treatments-xml/data/30/68/07/306807000B05F45905FA53B9FB2BF916.xml

<document id="25FFD612213957A2FFC19136CEFAF2AD" ID-CLB-Dataset="302117" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.202.4.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="459fec4a-5ed1-4294-a4c1-a17dbd2224fc" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13639911" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725343257646" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Mancinelli, Werner Siebje &amp; Smidt, Eric De Camargo" docDate="2015" docId="306807000B05F45905FA53B9FB2BF916" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.202.4.6.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 202 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.202.4.6" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Homalopetalum joinvillense Mancinelli &amp; E. C. Smidt 2015, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="280" masterDocId="CC517F780B04F4580572534DFF84FF9D" masterDocTitle="Homalopetalum joinvillense (Epidendreae; Epidendroideae; Orchidaceae): a new species from Southern Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="283" masterPageNumber="279" pageNumber="280" updateTime="1725354933700" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="6BCF718E4C48F6173B1BBB353B78C6F6">Homalopetalum joinvillense (Epidendreae; Epidendroideae; Orchidaceae): a new species from Southern Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3C59B87F1D55C452D349E4A57A5CB10C">Mancinelli, Werner Siebje</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="306807000B05F45905FA53B9FB2BF916" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639924" ID-GBIF-Taxon="240116737" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13639924" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:306807000B05F45905FA53B9FB2BF916" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/306807000B05F45905FA53B9FB2BF916" lastPageNumber="280" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">
<subSubSection id="F0DBE59D0B05F45905FA53B9FC20FE92" box="[136,932,243,271]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B87EB6160B05F45905FA53B9FC20FE92" blockId="1.[136,932,243,271]" box="[136,932,243,271]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">
<heading id="E336017A0B05F45905FA53B9FC20FE92" box="[136,932,243,271]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="7FC1CD950B05F45905FA53B9FD6DFE92" ID-CoL="6LYHF" authority="Mancinelli &amp; E.C.Smidt" authorityName="Mancinelli &amp; E. C. Smidt" authorityYear="2015" box="[136,745,244,271]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Homalopetalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="joinvillense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F45905FA53B9FE4AFE92" bold="true" box="[136,462,244,271]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Homalopetalum joinvillense</emphasis>
Mancinelli &amp; E.C.Smidt
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F459078753B9FCCFFE93" bold="true" box="[757,843,244,270]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9186D77F0B05F459078753B9FCCFFE93" box="[757,843,244,270]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, 
<figureCitation id="20FAAA930B05F459062E53BBFC1AFE92" box="[860,926,246,271]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1873,1894]" captionTargetBox="[169,1422,189,1826]" captionTargetId="figure-13@2.[151,1436,168,1848]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Homalopetalum joinvillense Mancinelli &amp; E.C. Smidt. A. Habit. B. Flower. C. Dorsal sepal. D. Lateral sepal. E. Petal. F. Lip with margin detailed. G. Lip and column—lateral view. H. Column—front view. I. Anther—dorsal face. J. Anther—ventral face. K. Pollinia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639914" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639914/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
.
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="F0DBE59D0B05F45905FA520DFEA4FC0A" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B87EB6160B05F45905FA520DFCBDFEE4" blockId="1.[136,1452,320,377]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">
<materialsCitation id="08A9BC4B0B05F45905FA520DFAF7FEC8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4927610302" box="[136,1395,320,341]" collectingDate="2006-03-02" collectionCode="B, JOI" collectorName="Mancinelli" country="Brazil" county="Type" location="Serra Dona Francisca" municipality="Joinville" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santa Catarina" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCounty id="511FCE9A0B05F45905FA520DFF3EFEC8" box="[136,186,320,341]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Type</collectingCounty>
:— 
<collectingCountry id="C0D6F6860B05F45905A5520DFEB5FEC8" box="[215,305,320,341]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="7A0578F40B05F459044B520DFE4EFEC8" box="[313,458,320,341]" country="Brazil" name="Santa Catarina" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Santa Catarina</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingMunicipality id="581A2C6C0B05F45904A1520DFDACFEC8" box="[467,552,320,341]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Joinville</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="BD1EE0CD0B05F4590740520DFC80FEC8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:306807000B05F45905FA53B9FB2BF916:BD1EE0CD0B05F4590740520DFC80FEC8" box="[562,772,320,341]" country="Brazil" county="Type" municipality="Joinville" name="Serra Dona Francisca" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" stateProvince="Santa Catarina">Serra Dona Francisca</location>
, 
<location id="BD1EE0CD0B05F4590679520DFC1CFEC8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:306807000B05F45905FA53B9FB2BF916:BD1EE0CD0B05F4590679520DFC1CFEC8" box="[779,920,320,341]" country="Brazil" county="Type" municipality="Joinville" name="Atlantic forest" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" stateProvince="Santa Catarina">Atlantic forest</location>
, 
<date id="CC7F90D60B05F45906D0520DFBAFFEC8" box="[930,1067,320,341]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" value="2006-03-02">
<collectingDate id="DC3B693E0B05F45906D0520DFBAFFEC8" box="[930,1067,320,341]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" value="2006-03-02">2 March 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F4590146520DFB59FEC8" box="[1076,1245,320,341]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">
<collectorName id="1534D3C00B05F4590146520DFB18FEC8" box="[1076,1180,320,341]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Mancinelli</collectorName>
494- 
<collectionCode id="DED02ED30B05F45901BC520DFB59FEC8" box="[1230,1245,320,341]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="677A08B40B05F4590198520DFAC4FEC8" box="[1258,1344,320,341]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="DED02ED30B05F4590037520DFAE8FEC8" box="[1349,1388,320,341]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15850" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15850" name="Universidade da Região de Joinville" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" type="Herbarium">JOI</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="08A9BC4B0B05F459000F520DFCB1FEE4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4927610301" collectingDate="2010-03-26" collectionCode="MBM" collectorName="Mancinelli &amp; Zattar" country="Brazil" county="Type" location="Serra Dona Francisca" municipality="Joinville" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santa Catarina" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F459000F520DFF62FEE4" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">idem loco</emphasis>
, 
<date id="CC7F90D60B05F45905815229FE03FEE4" box="[243,391,356,377]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" value="2010-03-26">
<collectingDate id="DC3B693E0B05F45905815229FE03FEE4" box="[243,391,356,377]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" value="2010-03-26">26 March 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F45904E35229FD0CFEE4" box="[401,648,356,377]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">
<collectorName id="1534D3C00B05F45904E35229FE7DFEE4" box="[401,505,356,377]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Mancinelli</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="1534D3C00B05F459076A5229FDD0FEE4" box="[536,596,356,377]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Zattar</collectorName>
1192
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="677A08B40B05F45907E75229FD6DFEE4" box="[661,745,356,377]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="DED02ED30B05F459079D5229FCAAFEE4" box="[751,814,356,377]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fc7c-p25f" name="San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammals" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">MBM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B87EB6160B05F45905FA52E1FD55FE78" blockId="1.[136,1452,428,485]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F45905FA52E1FEAEFE5C" box="[136,298,428,449]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Haec species ad</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7FC1CD950B05F459044152E1FBF5FE5C" authority="(Garay &amp; Dunsterville 1965: 242) Soto Arenas (2007: 8)" authorityName="Soto Arenas" authorityPageNumber="8" authorityYear="2007" baseAuthorityName="Garay &amp; Dunsterville" baseAuthorityPageNumber="242" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[307,1137,428,449]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Homalopetalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alticolum">
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F459044152E1FDB5FE5C" box="[307,561,428,449]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Homalopetalum alticolum</emphasis>
(Garay &amp; 
<bibRefCitation id="DC50CBE70B05F45907D352E1FC01FE5C" author="Dunsterville, G. C. K. &amp; Garay, L. A." box="[673,901,428,449]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" refId="ref1986" refString="Dunsterville, G. C. K. &amp; Garay, L. A. (1965) Venezuelan orchids illustrated, 3. Andre Deutsch, London, 348 pp." type="book" year="1965">Dunsterville 1965: 242</bibRefCitation>
) 
<bibRefCitation id="DC50CBE70B05F45906E752E1FBF5FE5C" author="Soto Arenas, M. A. &amp; Salazar, G. &amp; van den Berg, C." box="[917,1137,428,449]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" pagination="7 - 9" refId="ref2344" refString="Soto Arenas, M. A., Salazar, G. &amp; van den Berg, C. (2007) New combinations in Domingoa, Homalopetalum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) and Nemaconia (Orchidaceae: Ponerinae). Neodiversity 2: 7 - 9. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.13102 / neod. 21.2" type="journal article" year="2007">Soto Arenas (2007: 8)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F459010B52E1FD55FE78" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">accedit sed flore viridi, labello oblongo-obovato, trinervato et clinandrio eroso differt.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B87EB6160B05F45905FA515BFEA4FC0A" blockId="1.[136,1452,534,1675]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">
Epiphytic herbs. 
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F4590438515BFE2EFDB2" box="[330,426,534,559]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Rhizome</emphasis>
<quantity id="7F391BF30B05F45904C1515BFDA3FDB2" box="[435,551,534,559]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1 mm</quantity>
long. 
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F4590703515BFD71FDB2" box="[625,757,534,559]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Pseudobulb</emphasis>
4.5–5 × 
<quantity id="7F391BF30B05F459062D515BFC6DFDB2" box="[863,1001,534,559]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.5 mm</quantity>
, fusiform to ovoid, green, transversally cylindric, slightly costate, unifoliate. 
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F459075B5177FDDFFDCE" box="[553,603,570,595]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Leaf</emphasis>
6–8 × 
<quantity id="7F391BF30B05F45907D85177FC9AFDCE" box="[682,798,570,595]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.0">2–2.5 mm</quantity>
, conduplicate, cordate, coriaceous, margin entire, revolute and acute in the apex. 
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F459040E5113FD96FDEA" box="[380,530,606,631]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Inflorescence</emphasis>
<quantity id="7F391BF30B05F45907655113FD17FDEA" box="[535,659,606,631]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" unit="cm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="2.2">2.2–2.3 cm</quantity>
long, terminal, erect, 1-flowered; scape filiform, cylindric; scape bracts tubular, not imbricate, spirally twisted, flower bract tubular. 
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F459064B51CFFC0EFD06" box="[825,906,642,667]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Flower</emphasis>
campanulate, resupinate, membranaceous, light green. 
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F45905A751EBFE9AFD22" box="[213,286,678,703]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Sepals</emphasis>
free; dorsal sepal 3.5–4 × 
<quantity id="7F391BF30B05F459073F51EBFD15FD22" box="[589,657,678,703]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
, ovate-elliptical, 3-nerved, margin entire and rounded-cuspidate in the apex; lateral sepals 3.5–4 × 
<quantity id="7F391BF30B05F45904CD5187FD85FD7E" box="[447,513,714,739]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
, ovate-elliptical, 3-nerved, asymmetric, margin entire and rounded-acuminate in the apex. 
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F45905B951A3FE95FC9A" box="[203,273,750,775]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Petals</emphasis>
3–3.5 × 
<quantity id="7F391BF30B05F459040451A3FE3EFC9A" box="[374,442,750,775]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
, oblanceolate, 1-nerved, symmetric, margin entire and rounded in the apex. 
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F459006151A3FABCFC9A" box="[1299,1336,750,775]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Lip</emphasis>
5 × 
<quantity id="7F391BF30B05F459001E51A3FF32FCB6" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.0">2–2.5 mm</quantity>
, entire, oblong-obovate, 3-nerved, margin slightly denticulate, cuneate in the apex; callus rectilinear, transverse in the basal section of the lip, divided in two parts, globose in the internal part and conical in the external part. 
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F459004C507BFA13FCD2" box="[1342,1431,822,847]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Column</emphasis>
2 × 
<quantity id="7F391BF30B05F45905ED5017FF67FCEE" box="[159,227,858,883]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
, alate; anther with 4 equal pollinia; clinandrium erose; column wings completely fused to column foot. 
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F45900005017FA28FCEE" box="[1394,1452,858,883]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Fruit</emphasis>
not observed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F0DBE59D0B05F45905CF50EFFD9FFB62" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" type="etymology">
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<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F45905CF50EFFECCFC26" bold="true" box="[189,328,930,955]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Etymology:</emphasis>
—The specific epithet refers to Joinville, the municipally where it was found.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B87EB6160B05F45905CF508BFE30FBF2" blockId="1.[136,1452,534,1675]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F45905CF508BFE32FC42" bold="true" box="[189,438,966,991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Conservation status:</emphasis>
—According to the 
<bibRefCitation id="DC50CBE70B05F45907EE508BFCB1FC42" author="IUCN" box="[668,821,966,991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" refId="ref1913" refString="IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Vol. 3.1. 2 nd Edition. IUCN, Gland / Cambridge, 32 pp." type="book" year="2012">IUCN (2012)</bibRefCitation>
criteria this species could be considered Critically Endangered (CR) - criterion B2a - because this species is known from only one locality. The genus 
<taxonomicName id="7FC1CD950B05F45901AE50A7FA14FB9E" authorityName="Rolfe" authorityYear="1896" box="[1244,1424,1002,1027]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Homalopetalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F45901AE50A7FA14FB9E" box="[1244,1424,1002,1027]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Homalopetalum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is rare in 
<collectingCountry id="C0D6F6860B05F45905A45743FE9EFBBA" box="[214,282,1038,1063]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Brazil</collectingCountry>
and has been collected four times (
<bibRefCitation id="DC50CBE70B05F45907D05743FC57FBBA" author="Schlechter, R. &amp; Hoehne, F. C." box="[674,979,1038,1063]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" pagination="160 - 349" refId="ref2252" refString="Schlechter, R. &amp; Hoehne, F. C. (1926) Contribuicoes ao conhecimento das Orchidaceas do Brasil. Archivos de Botanica do Estado de Sao Paulo 1: 160 - 349." type="journal article" year="1926">Schlechter &amp; Hoehne 1926</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="DC50CBE70B05F459017A5743FB13FBBA" author="Barros, F." box="[1032,1175,1038,1063]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" pagination="7 - 22" refId="ref1791" refString="Barros, F. (2004) Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on Brazilian Orchidaceae. In: Manilal, K. S. &amp; Sathish-Kumar, C. (Eds.) Orchid Memories: a tribute to Gunnar Seidenfaden. Mentor Books, Calicut, pp. 7 - 22." type="book chapter" year="2004">Barros 2004</bibRefCitation>
): in 1853 by Pinel (HUH 103182), in 1920 by Hoehne (
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F45904A4577FFDEFFBD6" box="[470,619,1074,1099]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Hoehne 3899</emphasis>
, specimen burned in B) and more recently in 2006 and 2010 by Mancinelli (specimens at JOI, MBM).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B87EB6160B05F45905CF5737FD9FFB62" blockId="1.[136,1452,534,1675]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">
The 
<bibRefCitation id="DC50CBE70B05F45905835737FE5DFB0E" author="Rede Species Link" box="[241,473,1146,1171]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" refId="ref2406" refString="Rede Species Link (2014) Busca. Available from: http: // www. splink. org. br / index? lang = pt (accessed 19 May 2014)" type="url" year="2014">Species Link (2014)</bibRefCitation>
, Brazilian herbaria (FLOR, FURB, HB, HBR, HCF, HUCP, HUEFS, FUEL, HUEPG, ICN, JOI, M, MBM, PACA, RB, SP and UPCB) and virtual herbaria (BR, CAS, G, GOET, HUH, K, MO, NY, P, S, 
<collectingCountry id="C0D6F6860B05F45905FA578FFF2AFB46" box="[136,174,1218,1243]" name="United States of America" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">US</collectingCountry>
, YU and Z) do not provide evidence of additional collections of 
<taxonomicName id="7FC1CD950B05F45906F1578FFBB3FB46" authorityName="Rolfe" authorityYear="1896" box="[899,1079,1218,1243]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Homalopetalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F45906F1578FFBB3FB46" box="[899,1079,1218,1243]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Homalopetalum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in 
<collectingCountry id="C0D6F6860B05F459012E578FFB25FB46" box="[1116,1185,1218,1243]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Brazil</collectingCountry>
in the past 80 years, attesting to the rarity of these species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F0DBE59D0B05F45905CF5647FB2BF916" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B87EB6160B05F45905CF5647FB2BF916" blockId="1.[136,1452,534,1675]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F45905CF5647FEC1FABE" bold="true" box="[189,325,1290,1315]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Discussion:</emphasis>
— 
<taxonomicName id="7FC1CD950B05F45904135647FD1AFABE" box="[353,670,1290,1315]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Homalopetalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="joinvillense">
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F45904135647FD1AFABE" box="[353,670,1290,1315]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Homalopetalum joinvillense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is recognised by having slightly costate pseudobulbs, cordate leaves, 1-flowered inflorescence, green campanulate flower and lip with a callus that is globose in the internal part and conical in the external part. It is included in this genus based on its small size, its unifoliate psedobulbs and the presence of a column foot. Some combined features differ between this species and the others in the genus: an oblong-obovate and rectilinear lip and a callus that is globose in the internal part and conical in the external part. 
<taxonomicName id="7FC1CD950B05F45901ED56D7FF46FA4A" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Homalopetalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="joinvillense">
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F45901ED56D7FF46FA4A" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Homalopetalum joinvillense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="7FC1CD950B05F459058B56F3FE02FA4A" authorityName="Soto Arenas" authorityYear="2007" baseAuthorityName="Garay &amp; Dunsterville" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[249,390,1470,1495]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Homalopetalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alticolum">
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F459058B56F3FE02FA4A" box="[249,390,1470,1495]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">H. alticolum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which was found in 
<collectingCountry id="C0D6F6860B05F459070156F3FD62FA4A" box="[627,742,1470,1495]" name="Venezuela" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DC50CBE70B05F459078756F3FBA8FA4A" author="Dunsterville, G. C. K. &amp; Garay, L. A." box="[757,1068,1470,1495]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" refId="ref1986" refString="Dunsterville, G. C. K. &amp; Garay, L. A. (1965) Venezuelan orchids illustrated, 3. Andre Deutsch, London, 348 pp." type="book" year="1965">Dunsterville &amp; Garay 1965</bibRefCitation>
) have similar calli; both are rectilinear and divided in two parts, globose in the internal part and conical in the external part. However, in 
<taxonomicName id="7FC1CD950B05F459006D56AFFA28FA66" authorityName="Soto Arenas" authorityYear="2007" baseAuthorityName="Garay &amp; Dunsterville" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[1311,1452,1506,1531]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Homalopetalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alticolum">
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F459006D56AFFA28FA66" box="[1311,1452,1506,1531]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">H. alticolum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the flowers are white-pink, the lip and other floral pieces have similar length and the clinandrium is entire. Like 
<taxonomicName id="7FC1CD950B05F45900E2554BFD52F9DE" authority="(Lindley 1853: 1) Soto Arenas (2007: 8)" authorityName="Soto Arenas" authorityPageNumber="8" authorityYear="2007" baseAuthorityName="Lindley" baseAuthorityPageNumber="1" baseAuthorityYear="1853" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Homalopetalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypoleptum">
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F45900E2554BFE8FF9DE" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">H. hypoleptum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DC50CBE70B05F459046B5567FE49F9DE" author="Lindley, J." box="[281,461,1578,1603]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" refId="ref2018" refString="Lindley, J. (1853) Pinelia. Folia Orchidacea 4: 1." type="journal volume" year="1853">Lindley 1853: 1</bibRefCitation>
) 
<bibRefCitation id="DC50CBE70B05F45904AD5567FD52F9DE" author="Soto Arenas, M. A. &amp; Salazar, G. &amp; van den Berg, C." box="[479,726,1578,1603]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" pagination="7 - 9" refId="ref2344" refString="Soto Arenas, M. A., Salazar, G. &amp; van den Berg, C. (2007) New combinations in Domingoa, Homalopetalum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) and Nemaconia (Orchidaceae: Ponerinae). Neodiversity 2: 7 - 9. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.13102 / neod. 21.2" type="journal article" year="2007">Soto Arenas (2007: 8)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingCountry id="C0D6F6860B05F45906695567FCE6F9DE" box="[795,866,1578,1603]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="7A0578F40B05F459061C5567FB94F9DE" box="[878,1040,1578,1603]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
and 
<collectingRegion id="7A0578F40B05F45901355567FB3CF9DE" box="[1095,1208,1578,1603]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
states (
<bibRefCitation id="DC50CBE70B05F459007E5567FA23F9DE" author="Lindley, J." box="[1292,1447,1578,1603]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" refId="ref2018" refString="Lindley, J. (1853) Pinelia. Folia Orchidacea 4: 1." type="journal volume" year="1853">Lindley 1853</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="DC50CBE70B05F45905FA5503FE92F9FA" author="Barros, F." box="[136,278,1614,1639]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" pagination="7 - 22" refId="ref1791" refString="Barros, F. (2004) Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on Brazilian Orchidaceae. In: Manilal, K. S. &amp; Sathish-Kumar, C. (Eds.) Orchid Memories: a tribute to Gunnar Seidenfaden. Mentor Books, Calicut, pp. 7 - 22." type="book chapter" year="2004">Barros 2004</bibRefCitation>
), 
<taxonomicName id="7FC1CD950B05F459045B5503FE48F9FA" box="[297,460,1614,1639]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Homalopetalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="joinvillense">
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F459045B5503FE48F9FA" box="[297,460,1614,1639]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">H. joinvillense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has green flowers, the lip and floral pieces have the same width:length ratio (1.5:1), and the clinandrium is erose. However, the callus of 
<taxonomicName id="7FC1CD950B05F45907D4553FFCCFF916" authorityName="Soto Arenas" authorityYear="2007" baseAuthorityName="Lindley" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[678,843,1650,1675]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Homalopetalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypoleptum">
<emphasis id="8AB56A040B05F45907D4553FFCCFF916" box="[678,843,1650,1675]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">H. hypoleptum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is V-shaped and monomorphic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>