704 lines
96 KiB
XML
704 lines
96 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="E744240FB8DAF4ED34DC1738515B6457">Mycale species of the tropical Indo-West Pacific (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="CCC70C1FEBCDAE91FC53CBCDC2033102" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="F25C92EDC599E218F1C1D22B5AF3AD31">Van, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="DF7C5E1B287D8EB68F3B4124F0AA1D73">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="337CA42D20D65000A84DC9FCAB5111B6">Aryasari, Ratih</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="DECC2346D8D7C44B31417DC5D6AC52F7" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="EC3A88913C8C95611A799240A2082DFF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="014135B44BA62ED9871E34D552258FF7">De, Nicole J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="966E8E35FEC1AF822B5007663D47F1B6" type="ORCID">0000-0002-7985-5604</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="EC17A03B5DA67C21FF019BCE10C91B85" type="email">rob.vansoest@naturalis.nl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="E7E987BC5537E1D7A6659DA5E40F2C6C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A7CDAD7123C2E69F5120FB4E830740A0">
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<mods:date id="FDEB09B6BB647F778EEFE0D9254F9256">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6EA5A9511AFEEA3B561014706558C467">2021-01-19</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="76277B8BAF244265FF58D851C4D8A5D5">4912</mods:number>
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<treatment id="361087A7FF45FF2655ABF9CD5123CC54" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451032" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177132450" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4451032" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361087A7FF45FF2655ABF9CD5123CC54" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/361087A7FF45FF2655ABF9CD5123CC54" lastPageId="134" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFF45FF2055ABF9CD5292CB97" box="[151,760,1640,1667]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF45FF2055ABF9CD5292CB97" blockId="128.[151,760,1640,1704]" box="[151,760,1640,1667]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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<heading id="E54E81DDFF45FF2055ABF9CD5292CB97" bold="true" box="[151,760,1640,1667]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF45FF2055ABF9CD5292CB97" bold="true" box="[151,760,1640,1667]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF45FF2055ABF9CD52F3CB97" ID-CoL="73QRS" authority="(Gray, 1867)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[151,665,1640,1667]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="grandis" subGenus="Mycale">
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<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF45FF2055ABF9CD5108CB96" bold="true" box="[151,354,1640,1667]" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Mycale (Mycale)</emphasis>
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aff.
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<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF45FF2054A6F9CD519FCB96" bold="true" box="[410,501,1640,1667]" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">grandis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF45FF205739F9CD52FBCB97" author="Gray, J. E." box="[517,657,1640,1666]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="492 - 558" refId="ref131696" refString="Gray, J. E. (1867) Notes on the Arrangement of Sponges, with the Descriptions of some New Genera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1867 (2), 492 - 558, pls. XXVII-XXVIII." type="journal article" year="1867">Gray, 1867</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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‘white’
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFF45FF2055ABF928520CCBB2" box="[151,614,1677,1704]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="description">
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<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF45FF2055ABF928520CCBB2" blockId="128.[151,760,1640,1704]" box="[151,614,1677,1704]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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<figureCitation id="26822A34FF45FF2055ABF9285080CBB2" box="[151,234,1677,1703]" captionStart="FIGURE 82" captionStartId="129.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[163,1423,633,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-212@129.[163,1423,633,1885]" captionTargetPageId="129" captionText="FIGURE 82. Mycale (Mycale) aff. grandis (Gray, 1867), white colored specimens, habitus in situ, a, ZMA Por. 14549 from N Sulawesi, Indonesia, b, detail of same, c, RMNH Por. 3699 from N Sulawesi, Indonesia, d, RMNH Por. 6595 from N Sulawesi, Indonesia, e, detail of same, f, ZMA Por. 18757 from Thailand." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451133" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451133/files/figure.png" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Figs 82</figureCitation>
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a–f, 83a–e, 84a–h, 85, 86,
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<tableCitation id="F33B030AFF45FF20572FF928520CCBB2" box="[531,614,1677,1703]" captionStart="TABLE 7" captionStartId="134.[151,239,368,392]" captionText="TABLE 7. Comparison of Mycale (Mycale) grandis Gray, 1867 ‘red’ and Mycale (Mycale) aff. grandis ‘white’. Specimens M. (M.) grandis ‘red’: lectotype slide BMNH 1867.3.11.60, type slide Esperia pellucida BMNH 1882.2.23.224, type slides Esperia indica BMNH 1887.6.1.2, type Oxymycale strongylophora USNM 22937, ZMA Por. 01582, 01584, 01588, 01885, 02887, 07979, 08997, 09556, 09809, 10849, 11157, 11293, 11679, 12145, 12554, 13017, 13026, 18679, RMNH Por. 2596, 8679. Specimens M. (M.) aff. grandis’white’: ZMA Por. 08554, 08966, 14549, RMNH Por. 3699, 5434, 6595 (cf. text for locality data of the specimens). AIa= anisochelae Ia, AIb= anisochelae Ib, AII = anisochelae II, AIII is anisochelae III, SI = sigmas I, SII = sigmas II, Tr = trichodragmas." pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Table 7</tableCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFF45FF2155ABF97151D4CCC7" lastPageId="129" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF45FF2155ABF97151D4CCC7" blockId="128.[151,1437,1748,2028]" lastBlockId="129.[151,1436,150,609]" lastPageId="129" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF45FF2055ABF9715112CBFB" bold="true" box="[151,376,1748,1774]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Material examined</emphasis>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF45FF2054B9F9705163CA06" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466686" collectionCode="ZMA" country="Indonesia" elevation="8" latitude="-6.45" location="Take Karlarang" longLatPrecision="555" longitude="121.2083" municipality="Por." pageId="128" pageNumber="129" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">
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<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF45FF2054B9F97051A8CBFA" box="[389,450,1749,1775]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">ZMA</collectionCode>
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<collectingMunicipality id="5E62ACCBFF45FF2054FBF970519ECBFA" box="[455,500,1749,1775]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Por.</collectingMunicipality>
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08554,
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<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF45FF205770F97052D6CBFA" box="[588,700,1749,1775]" name="Indonesia" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="7C7DF853FF45FF2057F9F9705347CBFA" box="[709,813,1749,1775]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
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, SE
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<collectingRegion id="7C7DF853FF45FF205661F97053AFCBFA" box="[861,965,1749,1775]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
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,
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,
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, reef, depth
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<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF45FF20548BF95C51A6CA06" box="[439,460,1785,1811]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">R</collectionCode>
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<collectorName id="134C5367FF45FF2054F3F95C52EECA06" box="[463,644,1785,1811]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">W.M. van Soest</collectorName>
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, Indonesian-Dutch Snellius
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<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF45FF205683F95C53B8CA06" box="[959,978,1785,1811]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">II</collectionCode>
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Expedition stat. 147, field nr. 147/
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<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF45FF20506AF95C5267CA2D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466895" collectingDate="1984-09-27" collectionCode="III" country="Indonesia" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" specimenCode="III/01" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">
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<specimenCode id="EE1F9ECAFF45FF20506AF95C55F2CA06" box="[1366,1432,1785,1811]" collectionCode="III" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">III/01</specimenCode>
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,
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<date id="CA071071FF45FF2055ABF8B8511FCA22" box="[151,373,1821,1847]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" value="1984-09-27">
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<collectingDate id="DA43E999FF45FF2055ABF8B8511FCA22" box="[151,373,1821,1847]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" value="1984-09-27">27 September 1984</collectingDate>
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</date>
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(grey-white)
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF45FF205726F8B85328CA4E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466389" collectionCode="ZMA" country="Indonesia" elevation="23" latitude="-5.9333" location="Tukang Besi Islands" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="123.975" municipality="Por." pageId="128" pageNumber="129" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">
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<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF45FF205726F8B8523DCA22" box="[538,599,1821,1847]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">ZMA</collectionCode>
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<collectingMunicipality id="5E62ACCBFF45FF20575CF8B852E7CA22" box="[608,653,1821,1847]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Por.</collectingMunicipality>
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08996,
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<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF45FF2057D7F8B85331CA22" box="[747,859,1821,1847]" name="Indonesia" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="7C7DF853FF45FF205654F8B853BACA22" box="[872,976,1821,1847]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
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, SE
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||
<collectingRegion id="7C7DF853FF45FF20513BF8B85405CA22" box="[1031,1135,1821,1847]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
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,
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<location id="BB66606AFF45FF205147F8B8550FCA22" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361087A7FF45FF2655ABF9CD5123CC54:BB66606AFF45FF205147F8B8550FCA22" box="[1147,1381,1821,1847]" country="Indonesia" latitude="-5.9333" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="123.975" municipality="Por." name="Tukang Besi Islands" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">Tukang Besi Islands</location>
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,
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<locationDeviation id="AFB42F93FF45FF20504FF8B85179CA4E" location="Taipabu" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">SW of Taipabu</locationDeviation>
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,
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, reef slope, depth
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,
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<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF45FF205673F8E453C5CA4E" box="[847,943,1857,1883]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">SCUBA</collectionCode>
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, coll.
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<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF45FF2056CAF8E4509BCA6A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466555" collectionCode="R" collectorName="W. M. van Soest" country="Indonesia" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">
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<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF45FF2056CAF8E45461CA4E" box="[1014,1035,1857,1883]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">R</collectionCode>
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.
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<collectorName id="134C5367FF45FF205132F8E454ACCA4E" box="[1038,1222,1857,1883]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">W.M. van Soest</collectorName>
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, Indonesian-Dutch Snellius
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</materialsCitation>
|
||
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF45FF2055C6F8C05167CA6A" box="[250,269,1893,1919]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">II</collectionCode>
|
||
Expedition stat. 044, field nr. 044/
|
||
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF45FF2057A2F8C05476CA95" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466619" box="[670,1052,1893,1920]" collectingDate="1984-09-11" collectionCode="V" country="Indonesia" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" specimenCode="V/02" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">
|
||
<specimenCode id="EE1F9ECAFF45FF2057A2F8C052BDCA6A" box="[670,727,1893,1919]" collectionCode="V" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="Museum">V/02</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="CA071071FF45FF2057DFF8C053D5CA6A" box="[739,959,1893,1919]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" value="1984-09-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="DA43E999FF45FF2057DFF8C053D5CA6A" box="[739,959,1893,1919]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" value="1984-09-11">11 September 1984</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(white)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF45FF205115F8C0549ECAB6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466898" collectionCode="ZMA" country="Indonesia" elevation="35" latitude="1.6376" location="North East Bunaken Island" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="124.7647" municipality="Por." pageId="128" pageNumber="129" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">
|
||
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF45FF205115F8C0540CCA6A" box="[1065,1126,1893,1919]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="5E62ACCBFF45FF205152F8C054F1CA6A" box="[1134,1179,1893,1919]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Por.</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
14549,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF45FF2051C5F8C05503CA6A" box="[1273,1385,1893,1919]" name="Indonesia" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7C7DF853FF45FF205049F8C0508BCAB6" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7C7DF853FF45FF2055D1F82C51F7CAB6" box="[237,413,1929,1955]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">North Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="BB66606AFF45FF205494F82C52B3CAB6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361087A7FF45FF2655ABF9CD5123CC54:BB66606AFF45FF205494F82C52B3CAB6" box="[424,729,1929,1955]" country="Indonesia" latitude="1.6376" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="124.7647" municipality="Por." name="North East Bunaken Island" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">North East Bunaken Island</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FF45FF2057D8F82C533ACAB6" box="[740,848,1929,1955]" degrees="1.6376" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" precision="5" value="1.6376">1.6376°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FF45FF20566BF82C538ACAB6" box="[855,992,1929,1955]" degrees="124.7647" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" precision="5" value="124.7647">124.7647°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, steep slope, depth
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF45FF205185F82C549ECAB6" box="[1209,1268,1929,1956]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" unit="m" value="35.0">
|
||
<elevation id="3594D182FF45FF205185F82C549ECAB6" box="[1209,1268,1929,1956]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" unit="m" value="35.0">35 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF45FF20503CF82C5571CADD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466677" collectingDate="1998-05-10" collectionCode="SCUBA" collectorName="B. W. Hoeksema" country="Indonesia" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">
|
||
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF45FF20503CF82C550ACAB6" box="[1280,1376,1929,1955]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">SCUBA</collectionCode>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="134C5367FF45FF2055ABF8085139CAD2" box="[151,339,1965,1991]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">B.W. Hoeksema</collectorName>
|
||
, SYMBIOSPONGE project, field nr. 98/NS/MAY10/BH/103,
|
||
<date id="CA071071FF45FF20511EF80854D7CAD2" box="[1058,1213,1965,1991]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" value="1998-05-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="DA43E999FF45FF20511EF80854D7CAD2" box="[1058,1213,1965,1991]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" value="1998-05-10">10 May 1998</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(white)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF45FF205015F80854F2CAFE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466335" collectionCode="ZMA" collectorName="SW Siladen Island" country="Indonesia" elevation="15" latitude="1.6167" location="Por." longLatPrecision="7" longitude="124.7833" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">
|
||
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF45FF205015F808550CCAD2" box="[1321,1382,1965,1991]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||
<location id="BB66606AFF45FF20504CF80855F7CAD2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361087A7FF45FF2655ABF9CD5123CC54:BB66606AFF45FF20504CF80855F7CAD2" box="[1392,1437,1965,1991]" country="Indonesia" latitude="1.6167" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="124.7833" name="Por." pageId="128" pageNumber="129" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">Por.</location>
|
||
17384,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF45FF2055D1F8745137CAFE" box="[237,349,2001,2027]" name="Indonesia" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7C7DF853FF45FF205455F8745271CAFE" box="[361,539,2001,2027]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">North Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="134C5367FF45FF205714F8745294CAFE" box="[552,766,2001,2027]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">SW Siladen Island</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FF45FF205637F874531DCAFE" box="[779,887,2001,2027]" degrees="1.6167" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" precision="5" value="1.6167">1.6167°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FF45FF2056BCF8745462CAFE" box="[896,1032,2001,2027]" degrees="124.7833" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" precision="5" value="124.7833">124.7833°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF45FF205167F87454F2CAFE" box="[1115,1176,2001,2028]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" unit="m" value="15.0">
|
||
<elevation id="3594D182FF45FF205167F87454F2CAFE" box="[1115,1176,2001,2028]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF45FF205199F874556CCAFE" box="[1189,1286,2001,2027]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">SCUBA</collectionCode>
|
||
. coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="134C5367FF45FF215070F8745089CDA4" lastPageId="129" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">N.J. de Voogd</collectorName>
|
||
, field nr.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF44FF215471FF3353A2CDA7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466586" box="[333,968,150,178]" collectingDate="2002-05-17" collectionCode="MD" country="Indonesia" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" specimenCode="MD11" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">
|
||
<specimenCode id="EE1F9ECAFF44FF215471FF3351F9CDA4" box="[333,403,150,177]" collectionCode="MD" country="Germany" name="Museum Donaueschingen" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">MD11</specimenCode>
|
||
/170502/049,
|
||
<date id="CA071071FF44FF21570DFF3252ADCDA4" box="[561,711,151,177]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" value="2002-05-17">
|
||
<collectingDate id="DA43E999FF44FF21570DFF3252ADCDA4" box="[561,711,151,177]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" value="2002-05-17">17 May 2002</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(white, yellow inside)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF44FF2156E8FF3253A8CDC0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466908" collectionCode="ZMA" country="Thailand" county="Por." elevation="3" latitude="11.786" location="Chang Island" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="102.4873" municipality="Trad" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF44FF2156E8FF32547BCDA4" box="[980,1041,151,177]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="57674E3DFF44FF215124FF32542FCDA4" box="[1048,1093,151,177]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Por.</collectingCounty>
|
||
18757,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF44FF2151A3FF32556FCDA4" box="[1183,1285,151,177]" name="Thailand" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="5E62ACCBFF44FF21502DFF325522CDA4" box="[1297,1352,151,177]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Trad</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="BB66606AFF44FF21506FFF3250B4CDC0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361087A7FF45FF2655ABF9CD5123CC54:BB66606AFF44FF21506FFF3250B4CDC0" country="Thailand" county="Por." latitude="11.786" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="102.4873" municipality="Trad" name="Chang Island" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Chang Island</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="AFB42F93FF44FF2155D0FF1E51F8CDC0" box="[236,402,187,213]" location="Ko Mark" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">S of Ko Mark</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FF44FF21549CFF1E5261CDC0" box="[416,523,187,213]" degrees="11.786" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" precision="55" value="11.786">11.786°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FF44FF215729FF1E52F7CDC0" box="[533,669,187,213]" degrees="102.4873" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" precision="5" value="102.4873">102.4873°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, fringing reef, depth
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF44FF2156AFFF1E53A8CDC0" box="[915,962,187,213]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" unit="m" value="3.0">
|
||
<elevation id="3594D182FF44FF2156AFFF1E53A8CDC0" box="[915,962,187,213]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF44FF2156EDFF1E5248CDEC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466475" collectingDate="2001-11-19" collectionCode="SCUBA" collectorName="Sumaitt Putchakarn" country="Thailand" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF44FF2156EDFF1E545BCDC0" box="[977,1073,187,213]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">SCUBA</collectionCode>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="134C5367FF44FF215145FF1E5531CDC0" box="[1145,1371,187,213]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Sumaitt Putchakarn</collectorName>
|
||
, field nr. CHAD–08,
|
||
<date id="CA071071FF44FF215478FF7A5248CDEC" box="[324,546,223,249]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" value="2001-11-19">
|
||
<collectingDate id="DA43E999FF44FF215478FF7A5248CDEC" box="[324,546,223,249]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" value="2001-11-19">19 November 2001</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF44FF215713FF7A52DCCC08" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466909" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="SW Bunaken Island" country="Indonesia" elevation="20" latitude="1.618" location="Alung Banua" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="124.7583" municipality="Por." pageId="129" pageNumber="130" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">
|
||
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF44FF215713FF7A52E9CDEC" box="[559,643,223,249]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="5E62ACCBFF44FF2157B7FF7A52D2CDEC" box="[651,696,223,249]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Por.</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
3699,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF44FF21563AFF7A531CCDEC" box="[774,886,223,249]" name="Indonesia" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7C7DF853FF44FF2156BEFF7A5380CDEC" box="[898,1002,223,249]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7C7DF853FF44FF2156CAFF7A54C2CDEC" box="[1014,1192,223,249]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">North Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="134C5367FF44FF215188FF7A55F2CDEC" box="[1204,1432,223,249]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">SW Bunaken Island</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="BB66606AFF44FF2155ABFEA65145CC08" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361087A7FF45FF2655ABF9CD5123CC54:BB66606AFF44FF2155ABFEA65145CC08" box="[151,303,259,285]" country="Indonesia" latitude="1.618" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="124.7583" municipality="Por." name="Alung Banua" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">Alung Banua</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FF44FF215407FEA651F3CC08" box="[315,409,259,285]" degrees="1.618" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" precision="55" value="1.618">1.618°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FF44FF21549DFEA75243CC08" box="[417,553,258,285]" degrees="124.7583" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" precision="5" value="124.7583">124.7583°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF44FF215746FEA652DCCC08" box="[634,694,259,285]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" unit="m" value="20.0">
|
||
<elevation id="3594D182FF44FF215746FEA652DCCC08" box="[634,694,259,285]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF44FF2157FEFEA65348CC08" box="[706,802,259,285]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">SCUBA</collectionCode>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="134C5367FF44FF21565AFEA65462CC08" box="[870,1032,259,285]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">N.J. de Voogd</collectorName>
|
||
, field nr.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF44FF21514FFEA75260CC57" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466858" collectingDate="2002-05-16" collectionCode="MD" country="Indonesia" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" specimenCode="MD07" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">
|
||
<specimenCode id="EE1F9ECAFF44FF21514FFEA754D1CC08" box="[1139,1211,258,285]" collectionCode="MD" country="Germany" name="Museum Donaueschingen" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">MD07</specimenCode>
|
||
/150502/NV049,
|
||
<date id="CA071071FF44FF2150BCFEA65160CC54" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" value="2002-05-16">
|
||
<collectingDate id="DA43E999FF44FF2150BCFEA65160CC54" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" value="2002-05-16">16 May 2002</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(white, yellow inside)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF44FF215729FE825171CC70" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466809" collectionCode="RMNH" country="Indonesia" county="Por." elevation="10" latitude="0.8417" location="Tarau" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="127.3772" municipality="Halmahera" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF44FF215729FE825203CC54" box="[533,617,295,321]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="57674E3DFF44FF21574CFE8252F7CC54" box="[624,669,295,321]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Por.</collectingCounty>
|
||
5434,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF44FF2157D6FE825330CC54" box="[746,858,295,321]" name="Indonesia" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="5E62ACCBFF44FF215659FE825389CC54" box="[869,995,295,321]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Halmahera</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, Ternate,
|
||
<location id="BB66606AFF44FF215173FE8254FBCC54" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361087A7FF45FF2655ABF9CD5123CC54:BB66606AFF44FF215173FE8254FBCC54" box="[1103,1169,295,321]" country="Indonesia" county="Por." latitude="0.8417" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="127.3772" municipality="Halmahera" name="Tarau" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Tarau</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FF44FF2151A0FE825563CC54" box="[1180,1289,295,321]" degrees="0.8417" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" precision="5" value="0.8417">0.8417°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FF44FF21502CFE8255F2CC54" box="[1296,1432,295,321]" degrees="127.3772" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" precision="5" value="127.3772">127.3772°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF44FF2155E2FEEE5171CC70" box="[222,283,331,357]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" unit="m" value="10.0">
|
||
<elevation id="3594D182FF44FF2155E2FEEE5171CC70" box="[222,283,331,357]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF44FF215414FEEE5272CC9F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466802" collectingDate="2009-11-02" collectionCode="SCUBA" collectorName="N. J. de Voogd & Ternate-Halmahera Expedition" country="Indonesia" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF44FF215414FEEE51E2CC70" box="[296,392,331,357]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">SCUBA</collectionCode>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="134C5367FF44FF2154F3FEEE5219CC70" box="[463,627,331,357]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">N.J. de Voogd</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="134C5367FF44FF215743FEEE53B1CC70" box="[639,987,331,357]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Ternate-Halmahera Expedition</collectorName>
|
||
stat. TER.17, field nr. TER.17/021109/ NV185,
|
||
<date id="CA071071FF44FF2155CAFECA51D4CC9C" box="[246,446,367,393]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" value="2009-11-02">
|
||
<collectingDate id="DA43E999FF44FF2155CAFECA51D4CC9C" box="[246,446,367,393]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" value="2009-11-02">2 November 2009</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(white)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF44FF21571EFECA52A7CCB8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466816" collectionCode="RMNH" country="Indonesia" county="Por." elevation="15" latitude="1.46097" location="Tanjung Nanas Island" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="125.2266" municipality="Lembeh Strait" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">
|
||
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF44FF21571EFECA521CCC9C" box="[546,630,367,393]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="57674E3DFF44FF215740FECA52C3CC9C" box="[636,681,367,393]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Por.</collectingCounty>
|
||
6595,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF44FF2157CEFECA5308CC9C" box="[754,866,367,393]" name="Indonesia" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7C7DF853FF44FF215650FECA53BECC9C" box="[876,980,367,393]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7C7DF853FF44FF2156E2FECA54E7CC9C" box="[990,1165,367,393]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">North Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="5E62ACCBFF44FF2151AAFECA5552CC9C" box="[1174,1336,367,393]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Lembeh Strait</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="BB66606AFF44FF21507DFECA5141CCB8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361087A7FF45FF2655ABF9CD5123CC54:BB66606AFF44FF21507DFECA5141CCB8" country="Indonesia" county="Por." latitude="1.46097" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="125.2266" municipality="Lembeh Strait" name="Tanjung Nanas Island" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">Tanjung Nanas Island</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FF44FF21540BFE3651D8CCB8" box="[311,434,403,429]" degrees="1.46097" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" precision="1" value="1.46097">1.46097°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FF44FF215485FE37522BCCB8" box="[441,577,402,429]" degrees="125.2266" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" precision="5" value="125.2266">125.2266°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF44FF2157AEFE3752A7CCB8" box="[658,717,402,429]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" unit="m" value="15.0">
|
||
<elevation id="3594D182FF44FF2157AEFE3752A7CCB8" box="[658,717,402,429]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF44FF2157E5FE3651D0CCC7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466501" collectingDate="2012-02-17" collectionCode="SCUBA" collectorName="N. J. de Voogd" country="Indonesia" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">
|
||
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF44FF2157E5FE365353CCB8" box="[729,825,403,429]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">SCUBA</collectionCode>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="134C5367FF44FF215641FE365475CCB8" box="[893,1055,403,429]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">N.J. de Voogd</collectorName>
|
||
, field nr. LEM33/170212/NV283,
|
||
<date id="CA071071FF44FF2155ABFE125134CCC4" box="[151,350,439,465]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" value="2012-02-17">
|
||
<collectingDate id="DA43E999FF44FF2155ABFE125134CCC4" box="[151,350,439,465]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" value="2012-02-17">17 February 2012</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(white)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFF44FF2555FBFE7F5393CE48" lastPageId="133" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF44FF2155FBFE7F53D0CF74" blockId="129.[151,1436,150,609]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF44FF2155FBFE7F513BCCE1" bold="true" box="[199,337,474,500]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Description</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF44FF21545FFE7E51D1CCE0" box="[355,443,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 82" captionStartId="129.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[163,1423,633,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-212@129.[163,1423,633,1885]" captionTargetPageId="129" captionText="FIGURE 82. Mycale (Mycale) aff. grandis (Gray, 1867), white colored specimens, habitus in situ, a, ZMA Por. 14549 from N Sulawesi, Indonesia, b, detail of same, c, RMNH Por. 3699 from N Sulawesi, Indonesia, d, RMNH Por. 6595 from N Sulawesi, Indonesia, e, detail of same, f, ZMA Por. 18757 from Thailand." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451133" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451133/files/figure.png" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Figs 82</figureCitation>
|
||
a–f, 83a, 84a). Thickly encrusting to massively lobate epilithic sponges, with punctate smooth surface, white colored in life, white-beige in preserved condition. Size often considerable (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF44FF21503BFE5A5500CF0C" box="[1287,1386,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 83" captionStartId="130.[151,250,1811,1835]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1787]" captionTargetId="figure-26@130.[151,1435,181,1787]" captionTargetPageId="130" captionText="FIGURE 83. Mycale (Mycale) aff. grandis (Gray, 1867), white colored specimens, a, preserved habitus of ZMA Por. 14549 from N Sulawesi, Indonesia (scale bar = 1 cm), b–e, light microscopic images of skeleton from ZMA Por. 08996 (b,e) and RMNH Por. 6595 (c–d) both from Indonesia, b, cross section of peripheral skeleton, c, cross section of choanosomal skeleton, d, tangential ectosomal skeleton, e, peripheral skeletal tracts with ‘echinating’ anisochelae Ib." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451135" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451135/files/figure.png" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Fig. 83a</figureCitation>
|
||
), up to 20 x
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF44FF2155D1FD875159CF28" box="[237,307,546,573]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" unit="cm" value="15.0">15 cm</quantity>
|
||
in lateral expansion, up to
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF44FF21575AFD8652C6CF28" box="[614,684,547,573]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
|
||
thick. Oscules in life may be up to
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF44FF215103FD86541CCF28" box="[1087,1142,547,573]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, contracted in preservation to a few mm. Consistency firm, hard, barely compressible.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="EAC66639FF44FF2155ABF8D05372CAC0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451133" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4451133" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451133/files/figure.png" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" startId="129.[151,250,1909,1933]" targetBox="[163,1423,633,1885]" targetPageId="129">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF44FF2155ABF8D05372CAC0" blockId="129.[151,1436,1909,2006]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF44FF2155ABF8D05173CA98" bold="true" box="[151,281,1909,1933]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">FIGURE 82</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF44FF21541BF8D052B0CA98" authority="(Gray, 1867)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[295,730,1909,1934]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="grandis" subGenus="Mycale">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF44FF21541BF8D051B9CA98" box="[295,467,1909,1933]" italics="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Mycale (Mycale)</emphasis>
|
||
aff.
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF44FF21573EF8D05225CA98" box="[514,591,1909,1933]" italics="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">grandis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF44FF215761F8D352B8CA98" author="Gray, J. E." box="[605,722,1909,1934]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" pagination="492 - 558" refId="ref131696" refString="Gray, J. E. (1867) Notes on the Arrangement of Sponges, with the Descriptions of some New Genera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1867 (2), 492 - 558, pls. XXVII-XXVIII." type="journal article" year="1867">Gray, 1867</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, white colored specimens, habitus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF44FF215100F8D35411CA98" box="[1084,1147,1910,1933]" class="Demospongiae" family="Irciniidae" genus="Ircinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="129" pageNumber="47" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="situ">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF44FF215100F8D35411CA98" box="[1084,1147,1910,1933]" italics="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a, ZMA Por. 14549 from N Sulawesi, Indonesia, b, detail of same, c, RMNH Por. 3699 from N Sulawesi, Indonesia, d, RMNH Por. 6595 from N Sulawesi, Indonesia, e, detail of same, f, ZMA Por. 18757 from Thailand.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="EAC66639FF47FF2255ABF8B65423CA82" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451135" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4451135" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451135/files/figure.png" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" startId="130.[151,250,1811,1835]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1787]" targetPageId="130">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF47FF2255ABF8B65423CA82" blockId="130.[151,1437,1811,1943]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF47FF2255ABF8B65171CA3E" bold="true" box="[151,283,1811,1835]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">FIGURE 83</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF47FF225415F8B6528ECA3E" authority="(Gray, 1867)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[297,740,1811,1835]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="grandis" subGenus="Mycale">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF47FF225415F8B651BDCA3E" box="[297,471,1811,1835]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Mycale (Mycale)</emphasis>
|
||
aff.
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF47FF225735F8B6523CCA3E" box="[521,598,1811,1835]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">grandis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF47FF22575AF8B652B6CA3E" author="Gray, J. E." box="[614,732,1811,1835]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" pagination="492 - 558" refId="ref131696" refString="Gray, J. E. (1867) Notes on the Arrangement of Sponges, with the Descriptions of some New Genera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1867 (2), 492 - 558, pls. XXVII-XXVIII." type="journal article" year="1867">Gray, 1867</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, white colored specimens, a, preserved habitus of ZMA Por. 14549 from N Sulawesi, Indonesia (scale bar = 1 cm), b–e, light microscopic images of skeleton from ZMA Por. 08996 (b,e) and RMNH Por. 6595 (c–d) both from Indonesia, b, cross section of peripheral skeleton, c, cross section of choanosomal skeleton, d, tangential ectosomal skeleton, e, peripheral skeletal tracts with ‘echinating’ anisochelae Ib.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="EAC66639FF46FF2355ABF8EE55E4CAB9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451137" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4451137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451137/files/figure.png" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" startId="131.[151,250,1867,1891]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1844]" targetPageId="131">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF46FF2355ABF8EE55E4CAB9" blockId="131.[151,1436,1867,1964]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF46FF2355ABF8EE5172CA71" bold="true" box="[151,280,1867,1892]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">FIGURE 84</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF46FF235418F8E952B9CA71" authority="(Gray, 1867)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[292,723,1868,1892]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="grandis" subGenus="Mycale">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF46FF235418F8E951BACA71" box="[292,464,1868,1892]" italics="true" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Mycale (Mycale)</emphasis>
|
||
aff.
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF46FF2354C1F8E95220CA71" box="[509,586,1868,1892]" italics="true" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">grandis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF46FF23576BF8E952A1CA71" author="Gray, J. E." box="[599,715,1868,1892]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" pagination="492 - 558" refId="ref131696" refString="Gray, J. E. (1867) Notes on the Arrangement of Sponges, with the Descriptions of some New Genera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1867 (2), 492 - 558, pls. XXVII-XXVIII." type="journal article" year="1867">Gray, 1867</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, white colored specimen, RMNH Por. 5434 from Ternate, Indonesia, a, preserved habitus (scale bar = 1 cm), b–h, SEM images of spicules, b, mycalostyle, b1, details of mycalostyle, c,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF46FF2351C6F8D555EACA92" authority="Ia" authorityName="Ia" box="[1274,1408,1904,1928]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anisochela">anisochela Ia</taxonomicName>
|
||
, d,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF46FF2355ABF8315171CABE" authority="II" authorityName="II" box="[151,283,1940,1964]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anisochela">anisochela II</taxonomicName>
|
||
, d1, enlarged
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF46FF235495F8315247CABE" authority="II" authorityName="II" box="[425,557,1940,1964]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anisochela">anisochela II</taxonomicName>
|
||
, e,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF46FF23576CF83152B7CABE" authority="III" authorityName="III" box="[592,733,1940,1964]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anisochela">anisochela III</taxonomicName>
|
||
, e1, enlarged
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF46FF235655F831539CCABE" authority="III" authorityName="III" box="[873,1014,1940,1964]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anisochela">anisochela III</taxonomicName>
|
||
, f, sigma I, g, sigma II, h, trichodragma.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF41FF2455FBFF33538DCC9C" blockId="132.[151,1437,150,609]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF41FF2455FBFF335144CDA5" bold="true" box="[199,302,150,176]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Skeleton</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF41FF24547CFF3251F2CDA7" box="[320,408,151,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 83" captionStartId="130.[151,250,1811,1835]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1787]" captionTargetId="figure-26@130.[151,1435,181,1787]" captionTargetPageId="130" captionText="FIGURE 83. Mycale (Mycale) aff. grandis (Gray, 1867), white colored specimens, a, preserved habitus of ZMA Por. 14549 from N Sulawesi, Indonesia (scale bar = 1 cm), b–e, light microscopic images of skeleton from ZMA Por. 08996 (b,e) and RMNH Por. 6595 (c–d) both from Indonesia, b, cross section of peripheral skeleton, c, cross section of choanosomal skeleton, d, tangential ectosomal skeleton, e, peripheral skeletal tracts with ‘echinating’ anisochelae Ib." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451135" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451135/files/figure.png" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Figs 83</figureCitation>
|
||
b–e). Choanosomal skeleton plumoreticulate with thick spicule tracts of up to
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF41FF24501BFF3355F7CDA4" box="[1319,1437,150,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 mm</quantity>
|
||
diameter dividing towards the surface into tracts of
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF41FF2457E4FF1E530DCDC0" box="[728,871,187,213]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="450.0" valueMax="600.0" valueMin="300.0">300–600 µm</quantity>
|
||
diameter. Main tracts are irregularly connected by thinner tracts of approximately
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF41FF2454CAFF7A52E2CDEC" box="[502,648,223,249]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="400.0" valueMax="600.0" valueMin="200.0">200–600 µm</quantity>
|
||
. Spicule tracts closely to the surface are echinated by individual anisochelae I, these are not crowded and do not form rosettes. Meshes of the choanosomal skeleton are up to
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF41FF245035FEA65523CC08" box="[1289,1353,259,285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
|
||
in size, which causes the punctate aspects of live specimens. Ectosomal skeleton is a tangential layer of confused single intercrossing megascleres. Anisochelae are distributed individually or in small groups along the subectosomal tracts. Trichodragmas are scattered throughout the sponge, often in great numbers.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF41FF2455FBFE375155CCC4" blockId="132.[151,1437,150,609]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF41FF2455FBFE375143CCB9" bold="true" box="[199,297,402,428]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Spicules</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF41FF245405FE3651F4CCB8" box="[313,414,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 83" captionStartId="130.[151,250,1811,1835]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1787]" captionTargetId="figure-26@130.[151,1435,181,1787]" captionTargetPageId="130" captionText="FIGURE 83. Mycale (Mycale) aff. grandis (Gray, 1867), white colored specimens, a, preserved habitus of ZMA Por. 14549 from N Sulawesi, Indonesia (scale bar = 1 cm), b–e, light microscopic images of skeleton from ZMA Por. 08996 (b,e) and RMNH Por. 6595 (c–d) both from Indonesia, b, cross section of peripheral skeleton, c, cross section of choanosomal skeleton, d, tangential ectosomal skeleton, e, peripheral skeletal tracts with ‘echinating’ anisochelae Ib." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451135" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451135/files/figure.png" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Figs 83e</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF41FF245497FE3651ADCCB8" box="[427,455,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 84" captionStartId="131.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-19@131.[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="131" captionText="FIGURE 84. Mycale (Mycale) aff. grandis (Gray, 1867), white colored specimen, RMNH Por. 5434 from Ternate, Indonesia, a, preserved habitus (scale bar = 1 cm), b–h, SEM images of spicules, b, mycalostyle, b1, details of mycalostyle, c, anisochela Ia, d, anisochela II, d1, enlarged anisochela II, e, anisochela III, e1, enlarged anisochela III, f, sigma I, g, sigma II, h, trichodragma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451137/files/figure.png" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">84</figureCitation>
|
||
b–h, 85). Mycalostyles, three/four categories of anisochelae, two categories of sigmas, trichodragmas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF41FF2455FBFE7E531DCF0C" blockId="132.[151,1437,150,609]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">
|
||
Mycalostyles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF41FF245456FE7E518DCCE3" box="[362,487,475,502]" captionStart="FIGURE 84" captionStartId="131.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-19@131.[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="131" captionText="FIGURE 84. Mycale (Mycale) aff. grandis (Gray, 1867), white colored specimen, RMNH Por. 5434 from Ternate, Indonesia, a, preserved habitus (scale bar = 1 cm), b–h, SEM images of spicules, b, mycalostyle, b1, details of mycalostyle, c, anisochela Ia, d, anisochela II, d1, enlarged anisochela II, e, anisochela III, e1, enlarged anisochela III, f, sigma I, g, sigma II, h, trichodragma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451137/files/figure.png" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Figs 84b,b</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF41FF2454D4FE7E5198CCE3" box="[488,498,475,502]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-111@6.[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. A. Numbers of available specimens for the present study from the collections of the Naturalis Biodiversity Center distributed over Indo-West Pacific Marine Ecoregions (MEOWS, cf. Spalding et al. 2007). B. Ditto for type specimens and additional specimens from other institutions consulted for this study." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450932/files/figure.png" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">1</figureCitation>
|
||
), usually curved, with heads elongate and with faintly developed neck, pointed often mucronate or bluntly rounded, 444–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF41FF245717FE5A5200CF0C" box="[555,618,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">571.3</emphasis>
|
||
–660 x 10–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF41FF2457D4FE5A5373CF0C" box="[744,793,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">15.2</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF41FF245614FE5A5319CF0C" box="[808,883,511,537]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="21.0">21 µm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF41FF2455FBFD865202CF74" blockId="132.[151,1437,150,609]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">
|
||
Anisochelae I, in most specimens divisible in two overlapping size categories which also have subtle different shapes, here dubbed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF41FF2454BCFDE25202CF74" authority="Ia and Ib." authorityName="Ia and Ib." box="[384,616,583,609]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anisochela">anisochela Ia and Ib.</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="EAC66639FF41FF2455ABF8EA529CCAC6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451139" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4451139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451139/files/figure.png" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" startId="132.[151,250,1871,1895]" targetBox="[156,1432,633,1848]" targetPageId="132">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF41FF2455ABF8EA529CCAC6" blockId="132.[151,1437,1871,2003]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF41FF2455ABF8EA514BCA72" bold="true" box="[151,289,1871,1895]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">FIGURE 85.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF41FF24541BF8EA52DECA72" authority="(Gray, 1867)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[295,692,1871,1895]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="grandis" subGenus="Mycale">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF41FF24541BF8EA5242CA72" box="[295,552,1871,1895]" italics="true" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Mycale (Mycale) grandis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF41FF24570BF8EA52C6CA72" author="Gray, J. E." box="[567,684,1871,1895]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" pagination="492 - 558" refId="ref131696" refString="Gray, J. E. (1867) Notes on the Arrangement of Sponges, with the Descriptions of some New Genera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1867 (2), 492 - 558, pls. XXVII-XXVIII." type="journal article" year="1867">Gray, 1867</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, comparison of anisochelae Ia to demonstrate similarity of red and white specimens. Upper row red specimens, lower row white specimens; at the upper right, anisochela I of holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF41FF24503FF8D65171CABA" authority="Thiele, 1903" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1903" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="armata">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF41FF24503FF8D655F6CA9E" box="[1283,1436,1907,1931]" italics="true" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Mycale armata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF41FF2455ABF8325171CABA" author="Thiele, J." box="[151,283,1943,1967]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" pagination="933 - 968" refId="ref136517" refString="Thiele, J. (1903) Kieselschwamme von Ternate. II. Abhandlungen herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 25, 933 - 968, pl. XVIII." type="journal article" year="1903">Thiele, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ZMB 3157 (=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF41FF2454FCF83252F9CABA" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[448,659,1943,1967]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="grandis" subGenus="Mycale">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF41FF2454FCF83252F9CABA" box="[448,659,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Mycale (M.) grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) of which no live color is known, and the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF41FF2451ECF83251A8CAC6" authority="De Laubenfels, 1954" authorityName="De Laubenfels" authorityYear="1954" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Oxymycale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="strongylophora">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF41FF2451ECF832508DCAC6" italics="true" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Oxymycale strongylophora</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF41FF2455D2F81951A8CAC6" author="De Laubenfels, M. W. de" box="[238,450,1979,2003]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" pagination="1 - 306" refId="ref130208" refString="De Laubenfels, M. W. de (1954) The Sponges of the West-Central Pacific. Oregon State Monographs, Studies in Zoology, 7, i-x + 1 - 306, pls. I-XII. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 6516" type="journal article" year="1954">De Laubenfels, 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF41FF2454D9F81E52DFCAC6" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[485,693,1979,2003]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="grandis" subGenus="Mycale">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF41FF2454D9F81E52DFCAC6" box="[485,693,1979,2003]" italics="true" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Mycale (M.) grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’red’).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF40FF2555FBFF325503CC54" blockId="133.[151,1437,150,933]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">
|
||
Anisochelae Ia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF40FF2554BFFF325180CDA4" box="[387,490,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 84" captionStartId="131.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-19@131.[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="131" captionText="FIGURE 84. Mycale (Mycale) aff. grandis (Gray, 1867), white colored specimen, RMNH Por. 5434 from Ternate, Indonesia, a, preserved habitus (scale bar = 1 cm), b–h, SEM images of spicules, b, mycalostyle, b1, details of mycalostyle, c, anisochela Ia, d, anisochela II, d1, enlarged anisochela II, e, anisochela III, e1, enlarged anisochela III, f, sigma I, g, sigma II, h, trichodragma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451137/files/figure.png" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Figs 84c</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF40FF2554C5FF335272CDA4" box="[505,536,150,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 85" captionStartId="132.[151,250,1871,1895]" captionTargetBox="[156,1432,633,1848]" captionTargetId="figure-207@132.[156,1432,633,1848]" captionTargetPageId="132" captionText="FIGURE 85. Mycale (Mycale) grandis (Gray, 1867), comparison of anisochelae Ia to demonstrate similarity of red and white specimens. Upper row red specimens, lower row white specimens; at the upper right, anisochela I of holotype of Mycale armata Thiele, 1903, ZMB 3157 (= Mycale (M.) grandis) of which no live color is known, and the holotype of Oxymycale strongylophora De Laubenfels, 1954 (= Mycale (M.) grandis’red’)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451139/files/figure.png" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">85</figureCitation>
|
||
), usually exceeding
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF40FF25563AFF32530ACDA4" box="[774,864,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 µm</quantity>
|
||
in length, with characteristic, strongly developed upper alae standing off from the shaft; upper alae are often sharply pointed, especially the lateral ones, but more rounded rims are not infrequent; shaft straight until just above the lower alae, where the lateral alae are positioned slightly higher along the shaft than the median alae; rims of the lower lateral alae are rounded, median lower alae are broad and the rims may be somewhat irregular in outline; sizes variable among specimens, 96–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF40FF2551FCFE825497CC54" box="[1216,1277,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">112.5</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF40FF255030FE82550FCC54" box="[1292,1381,295,321]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" unit="mm" value="147.0">147 µm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF40FF2555FBFEEE5555CCB8" blockId="133.[151,1437,150,933]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">
|
||
Anisochelae Ib (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF40FF2554BDFEEE518BCC70" box="[385,481,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 83" captionStartId="130.[151,250,1811,1835]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1787]" captionTargetId="figure-26@130.[151,1435,181,1787]" captionTargetPageId="130" captionText="FIGURE 83. Mycale (Mycale) aff. grandis (Gray, 1867), white colored specimens, a, preserved habitus of ZMA Por. 14549 from N Sulawesi, Indonesia (scale bar = 1 cm), b–e, light microscopic images of skeleton from ZMA Por. 08996 (b,e) and RMNH Por. 6595 (c–d) both from Indonesia, b, cross section of peripheral skeleton, c, cross section of choanosomal skeleton, d, tangential ectosomal skeleton, e, peripheral skeletal tracts with ‘echinating’ anisochelae Ib." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451135" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451135/files/figure.png" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Fig. 83e</figureCitation>
|
||
), more or less of the same shape as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF40FF255644FEEE5464CC70" authority="Ia" authorityName="Ia" box="[888,1038,331,357]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anisochela">anisochela Ia</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but with shorter shaft. This causes the spicule to look slightly different due to changed proportions of upper alae; the spicule is often rare, but can always be found and may occasionally be more common than anisochelae Ia; size variable, 56–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF40FF25518CFE36548BCCB8" box="[1200,1249,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">73.2</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF40FF2551CCFE365551CCB8" box="[1264,1339,403,429]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" unit="mm" value="84.0">84 µm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF40FF2555FBFE1252B4CF28" blockId="133.[151,1437,150,933]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">
|
||
Anisochelae II (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF40FF255444FE12519ECCC7" box="[376,500,439,466]" captionStart="FIGURE 84" captionStartId="131.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-19@131.[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="131" captionText="FIGURE 84. Mycale (Mycale) aff. grandis (Gray, 1867), white colored specimen, RMNH Por. 5434 from Ternate, Indonesia, a, preserved habitus (scale bar = 1 cm), b–h, SEM images of spicules, b, mycalostyle, b1, details of mycalostyle, c, anisochela Ia, d, anisochela II, d1, enlarged anisochela II, e, anisochela III, e1, enlarged anisochela III, f, sigma I, g, sigma II, h, trichodragma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451137/files/figure.png" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Figs 84d,d</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF40FF2554C9FE125195CCC7" box="[501,511,439,466]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-111@6.[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. A. Numbers of available specimens for the present study from the collections of the Naturalis Biodiversity Center distributed over Indo-West Pacific Marine Ecoregions (MEOWS, cf. Spalding et al. 2007). B. Ditto for type specimens and additional specimens from other institutions consulted for this study." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450932/files/figure.png" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">1</figureCitation>
|
||
), robust, with free part of shaft short (on average 15% of spicule length), with upper alae long (average 60% of spicule length), curved slightly inwards, rims rounded, median upper alae often grooved; lower alae well-developed, median lower alae with rounded rim or tending to form a bluntly pointed rim; spicule may be rare or more common; size 24–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF40FF255772FD865215CF28" box="[590,639,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">28.1</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF40FF2557B2FD8652B3CF28" box="[654,729,547,573]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" unit="mm" value="36.0">36 µm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF40FF2555FBFDE252F5CFBC" blockId="133.[151,1437,150,933]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">
|
||
Anisochelae III (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF40FF2554B9FDE2526BCF74" box="[389,513,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 84" captionStartId="131.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-19@131.[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="131" captionText="FIGURE 84. Mycale (Mycale) aff. grandis (Gray, 1867), white colored specimen, RMNH Por. 5434 from Ternate, Indonesia, a, preserved habitus (scale bar = 1 cm), b–h, SEM images of spicules, b, mycalostyle, b1, details of mycalostyle, c, anisochela Ia, d, anisochela II, d1, enlarged anisochela II, e, anisochela III, e1, enlarged anisochela III, f, sigma I, g, sigma II, h, trichodragma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451137/files/figure.png" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Figs 84e,e</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF40FF25573DFDE25261CF74" box="[513,523,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-111@6.[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. A. Numbers of available specimens for the present study from the collections of the Naturalis Biodiversity Center distributed over Indo-West Pacific Marine Ecoregions (MEOWS, cf. Spalding et al. 2007). B. Ditto for type specimens and additional specimens from other institutions consulted for this study." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450932/files/figure.png" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">1</figureCitation>
|
||
), with dominant upper alae (40–60% of spicule length), with lower alae reduced to stick-like extension of the shaft, lacking any bladed extensions laterally or medially, with prominent spur on the distal part of the spicule; size 14–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF40FF25572CFD2B522BCFBD" box="[528,577,654,680]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">16.3</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF40FF25576CFD2A52F1CFBC" box="[592,667,655,681]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" unit="mm" value="21.0">21 µm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF40FF2555FBFD1650AECFE4" blockId="133.[151,1437,150,933]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">
|
||
Sigmas I (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF40FF255406FD1651F2CFDB" box="[314,408,691,718]" captionStart="FIGURE 84" captionStartId="131.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-19@131.[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="131" captionText="FIGURE 84. Mycale (Mycale) aff. grandis (Gray, 1867), white colored specimen, RMNH Por. 5434 from Ternate, Indonesia, a, preserved habitus (scale bar = 1 cm), b–h, SEM images of spicules, b, mycalostyle, b1, details of mycalostyle, c, anisochela Ia, d, anisochela II, d1, enlarged anisochela II, e, anisochela III, e1, enlarged anisochela III, f, sigma I, g, sigma II, h, trichodragma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451137/files/figure.png" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Fig. 84f</figureCitation>
|
||
), thin, on average
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF40FF25575AFD1652C8CFD8" box="[614,674,691,717]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 µm</quantity>
|
||
in thickness or less, usually slightly asymmetrical, size 41–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF40FF25507DFD165518CFD8" box="[1345,1394,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">57.3</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF40FF2550BDFD1650AACFE4" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" unit="mm" value="73.0">73 µm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF40FF2555FBFD5E51E9CE2C" blockId="133.[151,1437,150,933]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">
|
||
Sigmas II (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF40FF25547DFD5E51C8CE00" box="[321,418,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 84" captionStartId="131.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-19@131.[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="131" captionText="FIGURE 84. Mycale (Mycale) aff. grandis (Gray, 1867), white colored specimen, RMNH Por. 5434 from Ternate, Indonesia, a, preserved habitus (scale bar = 1 cm), b–h, SEM images of spicules, b, mycalostyle, b1, details of mycalostyle, c, anisochela Ia, d, anisochela II, d1, enlarged anisochela II, e, anisochela III, e1, enlarged anisochela III, f, sigma I, g, sigma II, h, trichodragma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451137/files/figure.png" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF40FF255448FD5E51C8CE00" box="[372,418,763,789]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="8.4" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" unit="g" value="84.0">84g</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
), thin, on average
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF40FF255751FD5E52CDCE00" box="[621,679,763,789]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 µm</quantity>
|
||
in thickness, similar in shape to sigma I, but slightly more incurved, size 14–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF40FF2555C8FCBA514FCE2C" box="[244,293,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">17.5</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF40FF25540FFCBA5115CE2C" box="[307,383,799,825]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" unit="mm" value="22.0">22 µm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF40FF2555ABFCE65393CE48" blockId="133.[151,1437,150,933]" box="[151,1017,834,862]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">
|
||
Trichodragmas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF40FF255473FCE651DBCE4B" box="[335,433,835,862]" captionStart="FIGURE 84" captionStartId="131.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-19@131.[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="131" captionText="FIGURE 84. Mycale (Mycale) aff. grandis (Gray, 1867), white colored specimen, RMNH Por. 5434 from Ternate, Indonesia, a, preserved habitus (scale bar = 1 cm), b–h, SEM images of spicules, b, mycalostyle, b1, details of mycalostyle, c, anisochela Ia, d, anisochela II, d1, enlarged anisochela II, e, anisochela III, e1, enlarged anisochela III, f, sigma I, g, sigma II, h, trichodragma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451137/files/figure.png" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Fig. 84h</figureCitation>
|
||
), fusiform shape, size 27–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF40FF2557EAFCE7536DCE49" box="[726,775,834,860]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">65.3</emphasis>
|
||
–92 x 9–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF40FF255655FCE653F0CE48" box="[873,922,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">10.1</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF40FF255696FCE6539ECE48" box="[938,1012,835,861]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 µm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFF40FF2555FBFCC3548ECEB0" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF40FF2555FBFCC3548ECEB0" blockId="133.[151,1437,150,933]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF40FF2555FBFCC3519BCE94" bold="true" box="[199,497,870,897]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Distribution and ecology</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF40FF25573DFCC2523DCE97" box="[513,599,871,898]" captionStart="FIGURE 86" captionStartId="133.[151,250,1373,1397]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,957,1349]" captionTargetId="figure-373@133.[151,1437,957,1349]" captionTargetPageId="133" captionText="FIGURE 86. Mycale (Mycale) grandis (Gray, 1867) s.l., approximate distribution of specimens studied (red and open squares) and literature records (pink dots). Squares and dots may represent several close collecting localities. Solid red squares = M. (M.) grandis ’red’, open squares = M. (M.) aff. grandis ‘white’." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451141" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451141/files/figure.png" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Fig. 86</figureCitation>
|
||
). In our material, most specimens were limited to northeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF40FF255014FCC255F2CE94" box="[1320,1432,871,897]" name="Indonesia" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, usually in deeper reef parts; one specimen was collected in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF40FF25560CFC2E53FDCEB0" box="[816,919,907,933]" name="Thailand" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Shallow reefs down to
|
||
<specimenCount id="A8BFFD38FF40FF255198FC2F548ECEB0" box="[1188,1252,906,933]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF40FF255198FC2F548ACEB0" box="[1188,1248,906,933]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" unit="m" value="35.0">35 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="EAC66639FF40FF2555ABFAF85282C8A8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451141" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4451141" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451141/files/figure.png" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" startId="133.[151,250,1373,1397]" targetBox="[151,1437,957,1349]" targetPageId="133">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF40FF2555ABFAF85282C8A8" blockId="133.[151,1436,1373,1469]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF40FF2555ABFAF85173C860" bold="true" box="[151,281,1373,1397]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">FIGURE 86</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF40FF25541AFAF852C6C860" authority="(Gray, 1867)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[294,684,1373,1397]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="grandis" subGenus="Mycale">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF40FF25541AFAF8524FC860" box="[294,549,1373,1397]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Mycale (Mycale) grandis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF40FF25570FFAF852CFC860" author="Gray, J. E." box="[563,677,1373,1397]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" pagination="492 - 558" refId="ref131696" refString="Gray, J. E. (1867) Notes on the Arrangement of Sponges, with the Descriptions of some New Genera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1867 (2), 492 - 558, pls. XXVII-XXVIII." type="journal article" year="1867">Gray, 1867</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="97FE57D8FF40FF25578FFAF852BBC860" box="[691,721,1373,1397]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, approximate distribution of specimens studied (red and open squares) and literature records (pink dots). Squares and dots may represent several close collecting localities. Solid red squares =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF40FF255073FA27508EC8A8" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1867" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="grandis" subGenus="Mycale">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF40FF255073FA27508EC8A8" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">M. (M.) grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’red’, open squares =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF40FF2554FBFA0352FBC8A8" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[455,657,1445,1469]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="grandis" subGenus="Mycale">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF40FF2554FBFA03527CC8A9" box="[455,534,1445,1469]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">M. (M.)</emphasis>
|
||
aff.
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF40FF255778FA0052FBC8A8" box="[580,657,1445,1469]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
‘white’.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFF40FF2655FBFA4E5123CC54" lastPageId="134" lastPageNumber="135" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF40FF2555FBFA4E5287CBAC" blockId="133.[151,1437,1515,2010]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF40FF2555FBFA4E515ECB10" bold="true" box="[199,308,1515,1541]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. One of us (NJdV) collected specimens from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="61028813FF40FF25566AFA4953ECCB13" box="[854,902,1516,1542]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF40FF2556D2FA4E542CCB10" box="[1006,1094,1515,1541]" name="Indonesia" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Ternate</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF40FF25516DFA4E54AACB13" box="[1105,1216,1515,1542]" name="Indonesia" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
) of Thiele’s
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF40FF255076FA4E5082CB3C" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1903" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="armata">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF40FF255076FA4E5082CB3C" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Mycale armata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and these were white. It is thus tempting to assume that Thiele’s species could be valid as distinctly different in color from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF40FF25540EF9965227CB58" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[306,589,1587,1613]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="grandis" subGenus="Mycale">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF40FF25540EF9965227CB58" box="[306,589,1587,1613]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Mycale (Mycale) grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, there is no definite evidence that Thiele’s material was white, so we adopt here the assumption that it probably was red as most of the specimens we examined were red if live color was reported. The white form is apparently more rare and has a more restricted distribution, known from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF40FF255013F9DE55F6CB80" box="[1327,1436,1659,1685]" name="Indonesia" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF40FF2555FAF93A5146CBAC" box="[198,300,1695,1721]" name="Thailand" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but so far not reported from elsewhere.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF40FF2655FBF9615123CC54" blockId="133.[151,1437,1515,2010]" lastBlockId="134.[151,1437,151,321]" lastPageId="134" lastPageNumber="135" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">
|
||
We could find no consistent spicular difference with red/orange colored members of the species (see
|
||
<tableCitation id="F33B030AFF40FF255005F96655E4CBCB" box="[1337,1422,1731,1758]" captionStart="TABLE 7" captionStartId="134.[151,239,368,392]" captionText="TABLE 7. Comparison of Mycale (Mycale) grandis Gray, 1867 ‘red’ and Mycale (Mycale) aff. grandis ‘white’. Specimens M. (M.) grandis ‘red’: lectotype slide BMNH 1867.3.11.60, type slide Esperia pellucida BMNH 1882.2.23.224, type slides Esperia indica BMNH 1887.6.1.2, type Oxymycale strongylophora USNM 22937, ZMA Por. 01582, 01584, 01588, 01885, 02887, 07979, 08997, 09556, 09809, 10849, 11157, 11293, 11679, 12145, 12554, 13017, 13026, 18679, RMNH Por. 2596, 8679. Specimens M. (M.) aff. grandis’white’: ZMA Por. 08554, 08966, 14549, RMNH Por. 3699, 5434, 6595 (cf. text for locality data of the specimens). AIa= anisochelae Ia, AIb= anisochelae Ib, AII = anisochelae II, AIII is anisochelae III, SI = sigmas I, SII = sigmas II, Tr = trichodragmas." pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Table 7</tableCitation>
|
||
). To emphasize this, we compared in
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF40FF255714F9425212CA17" box="[552,632,1767,1794]" captionStart="FIGURE 85" captionStartId="132.[151,250,1871,1895]" captionTargetBox="[156,1432,633,1848]" captionTargetId="figure-207@132.[156,1432,633,1848]" captionTargetPageId="132" captionText="FIGURE 85. Mycale (Mycale) grandis (Gray, 1867), comparison of anisochelae Ia to demonstrate similarity of red and white specimens. Upper row red specimens, lower row white specimens; at the upper right, anisochela I of holotype of Mycale armata Thiele, 1903, ZMB 3157 (= Mycale (M.) grandis) of which no live color is known, and the holotype of Oxymycale strongylophora De Laubenfels, 1954 (= Mycale (M.) grandis’red’)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451139/files/figure.png" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Fig. 85</figureCitation>
|
||
anisochelae Ia of six red specimens + the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF40FF25516DF9425496CA14" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1903" box="[1105,1276,1767,1793]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="armata">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF40FF25516DF9425496CA14" box="[1105,1276,1767,1793]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Mycale armata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<typeStatus id="61028813FF40FF25503EF94D5558CA17" box="[1282,1330,1768,1794]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of which no color was known (upper row), with anisochelae Ia of four white specimens (lower row), and found them to be clearly similar to one another. Compare also spicule packages of
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF40FF25564CF88A53ACCA5C" box="[880,966,1839,1865]" captionStart="FIGURE 79" captionStartId="124.[151,250,1899,1923]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,417,1876]" captionTargetId="figure-145@124.[160,1427,417,1876]" captionTargetPageId="124" captionText="FIGURE 79. Mycale (Mycale) grandis (Gray, 1867), red colored specimens, a–c, light microscopic images of skeleton of RMNH Por. 2896 from Singapore, a, tangential ectosomal skeleton, b, cross section of peripheral choanosomal skeleton, c, spicule tract ‘echinated’ by anisochelae I, d–k, ZMA Por. 07979 from Indonesia, SEM images of spicules, d, mycalostyle, d1, details of mycalostyle, e, anisochela Ia, f, anisochela Ib, g, anisochela II, h, anisochela III, i, sigma I, j, sigma II, k, trichodragma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451126" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451126/files/figure.png" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Figs 79</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF40FF2556EEF88A5384CA5C" box="[978,1006,1839,1865]" captionStart="FIGURE 80" captionStartId="125.[151,250,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,345,1846]" captionTargetId="figure-76@125.[151,1435,345,1846]" captionTargetPageId="125" captionText="FIGURE 80. Mycale (Mycale) grandis (Gray, 1867), red colored specimens, ZMA Por. 11157 from the Seychelles, a, preserved habitus on coral fragment (arrow) (scale bar = 1 cm), b–j, SEM images of spicules, b, mycalostyle, b1, details of mycalostyle, c, anisochela Ia, d, anisochela Ib, e, anisochela II, e1, ditto enlarged, f, anisochela III, f1, ditto enlarged, g, sigma I, h, sigma II, i, long trichodragma, j, short trichodragma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451128" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451128/files/figure.png" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">80</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF40FF255118F88A5429CA5C" box="[1060,1091,1839,1865]" captionStart="FIGURE 84" captionStartId="131.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-19@131.[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="131" captionText="FIGURE 84. Mycale (Mycale) aff. grandis (Gray, 1867), white colored specimen, RMNH Por. 5434 from Ternate, Indonesia, a, preserved habitus (scale bar = 1 cm), b–h, SEM images of spicules, b, mycalostyle, b1, details of mycalostyle, c, anisochela Ia, d, anisochela II, d1, enlarged anisochela II, e, anisochela III, e1, enlarged anisochela III, f, sigma I, g, sigma II, h, trichodragma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451137/files/figure.png" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">84</figureCitation>
|
||
. In the field, the two are easily recognized by the white vs the red color and presumably also the more cryptic occurrence of the red form, but it is indeed remarkable that the spiculation does not reflect these differences. A potential parallel is found in West Atlantic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF40FF2555E0F83E52E3CAA0" authority="(Carter, 1882)" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[220,649,1947,1973]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="laevis" subGenus="Mycale">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF40FF2555E0F83E5188CAA0" box="[220,482,1947,1973]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Mycale (Mycale) laevis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF40FF2554CDF83E52EBCAA0" author="Carter, H. J." box="[497,641,1947,1973]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" pagination="346 - 368" refId="ref129390" refString="Carter, H. J. (1882) Some Sponges from the West Indies and Acapulco in the Liverpool Free Museum described, with general and classificatory remarks. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 9 (52), 266 - 301, 346 - 368. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938209459052" type="journal article" year="1882">Carter, 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is known to occur in orange and white forms (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF40FF2551DCF83E55FBCAA0" author="Loh, T. L. & Lopez-Gentil, S. & Song, B. & Pawlik, J. R." box="[1248,1425,1947,1973]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" pagination="205 - 217" refId="ref134173" refString="Loh, T. L., Lopez-Gentil, S., Song, B. & Pawlik, J. R. (2012) Phenotypic variability in the Caribbean Orange Icing sponge Mycale laevis (Demospongiae: Poecilosclerida). Hydrobiologia, 687, 205 - 217. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10750 - 011 - 0806 - 1" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Loh
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF40FF255029F8395527CAA0" box="[1301,1357,1947,1973]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF40FF2555ABF81A518ACACC" baseAuthorityName="Dendy" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[151,480,1983,2009]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassissima" subGenus="Mycale">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF40FF2555ABF81A518ACACC" box="[151,480,1983,2009]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Mycale (Mycale) crassissima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(cf. above) also occurs in a wide range of live colors, including reddish, purplish and whitish or yellow-white shades. Color differences may be less distinctive then presumed at first glance. A further reason for us to choose to name the white form also
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF43FF2657D1FF1E53C9CDC0" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[749,931,187,213]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="grandis" subGenus="Mycale">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF43FF2657D1FF1E53C9CDC0" box="[749,931,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">M. (M.) grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(with ‘aff.’ to acknowledge the differences), is because there is no information on the color of earlier synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF43FF26568AFF7A5406CDEC" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[950,1132,223,249]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="grandis" subGenus="Mycale">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF43FF26568AFF7A5406CDEC" box="[950,1132,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">M. (M.) grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF43FF265141FF7A50B8CC08" authority="Ridley, 1884" authorityName="Ridley" authorityYear="1884" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Esperia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pellucida">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF43FF265141FF7A552ECDEC" box="[1149,1348,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Esperia pellucida</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF43FF265070FF7A50B8CC08" author="Ridley, S. O." pageId="134" pageNumber="135" pagination="1881 - 2" refId="ref135144" refString="Ridley, S. O. (1884) Spongiida. In: Report on the Zoological Collections made in the Indo-Pacific Ocean during the Voyage of H. M. S. ' Alert', 1881 - 2. Taylor & Francis, London, pp. 366 - 482 + 582 - 630, pls. 39 - 43 + 53 - 54." type="book chapter" year="1884">Ridley, 1884</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF43FF2655E2FEA65272CC08" authority="Carter, 1887" authorityName="Carter" authorityYear="1887" box="[222,536,259,285]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Esperia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF43FF2655E2FEA651EECC08" box="[222,388,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Esperia indica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF43FF2654B0FEA65272CC08" author="Carter, H. J." box="[396,536,259,285]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" pagination="61 - 84" refId="ref129570" refString="Carter, H. J. (1887) Report on the Marine Sponges, chiefly from King Island, in the Mergui Archipelago, collected for the Trustees of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, by Dr. John Anderson, F. R. S., Superintendent of the Museum. Journal of the Linnean Society, Zoology, 21 (127 - 128), 61 - 84, pls. 5 - 7. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1887. tb 00381. x" type="journal article" year="1887">Carter, 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF43FF26576DFEA653FFCC08" authority="Thiele, 1903" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1903" box="[593,917,259,285]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="armata">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF43FF26576DFEA65296CC09" box="[593,764,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Mycale armata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF43FF265638FEA653FFCC08" author="Thiele, J." box="[772,917,259,285]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" pagination="933 - 968" refId="ref136517" refString="Thiele, J. (1903) Kieselschwamme von Ternate. II. Abhandlungen herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 25, 933 - 968, pl. XVIII." type="journal article" year="1903">Thiele, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), each of which might compete with any new name proposed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |