treatments-xml/data/34/F1/27/34F1273A48515C21AD9C4A678A82E524.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.100885" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-222-129" ID-Pensoft-UUID="EB7B7C4F9B3357A8AF3B2FFD21E0F597" ModsDocID="1314-2003-222-129" checkinTime="1679617107648" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lu, Chang-Tse, Yang, Ming-Jen, Luo, Min-Xin &amp; Wang, Jenn-Che" docDate="2023" docId="34F1273A48515C21AD9C4A678A82E524" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 222: 129-151" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 222" docPubDate="2023-03-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.100885" docTitle="Aspidistra daibuensis subsp. var. var. longkiauensis C. T. Lu, M. J. Yang &amp; J. C. Wang 2023, var. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="EB7B7C4F9B3357A8AF3B2FFD21E0F597" lastPageNumber="129" masterDocId="EB7B7C4F9B3357A8AF3B2FFD21E0F597" masterDocTitle="Aspidistra daibuensis var. longkiauensis, a new variety of Aspidistra (Asparagaceae) from Taiwan, identified through morphological and genetic analyses" masterLastPageNumber="151" masterPageNumber="129" pageNumber="129" updateTime="1679617409088" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Aspidistra daibuensis var. longkiauensis, a new variety of Aspidistra (Asparagaceae) from Taiwan, identified through morphological and genetic analyses</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lu, Chang-Tse</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1636-4987</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Biological Resources, National Chiayi University, 300 Syuefu Rd., Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">changtse@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Yang, Ming-Jen</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, 88 Ting-Chow Rd., Sec 4, Wenshan, Taipei City 11677, Taiwan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Luo, Min-Xin</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, 88 Ting-Chow Rd., Sec 4, Wenshan, Taipei City 11677, Taiwan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wang, Jenn-Che</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, 88 Ting-Chow Rd., Sec 4, Wenshan, Taipei City 11677, Taiwan</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">biofv017@ntnu.edu.tw</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2023-03-22</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>222</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>129</mods:start>
<mods:end>151</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.100885</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.100885</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-222-129</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">EB7B7C4F9B3357A8AF3B2FFD21E0F597</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:34F1273A48515C21AD9C4A678A82E524" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/34F1273A48515C21AD9C4A678A82E524" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<taxonomicName LSID="34F1273A-4851-5C21-AD9C-4A678A82E524" authority="C. T. Lu, M. J. Yang &amp; J. C. Wang" authorityName="C. T. Lu, M. J. Yang &amp; J. C. Wang" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aspidistra daibuensis subsp. var. var. longkiauensis" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="daibuensis" status="var. nov." subSpecies="var." variety="longkiauensis">Aspidistra daibuensis Hayata var. longkiauensis C.T.Lu, M.J.Yang &amp; J.C.Wang</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="129">var. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Floral comparison of Aspidistra daibuensis var. longkiauensis C. T. Lu, M. J. Yang &amp; J. C. Wang; A. mushaensis Hayata var. mushaensis, and A. daibuensis Hayata var. daibuensis A-G A. daibuensis var. longkiauensis H-N A. mushaensis var. mushaensis O-T A. daibuensis var. daibuensis A, H, O front view of the flower B, I, P lateral view of the flower C, J, Q stigma surface D, K, R half dissection of the perianth tube, showing the pistil and stamens E, L half dissection of the perianth tube and stigma F, M, S half dissection of the perianth tube, showing the stamen G, N, T half dissection of the stigma." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.100885.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828409" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Figs 5A-G</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Illustration of Aspidistra daibuensis var. longkiauensis C. T. Lu, M. J. Yang &amp; J. C. Wang A habit B flower (front view) C flower (lateral view) D half dissection of perianth tube, showing pistil and stamens E stamen F half dissection of pistil." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.100885.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828410" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
, 6 Chinese name: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="瑯嶠蜘蛛抱蛋">瑯嶠蜘蛛抱蛋</normalizedToken>
</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
This new variety is similar to 
<taxonomicName authority="Hayata var. daibuensis" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. daibuensis subsp. var. var. daibuensis" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="daibuensis" subSpecies="var." variety="daibuensis">A. daibuensis Hayata var. daibuensis</taxonomicName>
but can be distinguished by its shorter leaf length (72.24 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
11.68 cm vs. 95.46 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
21.04 cm), smaller ratio of the leaf blade length to width (3.73 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.43 vs. 8.05 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.73), thinner perianth lobe (1.28 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.38 mm vs. 2.79 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.64 mm), longer curve length of the stigma surface (10.98 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.38 mm vs. 16.23 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.45 mm), and larger ratio of the pistil height to stamen height (2.49 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.59 vs. 2.03 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.78). It also resembles 
<taxonomicName authority="Hayata var. mushaensis" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. mushaensis subsp. var. var. mushaensis" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="mushaensis" subSpecies="var." variety="mushaensis">A. mushaensis Hayata var. mushaensis</taxonomicName>
but differs by its smaller ratio of the leaf blade length to width (3.73 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.43 vs. 7.66 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.35), narrower perianth lobe base (5.12 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.12 mm vs. 7.27 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.19 mm), and larger ratio of the pistil height to the stamen height (2.49 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.59 vs. 1.59 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.26).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-06-12" collectorName="M. J. Yang" country="Taiwan" county="Pintung County" elevation="250" location="Shuangliou" municipality="Banyan" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingCounty>Pintung County</collectingCounty>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:34F1273A48515C21AD9C4A678A82E524:F01C7DEEE2A5AA5E0CB2291BE61DF4AB" country="Taiwan" county="Pintung County" municipality="Banyan" name="Shuangliou">Shuangliou</location>
national forest recreation area, 
<collectingMunicipality>Banyan</collectingMunicipality>
trail, elev. 
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="m" value="250.0" valueMax="300.0" valueMin="200.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="m" value="250.0" valueMax="300.0" valueMin="200.0">200-300 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="2020-06-12">12 Jun 2020</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<collectorName>M.J.Yang</collectorName>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
: TAIF; isotype: TNU)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Perennial evergreen herb. Rhizome creeping, 1-1.2 cm in diameter. Internode 0.2-0.4 cm. Cataphylls 3 to 4. Leaves: coriaceous, solitary or rare 2 tufts leaves, blade dark green occasionally with yellow spots; leaf margin with white serrulate, parallel venation; petioles 9.6-36.6 cm long; blade oblanceolate, blade oblique, 40.5-61.8 cm long, 4.6-8.6 cm wide, acute at apex,. Flower solitary, bisexual, scape 0.3-4.0 cm long, 3-6 bracts, bract ovate; perianth urceolate to campanulate, fleshy, perianth tube purple, basal white, 13.5-20.5 mm long, 8.5-15.5 mm wide; perianth lobe 7-9, sometimes yellow at apex, ovate triangular, 5-10 mm long, base 3.2-7.4 mm wide, 0.7-2.0 mm thickness, lobe center with two keels, lobe margin with two keels conspicuous. Stamens 7-9 as many as the perianth lobe, inserted at the perianth tube base or near base; anther oblong, 1.3-3.0 mm long; anther connective absent; filament short, 1-2 mm. Pistil 5-8 mm; stigma disk-like, 4 to 5 lobes, conical and lobe marginal concave, stigma nearly covering the perianth tube, 7.6-12.8 mm wide; style 0.5-1.5 mm long; ovary 1.2-1.7 mm with 4-5 locules. Fruit unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
The specific epithet &quot; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">longkiau</emphasis>
&quot; means that the geographical distribution of this species is mainly distributed in Hengchun Peninsula, Pingtung County, Taiwan. The area was known as 
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Longkiau”">&quot;Longkiau&quot;</normalizedToken>
in early records.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="phenology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Flowering from February to June.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. T. Lu, M. J. Yang &amp; J. C. Wang" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aspidistra daibuensis subsp. var. var. longkiauensis" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="daibuensis" subSpecies="var." variety="longkiauensis">Aspidistra daibuensis var. longkiauensis</taxonomicName>
is geographically confined to the Hengchun Peninsula, the most southern part of Taiwan and the southeastern part of Taiwan. The population typically grows on slopes under the canopies of primary or secondary forests. It is distributed at an elevation of 200-500 m.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. T. Lu, M. J. Yang &amp; J. C. Wang" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aspidistra daibuensis subsp. var. var. longkiauensis" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="daibuensis" subSpecies="var." variety="longkiauensis">Aspidistra daibuensis var. longkiauensis</taxonomicName>
is known from three populations in Hengchun Peninsula, Pingtung County, Taiwan. Based on the specimen records, the area of occupancy (AOO) is ca. 15 km2 by GeoCAT (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.150.2109" author="Bachman, SP" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="117 - 126" refId="B1" refString="Bachman, SP, Moat, J, Hill, A, de la Torre, J, Scott, B, 2011. Supporting Red List threat assess- ments with GeoCAT: Geospatial conservation assessment tool. ZooKeys 150: 117 - 126, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.150.2109" title="Supporting Red List threat assess- ments with GeoCAT: Geospatial conservation assessment tool." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.150.2109" volume="150" year="2011">Bachman et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
). Following the criteria of 
<bibRefCitation author="Ikabanga, DU" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" refId="B20" refString="IUCN (2019) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee." year="2017">IUCN (2019)</bibRefCitation>
, this species is assessed as endangered (EN B2ab(ii)).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
This new variety is regarded as 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. daibuensis" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="daibuensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. daibuensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Chang, HJ" journalOrPublisher="Taiwania" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="58 - 74" refId="B4" refString="Chang, HJ, Hsu, CC, 1974. A cytotaxonomical study on some Formosan Liliaceae. Taiwania 19 (1): 58 - 74" title="A cytotaxonomical study on some Formosan Liliaceae." volume="19" year="1974">Chang and Hsu 1974</bibRefCitation>
) or 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. mushaensis" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mushaensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. mushaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Wang, CC" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" refId="B40" refString="Wang, CC, 2004. The taxonomic study of Aspidistra Ker-Gawl. of Taiwan. Master Thesis. National Taiwan Normal University, 80 pp." title="The taxonomic study of Aspidistra Ker-Gawl. of Taiwan. Master Thesis. National Taiwan Normal University, 80 pp." year="2004">Wang 2004</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Chao, CT" journalOrPublisher="Taiwania" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" refId="B5" refString="Chao, CT, 2016. Systematic Study of Asparagaceae in Taiwan. Doctoral Dissertation. National Chung Hsing University, 380 pp." title="Systematic Study of Asparagaceae in Taiwan. Doctoral Dissertation. National Chung Hsing University, 380 pp." year="2016">Chao 2016</bibRefCitation>
). We determined that this species does not have thick perianth lobes as 
<taxonomicName authority="var. daibuensis" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. daibuensis subsp. var. var. daibuensis" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="daibuensis" subSpecies="var." variety="daibuensis">A. daibuensis var. daibuensis</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Hayata, B" journalOrPublisher="Paleontological Electronica" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" refId="B16" refString="Hayata, B, 1912. Icones Plantarum Formosanarumosa Vol. 2. Government of Formosa, 145-146." title="Icones Plantarum Formosanarumosa Vol. 2. Government of Formosa, 145 - 146." year="1912">Hayata 1912</bibRefCitation>
). In addition, 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. daibuensis subsp. var. var. longkiauensis" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="daibuensis" subSpecies="var." variety="longkiauensis">A. daibuensis var. longkiauensis</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName authority="var. mushaensis" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. mushaensis subsp. var. var. mushaensis" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="mushaensis" subSpecies="var." variety="mushaensis">A. mushaensis var. mushaensis</taxonomicName>
in terms of the ratio of the blade length to the blade width, perianth lobe base width, the distance from the lobe base to the stigma apex, and the ratio of the pistil length to the stamen height (Table 
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 6" captionStartId="T6" captionText="Table 6. Morphological comparison of Aspidistra daibuensis var. longkiauensis with A. daibuensis var. daibuensis, A. mushaensis var. longiconnectiva and A. mushaensis var. mushaensis. *. Mean + / - S. D. (min. value and max. value)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/FD790B7B8910C4FAC262FF0E91C90EFA" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" tableUuid="FD790B7B8910C4FAC262FF0E91C90EFA">6</tableCitation>
). The stamen of this new species is inserted on the perianth tube base or near the base instead of the low part of the perianth tube, as observed in the previous former two species. We considered it can be distinguished from 
<taxonomicName authority="var. daibuensis" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. daibuensis subsp. var. var. daibuensis" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="daibuensis" subSpecies="var." variety="daibuensis">A. daibuensis var. daibuensis</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. mushaensis" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mushaensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. mushaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
var. 
<taxonomicName authority="mushaensis" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aspidistra mushaensis var. mushaensis" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="mushaensis" variety="mushaensis">Aspidistra mushaensis mushaensis</taxonomicName>
. However, it is morphologically more similar to 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. daibuensis" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="daibuensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. daibuensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, so we considered regard it as a variety of 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. daibuensis" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="daibuensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. daibuensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.100885.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828409" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Figure 5.</emphasis>
Floral comparison of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. T. Lu, M. J. Yang &amp; J. C. Wang" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aspidistra daibuensis subsp. var. var. longkiauensis" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="daibuensis" subSpecies="var." variety="longkiauensis">Aspidistra daibuensis var. longkiauensis</taxonomicName>
C.T.Lu, M.J.Yang &amp; J.C.Wang; 
<taxonomicName authority="Hayata var. mushaensis" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. mushaensis subsp. var. var. mushaensis" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="mushaensis" subSpecies="var." variety="mushaensis">A. mushaensis Hayata var. mushaensis</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName authority="Hayata var. daibuensis" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. daibuensis subsp. var. var. daibuensis" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="daibuensis" subSpecies="var." variety="daibuensis">A. daibuensis Hayata var. daibuensis</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A-G</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. daibuensis subsp. var. var. longkiauensis" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="daibuensis" subSpecies="var." variety="longkiauensis">A. daibuensis var. longkiauensis</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">H-N</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="var. mushaensis" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. mushaensis subsp. var. var. mushaensis" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="mushaensis" subSpecies="var." variety="mushaensis">A. mushaensis var. mushaensis</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">O-T</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="var. daibuensis" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. daibuensis subsp. var. var. daibuensis" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="daibuensis" subSpecies="var." variety="daibuensis">A. daibuensis var. daibuensis</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A, H, O</emphasis>
front view of the flower 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">B, I, P</emphasis>
lateral view of the flower 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">C, J, Q</emphasis>
stigma surface 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">D, K, R</emphasis>
half dissection of the perianth tube, showing the pistil and stamens 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">E, L</emphasis>
half dissection of the perianth tube and stigma 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">F, M, S</emphasis>
half dissection of the perianth tube, showing the stamen 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">G, N, T</emphasis>
half dissection of the stigma.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.100885.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828410" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Figure 6.</emphasis>
Illustration of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. T. Lu, M. J. Yang &amp; J. C. Wang" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aspidistra daibuensis subsp. var. var. longkiauensis" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="daibuensis" subSpecies="var." variety="longkiauensis">Aspidistra daibuensis var. longkiauensis</taxonomicName>
C.T.Lu, M.J.Yang &amp; J.C.Wang 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A</emphasis>
habit 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">B</emphasis>
flower (front view) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">C</emphasis>
flower (lateral view) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">D</emphasis>
half dissection of perianth tube, showing pistil and stamens 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">E</emphasis>
stamen 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">F</emphasis>
half dissection of pistil.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="FD790B7B8910C4FAC262FF0E91C90EFA" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/FD790B7B8910C4FAC262FF0E91C90EFA" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" start="Table 6" startId="T6">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Table 6.</emphasis>
Morphological comparison of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. T. Lu, M. J. Yang &amp; J. C. Wang" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aspidistra daibuensis subsp. var. var. longkiauensis" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="daibuensis" subSpecies="var." variety="longkiauensis">Aspidistra daibuensis var. longkiauensis</taxonomicName>
with 
<taxonomicName authority="var. daibuensis" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. daibuensis subsp. var. var. daibuensis" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="daibuensis" subSpecies="var." variety="daibuensis">A. daibuensis var. daibuensis</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. mushaensis subsp. var. var. longiconnectiva" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="mushaensis" subSpecies="var." variety="longiconnectiva">A. mushaensis var. longiconnectiva</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authority="var. mushaensis" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. mushaensis subsp. var. var. mushaensis" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="mushaensis" subSpecies="var." variety="mushaensis">A. mushaensis var. mushaensis</taxonomicName>
. *. Mean 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
S.D. (min. value and max. value).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">Taxa characters</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. daibuensis subsp. var. var. longkiauensis" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="daibuensis" subSpecies="var." variety="longkiauensis">A. daibuensis var. longkiauensis</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authority="var. daibuensis" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. daibuensis subsp. var. var. daibuensis" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="daibuensis" subSpecies="var." variety="daibuensis">A. daibuensis var. daibuensis</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. mushaensis subsp. var. var. longiconnectiva" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="mushaensis" subSpecies="var." variety="longiconnectiva">A. mushaensis var. longiconnectiva</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authority="var. mushaensis" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. mushaensis subsp. var. var. mushaensis" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="mushaensis" subSpecies="var." variety="mushaensis">A. mushaensis var. mushaensis</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<td colspan="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Leaves</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">Leaf length (cm)</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
72.24 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
11.68 (54.1-86.5)*
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
95.46 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
21.04 (70.2-141.1)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">54.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
82.87 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
14.99 (60.1-106.1)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">Leaf length/petiole length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
3.40 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.90 (2.4-4.0)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
2.83 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.51 (1.9-3.6)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">1.19</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
2.72 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.71 (1.7-3.6)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">Blade length/blade width</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
3.73 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.43 (1.4-6.4)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
8.05 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.73 (5.1-10.1)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">6.58</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
7.66 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.35 (6.1-10.1)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<td colspan="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Fowers</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">Perianth lobe thickness (mm)</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
1.28 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.38 (0.7-2.0)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
2.79 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.64 (1.7-4.0)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
1.14 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.27 (1.0-1.3)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
1.48 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.34 (1.1-1.9)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">Lobe base width (mm)</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
5.12 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.12 (3.2-7.4)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
7.95 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.60 (5.8-9.3)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
10.0 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.66 (8.8-11.2)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
7.27 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.19 (5.5-8.7)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">Curve length of the stigma surface (mm)</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
10.98 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.38 (9.4-13.4)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
16.23 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.45 (13.7-17.5)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
12.07 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.43 (11.8-12.4)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
12.70 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.30 (10.4-15.7)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">Stigma width (mm)</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
10.33 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.79 (7.6-12.8)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
16.43 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
2.21 (12.7-21.4)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
11.76 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.03 (11.7-11.8)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
12.59 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.08 (10.2-14.6)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">Ratio of the perianth tube length (excluding the lobe) to pistil height</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
1.71 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.24 (1.3-2.2)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
2.02 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.41 (1.3-2.9)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">0.91</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
2.19 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.35 (1.6-3.1)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">Ratio of perianth tube length (excluding the lobe) to stamen height</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
4.20 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.86 (3.4-6.5)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
3.88 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.72 (2.7-5.9)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
1.99 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.03 (1.9-2.0)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
3.43 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.39 (2.7-4.7)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">Ratio of perianth tube length to the width of the perianth tube base</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
1.52 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.13 (1.4-1.8)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
1.72 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.27 (1.4-2.2)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
0.73 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.11 (0.7-0.8)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
1.37 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.26 (1.0-1.9)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">Ratio of pistil height to stamen height</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
2.49 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.59 (1.8-3.8)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
2.03 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.78 (1.3-2.5)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
1.91 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.35 (1.7-2.2)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rowspan="1">
1.59 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.26 (1.0-2.1)
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="additional specimen examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Additional specimen examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Taiwan. Pintung County</emphasis>
: Kaoshifo, alt. 400 m, 14 Jun 1993, fl., 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">T.-T. Chen et al. 1393</emphasis>
(TAIF!); Mt. Kaoshifo, 27 Feb 2016, fl., 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">P.F. Lu 29262</emphasis>
(TAIF!); Mt. Kaoshifo, alt. 300-400 m, 16 April 2020, fl., 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">C.T. Lu 2662</emphasis>
(TNU!); Shoucha, alt. 470-500 m, 17 Feb 2017, fr., 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">S.W. Chung 12866</emphasis>
(TAIF!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>