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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="6670" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.769.25814" ID-GBIF-Dataset="24cfa1f5-171f-423b-8d0e-a66bf52b9fc2" ID-PMC="PMC6030207" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-769-49" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFADFF955D05FFC8857C7F46FFC4FF85" ID-PubMed="29988790" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1304507" ID-ZooBank="752922C5DD1842B698665716A341A94C" ModsDocID="1313-2970-769-49" checkinTime="1530090465466" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hedin, Marshal, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Blair, Jennifer &amp; Paquin, Pierre" docDate="2018" docId="33ADB0F519E06811BD0546508FA3F7B4" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 769: 49-76" docOrigin="ZooKeys 769" docPubDate="2018-06-26" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.769.25814" docTitle="Cicurina (Cicurella) vespera Gertsch 1992" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="FFADFF955D05FFC8857C7F46FFC4FF85" lastPageNumber="58" masterDocId="FFADFF955D05FFC8857C7F46FFC4FF85" masterDocTitle="Sequence capture phylogenomics of eyeless Cicurina spiders from Texas caves, with emphasis on US federally-endangered species from Bexar County (Araneae, Hahniidae)" masterLastPageNumber="76" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="58" updateTime="1732939766215" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="BDCAC55F811E211195697BBE3F4D919A">Sequence capture phylogenomics of eyeless Cicurina spiders from Texas caves, with emphasis on US federally-endangered species from Bexar County (Araneae, Hahniidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1E9CE66B7CE99E922619406C39A11953">Hedin, Marshal</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D27EE7C7D3CA06B719D9C837E6401C63">Department of Biology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego CA, 92182, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D941CBED01A3B349B44497CFE1DC58BB" type="email">mhedin@mail.sdsu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="D6A048A007844DBC10BA72E5CF344740">Derkarabetian, Shahan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="352B97FF4760D1E1CC9B76FAE463AA57">Department of Biology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego CA, 92182, USA &amp; Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford St., Cambridge MA, 02138, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6A15D502FAEC3909AF51C6C466766429">Blair, Jennifer</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F13EDC56A01DE38B6A7FFE3D3EB02EBF">Blair Wildlife Consulting, 3815 Dacy Lane, Kyle TX, 78640, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0B2006EFE4D67EE267257FC7398F5E88">Paquin, Pierre</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="73096D960CACAB515332AEDCF2FE4032">Scienceinfuse Inc, 12 Saxby Sud, Shefford, QC, J 2 M 1 S 2, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="13F6C6267DF7C8423AEFF570313B15F0">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="65F5FE2AC4B3993E57BE143AB6F7D7C4">2018</mods:date>
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<subSection id="1CC074F95B54A7BEC67424E52E4D301D" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" type="discussion">
<treatment id="33ADB0F519E06811BD0546508FA3F7B4" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182229730" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:33ADB0F519E06811BD0546508FA3F7B4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/33ADB0F519E06811BD0546508FA3F7B4" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" scope_family="Hahniidae" scope_order="Araneae">
<subSubSection id="E12BA6B9BBDF6175A63DFF51C12EB275" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7686AD5A707FCD5FBED44DCFBE1C6E79" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName id="D9E85D0BE6D77D769B69C48308ABA81C" ID-CoL="VB42" authority="Gertsch, 1992" authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1992" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cicurina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cicurina (Cicurella) vespera" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespera" subGenus="Cicurella">Cicurina (Cicurella) vespera Gertsch, 1992</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="DAEBD0B50E6B472D6721A52D6507A32E" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Phylogenetic tree from RAxML analysis of 399 UCE loci, 70 % (399 _ 70) occupancy matrix. Bootstrap values below 75 not shown. Geography and morphology highlighted. Abbreviations: ME (= mostly elongate) spermathecae clade, R (= rounded) spermathecae clade. Further details regarding specimen codes and locations found in Suppl. material 5. Inset: sampled Texas counties." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.769.25814.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211928" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="EB9B2DB6E61EA24773A43E13FA4A22C7" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogenetic tree from BEAST analysis of 399 _ 70 UCE matrix. Posterior probability values above 0.95 shown. Inset: Boxplots of TI values (from Suppl. material 6) for ME and R clade members from Bexar County (for ME clade, two small juveniles and Stahl Cave specimens not included)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.769.25814.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211929" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">, 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="169ADA4B3C0AF683B0A4AAC3590F4524" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic tree from RAxML analysis of COI mitochondrial data. Previously published sequences with corresponding GenBank numbers (AY ), some with cave location codes as in Paquin and Hedin (2004). Bootstrap values above 70 shown only for major lineages. Bootstrap values within C. madla shown on Figure 6, those for C. loftini shown on Figure 10." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.769.25814.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211930" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">, 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="2D87AD7326D9E5B03E8A089FE033147D" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Morphology of R clade with corresponding 399 _ 70 UCE RAxML phylogeny (not all bootstrap values shown). Holotype female spermathecal images from Paquin and Duperre (2009), used with permission. Images not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.769.25814.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211934" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">, 7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="794B121AD43848CBD02CE5A795CCA96A" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Distribution of R clade in Bexar and Comal counties, with corresponding 399 _ 70 UCE RAxML phylogeny. Different species designated by different colors. Cave locations approximate." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.769.25814.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211935" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">, 8</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="E949256C8202CBE0E75F4B266F3EEA0A" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Morphology of adult C. loftini with corresponding 399 _ 70 UCE RAxML phylogeny. Imaged specimens highlighted on phylogeny; images of specimen TK _ 188520 from J. Ledford, specimen TK _ 188686 from J. Cokendolpher (via Symbiota Collections of Arthropods Network). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.769.25814.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211936" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">, 9</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="DCABCFC69BF08929FB131C0EBD2EF744" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Distribution of C. loftini in Culebra Anticline KFR, with corresponding COI RAxML phylogeny. Different mtDNA microclades designated by different colors. Cave locations approximate." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.769.25814.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211937" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">, 10</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="0AB1DF51F903EA8C290AF4BDE8ADA6F9" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Anomalous geographic distribution of C. venii and C. vespera type specimens. All views ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.769.25814.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211938" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">, 11</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="FB42428E9A3A21D5857F051C3942C707" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Male palpal morphology of C. madla and C. vespera (left palp, ventral view). Specimens from Stevens Ranch Trash Hole Cave (CIC _ 1745) and Robbers Cave (TX _ 241) from PP personal collection. Image of specimen TK _ 188519 from Joel Ledford. Abbreviations: CB = cymbium, T = tegulum, E = embolus. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.769.25814.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211939" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">, 12</figureCitation>
, Suppl. materials 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B52C40613A4879375346D123EDAAAA6A" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="C3BFF261744997056F415F578B7FAEE7" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName id="79BD557D45CE90A5023B1FC8EC1CFF05" authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1992" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cicurina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cicurina vespera" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespera">Cicurina vespera</taxonomicName>
Gertsch, 1992: 111, figs 93-94.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F3803E771CA1FA85B2CEAB14E99FF9C7" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName id="81E332FDDEED2CAE65AF95FAD5FA0D2C" authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1992" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cicurina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cicurina vespera" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespera">Cicurina vespera</taxonomicName>
Cokendolpher, 2004: 53, figs 65-66.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C5493242913BFDA8B4132302BA0D14AC" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName id="02EA77059B80747E1861F54D32635CFC" authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1992" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cicurina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cicurina vespera" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespera">Cicurina vespera</taxonomicName>
Paquin &amp;
<normalizedToken id="E7B45FF79036BE3AD965EB99FF471037" originalValue="Dupérré">Duperre</normalizedToken>
, 2009: 53, figs 118-119, 134.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1812F7E55556FC180B3D58D1208C5526" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName id="D55E9E36809E8A62BA09995E1CBB3C00" authorityName="Cokendolpher" authorityYear="2004" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cicurina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cicurina loftini" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="loftini">Cicurina loftini</taxonomicName>
Cokendolpher, 2004: 41, figs 5, 10, 37-39;
<emphasis id="85645C739E6C1A444C5869CFDF88F846" bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">syn. n.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EBC2B0F252D1BD7E876D045B274CE5C0" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName id="62194AD1D8B6B425A0643F5D3DD807B0" authorityName="Cokendolpher" authorityYear="2004" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cicurina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cicurina loftini" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="loftini">Cicurina loftini</taxonomicName>
Paquin &amp;
<normalizedToken id="517EA509C650A74311D20D2BE99C7304" originalValue="Dupérré">Duperre</normalizedToken>
, 2009: 27, figs 46-47, 134;
<emphasis id="F4BF3E9E109C7F21ADB204EBBBEA34B3" bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">syn. n.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="74FA437AC4E461BC12BBB55C48C380BF" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="4B9356A99743B34CEDC7584F29E3D1BA" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1F4ECA97133710FF4B68499DA9367BA8" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
Based on well-supported nuclear phylogenomic analyses (Figs
<figureCitation id="FE58C5F3D5FA0D21AEB219197594583F" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Phylogenetic tree from RAxML analysis of 399 UCE loci, 70 % (399 _ 70) occupancy matrix. Bootstrap values below 75 not shown. Geography and morphology highlighted. Abbreviations: ME (= mostly elongate) spermathecae clade, R (= rounded) spermathecae clade. Further details regarding specimen codes and locations found in Suppl. material 5. Inset: sampled Texas counties." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.769.25814.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211928" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">1</figureCitation>
-
<figureCitation id="71B2A9237BA46D1BF3D95B7772BCAB7F" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogenetic tree from BEAST analysis of 399 _ 70 UCE matrix. Posterior probability values above 0.95 shown. Inset: Boxplots of TI values (from Suppl. material 6) for ME and R clade members from Bexar County (for ME clade, two small juveniles and Stahl Cave specimens not included)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.769.25814.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211929" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="9C465BD6D00B681658C95DCEC23BA840" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Morphology of R clade with corresponding 399 _ 70 UCE RAxML phylogeny (not all bootstrap values shown). Holotype female spermathecal images from Paquin and Duperre (2009), used with permission. Images not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.769.25814.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211934" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">7</figureCitation>
), sister taxon to a clade including
<taxonomicName id="9A1D0A40A8E3513956468E3EF3190FB0" lsidName="C. baronia" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" rank="species" species="baronia">
<emphasis id="4E518269A864B42F2D7FAE1578732625" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">C. baronia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0259D5BCAECA755DC0A2DDEAA2B4EA34" lsidName="C. neovespera" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" rank="species" species="neovespera">
<emphasis id="2D9ABEB1EB030D927CF19F5ED30A2831" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">C. neovespera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="C04BA8CC4B23AD16F1A0C7CF06B60BD1" lsidName="C. bullis" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" rank="species" species="bullis">
<emphasis id="D8B5FBD50F9EC6F57B3F28CFB868304D" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">C. bullis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="5350D64CA6E5B3DF7D12A8ABF31FF766" authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1992" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cicurina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cicurina vespera" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespera">
<emphasis id="D86FF465FD885687173B7457C3EDF5DE" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Cicurina vespera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is morphologically very similar to the above taxa (Figure
<figureCitation id="7EC1332B791D48F3D6123327794FCADD" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Morphology of R clade with corresponding 399 _ 70 UCE RAxML phylogeny (not all bootstrap values shown). Holotype female spermathecal images from Paquin and Duperre (2009), used with permission. Images not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.769.25814.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211934" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">7</figureCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="591B8CDC2107807BC01A8E324449DD9D" author="Cokendolpher, JC" journalOrPublisher="Texas Memorial Museum, Speleological Monographs" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" refId="B9" refString="Cokendolpher, JC, 2004. Cicurina spiders from caves in Bexar County, Texas. Texas Memorial Museum Speleological Monographs, 6. Studies on the cave and endogean fauna of North America IV: 13-58." title="Cicurina spiders from caves in Bexar County, Texas. Texas Memorial Museum Speleological Monographs, 6. Studies on the cave and endogean fauna of North America IV: 13 - 58." year="2004">Cokendolpher 2004</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="FED7DDD0522580BF0936C5C4C6D2D220" author="Paquin, P" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 67" refId="B26" refString="Paquin, P, Duperre, N, 2009. A first step towards the revision of Cicurina: redescription of type specimens of 60 troglobitic species of the subgenus Cicurella (Araneae: Dictynidae), and a first visual assessment of their distribution. Zootaxa 2002: 1 - 67" title="A first step towards the revision of Cicurina: redescription of type specimens of 60 troglobitic species of the subgenus Cicurella (Araneae: Dictynidae), and a first visual assessment of their distribution." volume="2002" year="2009">
Paquin and
<normalizedToken id="1850F4AD6EF0666220809AFA038951DE" originalValue="Dupérré">Duperre</normalizedToken>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
), best separated by geographic allopatry (Figure
<figureCitation id="A72B6142F0BEC972513B19BA31160F71" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Distribution of R clade in Bexar and Comal counties, with corresponding 399 _ 70 UCE RAxML phylogeny. Different species designated by different colors. Cave locations approximate." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.769.25814.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211935" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">8</figureCitation>
). This species can be distinguished from neighboring or sympatric ME clade members using genetic data, spermathecal morphology, male palpal morphology, or TI index.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="23C97234970AA079AD66A36069FA9298" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" type="description">
<paragraph id="B6E34D272807AD502B7487F78E82F0EA" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4817DF523670E7F403D863951373E490" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
Female spermathecal morphology as described in
<bibRefCitation id="CAA4A9DA04A7EDE2C289918E981FC556" author="Paquin, P" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 67" refId="B26" refString="Paquin, P, Duperre, N, 2009. A first step towards the revision of Cicurina: redescription of type specimens of 60 troglobitic species of the subgenus Cicurella (Araneae: Dictynidae), and a first visual assessment of their distribution. Zootaxa 2002: 1 - 67" title="A first step towards the revision of Cicurina: redescription of type specimens of 60 troglobitic species of the subgenus Cicurella (Araneae: Dictynidae), and a first visual assessment of their distribution." volume="2002" year="2009">
Paquin and
<normalizedToken id="5EB79FBAB2EB615E67201E309A419555" originalValue="Dupérré">Duperre</normalizedToken>
(2009)
</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="C3B346D5F887C9074E5AB2B7B3739D66" author="Cokendolpher, JC" journalOrPublisher="Texas Memorial Museum, Speleological Monographs" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" refId="B9" refString="Cokendolpher, JC, 2004. Cicurina spiders from caves in Bexar County, Texas. Texas Memorial Museum Speleological Monographs, 6. Studies on the cave and endogean fauna of North America IV: 13-58." title="Cicurina spiders from caves in Bexar County, Texas. Texas Memorial Museum Speleological Monographs, 6. Studies on the cave and endogean fauna of North America IV: 13 - 58." year="2004">Cokendolpher (2004)</bibRefCitation>
. Male palpus with relatively broad, truncate cymbium, compact tegulum, origin of embolus rotated slightly clockwise from 6
<normalizedToken id="804F846DC0E42650A65DAE1AE8552943" originalValue="o’clock">o'clock</normalizedToken>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="43994D2FFC6B15C31ED0B55646B33E86" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Morphology of adult C. loftini with corresponding 399 _ 70 UCE RAxML phylogeny. Imaged specimens highlighted on phylogeny; images of specimen TK _ 188520 from J. Ledford, specimen TK _ 188686 from J. Cokendolpher (via Symbiota Collections of Arthropods Network). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.769.25814.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211936" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">9</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="513B27A76CE83E5020D9AD7D2B83D9ED" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Male palpal morphology of C. madla and C. vespera (left palp, ventral view). Specimens from Stevens Ranch Trash Hole Cave (CIC _ 1745) and Robbers Cave (TX _ 241) from PP personal collection. Image of specimen TK _ 188519 from Joel Ledford. Abbreviations: CB = cymbium, T = tegulum, E = embolus. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.769.25814.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211939" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">12</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BB1CF286E0F8332AC2F9001D651821DA" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7DB69ABE509DA15461AABE2556BBE967" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="73154896DC412890D51C9061E4038C63" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
R clade member known from 16 cave or karst features in the Culebra Anticline KFR (Figure
<figureCitation id="CBE4971BBD487CE931964003C9562610" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Distribution of C. loftini in Culebra Anticline KFR, with corresponding COI RAxML phylogeny. Different mtDNA microclades designated by different colors. Cave locations approximate." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.769.25814.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211937" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">10</figureCitation>
); possibly also from GCBC.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E66538E4B6A5B026E40ABAFBEDB0C31C" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="73FD71FBB26C18FC34B56E8CE8B1483C" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="824D3DEB17A56F25E1DEF5C57A72BC2D" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
The low TI index, rounded spermathecae holotype
<taxonomicName id="D1E4DD03B24EB5ED2CD9ED2B6725CE51" lsidName="C. vespera" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" rank="species" species="vespera">
<emphasis id="E905103FC9E0BCA6F4FA64CE3CAD010E" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">C. vespera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
type specimen is either 1) actually from Bracken Bat Cave, but was mislabeled or placed into an incorrect vial, or 2) is actually from GCBC, and represents a northern disjunct from most Culebra Anticline
<taxonomicName id="F847F229DE44D6AFE0F2EA91A6664A3B" lsidName="C. vespera" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" rank="species" species="vespera">
<emphasis id="3A53E174FB55E3D65E144AD310981475" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">C. vespera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
populations, although we note that direct evidence for such an extension does not exist in the Government Canyon KFR (Figure
<figureCitation id="34B5BB73756428CD8BA59B764A5C4D82" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Anomalous geographic distribution of C. venii and C. vespera type specimens. All views ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.769.25814.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211938" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">11</figureCitation>
). If the latter, rare sympatry must exist in GCBC, as other known specimens from this location represent
<taxonomicName id="3D736AA7D9CCD98F6656AF30E54C8EB1" lsidName="C. madla" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" rank="species" species="madla">
<emphasis id="6833BCA32D8561911821805399333EA3" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">C. madla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="8BE4729A4E1BB1F87CAAFDF8254E2F84" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1304621" doi="10.3897/zookeys.769.25814.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211939" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
<paragraph id="A3F7DC882FC2D381A747C24CF84418D6" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="BD6B0BC342BDF1CB15F16B341960049E" bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Figure 12.</emphasis>
Male palpal morphology of
<taxonomicName id="4242A588EE63BD17DA28D56EB265D519" lsidName="C. madla" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" rank="species" species="madla">
<emphasis id="DE0BDAAB754858122E2F90770FC3285A" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">C. madla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="CFCE23B572849D697E403732909B6D2B" lsidName="C. vespera" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" rank="species" species="vespera">
<emphasis id="4AD7CDED02E07C871D5540629CD96124" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">C. vespera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(left palp, ventral view). Specimens from Stevens Ranch Trash Hole Cave (CIC_1745) and Robbers Cave (TX_241) from PP personal collection. Image of specimen TK_188519 from Joel Ledford. Abbreviations: CB = cymbium, T = tegulum, E = embolus. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>
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