241 lines
34 KiB
XML
241 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="21464" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.949.51269" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e4d2c425-4596-487c-8c4f-b09330b48203" ID-PMC="PMC7381721" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-949-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="303D64593B3B550DBB7CE01AA547409D" ID-PubMed="32765176" ID-ZooBank="93BFA448BB7343CDBC4EA86090DA63D5" ModsDocID="1313-2970-949-1" checkinTime="1594832489974" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Salata, Sebastian & Fisher, Brian L." docDate="2020" docId="33D35FE1AAA85B28A86418BD17B337D1" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 949: 1-185" docOrigin="ZooKeys 949" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.949.51269" docTitle="Pheidole befotaka Salata & Fisher 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="E3B4F08F-A5CF-409A-AB97-EA9951ACA186" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" id="303D64593B3B550DBB7CE01AA547409D" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="303D64593B3B550DBB7CE01AA547409D" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the Pheidole sikorae species group (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="185" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732651982216" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="13EB136DE9EA59F7AC9CD934028885BA" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0BA2E4ADB910515B6B3B5BC7DAB71FFB">
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<mods:title id="8BC47E14E0D448EE648990ECB60EAF34">Taxonomic revision of the Pheidole sikorae species group (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Madagascar</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="AD4CF330883CEE03E5DC5E2397A0AE28" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="A1D71D62732C1D2B4D6E03375E6F6861">
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<mods:roleTerm id="AA23747AE83C29E5C9238039E47A2594">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="01823F7EDE87AF8D13FDE164C00EE5EE">Salata, Sebastian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7A1EC32C50F53B5473DEBB7D9395F914">Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="4B588FD7FBCC953A1285238B734E540B" type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0811-2309</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C0B4D498D8906C518DBB34EFAB8F2C5B" type="email">sdsalata@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="0D13A9FE6383B0D24433C92E1D79091A" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D9984CFC8259C1D2C5A33E94E90EF4B7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="EDA3134241C9F2F5138C08BFE8258EAD">Fisher, Brian L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AE14582F12D5C30FDFC41FF802962C2C">Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="736D4C72B99A74AAABFC5D275A4DB17D" type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4653-3270</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="1127FAAEB141295CDA1953701EDFB547">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="9928BE2E7ECD53511144B2994FADF090">
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<mods:title id="EF0FED61D3A34C5BCA40704CCDE212A6">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="C678566908DBBB390EE7BD0FABE643E6">
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<mods:date id="1AD2DA2E5DEE23EC1FF48368D92D2B3C">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="5EEE5E12E98ABC209FE00C9E902AE683" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="DFD465DF31F9907A0B918E9B0006D969">949</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="B7576A3CD66FFB0925D084417CE4EF60" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="10DC5587D147532885A5A746F5533AEF">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="98021D5C1281C543A0F872DED6CE06FE">185</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="6638433010FACF4FBE01EED21E88A113">
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<mods:url id="A96A22B77840F4EA2F7422CB0EE45D90">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.949.51269</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="8B4B58FB47F0DC6F2074F9EEE535995B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="95EF3B6991072C81FEB78F0FF6D4C692" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.949.51269</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="EFB24A397C902FBF425DD21BCF8AE42F" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-949-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4DA4C5E16E987ABBEC6F377646DD1AB9" type="ZooBank">93BFA448BB7343CDBC4EA86090DA63D5</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="33D35FE1AAA85B28A86418BD17B337D1" ID-GBIF-Taxon="165090189" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E3B4F08F-A5CF-409A-AB97-EA9951ACA186" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/33D35FE1AAA85B28A86418BD17B337D1" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Formicidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera">
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<subSubSection id="009397C7282F88EBA4BCEA9521DFE547" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="36C84C9BBE4CD77A4123C7BBA395384E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4644BE4271134BD1E8B3B9BA0B4046DA" ID-CoL="CMKWJ" LSID="33D35FE1-AAA8-5B28-A864-18BD17B337D1" authority="Salata & Fisher, 2020" authorityName="Salata & Fisher" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole befotaka" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="befotaka" status="sp. nov.">Pheidole befotaka</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="D8413594101709AAF09F2ADCD4F46E52" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation id="8D0B1B9D97F865EF9E4A7214E4D58D8C" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Pheidole befotaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0235125) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0119590)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432196" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 27A-F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="B0E8DAD7186218F907C1BFC05C9474F5" captionStart="Figure 63" captionStartId="F63" captionText="Figure 63. Major worker, hypostomal teeth. Pheidole alina sp. nov. (A). Pheidole ambohimanga sp. nov. (B). Pheidole analavelona sp. nov. (C). Pheidole andohahela sp. nov. (D). Pheidole anomala sp. nov. (E). Pheidole anosyenne sp. nov. (F). Pheidole antranohofa sp. nov. (G). Pheidole beanka sp. nov. (H). Pheidole befotaka sp. nov. (I). Pheidole dasos sp. nov. (J). Pheidole flavominuta sp. nov. (K). Pheidole gracilis sp. nov. (L). Pheidole haboka sp. nov. (M). Pheidole havoana sp. nov. (N). Pheidole hazo sp. nov. (O). Pheidole itremo sp. nov. (P). Pheidole joffreville sp. nov. (Q). Pheidole kely sp. nov. (R). Pheidole lavasoa sp. nov. (S). Pheidole litigiosa Forel (T). Pheidole mahamavo sp. nov. (U). Pheidole mainty sp. nov. (V). Pheidole mamiratra sp. nov. (W). Pheidole manantenina sp. nov. (X)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure63" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432232" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 63I</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="D9808986038E03929501E54E526A9BD6" captionStart="Figure 65" captionStartId="F65" captionText="Figure 65. Distribution. Pheidole alina sp. nov. (A). Pheidole ambohimanga sp. nov. (B). Pheidole analavelona sp. nov. (C). Pheidole andohahela sp. nov. (D). Pheidole anomala sp. nov. (E). Pheidole anosyenne sp. nov. (F). Pheidole antranohofa sp. nov. (G). Pheidole beanka sp. nov. (H). Pheidole befotaka sp. nov. (I). Pheidole dasos sp. nov. (J). Pheidole flavominuta sp. nov. (K). Pheidole gracilis sp. nov. (L). Pheidole haboka sp. nov. (M). Pheidole havoana sp. nov. (N). Pheidole hazo sp. nov. (O). Pheidole itremo sp. nov. (P). Pheidole joffreville sp. nov. (Q). Pheidole kely sp. nov. (R). Pheidole lavasoa sp. nov. (S). Pheidole litigiosa Forel (T)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432234" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 65I</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D3E65BB4F02D65F48E2C06162F3E8F33" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="13973ED2F11B470ECA46BF0FE07E997D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1B40C15A9E1053EFD860D1A973ADF29A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="B11AE21469E00D788F08CD13AF684704" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype.</emphasis>
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Madagascar. • 1 major worker; Fianarantsoa; Parc National Befotaka-Midongy, Papango 28.5km S Midongy-Sud, Mount Papango;
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<geoCoordinate id="665D4E947338428C1E580E1AD67C2943" degrees="23.84083" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-23.84083">-23.84083</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="B19AEE62E719979BC937A456AF3A7C9C" degrees="46.9575" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="46.9575">46.9575</geoCoordinate>
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; alt. 1250 m; 17 Nov 2006; B. L. Fisher et al. leg.; montane rainforest, ex rotten log; BLF14974; CASENT0119590 (CASC).
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<emphasis id="E3FD3A43880440140678285B8A21E787" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratype.</emphasis>
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• 1w.; same data as for holotype; CASENT0235125 (CASC).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="71EDFEE08B50D154F48A0C90D8618587" doi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432196" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 27" startId="F27">
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<paragraph id="F64A23F4D31D6EDC5D38A6CE2E8A378E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="94C2705EA00863A1131B763C949E070F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 27.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="2A3B9A0D523200F669573F683B5674E2" authorityName="Salata & Fisher" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole befotaka" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="befotaka">
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<emphasis id="2666C5A45339251913992547ACEEFE0D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pheidole befotaka</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., full-face view (
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<emphasis id="AE95D8325373B5B7D2A042897B987D71" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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), profile (
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<emphasis id="D23E58754D2C40750C88D8C4E4037259" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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), and dorsal view (
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<emphasis id="E367542A9B1A335B51F51C20DBBB2FCE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
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) of paratype minor worker (CASENT0235125) and full-face view (
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<emphasis id="3238FFC0B4D5E57B632F69FB432BB5AC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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), profile (
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<emphasis id="1A9129E8BF730EFD49E46DF267E01715" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
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), and dorsal view (
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<emphasis id="127A9ED5EFC2AE10EA147CD6EDA2FA05" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
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) of holotype major worker (CASENT0119590).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C88B69BC2F2824DC9FEE39E5763BCFFE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="82C867DEFC52645B6146952B046AB038" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BCC5F1BA996FCB454B78575F72A58340" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Madagascar. -
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<emphasis id="59F9984779A45B7500EFFC9FFAAF9EF3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fianarantsoa</emphasis>
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: •1w., 1s.; Parc National Befotaka-Midongy, Papango 27.7km S Midongy-Sud, Mount Papango;
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<geoCoordinate id="FA34B13FF4C618BE2FDDDA6A94AE3823" degrees="23.83517" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-23.83517">-23.83517</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="F0CFF8250909EFBBDB3D4F11C0239EE9" degrees="46.96367" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.96367">46.96367</geoCoordinate>
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; alt. 940 m; 16 Nov 2006; B. L. Fisher et al. leg.; rainforest, ex dead twig above ground; BLF14931 (CASC).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8FA0970D516A452083FBBDA13C7356DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="2C1B816E5690156F8ECC8F53E2FF83B6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A1E99673C4892CFB5D1B82EB20452F73" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Moderately large species.
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<emphasis id="56043B30A36393C0DD8EED5759556327" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Major workers.</emphasis>
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Head in full-face view sub-oval, slightly widening posteriorly, with anterior and posterior sides convex, in lateral view sub-oval, ventral and dorsal faces convex; sides of the head with dense, moderately long, erect pilosity; medial part of frons with moderately dense and thick rugae, anteriorly rugae longitudinal and interrupted, posteromedially rugae irregular, interspaces shiny with sparse and indistinct irregular rugulae; lateral sides with irregular, thick, and relatively sparse rugae with indistinctly rugoreticulate interspaces; occipital lobes, and area posterolateral from eyes never smooth; scape, when laid back, exceeding the midlength of head by two-fifths of its length; inner hypostomal teeth distinct, large, closely spaced, triangular, with rounded apex directed upward; outer hypostomal teeth lobe-like, wider than inner hypostomal teeth and approximately the same height, apex directed outward; inner and outer hypostomal teeth closely spaced and connected by indistinct concavity; pronotum and mesonotum with fine rugoreticulae and additional transverse to irregular, thick rugae; anepisternum, katepisternum and propodeum with fine rugoreticulae; body orange.
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<emphasis id="CDFAD4718DBBC44598D1E96ED0320BBC" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Minor workers.</emphasis>
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Head foveolate; medial part of frons with smooth notch; vertex and lateral sides of frons with additional, irregular to arcing rugae, area posterolateral from eyes smooth; scape, when laid back, surpassing the posterior head margin by two-fifths of its length; promesonotum moderately low and moderately short; promesonotal groove indistinct; propodeal spines small and triangular; mesosoma with very indistinct and sparse rugofoveolae; dorsal pronotum and medial parts of lateral sides of pronotum, katepisternum, and anepisternum smooth; body yellow.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="93EB34E15F517AD4BD5F5A2319338FEF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="2735EBD380C0393A0CC466BD43E2730A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="894C93B0776572E85D1BA3E88CA03528" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="451C9DF6C1DCBFF36E13428DCCB91D7E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Major workers.</emphasis>
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Measurements (
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<emphasis id="33EE7F0B91279535BF2D4217C018B79D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
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= 2): HL: 1.18, 1.12; HW: 1.18, 1.1; SL: 0.71, 0.73; EL: 0.16, 0.16; WL: 1.06, 1.05; PSL: 0.19, 0.17; MTL: 0.73, 0.72; PNW: 0.51, 0.48; PTW: 0.17, 0.14; PPW: 0.31, 0.31; CI: 100.5, 101.8; SI: 60.6, 66.3; PSLI: 16.0, 15.2; PPI: 56.9, 45.4; PNI: 43.0, 44.0; MTI: 62.2, 65.7.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B4FFBE10C7454DF5BC7FD2EFE32B8C4F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="22790E79BE68163A1804D40A71B88266" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head.</emphasis>
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In full-face view sub-oval, slightly widening posteriorly, with anterior and posterior sides convex (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="A38A9D09AF9092BE9A4FDB42D0C850BE" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Pheidole befotaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0235125) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0119590)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432196" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27B</figureCitation>
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). In lateral view sub-oval; ventral and dorsal faces convex; inner hypostomal teeth visible. Sides of the head with dense, moderately long, erect pilosity; whole head with dense, long, decumbent to erect pilosity. Medial part of frons with moderately dense and thick rugae, anteriorly rugae longitudinal and interrupted, posteromedially rugae irregular, interspaces shiny with sparse and indistinct irregular rugulae; lateral sides with irregular, thick, and relatively sparse rugae with indistinctly rugoreticulate interspaces. Occipital lobes with sparse, thick, and irregular rugae; interspaces smooth. Gena with relatively dense and thick longitudinal rugae and smooth interspaces. Area posterolateral from eyes with thin and dense rugofoveolae, sculpture weakening posteriorly. Centre of clypeus smooth and shiny, lateral sides with indistinct rugulae; median notch present, moderately wide, and shallow; median longitudinal carina present; lateral longitudinal carinae absent. Scape, when laid back, exceeding the midlength of head by two-fifths of its length; pilosity subdecumbent to erect (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="59B044E0C61998B4BCEE36F3E96EABC7" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Pheidole befotaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0235125) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0119590)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432196" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27B, D</figureCitation>
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). Inner hypostomal teeth distinct, large, closely spaced, triangular, with rounded apex directed upward; outer hypostomal teeth lobe-like, wider than inner hypostomal teeth and approximately the same height, apex directed outward; inner and outer hypostomal teeth closely spaced and connected by indistinct concavity (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="C072A84F21D38F49E1CA97A98CEDED83" captionStart="Figure 63" captionStartId="F63" captionText="Figure 63. Major worker, hypostomal teeth. Pheidole alina sp. nov. (A). Pheidole ambohimanga sp. nov. (B). Pheidole analavelona sp. nov. (C). Pheidole andohahela sp. nov. (D). Pheidole anomala sp. nov. (E). Pheidole anosyenne sp. nov. (F). Pheidole antranohofa sp. nov. (G). Pheidole beanka sp. nov. (H). Pheidole befotaka sp. nov. (I). Pheidole dasos sp. nov. (J). Pheidole flavominuta sp. nov. (K). Pheidole gracilis sp. nov. (L). Pheidole haboka sp. nov. (M). Pheidole havoana sp. nov. (N). Pheidole hazo sp. nov. (O). Pheidole itremo sp. nov. (P). Pheidole joffreville sp. nov. (Q). Pheidole kely sp. nov. (R). Pheidole lavasoa sp. nov. (S). Pheidole litigiosa Forel (T). Pheidole mahamavo sp. nov. (U). Pheidole mainty sp. nov. (V). Pheidole mamiratra sp. nov. (W). Pheidole manantenina sp. nov. (X)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure63" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432232" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">63I</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis id="EB383680F3E960C53DD2B887F492A1FF" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mesosoma.</emphasis>
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In lateral view, promesonotum short, angular, and moderately low, posterior mesonotum moderately steep, mesonotal process indistinct, tubercle-like; promesonotal groove absent; metanotal groove indistinct; propodeal spines moderately long, moderately wide, with acute apex; humeral area laterally weakly produced (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="C33C34D6000C8EDB354594733BA41A58" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Pheidole befotaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0235125) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0119590)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432196" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27D</figureCitation>
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). Surface shiny; pronotum and mesonotum with fine rugoreticulae and additional transverse to irregular, thick rugae; anepisternum, katepisternum, and propodeum with fine rugoreticulae. Pilosity relatively dense, long, and erect (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="1AAB3BC367BCBAB57AB58BA1ADA2443B" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Pheidole befotaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0235125) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0119590)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432196" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27D, F</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis id="EC32D98B1BE84EFDC0B0FCDEC6A4E3AB" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Petiole.</emphasis>
|
|
Shiny with fine and dense rugofoveolae; node smooth, low, triangular, with rounded and thin apex, in rear view node dorsoventrally slightly convex; pilosity moderately sparse and erect (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="B689BD843F3E6FFC0842133E8FDBE528" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Pheidole befotaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0235125) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0119590)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432196" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27D, F</figureCitation>
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).
|
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<emphasis id="D021F25421107D20D038074D542350FE" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Postpetiole.</emphasis>
|
|
Shiny and smooth; in dorsal view oval, lateral margins medially with two dentate projections; pilosity long, moderately sparse, and erect (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="18CBE5E76A2A5507348E04F637A42EE9" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Pheidole befotaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0235125) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0119590)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432196" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27D, F</figureCitation>
|
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).
|
|
<emphasis id="592E3D1069ABF3FDB811148BB8E1045E" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gaster.</emphasis>
|
|
Shiny and smooth; pilosity moderately dense, long, and erect (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="608FEDC28A04BF7879D4EFF8A4CAE513" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Pheidole befotaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0235125) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0119590)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432196" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27D, F</figureCitation>
|
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).
|
|
<emphasis id="B130A75C532501665EC7237A52D3C3ED" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colour.</emphasis>
|
|
Orange; mandibles and gaster slightly darker; legs yellowish (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="77743B7575DDB6E6766F5F8968D43730" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Pheidole befotaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0235125) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0119590)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432196" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27D, F</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="DAFAC7021AA0E893D08561AEAAD128F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis id="BFB5C4AFB7CD5134B556DF73DC4ADD4F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Minor workers.</emphasis>
|
|
Measurements (
|
|
<emphasis id="9FE20AE8F5F13DE5DA3638CBF18F5B7F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
|
|
= 2): HL: 0.66, 0.64; HW: 0.54, 0.52; SL: 0.76, 0.74; EL: 0.13, 0.13; WL: 0.85, 0.86; PSL: 0.09, 0.1; MTL: 0.61, 0.61; PNW: 0.36, 0.36; PTW: 0.1, 0.08; PPW: 0.17, 0.15; CI: 121.2, 123.2; SI: 140.0, 141.0; PSLI: 13.5, 14.9; PPI: 58.2, 55.0; PNI: 66.4, 69.2; MTI: 112.0, 117.0.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="7A07A83F79D3653550116C9800953C67" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis id="CD7F7D721002A96A8F7C80874547F0F8" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head.</emphasis>
|
|
Cephalic margin indistinctly convex or straight (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="886BF4D9D63F02C4CEF2F0226DE5EDF0" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Pheidole befotaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0235125) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0119590)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432196" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27A</figureCitation>
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|
). Pilosity relatively sparse, long, decumbent to suberect. Sculpture foveolate; medial part of frons with smooth notch; vertex and lateral sides of frons with additional, irregular to arcing rugae; area posterolateral from eyes smooth. Clypeus with median longitudinal carina absent; two lateral longitudinal carinae absent. Scape, when laid back, surpassing the posterior head margin by two-fifths of its length; pilosity dense, subdecumbent to erect (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="C64ACF4F00D01C3F11663C4E76263C4D" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Pheidole befotaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0235125) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0119590)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432196" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27A, C</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
<emphasis id="69EE22D3B21FA84C5D64CB2D6D2E1601" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mesosoma.</emphasis>
|
|
In lateral view, promesonotum moderately low and moderately short, arched; promesonotal groove absent; metanotal groove indistinct; propodeal spines small and triangular (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="FBC4C7289ED5CFC31C0BFC38F6C9926D" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Pheidole befotaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0235125) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0119590)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432196" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27C</figureCitation>
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|
). Sculpture with very indistinct and sparse rugofoveolae; dorsal pronotum and medial parts of lateral sides of pronotum, katepisternum, and anepisternum smooth. Pilosity very sparse, moderately long, and erect (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="3503097D9E4F39D2A1B635AB817A5F77" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Pheidole befotaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0235125) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0119590)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432196" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27C, E</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
<emphasis id="F60EE391C7BDAA7C7F297211394BAF65" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Postpetiole.</emphasis>
|
|
Short, low, and relatively flat; with few short, erect setae (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="105BEDF0E89821F126088C994146C50F" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Pheidole befotaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0235125) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0119590)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432196" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27C, E</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
<emphasis id="ED8CA6A76C8D2F3B613B080B9A14926B" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gaster.</emphasis>
|
|
With sparse, erect pilosity (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="854AA3F31CC1595C2E12DA78D3B0ECA9" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Pheidole befotaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0235125) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0119590)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432196" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27C, E</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
<emphasis id="34DE327E68B524A95526068F3A5506B3" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colour.</emphasis>
|
|
Yellow, vertex slightly darker (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="24F6CDC44009378B72ACCCA2F642178C" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Pheidole befotaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0235125) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0119590)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432196" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27C, E</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="FF16F11AD333348D94E947CDA819D32B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
|
|
<paragraph id="38F7C1EB1C386AC8A83D9B5F1991BEC1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="4F65D2AF580791947D79DAEBF3AD12BD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">From the type locality.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="29882E53C1F083A9EB1117A6593C6ED1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="biology_ecology">
|
|
<paragraph id="3DB02A4EBF7771CAF3A98B6C01E73E88" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Biology.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="DF1688B6A49984CC60A28381B4E7C9F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The species was collected between 940-1250 m in elevation, in rainforest and montane rainforest. Nests were located in rotten logs and dead twigs above ground.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="4361FF1431FC663949AC8F398C0B723C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="comments">
|
|
<paragraph id="24E26FA5CEEF21E87C69040A0C120908" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comments.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="C4D744492943F640398ADDC20B7C4934" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="CF89283DC0C5C1F0E9529A1871538ED7" authorityName="Salata & Fisher" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole befotaka" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="befotaka">
|
|
<emphasis id="772E63605553F40847055EDA9548362B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pheidole befotaka</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. is a member of a group of species characterised by body coloration that is bright, yellow to orange in majors and yellow in minors, head sub-oval, not widening posteriorly with sides not convex or convex indistinctly, and medial part of frons with longitudinal and interrupted rugae anteriorly and distinctly irregular rugae posteriorly. The group includes three taxa:
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4239B7F0C6C83A9EBB7541D7360C2966" lsidName="P. vony" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="vony">
|
|
<emphasis id="0275A4017270FAC5095A39F54C5CAB2B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. vony</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov.,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="63722B16AD1B1920E7E556F9DEFD61EB" lsidName="P. befotaka" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="befotaka">
|
|
<emphasis id="602C6CE72023C97331B5B8418B36006C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. befotaka</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov., and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="60D25A936458BEB4C953F0B6BF19C9A3" lsidName="P. mamiratra" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mamiratra">
|
|
<emphasis id="035D602E835288D0362DE3477A027FE5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. mamiratra</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E29F3924166E07611079EE703477420B" authorityName="Salata & Fisher" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole befotaka" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="befotaka">
|
|
<emphasis id="B19E2459932DC11021C31EE4D0B755D6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pheidole befotaka</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. is the only member of the group known from Parc National Befotaka-Midongy in Fianarantsoa and can be easily separated based on orange body of major workers with slightly convex lateral sides of head and lateral sides of frons with distinctly irregular rugae. Minor workers of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C9C4863529722965203BBE30C63F28ED" lsidName="P. befotaka" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="befotaka">
|
|
<emphasis id="CAD23DEE1BBE9E0B563DC28730CEAD8D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. befotaka</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. can be separated from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="16D6F5BC1374919A22C3E81F23A05168" lsidName="P. vony" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="vony">
|
|
<emphasis id="99EDBE10717C9066E70BD7673FEEFB36" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. vony</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7A134D167F4C3CE657ACDEFE83C049FC" lsidName="P. mamiratra" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mamiratra">
|
|
<emphasis id="2EB4461555DDCBBA0D2A7BBD03A4F2A1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. mamiratra</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. based on presence of additional, irregular to arcing rugae on vertex and lateral sides of frons. Additionally, minors of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0C65F4DC42720E9F1B1E95A4E6AE6F92" lsidName="P. befotaka" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="befotaka">
|
|
<emphasis id="4081E0268CE521C134076B02FE0FAB0E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. befotaka</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. can be confused with minors of sympatric
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B1657FC1A3CBA3F925F25974B7524D88" lsidName="P. veteratrix" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="veteratrix">
|
|
<emphasis id="9A022CD6A3BEBA811F5C2B248B966FF7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. veteratrix</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
from which they differ in reduced sculpture of mesosoma and higher promesonotum.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |