152 lines
12 KiB
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152 lines
12 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7538" ID-PMC="PMC4759443" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828--7538" ID-PubMed="26929717" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-2828--e7538" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal " ModsDocTitle="First report of Tequusschrottkyi (Konow) (Hymenoptera: Pergidae) in Uruguay, and information about its host plant and biology" checkinTime="1553126380580" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Altesor, Paula, Gonzalez, Andres & Schmidt, Stefan" docDate="2016" docId="36306CB01AFD6AAD57855C4774AAC2B2" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 4: e7538" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 4" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7538" docTitle="Tequus schrottkyi" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="7538" masterDocId="FFC7CB2D361CFFAC7D23C618FF8EA529" masterDocTitle="First report of Tequusschrottkyi (Konow) (Hymenoptera: Pergidae) in Uruguay, and information about its host plant and biology" masterLastPageNumber="7538" masterPageNumber="7538" pageNumber="7538" updateTime="1668123506366" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>First report of Tequusschrottkyi (Konow) (Hymenoptera: Pergidae) in Uruguay, and information about its host plant and biology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Altesor, Paula</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Gonzalez, Andres</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Schmidt, Stefan</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>4</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>7538</mods:start>
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<mods:end>7538</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7538</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7538</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828--7538</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:36306CB01AFD6AAD57855C4774AAC2B2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/36306CB01AFD6AAD57855C4774AAC2B2" lastPageNumber="7538" pageId="0" pageNumber="7538">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="7538">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/Public_SearchTerms?query=DS-TEQSCH" authority="Konow 1906" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Pergidae" genus="Tequus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tequus schrottkyi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schrottkyi">Tequus schrottkyi (Konow 1906)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="7538">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pergidae" genus="Tequus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tequus schrottkyi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schrottkyi">Tequus schrottkyi</taxonomicName>
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Acorduleceros Schrottkyi
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<bibRefCitation author="Konow, F. W." journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift fuer systematische Hymenopterologie und Dipterologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" pagination="337 - 347" title="Neue suedamerikanische Lophyrini. (Hym)." volume="6" year="1906">Konow 1906</bibRefCitation>
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: 345-346. Type locality: Paraguay: Villa
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Encarnación">Encarnacion</normalizedToken>
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. Lectotype female, designated by
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<bibRefCitation author="Smith, D. R." journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" pagination="89 - 103" title="Identification of the Acordulecera " potato " sawflies of Peru and Bolivia, with descriptions of these and related species from South America (Hymenoptera; Pergidae)." volume="70" year="1980">Smith 1980</bibRefCitation>
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: 101. Type depository: Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Müncheberg">Muencheberg</normalizedToken>
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, Germany. Described: female.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="7538">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pergidae" genus="Acordulecera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acordulecera schrottkyi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schrottkyi">Acordulecera schrottkyi</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="7538">Smith 1978</bibRefCitation>
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: 179.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="7538">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pergidae" genus="Tequus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tequus schrottkyi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schrottkyi">Tequus schrottkyi</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Smith, D. R." journalOrPublisher="Revista Brasileira de Entomologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" pagination="7 - 200" title="A synopsis of the sawflies (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) of America south of the United States: Pergidae." volume="34" year="1990">Smith 1990</bibRefCitation>
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: 190.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="7538">Distribution</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="7538">Paraguay, Uruguay</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="7538">Ecology</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="7538">
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In INIA - Las Brujas field station,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. schrottkyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" rank="species" species="schrottkyi">T. schrottkyi</taxonomicName>
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larvae were only found feeding on
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. commersonii" pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" rank="species" species="commersonii">S. commersonii</taxonomicName>
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in autumn and early winter between March and July.
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum commersonii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="commersonii">Solanum commersonii</taxonomicName>
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is a perennial plant that has its center of distribution in Uruguay, but also occurs in Paraguay, Brazil and Argentina (
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<bibRefCitation author="Spooner, David M." journalOrPublisher="Am J Potato Res" pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" pagination="237 - 268" title="Potato Systematics and Germplasm Collecting, 1989 - 2000" volume="78" year="2001">Spooner and Hijmans 2001</bibRefCitation>
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). Therefore, this plant may also be the host of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. schrottkyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" rank="species" species="schrottkyi">T. schrottkyi</taxonomicName>
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in Paraguay, where it was originally reported. Since
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. commersonii" pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" rank="species" species="commersonii">S. commersonii</taxonomicName>
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foliage is less available during spring and summer in this area, it is assumed that
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. schrottkyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" rank="species" species="schrottkyi">T. schrottkyi</taxonomicName>
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enters diapause and/or moves to another host plant during the rest of the year.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="7538">
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Between March and July
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. schrottkyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" rank="species" species="schrottkyi">T. schrottkyi</taxonomicName>
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presents several generations. Field temperature range measured during the sampling months was of 25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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4 °C (average maximum in March) and 5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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4 °C (average minimum in June) (mean
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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SD) (
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<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="7538">INIA-Uruguay 2015</bibRefCitation>
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). Under controlled laboratory conditions (21
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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3 °C, 50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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10 % RH, 14:10 L:D regime), larvae collected as first and second instars (Figs 2, 3) and maintained on
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. commersonii" pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" rank="species" species="commersonii">S. commersonii</taxonomicName>
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feeding on the leaves successfully completed their larval stage in less than 5 days and the prepupal and pupal stage to adulthood in aproximately 9 days (P. Altesor, unpublished) (Fig. 4). Mature larvae form a silk cocoon in the soil in which they pupate (Fig. 5), with female pupae roughly twice as large as male pupae (20.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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1.1 mg, N = 14 and males: 9.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.5 mg, N = 12 (mean
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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SEM).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" type="biology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="7538">Biology</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="7538">
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Adults are sexually dimorphic, the female being larger than the male and with a different colour pattern. Compared to females, males have the thorax more extensively orange, and the abdomen black except more or less yellow orange laterally (in the female, the abdomen is orange except basally and apically more or less black) (Figs 6, 7, 8). Sexual dimorphism is common in the
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<taxonomicName family="Pergidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" rank="family">Pergidae</taxonomicName>
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, and often is expressed by differences in the antennal structure, color, and body size (
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<bibRefCitation author="Schmidt, Stefan" journalOrPublisher="Contributions of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" pagination="1 - 972" title="An Annotated Systematic World Catalogue of the Pergidae (Hymenoptera)" volume="34" year="2006">Schmidt and Smith 2006</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="7538">
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Females lay the eggs individually in the leaf margin, into the leaf tissues as is typical of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="Symphyta" pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" rank="suborder" suborder="Symphyta">Symphyta</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Smith, D. R." journalOrPublisher="Revista Brasileira de Entomologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" pagination="7 - 200" title="A synopsis of the sawflies (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) of America south of the United States: Pergidae." volume="34" year="1990">Smith 1990</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Smith, Edward Laidlaw" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology" pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" pagination="321 - 365" title="Biosystematics and Morphology of Symphyta - III. External Genitalia of Euura (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae): Sclerites, Sensilla, Musculature, Development and Oviposition Behavior." volume="1" year="1972">Smith 1972</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Weltz, Carl-Erik" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" pagination="133 - 183" title="The saws of sawflies: exploring the morphology of the ovipositor in Tenthredinoidea (Insecta: Hymenoptera), with emphasis on Nematinae" volume="48" year="2014">Weltz and Vilhelmsen 2014</bibRefCitation>
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) (Fig. 9) (there are several eggs per leaf, but not clustered). In the laboratory, virgin females (24 - 48 h of age) laid eggs on
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. commersonii" pageId="0" pageNumber="7538" rank="species" species="commersonii">S. commersonii</taxonomicName>
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, from which only male larvae emerged (arrhenotokous parthenogenesis).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |