treatments-xml/data/31/3A/87/313A87D7FF8B6B6EAE252763FF1A4FA0.xml
2024-06-21 12:32:55 +02:00

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<document ID-ISSN="1464-5262" approvalRequired="33" approvalRequired_for_originalDoi="1" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="14" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="17" approvalRequired_for_treatments="1" checkinTime="1630026853140" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Lee, Won Je &amp; Patterson, David J." docDate="2000" docId="313A87D7FF8B6B6EAE252763FF1A4FA0" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.34.4.483-562.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 34" docStyle="DocumentStyle:B6EF65DE5B4D2965D4D236BA736D172F.2:JNatHist.2000-2002.journal_article.2cover" docStyleId="B6EF65DE5B4D2965D4D236BA736D172F" docStyleName="JNatHist.2000-2002.journal_article.2cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Protaspis gemmifera Larsen and Patterson 1990" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="544" masterDocId="CD03FFAFFFB46B2EAF3D2531FFA64F40" masterDocTitle="Heterotrophic ¯ agellates (Protista) from marine sediments of Botany Bay, Australia" masterLastPageNumber="562" masterPageNumber="483" pageNumber="544" updateTime="1674653143356" updateUser="juliana" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title>Heterotrophic ¯ agellates (Protista) from marine sediments of Botany Bay, Australia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Lee, Won Je</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Patterson, David J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title>Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2000</mods:date>
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<mods:number>34</mods:number>
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<paragraph blockId="63.[280,834,562,650]" box="[280,834,594,618]" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">
<heading box="[280,834,594,618]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" reason="3">
<taxonomicName authority="Larsen and Patterson, 1990" authorityName="Larsen and Patterson" authorityYear="1990" box="[280,834,594,618]" class="Imbricatea" family="Thaumatomastigidae" genus="Protaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thaumatomonadida" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" phylum="Cercozoa" rank="species" species="gemmifera">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[280,510,594,618]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">Protaspis gemmifera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="LARSEN, J. &amp; PATTERSON, D. J." box="[519,834,594,618]" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" pagination="937" refId="ref41333" refString="LARSEN, J. and PATTERSON, D. J., 1990, Some ¯ agellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments, Journal of Natural History, 24, 801 ± 937." type="journal article" year="1990">Larsen and Patterson, 1990</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="63.[280,834,562,650]" box="[450,664,626,650]" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">(®gures 22i, 23f±h)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="545" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="63.[79,1035,679,1691]" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">
<emphasis box="[120,253,680,703]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">Description.</emphasis>
Cell outline oval or roundish, 9±16 Mm long and 9±11 Mm wide, dorso-ventrally ¯attened. Cell surface is rather warty. Two ¯agella insert subapically in an indistinct ventral furrow. The anterior ¯agellum is as long as the cell and the posterior ¯agellum is about 1.3±3 times the cell length. The posterior ¯agellum inserts in an antero-posterio r line of the anterior ¯agellum and trails behind the cell. The nucleus is situated anteriorly below the ¯agellar insertion, has caps and is roundish. Reserve material may be present as oval or rod shaped bodies. Glides very fast with the anterior ¯agellum. Produces pseudopodia from the ventral furrow. Sometimes commonly observed. Description based on observations of 33 cells.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="63.[79,1035,679,1691]" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">
<emphasis box="[120,226,965,989]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">Remarks.</emphasis>
Generally, our observations agree with the original description of
<bibRefCitation author="LARSEN, J. &amp; PATTERSON, D. J." box="[79,424,997,1021]" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" pagination="937" refId="ref41333" refString="LARSEN, J. and PATTERSON, D. J., 1990, Some ¯ agellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments, Journal of Natural History, 24, 801 ± 937." type="journal article" year="1990">Larsen and Patterson (1990)</bibRefCitation>
although they did not refer to the warty surface.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Larsen and Patterson" authorityYear="1990" box="[79,311,1029,1053]" class="Imbricatea" family="Thaumatomastigidae" genus="Protaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thaumatomonadida" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" phylum="Cercozoa" rank="species" species="gemmifera">
<emphasis box="[79,311,1029,1053]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">Protaspis gemmifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was recorded from
<collectingCountry box="[550,617,1029,1053]" name="Brazil" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">Brazil</collectingCountry>
and North Atlantic by
<bibRefCitation author="LARSEN, J. &amp; PATTERSON, D. J." pageId="63" pageNumber="544" pagination="937" refId="ref41333" refString="LARSEN, J. and PATTERSON, D. J., 1990, Some ¯ agellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments, Journal of Natural History, 24, 801 ± 937." type="journal article" year="1990">Larsen and Patterson (1990)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation author="PATTERSON, D. J. &amp; NYGAARD, K. &amp; STEINBERG, G. &amp; TURLEY, C." box="[335,597,1061,1085]" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" pagination="95" refId="ref42336" refString="PATTERSON, D. J., NYGAARD, K., STEINBERG, G. and TURLEY, C., 1993, Heterotrophic ¯ agellates and other protists associated with oceanic detritus throughout the water column in the mid North Atlantic, Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 73, 67 ± 95." type="journal article" year="1993">
Patterson
<emphasis box="[452,503,1061,1085]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">et al</emphasis>
. (1993)
</bibRefCitation>
, respectively. Cell lengths were previously reported as 10±17 Mm (
<bibRefCitation author="LARSEN, J. &amp; PATTERSON, D. J." box="[424,746,1093,1117]" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" pagination="937" refId="ref41333" refString="LARSEN, J. and PATTERSON, D. J., 1990, Some ¯ agellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments, Journal of Natural History, 24, 801 ± 937." type="journal article" year="1990">Larsen and Patterson, 1990</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="PATTERSON, D. J. &amp; NYGAARD, K. &amp; STEINBERG, G. &amp; TURLEY, C." box="[765,1015,1093,1117]" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" pagination="95" refId="ref42336" refString="PATTERSON, D. J., NYGAARD, K., STEINBERG, G. and TURLEY, C., 1993, Heterotrophic ¯ agellates and other protists associated with oceanic detritus throughout the water column in the mid North Atlantic, Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 73, 67 ± 95." type="journal article" year="1993">
Patterson
<emphasis box="[884,936,1093,1117]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">et al</emphasis>
., 1993
</bibRefCitation>
). Nuclear caps were not seen in any of the cells described by
<bibRefCitation author="PATTERSON, D. J. &amp; NYGAARD, K. &amp; STEINBERG, G. &amp; TURLEY, C." box="[775,1035,1125,1149]" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" pagination="95" refId="ref42336" refString="PATTERSON, D. J., NYGAARD, K., STEINBERG, G. and TURLEY, C., 1993, Heterotrophic ¯ agellates and other protists associated with oceanic detritus throughout the water column in the mid North Atlantic, Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 73, 67 ± 95." type="journal article" year="1993">
Patterson
<emphasis box="[893,943,1125,1149]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">et al</emphasis>
. (1993)
</bibRefCitation>
but this character may have been overlooked because the nuclear caps may be di cult to see in fast moving cells. Some cells did not have reserve materials in the posterior end of the cell, and reserve materials may not be useful as a diagnostic character although we have not seen the distinctive rod-shaped reserve materials in any species other than this one.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Larsen and Patterson" authorityYear="1990" box="[452,681,1284,1308]" class="Imbricatea" family="Thaumatomastigidae" genus="Protaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thaumatomonadida" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" phylum="Cercozoa" rank="species" species="gemmifera">
<emphasis box="[452,681,1284,1308]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">Protaspis gemmifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles
<taxonomicName authority="Larsen and Patterson, 1990" authorityName="Larsen and Patterson" authorityYear="1990" class="Imbricatea" family="Thaumatomastigidae" genus="Protaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thaumatomonadida" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" phylum="Cercozoa" rank="species" species="verrucosa">
<emphasis box="[809,948,1285,1308]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">P. verrucosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="LARSEN, J. &amp; PATTERSON, D. J." pageId="63" pageNumber="544" pagination="937" refId="ref41333" refString="LARSEN, J. and PATTERSON, D. J., 1990, Some ¯ agellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments, Journal of Natural History, 24, 801 ± 937." type="journal article" year="1990">
Larsen and Patterson,
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in general appearance and length, but it has been distinguished by the longitudinal ventral furrow in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Larsen and Patterson" authorityYear="1990" box="[512,651,1349,1372]" class="Imbricatea" family="Thaumatomastigidae" genus="Protaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thaumatomonadida" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" phylum="Cercozoa" rank="species" species="verrucosa">
<emphasis box="[512,651,1349,1372]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">P. verrucosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the presence of nuclear caps in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Larsen and Patterson" authorityYear="1990" box="[115,269,1380,1404]" class="Imbricatea" family="Thaumatomastigidae" genus="Protaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thaumatomonadida" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" phylum="Cercozoa" rank="species" species="gemmifera">
<emphasis box="[115,269,1380,1404]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">P. gemmifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Figure 60b in
<bibRefCitation author="LARSEN, J. &amp; PATTERSON, D. J." box="[461,807,1380,1404]" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" pagination="937" refId="ref41333" refString="LARSEN, J. and PATTERSON, D. J., 1990, Some ¯ agellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments, Journal of Natural History, 24, 801 ± 937." type="journal article" year="1990">Larsen and Patterson (1990)</bibRefCitation>
, which is the
<typeStatus box="[986,1035,1381,1405]" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">type</typeStatus>
micrograph for
<taxonomicName authorityName="Larsen and Patterson" authorityYear="1990" box="[266,408,1413,1436]" class="Imbricatea" family="Thaumatomastigidae" genus="Protaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thaumatomonadida" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" phylum="Cercozoa" rank="species" species="verrucosa">
<emphasis box="[266,408,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">P. verrucosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, shows some similarity to our cells in ®gure 23h. We are not sure whether these two species are clearly distinguishable.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Larsen and Patterson" authorityYear="1990" box="[808,1034,1444,1468]" class="Imbricatea" family="Thaumatomastigidae" genus="Protaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thaumatomonadida" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" phylum="Cercozoa" rank="species" species="gemmifera">
<emphasis box="[808,1034,1444,1468]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">Protaspis gemmifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is probably detritivorous (
<bibRefCitation author="PATTERSON, D. J. &amp; NYGAARD, K. &amp; STEINBERG, G. &amp; TURLEY, C." box="[399,659,1476,1500]" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" pagination="95" refId="ref42336" refString="PATTERSON, D. J., NYGAARD, K., STEINBERG, G. and TURLEY, C., 1993, Heterotrophic ¯ agellates and other protists associated with oceanic detritus throughout the water column in the mid North Atlantic, Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 73, 67 ± 95." type="journal article" year="1993">
Patterson
<emphasis box="[522,577,1476,1500]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">et al</emphasis>
., 1993
</bibRefCitation>
). The organism referred to as
<taxonomicName authorityName="Christen" authorityYear="1962" box="[79,203,1508,1532]" class="Archamoebea" family="Pelomyxidae" genus="Mastigella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Pelobiontida" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis box="[79,203,1508,1532]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">P. simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation author="TONG, S. M. &amp; NYGAARD, K. &amp; BERNARD, C. &amp; VORS, N. &amp; PATTERSON, D. J." box="[260,486,1508,1532]" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" pagination="194" refId="ref43851" refString="TONG, S. M., NYGAARD, K., BERNARD, C., VORS, N. and PATTERSON, D. J., 1998, Heterotrophic ¯ agellates from the water column in Port Jackson, Sydney, Australia, European Journal of Protistology, 34, 162 ± 194." type="journal article" year="1998">
Tong
<emphasis box="[333,389,1508,1532]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">et al</emphasis>
. (1998)
</bibRefCitation>
has probably been illustrated by pictures of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Larsen and Patterson" authorityYear="1990" box="[79,234,1540,1564]" class="Imbricatea" family="Thaumatomastigidae" genus="Protaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thaumatomonadida" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" phylum="Cercozoa" rank="species" species="gemmifera">
<emphasis box="[79,234,1540,1564]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">P. gemmifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but having consulted original records, we can con®rm that both species were present.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="63.[79,1035,679,1691]" lastBlockId="64.[79,1035,137,224]" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="545" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">
The genus contains nine species:
<taxonomicName authority="Larsen and Patterson, 1990" authorityName="Larsen and Patterson" authorityYear="1990" box="[526,1027,1604,1628]" class="Imbricatea" family="Thaumatomastigidae" genus="Protaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thaumatomonadida" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" phylum="Cercozoa" rank="species" species="gemmifera">
<emphasis box="[526,682,1604,1628]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">P. gemmifera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="LARSEN, J. &amp; PATTERSON, D. J." box="[696,1027,1604,1628]" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" pagination="937" refId="ref41333" refString="LARSEN, J. and PATTERSON, D. J., 1990, Some ¯ agellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments, Journal of Natural History, 24, 801 ± 937." type="journal article" year="1990">Larsen and Patterson, 1990</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authority="Skuja, 1939" authorityName="Skuja" authorityYear="1939" box="[79,318,1635,1659]" class="Imbricatea" family="Thaumatomastigidae" genus="Protaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thaumatomonadida" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" phylum="Cercozoa" rank="species" species="glans">
<emphasis box="[79,172,1635,1659]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">P. glans</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="SKUJA, H." box="[184,318,1635,1659]" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" pagination="169" refId="ref43116" refString="SKUJA, H., 1939, Beitrag zur Algenora Lettlands II, Acta Horti botanici Universitatis latviensis, 11 ± 12, 41 ± 169." type="journal article" year="1939">Skuja, 1939</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authority="Skuja, 1939" authorityName="Skuja" authorityYear="1939" box="[337,583,1635,1659]" class="Imbricatea" family="Thaumatomastigidae" genus="Protaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thaumatomonadida" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" phylum="Cercozoa" rank="species" species="major">
<emphasis box="[337,437,1636,1659]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">P. major</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="SKUJA, H." box="[448,583,1635,1659]" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" pagination="169" refId="ref43116" refString="SKUJA, H., 1939, Beitrag zur Algenora Lettlands II, Acta Horti botanici Universitatis latviensis, 11 ± 12, 41 ± 169." type="journal article" year="1939">Skuja, 1939</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authority="Skuja, 1939" authorityName="Skuja" authorityYear="1939" box="[602,893,1635,1659]" class="Imbricatea" family="Thaumatomastigidae" genus="Protaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thaumatomonadida" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" phylum="Cercozoa" rank="species" species="metarhiza">
<emphasis box="[602,747,1635,1659]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">P. metarhiza</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="SKUJA, H." box="[758,893,1635,1659]" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" pagination="169" refId="ref43116" refString="SKUJA, H., 1939, Beitrag zur Algenora Lettlands II, Acta Horti botanici Universitatis latviensis, 11 ± 12, 41 ± 169." type="journal article" year="1939">Skuja, 1939</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authority="Skuja, 1948" authorityName="Skuja" authorityYear="1948" class="Imbricatea" family="Thaumatomastigidae" genus="Protaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thaumatomonadida" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" phylum="Cercozoa" rank="species" species="obovata">
<emphasis box="[912,1033,1635,1659]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">P. obovata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="SKUJA, H." box="[79,211,1667,1691]" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" pagination="399" refId="ref43143" refString="SKUJA, H., 1948, Taxonomie des Phytoplanktons einiger Seen in Uppland, Schweden, Symbolae Botanicae Upsalienses, 9, 5 ± 399." type="journal article" year="1948">Skuja, 1948</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authority="Larsen and Patterson, 1990" authorityName="Larsen and Patterson" authorityYear="1990" box="[227,658,1667,1691]" class="Imbricatea" family="Thaumatomastigidae" genus="Protaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thaumatomonadida" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" phylum="Cercozoa" rank="species" species="obliqua">
<emphasis box="[227,339,1667,1691]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">P. obliqua</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="LARSEN, J. &amp; PATTERSON, D. J." box="[348,658,1667,1691]" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" pagination="937" refId="ref41333" refString="LARSEN, J. and PATTERSON, D. J., 1990, Some ¯ agellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments, Journal of Natural History, 24, 801 ± 937." type="journal article" year="1990">Larsen and Patterson, 1990</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authority="Vurs, 1992" authorityName="Vurs" authorityYear="1992" box="[674,922,1667,1691]" class="Archamoebea" family="Pelomyxidae" genus="Mastigella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Pelobiontida" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis box="[674,790,1667,1691]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">P. simplex</emphasis>
Vùrs, 1992
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authority="Larsen and Patterson, 1990" authorityName="Larsen and Patterson" authorityYear="1990" class="Imbricatea" family="Thaumatomastigidae" genus="Protaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="545" order="Thaumatomonadida" pageId="63" pageNumber="544" phylum="Cercozoa" rank="species" species="tegere">
<emphasis box="[935,1034,1668,1691]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="544">P. tegere</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="LARSEN, J. &amp; PATTERSON, D. J." box="[79,410,137,161]" pageId="64" pageNumber="545" pagination="937" refId="ref41333" refString="LARSEN, J. and PATTERSON, D. J., 1990, Some ¯ agellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments, Journal of Natural History, 24, 801 ± 937." type="journal article" year="1990">Larsen and Patterson, 1990</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authority="Larsen and Patterson, 1990" authorityName="Larsen and Patterson" authorityYear="1990" box="[481,968,137,161]" class="Imbricatea" family="Thaumatomastigidae" genus="Protaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thaumatomonadida" pageId="64" pageNumber="545" phylum="Cercozoa" rank="species" species="verrucosa">
<emphasis box="[481,625,138,161]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="545">P. verrucosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="LARSEN, J. &amp; PATTERSON, D. J." box="[639,968,137,161]" pageId="64" pageNumber="545" pagination="937" refId="ref41333" refString="LARSEN, J. and PATTERSON, D. J., 1990, Some ¯ agellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments, Journal of Natural History, 24, 801 ± 937." type="journal article" year="1990">Larsen and Patterson, 1990</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. The boundaries among many species are not clear (table 2), and this genus needs more attention.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>