359 lines
36 KiB
XML
359 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="FA816B5A233403EA8F42897A7BA74FEE" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3925.1.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="961d7957-100b-442d-8bee-1a4625c05382" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="237179" ID-ZooBank="DD42F265-4CD5-4A36-9557-5C63586F5BDD" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461000163044" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ru, Bruno Le, Capdevielle-Dulac, Claire, Conlong, Desmond, Pallangyo, Beatrice, Berg, Johnnie Van Den, Ong’Amo, George & Kergoat, Gael J." docDate="2015" docId="325287D81D594133FF4AFF1CFD28C5F6" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03925p074.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3925 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Conicofrontia sesamoides Hampson 1902" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" masterDocId="CE6BFFA01D52413FFFDDFF8BFF81C402" masterDocTitle="A revision of the genus Conicofrontia Hampson (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Apameini, Sesamiina), with description of a new species: new insights from morphological, ecological and molecular data" updateTime="1698564083157" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="846745654AD3636651AF707915623B8C">A revision of the genus Conicofrontia Hampson (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Apameini, Sesamiina), with description of a new species: new insights from morphological, ecological and molecular data</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BC0F14AE0C0C31044595C72AD52846A8">Ru, Bruno Le</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BC39F2332CF4E6FE728442BC4E5A172C">Capdevielle-Dulac, Claire</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3AF9553A7CE179C3BAF7EEF97EECD84D">Conlong, Desmond</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="00557D96472B18A3800A5A554D38750A">Pallangyo, Beatrice</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="417700895B66CA85454ECEF199D60E00">Berg, Johnnie Van Den</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D8D06EA4BAA14B960188349B4677C03B">Ong’Amo, George</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DB4792AB6999ABFA9C841BD4B1BE3D07">Kergoat, Gael J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="0A62C975E7F92F8219DB71CD281BB2C5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="46C53EAB81793E383CE0E928A1C7307B">
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<mods:date id="0F1C3BAD4D51828C8A411EC649755D91">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A36DF2D0CC8EEE5BF0BC5D6CC9A486B9">3925</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="0BA87B620688B6C110B8C54D64F15FDF" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3925.1.4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="325287D81D594133FF4AFF1CFD28C5F6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5672448" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119598442" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5672448" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:325287D81D594133FF4AFF1CFD28C5F6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/325287D81D594133FF4AFF1CFD28C5F6" lastPageId="12" pageId="11">
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<subSubSection id="F2E165451D594134FF4AFF1CFE4FC4D1" pageId="11" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="BA4436CE1D594134FF4AFF1CFD19C4B0" blockId="11.[151,664,151,211]" box="[151,664,151,178]" pageId="11">
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<heading id="E10C81A21D594134FF4AFF1CFD19C4B0" bold="true" box="[151,664,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="7DFB4D4D1D594134FF4AFF1CFD19C4B0" authority="Hampson, 1902" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1902" box="[151,664,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Conicofrontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sesamoides">
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<emphasis id="888FEADC1D594134FF4AFF1CFD19C4B0" bold="true" box="[151,664,151,178]" pageId="11">
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<emphasis id="888FEADC1D594134FF4AFF1CFE4FC4B3" bold="true" box="[151,462,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="11">Conicofrontia sesamoides</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="DE6A4B3F1D594134FE0BFF13FD19C4B0" author="Hampson" box="[470,664,152,178]" pageId="11" refString="Hampson, G. F (1902) The moths of South Africa (Part II). Annals of the South African Museum, 2, 255 - 446." type="journal article" year="1902">Hampson, 1902</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BA4436CE1D594134FF4AFF31FE4FC4D1" blockId="11.[151,664,151,211]" box="[151,462,186,211]" pageId="11">
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(
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<figureCitation id="22C02A4B1D594134FF42FF31FF6DC4D1" box="[159,236,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1954,1976]" captionTargetBox="[163,1414,201,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[158,1429,193,1933]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Adults of Conicofrontia species (C. lilomwa and C. sesamoides). Scale bar = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/237181/files/figure.png" pageId="11">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
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e–2h, 3d, 3h, 3l, 4d)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F2E165451D594134FF4AFE89FB65C535" pageId="11" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="BA4436CE1D594134FF4AFE89FDF9C51A" blockId="11.[151,1252,258,311]" box="[151,632,258,280]" pageId="11">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="9AEB11E01D594134FF4AFE89FDF9C51A" box="[151,632,258,280]" pageId="11">
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<taxonomicName id="7DFB4D4D1D594134FF4AFE89FDF4C51A" authority="Hampson, 1902:296" authorityName="Hampson" authorityPageNumber="296" authorityYear="1902" box="[151,629,258,280]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Conicofrontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sesamoides">
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<emphasis id="888FEADC1D594134FF4AFE89FE1CC51A" box="[151,413,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="11">Conicofrontia sesamoides</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="3B5A10DF1D594134FE79FE88FDF4C51A" author="Hampson" box="[420,629,258,280]" page="296" pageId="11" year="1902">
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<bibRefCitation id="DE6A4B3F1D594134FE79FE88FDC9C51A" author="Hampson" box="[420,584,258,280]" pageId="11" refString="Hampson, G. F (1902) The moths of South Africa (Part II). Annals of the South African Museum, 2, 255 - 446." type="journal article" year="1902">Hampson, 1902</bibRefCitation>
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:296
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BA4436CE1D594134FF4AFEAAFB65C535" blockId="11.[151,1252,258,311]" box="[151,1252,289,311]" pageId="11">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="9AEB11E01D594134FF4AFEAAFB65C535" box="[151,1252,289,311]" pageId="11">
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<taxonomicName id="7DFB4D4D1D594134FF4AFEAAFE1CC535" ID-CoL="XLWR" box="[151,413,289,311]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Conicofrontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sesamiodes">
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<emphasis id="888FEADC1D594134FF4AFEAAFE1CC535" box="[151,413,289,311]" italics="true" pageId="11">Conicofrontia sesamiodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(ex errore)
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<treatmentCitation id="3B5A10DF1D594134FDCBFEA9FD62C535" author="Hampson" box="[534,739,289,311]" page="338" pageId="11" year="1910">
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<bibRefCitation id="DE6A4B3F1D594134FDCBFEA9FD39C535" author="Hampson" box="[534,696,289,311]" pageId="11" refString="Hampson, G. F. (1910) Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the collection of the British Museum (Nat. Hist.). IX. Noctuidae. Taylor and Francis, London, 552 pp." type="book" year="1910">Hampson, 1910</bibRefCitation>
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:338
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</treatmentCitation>
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(recte
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<taxonomicName id="7DFB4D4D1D594134FCF4FEAAFC1DC535" box="[809,924,289,311]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Conicofrontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sesamoides">
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<emphasis id="888FEADC1D594134FCF4FEAAFC1DC535" box="[809,924,289,311]" italics="true" pageId="11">sesamoides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<treatmentCitation id="3B5A10DF1D594134FC60FEA9FB59C535" author="Tams" box="[957,1240,289,311]" page="651" pageId="11" year="1953">
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<bibRefCitation id="DE6A4B3F1D594134FC60FEA9FB2DC535" author="Tams" box="[957,1196,289,311]" pageId="11" refString="Tams, W. H. T. & Bowden, J. (1953) A revision of the African species of Sesamia Guenee and related genera (Agrotidae- Lepidoptera). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 43, 645 - 678. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300026717" type="journal article" year="1953">Tams & Bowden, 1953</bibRefCitation>
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:651
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</treatmentCitation>
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).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F2E165451D594134FF4AFEEFFD2BC72E" pageId="11" type="materials_examined">
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<emphasis id="888FEADC1D594134FF4AFEEFFECBC57F" bold="true" box="[151,330,356,381]" pageId="11">
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<typeStatus id="6540886C1D594134FF4AFEEFFF53C57F" box="[151,210,356,381]" pageId="11">Type</typeStatus>
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material.
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</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="6540886C1D594134FE8AFEEFFE3EC57F" box="[343,447,356,381]" pageId="11" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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(female) of
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<taxonomicName id="7DFB4D4D1D594134FD86FEEFFC05C57E" box="[603,900,356,380]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Conicofrontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sesamoides">
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<emphasis id="888FEADC1D594134FD86FEEFFC05C57E" box="[603,900,356,380]" italics="true" pageId="11">Conicofrontia sesamoides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<emphasis id="888FEADC1D594134FC45FEEFFBC1C57F" bold="true" box="[920,1088,356,381]" pageId="11">
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<collectingCountry id="C2EC765E1D594134FC45FEEFFBBDC57F" box="[920,1084,356,381]" name="South Africa" pageId="11">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Eastern Cape formerly Cape Colony, Transkei, no locality name, no collection date, Agrotidae genitalia slide 1212, 1947-345 [
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<collectionCode id="DCEAAE0B1D594134FB01FE03FAB8C59D" box="[1244,1337,392,415]" pageId="11">BMNH</collectionCode>
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].
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="888FEADC1D594134FF1AFE27FDABC5C7" bold="true" box="[199,554,428,453]" pageId="11">
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Other material:
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<collectingCountry id="C2EC765E1D594134FE52FE27FDABC5C7" box="[399,554,428,453]" name="South Africa" pageId="11">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<specimenCount id="ACFDFD471D594134FDE6FE27FDDEC5C6" box="[571,607,428,452]" pageId="11" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
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, Kwazulu-Natal, Durban,
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<date id="CE45100E1D594134FC50FE27FC6BC5C7" box="[909,1002,428,453]" pageId="11" value="1909-12">xii.1909</date>
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[Agrotidae genitalia slide 1214] (G.F. Leigh, Coll.) [
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<collectionCode id="DCEAAE0B1D594134FEE9FE5BFE10C5E5" box="[308,401,464,487]" pageId="11">BMNH</collectionCode>
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];
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<specimenCount id="ACFDFD471D594134FE7EFE5BFE49C5EA" box="[419,456,464,488]" pageId="11" type="generic">2♂</specimenCount>
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, 2♀, Kwazulu-Natal, Karkloof River,
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<geoCoordinate id="DFCF50091D594134FCA9FE44FB85C5EA" box="[884,1028,463,488]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" precision="1" value="-29.2236">29°13.416’S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="DFCF50091D594134FBD2FE44FB1EC5EA" box="[1039,1183,463,488]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" precision="1" value="30.3576">30°21.456’E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="7D039B2B1D594134FB76FE5BFB79C5EA" box="[1195,1272,464,488]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.128" pageId="11" unit="m" value="1128.0">1128m</quantity>
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a.s.l.,
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<date id="CE45100E1D594134FA9DFE44FA19C5EA" box="[1344,1432,463,488]" pageId="11" value="2009-11">xi.2009</date>
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, ex larvae in
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<taxonomicName id="7DFB4D4D1D594134FEFAFE7FFD93C60E" box="[295,530,500,524]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Miscanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capensis">
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<emphasis id="888FEADC1D594134FEFAFE7FFD93C60E" box="[295,530,500,524]" italics="true" pageId="11">Miscanthus capensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(B. Le Ru, leg.) [
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<collectionCode id="DCEAAE0B1D594134FD3FFE7FFCC1C609" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[738,832,500,523]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="11">MNHN</collectionCode>
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]; 1♀, Kwazulu-Natal, Karkloof Forest,
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<geoCoordinate id="DFCF50091D594134FAD5FE7FFA19C60E" box="[1288,1432,500,524]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" precision="1" value="-29.271366">29°16.282’S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="DFCF50091D594134FF4AFD93FEA9C632" box="[151,296,536,560]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" precision="1" value="30.35635">30°21.381’E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="7D039B2B1D594134FEEEFD93FE0EC632" box="[307,399,536,560]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2913" pageId="11" unit="m" value="12913.0">12913m</quantity>
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a.s.l.,
|
||
<date id="CE45100E1D594134FE05FD9CFDAEC632" box="[472,559,535,560]" pageId="11" value="2009-11">xi.2009</date>
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, ex larvae in
|
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<emphasis id="888FEADC1D594134FD19FD92FCD1C62D" box="[708,848,536,560]" italics="true" pageId="11">
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<taxonomicName id="7DFB4D4D1D594134FD19FD92FCCDC62D" box="[708,844,536,560]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Miscanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capensis">M. capensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
|
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[1♀ gen. prep.
|
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<collectionCode id="DCEAAE0B1D594134FBDDFD93FBC8C62D" box="[1024,1097,536,559]" pageId="11">LERU</collectionCode>
|
||
Bruno/G302] (B. Le Ru, leg.) [
|
||
<collectionCode id="DCEAAE0B1D594134FF40FDB6FF7AC656" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[157,251,573,596]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="11">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
];
|
||
<specimenCount id="ACFDFD471D594134FED3FDB7FEB2C656" box="[270,307,572,596]" pageId="11" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, 1♀, Kwazulu-Natal, Schevers Farm,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DFCF50091D594134FD3EFDB7FCF2C656" box="[739,883,572,596]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" precision="1" value="-29.174133">29°10.448’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DFCF50091D594134FCA2FDB7FB8EC656" box="[895,1039,572,596]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" precision="1" value="30.35405">30°21.243’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="7D039B2B1D594134FBC1FDB7FBEBC657" box="[1052,1130,572,597]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.053" pageId="11" unit="m" value="1053.0">1053m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.,
|
||
<date id="CE45100E1D594134FB69FDB7FA8DC657" box="[1204,1292,572,597]" pageId="11" value="2009-11">xi.2009</date>
|
||
, ex larvae in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DFB4D4D1D594134FF4AFDEAFE9EC675" box="[151,287,608,632]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Miscanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="888FEADC1D594134FF4AFDEAFE9EC675" box="[151,287,608,632]" italics="true" pageId="11">M. capensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(B. Le Ru, leg.) [
|
||
<collectionCode id="DCEAAE0B1D594134FE2FFDEBFDD1C675" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[498,592,608,631]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="11">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
];
|
||
<specimenCount id="ACFDFD471D594134FDB8FDEBFD0BC67A" box="[613,650,608,632]" pageId="11" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, 1♀, Kwazulu-Natal, Oak Hotel,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DFCF50091D594134FBCCFDEBFB21C67A" box="[1041,1184,608,632]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" precision="1" value="-29.8197">29°49.182’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DFCF50091D594134FB72FDEBFAC1C67A" box="[1199,1344,608,632]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" precision="1" value="30.173567">30°10.414’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="7D039B2B1D594134FA93FDD4FA1DC67A" box="[1358,1436,607,632]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.069" pageId="11" unit="m" value="1069.0">1069m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.,
|
||
<date id="CE45100E1D594134FF06FD0FFEB2C69F" box="[219,307,644,669]" pageId="11" value="2009-11">xi.2009</date>
|
||
, ex larvae in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DFB4D4D1D594134FE0CFD0EFDD8C69E" box="[465,601,645,668]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Miscanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="888FEADC1D594134FE0CFD0EFDD8C69E" box="[465,601,645,668]" italics="true" pageId="11">M. capensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<specimenCount id="ACFDFD471D594134FDB6FD0FFD0EC69E" box="[619,655,644,668]" pageId="11" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
gen. prep.
|
||
<collectionCode id="DCEAAE0B1D594134FCC9FD0EFCDCC69E" box="[788,861,645,668]" pageId="11">LERU</collectionCode>
|
||
Bruno/G306] (B. Le Ru, leg.) [
|
||
<collectionCode id="DCEAAE0B1D594134FB11FD0EFAABC69E" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[1228,1322,645,668]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="11">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
];
|
||
<specimenCount id="ACFDFD471D594134FAE3FD0FFAE2C69E" box="[1342,1379,644,668]" pageId="11" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, 1♀, Kwazulu-Natal, Minerva Game Reserve,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DFCF50091D594134FD5AFD2CFC97C6C2" box="[647,790,679,704]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" precision="1" value="-29.787916">29°47.275’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DFCF50091D594134FCF4FD23FC3BC6C2" box="[809,954,680,704]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" precision="1" value="30.1862">30°11.172’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="7D039B2B1D594134FC10FD2CFB9AC6C2" box="[973,1051,679,704]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.584" pageId="11" unit="m" value="1584.0">1584m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.,
|
||
<date id="CE45100E1D594134FBAEFD2CFB4BC6C2" box="[1139,1226,679,704]" pageId="11" value="2009-11">xi.2009</date>
|
||
, ex larvae in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DFB4D4D1D594134FAA0FD22FF76C6E6" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Miscanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="888FEADC1D594134FAA0FD22FF76C6E6" italics="true" pageId="11">M. capensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<specimenCount id="ACFDFD471D594134FED4FD47FEACC6E6" box="[265,301,716,740]" pageId="11" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
gen. prep.
|
||
<collectionCode id="DCEAAE0B1D594134FE6CFD47FE7BC6E1" box="[433,506,716,739]" pageId="11">LERU</collectionCode>
|
||
Bruno/G642, 1♀ gen. prep.
|
||
<collectionCode id="DCEAAE0B1D594134FC9AFD47FC11C6E1" box="[839,912,716,739]" pageId="11">LERU</collectionCode>
|
||
Bruno/G305] (B. Le Ru, leg.) [
|
||
<collectionCode id="DCEAAE0B1D594134FB22FD47FADCC6E1" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[1279,1373,716,739]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="11">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
]; 1♀, Eastern Cape, Slykraal,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DFCF50091D594134FE77FD64FDBBC70A" box="[426,570,751,776]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" precision="1" value="-33.36975">33°22.185’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DFCF50091D594134FD9AFD64FD59C70A" box="[583,728,751,776]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" precision="1" value="26.476418">26°28.585’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="7D039B2B1D594134FD3BFD7BFCA4C70A" box="[742,805,752,776]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4799999999999995" pageId="11" unit="m" value="348.0">348m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.,
|
||
<date id="CE45100E1D594134FCAFFD64FC48C70A" box="[882,969,751,776]" pageId="11" value="2009-11">xi.2009</date>
|
||
, ex larvae in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DFB4D4D1D594134FBB8FD7AFB6DC705" box="[1125,1260,752,776]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Miscanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="888FEADC1D594134FBB8FD7AFB6DC705" box="[1125,1260,752,776]" italics="true" pageId="11">M. capensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[1♀ gen. prep.
|
||
<collectionCode id="DCEAAE0B1D594134FF4AFC9EFF61C72E" box="[151,224,789,812]" pageId="11">LERU</collectionCode>
|
||
Bruno/G307] (B. Le Ru, leg.) [
|
||
<collectionCode id="DCEAAE0B1D594134FD9CFC9EFD21C72E" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[577,672,789,812]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="11">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F2E165451D594133FF1AFCBCFB0FC542" lastPageId="12" pageId="11" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="BA4436CE1D594134FF1AFCBCFB99C127" blockId="11.[151,1437,356,2037]" pageId="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="888FEADC1D594134FF1AFCBCFEF5C752" bold="true" box="[199,372,823,848]" pageId="11">Redescription.</emphasis>
|
||
The female
|
||
<typeStatus id="6540886C1D594134FDDDFCBCFDE3C752" box="[512,610,823,848]" pageId="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DE6A4B3F1D594134FDADFCB3FC9FC752" author="Hampson" box="[624,798,824,848]" pageId="11" refString="Hampson, G. F (1902) The moths of South Africa (Part II). Annals of the South African Museum, 2, 255 - 446." type="journal article" year="1902">Hampson 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and the male have been poorly described. Like for other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DFB4D4D1D594134FF4AFCD7FEB2C776" box="[151,307,860,884]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Conicofrontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="888FEADC1D594134FF4AFCD7FEB2C776" box="[151,307,860,884]" italics="true" pageId="11">Conicofrontia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp., the general shape of the female’s forewing is more elongated at the apex than that of the male. Additions to the previous descriptions (
|
||
<figureCitation id="22C02A4B1D594134FD84FCF4FD29C79A" box="[601,680,895,920]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1954,1976]" captionTargetBox="[163,1414,201,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[158,1429,193,1933]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Adults of Conicofrontia species (C. lilomwa and C. sesamoides). Scale bar = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/237181/files/figure.png" pageId="11">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
e–2h): antennae ochreous, filiform in female, serrate in male, cilia short, fasciculate, flagellum adorned dorsally with brown scales, palpus ochreous. Head and front of thorax ochreous brown, tegulae bisque, legs brown ringed with bisque, abdomen bisque suffused with brown scales. Forewing: male: a longitudinal dark brown fascia from the base along the lower margin of the cell partly within the cell, partly without, extending to just before the termen; the cell bisque, all other areas (costa, apex, termen and inner margin) bisque suffused with brown scales; a small subterminal black spot on vein 5, a postmedial row of 3–4 black spots between the veins, all veins towards the apex adorned with bisque scales. Fringe bisque adorned successively with a narrow basal grey line, a thick bisque line and a thick brown line. Hindwing; grey strongly suffused with brown scales; fringe bisque with a thick wide basal line highlighted in the middle with a narrow brown line. Underside of the forewing buff, costa, apex and inner margin bisque suffused with brown scales, less suffusion in the inner margin. Underside of hindwing bisque suffused with brown scales but more densely on costa and apex. The wing pattern of the female is very similar but all colours brighter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA4436CE1D594134FF1AFABBFC37C14A" blockId="11.[151,1437,356,2037]" box="[199,950,1327,1352]" pageId="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="888FEADC1D594134FF1AFABBFEB7C145" box="[199,310,1328,1351]" italics="true" pageId="11">Wingspan</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="7D039B2B1D594134FEE1FABBFE34C14A" box="[316,437,1328,1352]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="11" unit="mm" value="25.5" valueMax="27.0" valueMin="24.0">24–27 mm</quantity>
|
||
(males) (n = 9);
|
||
<quantity id="7D039B2B1D594134FDAFFAA4FD6AC14A" box="[626,747,1327,1352]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="11" unit="mm" value="28.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="26.0">26–30 mm</quantity>
|
||
(females) (n = 9).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA4436CE1D594134FF1AFADFFBA0C16F" blockId="11.[151,1437,356,2037]" box="[199,1057,1364,1389]" pageId="11">Male (27-24-24-25-25-27-25-25-26), Female (29-30-28-27-29-26-29-30-25)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA4436CE1D594134FF1AFAF3FAFFC28F" blockId="11.[151,1437,356,2037]" pageId="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="888FEADC1D594134FF1AFAF3FEECC192" box="[199,365,1400,1424]" italics="true" pageId="11">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="22C02A4B1D594134FEA3FAFCFE4CC192" box="[382,461,1399,1424]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1889,1911]" captionTargetBox="[233,1346,205,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[233,1355,193,1858]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Genitalia of Conicofrontia species. Scale bar = scale bar = 1 mm and 0.5 mm for male penis. Conicofrontia bipartita: 3 a—male genitalia, 3 e—male penis, 3 i—female genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/237182/files/figure.png" pageId="11">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
d, 3h). Uncus long and wide, tapering to a fine point and tufted with long hair on the upperside; tegumen with medium-size rounded peniculi, vinculum with medium-size triangular saccus; valves elongate and narrow; cucullus elongate, rounded at apex and tufted with medium size hairs; sacculus with an heavily sclerotized and dentate clavus pointed to the apex, all dents with the same size; the presence of a sclerotized and heavily dentate plate across the upper edge of the sacculus, costal margin with a small sclerotized ridge-like expansion roundly pointed and slightly curved inwardly; the juxta plate-like narrowing at the tip. Aedeagus short, slightly curved, manica with a two-lobed sclerotization, less than one fifth length of the aedeagus, ending in a spinose tip; vesica with two small dentate ventral cornuti, less than one sixth length of the aedeagus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA4436CE1D594134FF1AF913FB02C342" blockId="11.[151,1437,356,2037]" pageId="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="888FEADC1D594134FF1AF913FE07C2B2" box="[199,390,1688,1712]" italics="true" pageId="11">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="22C02A4B1D594134FE48F91CFE58C2B2" box="[405,473,1687,1712]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1889,1911]" captionTargetBox="[233,1346,205,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[233,1355,193,1858]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Genitalia of Conicofrontia species. Scale bar = scale bar = 1 mm and 0.5 mm for male penis. Conicofrontia bipartita: 3 a—male genitalia, 3 e—male penis, 3 i—female genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/237182/files/figure.png" pageId="11">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
l). Corpus bursae long and cylindrical with one signa; ductus seminalis from the basal part of the bursa; ductus bursae short, broad and strongly sclerotized on the ostium side; ventral plate of ostium bursae sclerotized bilobate deeply invaginated at middle, thus forming an oval-shaped ventral wall of antrum; dorsal plate large, broad, weakly sclerotized. Ovipositor lobes short and wide (2.5 times longer than wide) with many stout bristles in addition to the small setae and an apical crest of short stout bristles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA4436CE1D594134FF1AF8C6FCB6C3AE" blockId="11.[151,1437,356,2037]" pageId="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="888FEADC1D594134FF1AF8C6FE96C366" box="[199,279,1869,1892]" italics="true" pageId="11">Larvae</emphasis>
|
||
L5 instar (
|
||
<figureCitation id="22C02A4B1D594134FE41F8C7FE65C367" box="[412,484,1868,1893]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,862,884]" captionTargetBox="[172,1412,193,840]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[172,1416,193,841]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Last instar larvae of Conicofrontia species. Scale bar = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/237183/files/figure.png" pageId="11">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
d): length,
|
||
<quantity id="7D039B2B1D594134FDBEF8C7FD56C367" box="[611,727,1868,1893]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="11" unit="mm" value="32.5" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="30.0">30–35mm</quantity>
|
||
, width,
|
||
<quantity id="7D039B2B1D594134FCE5F8C7FC14C366" box="[824,917,1868,1893]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="11" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
; head smooth, red brown, prothoracic shield orange brown; body with ground colour buff, dorsally suffused with pink, pinacula and caudal plate orange brown. Young larvae are very similar in appearance to mature ones.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA4436CE1D594133FF1AF833FB0FC542" blockId="11.[151,1437,356,2037]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,501]" lastPageId="12" pageId="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="888FEADC1D594134FF1AF833FECBC3D3" bold="true" box="[199,330,1976,2001]" pageId="11">Bionomics.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DFB4D4D1D594134FE89F833FDF9C3D2" box="[340,632,1976,2000]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Conicofrontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sesamoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="888FEADC1D594134FE89F833FDF9C3D2" box="[340,632,1976,2000]" italics="true" pageId="11">Conicofrontia sesamoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a markedly hygrophilous species inhabiting grasses along banks of streams, rivers and marshes. Larvae were collected at the bottom of young stems
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DFB4D4D1D594134FB80F857FACBC3F6" box="[1117,1354,2012,2036]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Miscanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="888FEADC1D594134FB80F857FACBC3F6" box="[1117,1354,2012,2036]" italics="true" pageId="11">Miscanthus capensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
stems, always solitary. Typically, plants exhibiting signs of infestation by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DFB4D4D1D5E4133FC7FFF13FBC4C4B2" box="[930,1093,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Conicofrontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sesamoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="888FEADC1D5E4133FC7FFF13FBC4C4B2" box="[930,1093,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="12">C. sesamoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae have a curled, brown, central leaf. Damaged stems had a small hole (ca.
|
||
<quantity id="7D039B2B1D5E4133FD1AFF37FC86C4D6" box="[711,775,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
diameter) located approximately
|
||
<quantity id="7D039B2B1D5E4133FB5DFF37FB44C4D6" box="[1152,1221,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
|
||
from ground level. We suspect that the larvae disperse when they reach the fourth instar. No pupae were found in stems, and therefore borers probably pupate in the soil. Infestation of sugar cane fields,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DFB4D4D1D5E4133FC76FE8FFAABC51F" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" box="[939,1322,260,285]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Saccharum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="officinarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="888FEADC1D5E4133FC76FE8FFB37C51E" box="[939,1206,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="12">Saccharum officinarum</emphasis>
|
||
Linnaeus
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was also recently observed in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C2EC765E1D5E4133FE77FEACFD45C542" box="[426,708,295,320]" name="South Africa" pageId="12">Republic of South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
by Bruno Le Ru (Y. Assefa. pers. com.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F2E165451D5E4133FF1AFEC7FBDFC58A" pageId="12" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="BA4436CE1D5E4133FF1AFEC7FBDFC58A" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="888FEADC1D5E4133FF1AFEC7FEE1C567" bold="true" box="[199,352,332,357]" pageId="12">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C2EC765E1D5E4133FEADFEC7FD29C567" box="[368,680,332,357]" name="South Africa" pageId="12">Republic of South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The ten records are from Afromontane (Mosaic no 19) and Afromontane related (Mosaic n° 20, 24, 48) vegetation mosaics (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DE6A4B3F1D5E4133FCB3FEE4FC75C58A" author="White" box="[878,1012,367,392]" pageId="12" refString="White, F. (1983) The vegetation of Africa, a descriptive memoir to accompany the UNESCO / AETFAT / UNSO vegetation map of Africa. UNESCO, Natural Resources Research, 20, 1 - 356." type="journal article" year="1983">White 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="22C02A4B1D5E4133FBD1FEE4FBD1C58A" box="[1036,1104,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1691,1713]" captionTargetBox="[234,1344,544,1690]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[233,1354,531,1692]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. Distribution map of sampled Conicofrontia and Hygrostola specimens." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/237185/files/figure.png" pageId="12">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F2E165451D5E4133FF1AFE1FFD28C5F6" pageId="12" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="BA4436CE1D5E4133FF1AFE1FFD28C5F6" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="888FEADC1D5E4133FF1AFE1FFEBAC5AF" bold="true" box="[199,315,404,429]" pageId="12">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Easily separated from other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DFB4D4D1D5E4133FD4CFE1FFCACC5AE" box="[657,813,404,428]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Conicofrontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="888FEADC1D5E4133FD4CFE1FFCACC5AE" box="[657,813,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="12">Conicofrontia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species with the long juxta plate-like, dentate clavus pointed to the apex and the ventral plate of ostium bursae sclerotized bilobate deeply invaginated at middle, thus forming an oval-shaped ventral wall of antrum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |