145 lines
15 KiB
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145 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0e5e47a0-f8f3-4039-b0e1-c159fef0b9f6" ID-PMC="PMC4714384" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-544-1" ID-PubMed="26798289" ID-ZBK="C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-544-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 544" ModsDocTitle="The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation" checkinTime="1451243640953" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Liebherr, James K." docDate="2015" docId="3919D20C8CEE17D559E2827E3A4EE6AB" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 544: 1-407" docOrigin="ZooKeys 544" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074" docTitle="Mecyclothorax manducus Liebherr, 2015, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="F4C06E91-20FC-4BA2-88EC-9FF07E685A87" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="35" masterDocId="FF92FFC2FF9FFFC7191EFFB8FF91AF5D" masterDocTitle="The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation" masterLastPageNumber="407" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="32" updateTime="1668162300918" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liebherr, James K.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>544</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>407</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-544-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127853618" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F4C06E91-20FC-4BA2-88EC-9FF07E685A87" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3919D20C8CEE17D559E2827E3A4EE6AB" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Carabidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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(008)
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/F4C06E91-20FC-4BA2-88EC-9FF07E685A87" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax manducus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manducus">Mecyclothorax manducus</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="31" pageNumber="32">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 16
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–J">I-J</normalizedToken>
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, 17C, 18C, 20A, 21
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="32" pageNumber="33" start="start">Diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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Among the pale-margined species of this group, the slightly sinuate pronotal lateral margins associated with the obtuse pronotal hind angles of this species (Fig. 20A) are intermediate to the non-sinuate lateral margins of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax mordax" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mordax">Mecyclothorax mordax</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 15C) and
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<pageBreakToken pageId="33" pageNumber="34" start="start">the</pageBreakToken>
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distinctly sinuate lateral margins of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax mordicus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mordicus">Mecyclothorax mordicus</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 15D). This species is also characterized by less convex eyes-ocular ratio = 1.40-1.43-versus the more convex eyes of the other two species. Setal formula 2 1 2(3) 1[sae]; a third unilaterally present dorsal elytral seta was observed in one individual. Standardized body length 3.6-4.1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Description</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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(n = 5). Head capsule with frontal grooves broad near clypeus, a lateral carina present to anterior supraorbital seta; dorsal impression of neck flat to slightly concave; ocular lobe projected posteriorly, eye small, ocular lobe ratio = 0.71-0.74; labral anterior margin broadly, shallowly emarginate, antennomere 2 sparsely setose, antennomere with well-developed pelage of short setae; antennae filiform; mentum tooth with sides acute, apex tightly rounded. Pronotum with lateral seta present, basal seta absent; median base moderately depressed relative to disc, minutely punctate, minute wrinkles present on disc; basal margin straight medially, expanded posteriorly mesad laterobasal depressions; median longitudinal impression narrow, shallowly incised, continuous to basal margin; anterior transverse impression deep, narrow, surface behind with granulate isodiametric microsculpture, crossed by fine longitudinal wrinkles; anterior callosity slightly convex, glossy except for longitudinal wrinkles; front angles slightly projected, tightly rounded; APW/BPW= 1.00-1.04; lateral marginal depression narrow, edge upturned anteriorly, slightly broader, reflexed near base; laterobasal depression smooth, transversely wrinkled onto disc, continuous with lateral depression. Proepisternum with smooth hind marginal groove; prosternal process medially depressed, sides broadly upraised. Elytra subquadrate, disc moderately convex, sides more so; basal groove gently recurved to rounded humeral angle; MEW/HuW = 1.98-2.03; parascutellar seta present; parascutellar striole with three deep punctures, continuous between punctures; sutural interval more convex than lateral intervals, sutural juncture elevated; sutural and 2nd striae of subequal depth from base to apex; striae 2-8 of similar depth, associated intervals convex; striae 1-3 with small punctures that expand stria, striae 4-5 with slight irregularities; 7th and 8th interval similarly convex mesad subapical sinuation; 2 dorsal elytral setae at 0.27
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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and 0.63
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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elytral length (unilateral third seta at 0.48
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length), setal impressions spanning 2/3 of interval 3; subapical seta present, apical seta absent; lateral elytral setae arranged in anterior series of 7 setae, posterior series of 6 setae; elytral marginal depression narrow at humerus, expanded laterally along sides, narrowly beaded at subapical sinuation; subapical sinuation shallow, more abruptly incurved anteriorly. Mesepisternum with ~5 very shallow punctures; metepisternal width to length ratio = 0.76; metepisternum/metepimeron suture distinct. Abdomen with irregular lateral wrinkles on ventrites 1-5; suture between ventrites 2 and 3 reduced, effaced laterally; apical male ventrite with 2 marginal setae, female ventrite with 4 equally spaced marginal setae plus a median trapezoid of 4 smaller setae. Legs-metatarsomere 1/metatibial length ratio = 0.18; metatarsomere 4 length along outer lobe 1.25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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medial tarsomere length, apical and subapical setae present; metatarsal dorsolateral sulci narrow, lateral, median area broad. Microsculpture of vertex a well-developed isodiametric mesh in transverse rows; pronotal disc with well-developed transverse mesh, sculpticell breadth 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–3×">-3x</normalizedToken>
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length; pronotal median base
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<pageBreakToken pageId="34" pageNumber="35" start="start">with</pageBreakToken>
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well-developed, upraised transverse mesh, sculpticell breadth 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length; elytral disc with transverse mesh, sculpticell breadth 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–3×">-3x</normalizedToken>
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length; elytral apex with mixture of transverse mesh and transverse lines; metasternum with distinct transverse mesh; laterobasal abdominal ventrites with swirling isodiametric and transverse microsculpture. Coloration of vertex rufobrunneous; antennomere 1 flavous, antennomeres 2-3 rufoflavous, 4-11 rufobrunneous; pronotal disc rufopiceous, pronotal margins broadly rufobrunneous, median base rufoflavous; proepipleuron rufoflavous, proepisternum rufobrunneous; elytral intervals 2-6 piceous from base to juncture of striae 3 and 4, outer intervals and apex flavous; sutural interval rufobrunneous basally, flavous in apical 1/3; elytral epipleuron rufoflavous, metepisternum rufobrunneous with piceous cast; abdomen with ventrites 1-5 rufopiceous medially, rufoflavous laterally; basal half of apical ventrite 6 rufopiceous, apical half flavous; metafemur flavous; metatibia flavous with brunneous cast.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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Male genitalia (n = 2). Aedeagal median lobe moderately elongate, distance from parameral articulation to tip 3.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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depth at midlength (Fig. 16I); apical extension parallel sided, the tip subangulate at its ventral margin; median lobe apex curved to the right just before blunt tip in ventral view (Fig. 16J); internal sac unornamented, elongate flagellar plate visible inside dorsal margin of median lobe in lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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Female reproductive tract (n = 1). Bursa copulatrix columnar, 0.57 mm long, 0.15 mm broad (Fig. 17C); bursal walls translucent, thinly wrinkled; gonocoxite 1 with 2-5 apical fringe setae, 8-9 small setae on medial surface (Fig. 18C); gonocoxite 2 subtriangular, apex acuminate; base evenly extended from lateral margin and basally curved at apex; 2 gracile lateral ensiform setae, apical nematiform setae on medial surface at 0.70
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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gonocoxite length.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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Female (CUIC) labeled: HI:Maui Haleakala N.P. / Kipahulu Vy. Central / Pali Tr. 910 m el. / 30-IV-1991 sifting / moss and leaf litter // J.K. Liebherr / A.C. Medeiros, / Jr. collectors //
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax" order="Coleoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mecyclothorax</taxonomicName>
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/
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<taxonomicName lsidName="manducus" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="manducus">manducus</taxonomicName>
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/ ♀ photo / Det. J.K. Liebherr 2014 // HOLOTYPE /
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax" order="Coleoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mecyclothorax</taxonomicName>
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/
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<taxonomicName lsidName="manducus" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="manducus">manducus</taxonomicName>
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/ Liebherr / det. J.K. Liebherr 2015 (black-margined red label).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="paratypes">
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Paratypes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">HI: Maui: Haleakala N.P., Kipahulu Vy., sift litter, 1800 m el., 08-v-1991 lot 04, Jessel/Medeiros (CUIC, 1), above Bravo Camp above, sift litter, 600 m el., 01-v-1991 lot 03, Liebherr/Medeiros (CUIC, 1), Central Pali Tr., sift leaf/moss litter, 915 m el., 30-iv-1991 lot 03, Liebherr/Medeiros (CUIC, 16), under boards/logs/tarps, 915 m el., 30-iv-1991 lot 02, Liebherr/Medeiros (CUIC, 1).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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This last of the species epithets related to biting, the Latin noun
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<taxonomicName lsidName="manducus" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="manducus">manducus</taxonomicName>
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means glutton (
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<bibRefCitation author="Brown, RW" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C." pageId="307" pageNumber="308" title="Composition of Scientific Words" year="1956">Brown 1956</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="distribution and habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax manducus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manducus">Mecyclothorax manducus</taxonomicName>
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is known only from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kīpahulu">Kīpahulu</normalizedToken>
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Valley (Fig. 21), though it occupies habitats from 600-1800 m elevation there. Records are all from ground-level microhabitats. These predominantly include 17 specimens in four Winkler sifter samples of leaf and moss litter (2-3 l each) taken from near large
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<taxonomicName lsidName="koa" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="koa">koa</taxonomicName>
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and 'ōlapa trees, but also one beetle from under boards, tarps and logs at an abandoned fence-building camp.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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Figure 21. Recorded geographic distributions of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax obscuricornis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscuricornis">Mecyclothorax obscuricornis</taxonomicName>
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group species.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |