is narrowly helmet-like in shape.The furca branches bear well-developed adhesive tubes.B, head dorsal scales are keeled and oblong.C, mouth and under-mouth region.D, sensory bristle arises from a bulbous papilla. E, trunk dorsal scales are keeled and oblong.F, upper-furcal scales are keeled, oblong, and roughly hexagonal with all edges rounded.G, furca appendage ventral scales are keeled and oblong with a truncated posterior end.H, furca base dorsal scales are relatively large and oval.ceph, cephalion; ct, cuticular teeth; hs, hypostomium; rr, rod-like reinforcements.Scale bar = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240092/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Fig. 19F</figureCitation>
|
||
). (iii) A pair of relatively large (5.11 × 3.30 µm) and oval scales is situated dorsolaterally at the transition between the furca base and the furca appendages (
|
||
<figureCitation id="29892A45FFD9FFE8FAE5FD23E2D6FD6D" box="[1324,1453,739,763]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="30.[129,193,1814,1838]" captionTargetBox="[131,1472,145,1785]" captionTargetId="figure-8@30.[129,1473,144,1786]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 19. Heterolepidoderma macrops. A, dorsal overview showing the keel pattern. The body is about 120 µm long and has a slender tenpinshaped silhouette, with a clearly defined head region, a narrowing neck, and a bulbous trunk.The furcal indentation is narrowly helmet-like in shape.The furca branches bear well-developed adhesive tubes.B, head dorsal scales are keeled and oblong.C, mouth and under-mouth region.D, sensory bristle arises from a bulbous papilla. E, trunk dorsal scales are keeled and oblong.F, upper-furcal scales are keeled, oblong, and roughly hexagonal with all edges rounded.G, furca appendage ventral scales are keeled and oblong with a truncated posterior end.H, furca base dorsal scales are relatively large and oval.ceph, cephalion; ct, cuticular teeth; hs, hypostomium; rr, rod-like reinforcements.Scale bar = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240092/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Figs 19A, H</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="29892A45FFD9FFE8FCE3FCC3E429FC8D" box="[810,850,771,795]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="31.[113,178,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-7@31.[114,1458,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 20. Heterolepidoderma macrops. A, lateral overview showing the internal morphology.The pharynx extends from c. U3 to U27, is 35 μm long and 5.9–8.6 μm wide, and smoothly continues through the pharyngeal-intestinal junction to the differentiated anterior section (U28–U31) of the intestine, which extends from U32 to U85. B, detail of the head region showing the cephalion with a free posterior edge. The mouth ring is oval, approximately 6.9 μm in the largest diameter, and located ventroterminally at U1–U4. C, sensory bristle arises from a bulbous papilla.D, trunk dorsal scales are keeled and narrowly oblong. E, ventrolateral view of the anterior body region.Note the mouth ring and the hypopleurae. F, dorsolateral view of the posterior body region.Arrowhead denotes the relatively large and oval scale at the transition between the furca base and the furca appendages.at, adhesive tube; ceph, cephalion; hyp, hypopleura; m, mouth; s, sensory bristles; sc, sensory cilia.Scale bars = 5 µm (C, D), 10 µm (B), 15 µm (E, F), 25 µm (A)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240094/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">20F</figureCitation>
|
||
). In addition, three pairs of oblong, posteriorly truncated, keeled scales cover the ventral and ventrolateral sides of the furca appendages (
|
||
<figureCitation id="29892A45FFD9FFE8FC7BFC81E372FCCF" box="[946,1033,833,857]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="30.[129,193,1814,1838]" captionTargetBox="[131,1472,145,1785]" captionTargetId="figure-8@30.[129,1473,144,1786]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 19. Heterolepidoderma macrops. A, dorsal overview showing the keel pattern. The body is about 120 µm long and has a slender tenpinshaped silhouette, with a clearly defined head region, a narrowing neck, and a bulbous trunk.The furcal indentation is narrowly helmet-like in shape.The furca branches bear well-developed adhesive tubes.B, head dorsal scales are keeled and oblong.C, mouth and under-mouth region.D, sensory bristle arises from a bulbous papilla. E, trunk dorsal scales are keeled and oblong.F, upper-furcal scales are keeled, oblong, and roughly hexagonal with all edges rounded.G, furca appendage ventral scales are keeled and oblong with a truncated posterior end.H, furca base dorsal scales are relatively large and oval.ceph, cephalion; ct, cuticular teeth; hs, hypostomium; rr, rod-like reinforcements.Scale bar = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240092/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Fig. 19G</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B10D36C0FFD9FFE8FCE3FCBBE388FC05" blockId="29.[810,1459,891,1108]" box="[810,1267,891,915]" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Ventral ciliary bands and ventral interciliary field</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B10D36C0FFD9FFE8FCE3FC5FE3A9FBC2" blockId="29.[810,1459,891,1108]" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">
|
||
Ventral ciliary bands commence almost right behind the hypostomium. The anterior region of ventral ciliary bands is only slightly bifurcated (U7–U9) by contrast to
|
||
<emphasis id="83C6EAD2FFD9FFE8FAF1FC1FE2C8FC60" box="[1336,1459,990,1014]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">
|
||
He.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76B24D43FFD9FFE8FAACFC1EE2C8FC60" authorityName="Križanová & Vďačný" authorityYear="2024" box="[1381,1459,990,1014]" family="Chaetonotidae" genus="Heterolepidoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chaetonotida" pageId="29" pageNumber="312" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="kolickae">kolickae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="29892A45FFD9FFE8FCFCFC3DE4FCFB83" box="[821,903,1021,1045]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="31.[113,178,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-7@31.[114,1458,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 20. Heterolepidoderma macrops. A, lateral overview showing the internal morphology.The pharynx extends from c. U3 to U27, is 35 μm long and 5.9–8.6 μm wide, and smoothly continues through the pharyngeal-intestinal junction to the differentiated anterior section (U28–U31) of the intestine, which extends from U32 to U85. B, detail of the head region showing the cephalion with a free posterior edge. The mouth ring is oval, approximately 6.9 μm in the largest diameter, and located ventroterminally at U1–U4. C, sensory bristle arises from a bulbous papilla.D, trunk dorsal scales are keeled and narrowly oblong. E, ventrolateral view of the anterior body region.Note the mouth ring and the hypopleurae. F, dorsolateral view of the posterior body region.Arrowhead denotes the relatively large and oval scale at the transition between the furca base and the furca appendages.at, adhesive tube; ceph, cephalion; hyp, hypopleura; m, mouth; s, sensory bristles; sc, sensory cilia.Scale bars = 5 µm (C, D), 10 µm (B), 15 µm (E, F), 25 µm (A)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240094/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Fig. 20E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ciliary bands extend till U88. The ventral interciliary field is almost naked but one pair of oblong scales, which are located on the ventral side of the furca base.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B10D36C0FFD9FFE8FCE3FBB5E209FB7D" blockId="29.[810,1459,1141,1259]" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">
|
||
<emphasis id="83C6EAD2FFD9FFE8FCE3FBB5E3B3FB1B" box="[810,1224,1141,1165]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">
|
||
Distribution:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76B24D43FFD9FFE8FC7AFBB5E3B3FB1B" authorityName="Kisielewski" authorityYear="1981" box="[947,1224,1141,1165]" family="Chaetonotidae" genus="Heterolepidoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chaetonotida" pageId="29" pageNumber="312" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="macrops">Heterolepidoderma macrops</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
has been recorded in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C9A57650FFD9FFE8FCE3FB55E409FB3B" box="[810,882,1173,1197]" name="Poland" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Poland</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D5234B31FFD9FFE8FC4DFB55E349FB3B" author="Kisielewski J" box="[900,1074,1173,1197]" pageId="29" pageNumber="312" pagination="1 - 143" refId="ref32156" refString="Kisielewski J. Gastrotricha from raised and transitional peat bogs in Poland. Monografie Fauny Polski 1981; 11: 1 - 143." type="journal article" year="1981">Kisielewski 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C9A57650FFD9FFE8FB83FB55E3F4FB3A" box="[1098,1167,1173,1196]" name="France" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D5234B31FFD9FFE8FB68FB55E230FB3B" author="Grilli P & d'Hondt JL & Balsamo M" box="[1185,1355,1173,1197]" pageId="29" pageNumber="312" pagination="171 - 9" refId="ref31559" refString="Grilli P, d'Hondt JL, Balsamo M. Contribution a la connaissance des Gastrotriches dulcicoles du departement de la Gironde. Bulletin de la Societe Linneenne de Bordeaux 2008; 36: 171 - 9." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Grilli
|
||
<emphasis id="83C6EAD2FFD9FFE8FB16FB55E271FB3B" box="[1247,1290,1173,1197]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C9A57650FFD9FFE8FAAAFB55E2C8FB3B" box="[1379,1459,1173,1197]" name="Sweden" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Sweden</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D5234B31FFD9FFE8FCFCFB74E4B7FB5A" author="Kanneby T" box="[821,972,1204,1228]" pageId="29" pageNumber="312" pagination="29 - 55" refId="ref31893" refString="Kanneby T. New species and new records of freshwater Chaetonotida (Gastrotricha) from Sweden. Zootaxa 2011; 3115: 29 - 55." type="journal article" year="2011">Kånneby 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D5234B31FFD9FFE8FC10FB74E3DCFB5A" author="Kanneby T & Todaro MA & Jondelius U" box="[985,1191,1204,1228]" pageId="29" pageNumber="312" pagination="185 - 202" refId="ref31981" refString="Kanneby T, Todaro MA, Jondelius U. A phylogenetic approach to species delimitation in freshwater Gastrotricha from Sweden. Hydrobiologia 2012; 683: 185 - 202." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Kånneby
|
||
<emphasis id="83C6EAD2FFD9FFE8FBF4FB75E316FB5A" box="[1085,1133,1204,1228]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C9A57650FFD9FFE8FB76FB74E264FB5A" box="[1215,1311,1204,1228]" name="Germany" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and also possibly in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C9A57650FFD9FFE8FCB1FB13E4C6FB7D" box="[888,957,1235,1259]" name="Russia" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C9A57650FFD9FFE8FC0FFB13E32BFB7D" box="[966,1104,1235,1259]" name="United States of America" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C9A57650FFD9FFE8FB4CFB14E3C5FB7D" box="[1157,1214,1236,1259]" name="Japan" pageId="29" pageNumber="312">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Schwank 1990).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |