220 lines
25 KiB
XML
220 lines
25 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="366F3CB4F1EB8620DC027CFB3A02DF09">A new alcyonacean octocoral (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Octocorallia) from Chilean fjords</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1F1C93EC0FDAB752AD8F306B8509D8F1">Cairns, Stephen D.</mods:namePart>
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="60924D4CFFE1FFF2FF26FE30FEAADD08" ID-CoL="84TYN" authority="Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864" authorityName="Duchassaing & Michelotti" authorityYear="1864" box="[236,321,498,524]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Swiftia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Swiftia</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="C3034B3EFFE1FFF2FE8DFE30FD3CDD08" author="Duchassaing" box="[327,727,498,524]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="Duchassaing, P. & Michelotti, J. (1864) Supplement au memoire sur les coralliaires des Antilles. Memoires de l'Academie des Sciences de Turin, Series 2, 23, 97 - 206, 11 pls. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11388" type="journal article" year="1864">Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="95E6EADDFFE1FFF2FF5DFDFBFF36DD4B" box="[151,221,569,591]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Swiftia</emphasis>
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: 13
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="263310DEFFE1FFF2FDBDFDFBFCBCDD4B" author="Kukenthal" box="[631,855,569,591]" page="236" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" year="1924">
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<bibRefCitation id="C3034B3EFFE1FFF2FDBDFDFBFCCBDD4B" author="Kukenthal" box="[631,800,569,591]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="Kukenthal, W. (1924) Gorgonaria. Das Tierreich, Vol. 47. Walter de Gruyter & Company, Berlin, i - xxviii + 478 pp." type="book" year="1924">Kükenthal 1924</bibRefCitation>
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: 236
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="263310DEFFE1FFF2FCAFFDFBFBA6DD4B" author="Deichmann" box="[869,1101,569,591]" page="185" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" year="1936">
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<bibRefCitation id="C3034B3EFFE1FFF2FCAFFDFBFBF2DD4B" author="Deichmann" box="[869,1049,569,591]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="Deichmann, E. (1936) The Alcyonaria of the Western part of the Atlantic Ocean. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 53, 317 pp, 37 pls. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 49348" type="book" year="1936">Deichmann 1936</bibRefCitation>
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: 185
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–186;
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<bibRefCitation id="C3034B3EFFE1FFF2FB5BFDF8FAE6DD4B" author="Bayer" box="[1169,1293,569,591]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="Bayer, F. M. (1956) Octocorallia: In: Moore, R. C. (Ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part F. Coelenterata. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, pp. 163 - 231." type="book chapter" year="1956">Bayer 1956</bibRefCitation>
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: F206;
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<treatmentCitation id="263310DEFFE1FFF2FA95FDF8FEDBDD6A" author="Bayer" page="945" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" year="1981">
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<bibRefCitation id="C3034B3EFFE1FFF2FA95FDF8FF16DD6A" author="Bayer" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="Bayer, F. M. (1981) Key to the genera of Octocorallia exclusive of Pennatulacea (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) with diagnoses of new taxa. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 94, 902 - 947." type="journal article" year="1981">Bayer 1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 945
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="263310DEFFE1FFF2FEF0FD9AFE1ADD6A" author="Harden" box="[314,497,600,622]" page="109" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" year="1979">
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: 109
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–110.
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<emphasis id="95E6EADDFFE1FFF2FF5DFDB5FEFADD88" box="[151,273,631,652]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Stenogorgia</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="263310DEFFE1FFF2FEDDFDB4FE56DD88" author="Verrill" box="[279,445,630,652]" page="29" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" year="1883">
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<bibRefCitation id="C3034B3EFFE1FFF2FEDDFDB4FE71DD88" author="Verrill" box="[279,410,630,652]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="Verrill, A. E. (1883) Report on the Anthozoa, and on some additional species dredged by the " Blake " in 1877 - 1879, and by the U. S. Fish steamer " Fish Hawk " in 1880 - 82. Bulletin of the Comparative Museum of Zoology, 11, 1 - 72, pls. 1 - 8. [Harvard]" type="journal article" year="1883">Verrill, 1883</bibRefCitation>
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: 29
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(see
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<treatmentCitation id="263310DEFFE1FFF2FE39FDB4FD22DD88" author="Kukenthal" box="[499,713,630,652]" page="347" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" year="1924">
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<bibRefCitation id="C3034B3EFFE1FFF2FE39FDB4FD72DD88" author="Kukenthal" box="[499,665,630,652]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="Kukenthal, W. (1924) Gorgonaria. Das Tierreich, Vol. 47. Walter de Gruyter & Company, Berlin, i - xxviii + 478 pp." type="book" year="1924">Kükenthal 1924</bibRefCitation>
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: 347
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</treatmentCitation>
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for
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<emphasis id="95E6EADDFFE1FFF2FD39FDB5FC86DD88" box="[755,877,631,652]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Stenogorgia</emphasis>
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synonymy).
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<paragraph id="A72D36CFFFE1FFF2FF5DFD57FD34DDAF" blockId="2.[151,1435,569,744]" box="[151,735,661,683]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="878211E1FFE1FFF2FF5DFD57FD34DDAF" box="[151,735,661,683]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
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<taxonomicName id="60924D4CFFE1FFF2FF5DFD57FDCEDDAF" ID-CoL="8W2HG" authority="Wright & Studer, 1889: 61" authorityName="Wright & Studer" authorityPageNumber="61" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,549,661,683]" class="Liliopsida" family="Restionaceae" genus="Platycaulos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="95E6EADDFFE1FFF2FF5DFD57FEE4DDAF" box="[151,271,661,683]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Platycaulos</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="263310DEFFE1FFF2FEDEFD57FDCEDDAF" author="Wright" box="[276,549,661,683]" page="61" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" year="1889">
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<bibRefCitation id="C3034B3EFFE1FFF2FEDEFD57FE14DDAF" author="Wright" box="[276,511,661,683]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="Wright, E. P. & Studer, T (1889) Report on the Alcyonaria collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the scientific results of the voyage Challenger, during the years 1873 - 1876. Zoology, 31, i - lxxvii + 1 - 314, 43 pls." type="journal article" year="1889">Wright & Studer, 1889</bibRefCitation>
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: 61
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="263310DEFFE1FFF2FDFAFD54FD30DDAF" author="Bayer" box="[560,731,661,683]" page="945" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" year="1981">
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<bibRefCitation id="C3034B3EFFE1FFF2FDFAFD54FD42DDAF" author="Bayer" box="[560,681,661,683]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="Bayer, F. M. (1981) Key to the genera of Octocorallia exclusive of Pennatulacea (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) with diagnoses of new taxa. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 94, 902 - 947." type="journal article" year="1981">Bayer 1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 945
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A72D36CFFFE1FFF2FF5DFD76FCEBDDCE" blockId="2.[151,1435,569,744]" box="[151,768,692,714]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
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<taxonomicName id="60924D4CFFE1FFF2FF5DFD76FDAEDDCE" authority="Wright & Studer, 1889: 62" authorityName="Wright & Studer" authorityPageNumber="62" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,581,692,714]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Callistephanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="95E6EADDFFE1FFF2FF5DFD76FEC4DDCE" box="[151,303,692,714]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Callistephanus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="263310DEFFE1FFF2FEFFFD76FDAEDDCE" author="Wright" box="[309,581,692,714]" page="62" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" year="1889">
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<bibRefCitation id="C3034B3EFFE1FFF2FEFFFD76FDF4DDCE" author="Wright" box="[309,543,692,714]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="Wright, E. P. & Studer, T (1889) Report on the Alcyonaria collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the scientific results of the voyage Challenger, during the years 1873 - 1876. Zoology, 31, i - lxxvii + 1 - 314, 43 pls." type="journal article" year="1889">Wright & Studer, 1889</bibRefCitation>
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: 62
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="263310DEFFE1FFF2FD9AFD77FD17DDCE" author="Bayer" box="[592,764,692,714]" page="945" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" year="1981">
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<bibRefCitation id="C3034B3EFFE1FFF2FD9AFD77FD22DDCE" author="Bayer" box="[592,713,692,714]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="Bayer, F. M. (1981) Key to the genera of Octocorallia exclusive of Pennatulacea (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) with diagnoses of new taxa. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 94, 902 - 947." type="journal article" year="1981">Bayer 1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 945
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A72D36CFFFE1FFF2FF5DFD10FD8ADDEC" blockId="2.[151,1435,569,744]" box="[151,609,722,744]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
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<taxonomicName id="60924D4CFFE1FFF2FF5DFD10FE4DDDEC" authority="Verrill, 1928: 7" authorityName="Verrill" authorityPageNumber="7" authorityYear="1928" box="[151,422,722,744]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Allogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="95E6EADDFFE1FFF2FF5DFD10FEEFDDEC" box="[151,260,722,744]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Allogorgia</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="263310DEFFE1FFF2FEC0FD10FE4DDDEC" author="Verrill" box="[266,422,722,744]" page="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" year="1928">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C3034B3EFFE1FFF2FEC0FD10FE65DDEC" author="Verrill" box="[266,398,722,744]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="Verrill, A. E. (1928) Hawaiian shallow-water Anthozoa. Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin, 49, 1 - 30. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58574" type="journal article" year="1928">Verrill, 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 7
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="263310DEFFE1FFF2FE7BFD11FDB6DDEC" author="Bayer" box="[433,605,722,744]" page="945" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" year="1981">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C3034B3EFFE1FFF2FE7BFD11FDC0DDEC" author="Bayer" box="[433,555,722,744]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="Bayer, F. M. (1981) Key to the genera of Octocorallia exclusive of Pennatulacea (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) with diagnoses of new taxa. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 94, 902 - 947." type="journal article" year="1981">Bayer 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 945
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EF886544FFE1FFF2FF5DFCD7FADEDCE6" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="A72D36CFFFE1FFF2FF5DFCD7FADEDCE6" blockId="2.[151,1437,789,1174]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
|
||
<emphasis id="95E6EADDFFE1FFF2FF5DFCD7FEFADC2A" bold="true" box="[151,273,789,814]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Colonies branching mostly in one plane, fan-like, dichotomous, pinnate-like, or unbranched. Branches mostly free or with some anastomosing. Polyp mounds conical, prominent, or slightly raised, scattered or crowded, usually biserial and with two opposed polyp mounds at the tip of the branches. Coenenchyme usually thin. Coenenchymal sclerites are capstans, radiates and spindles. Thin, sharp and elongated spindles concentrated in the polyp mounds. Anthocodiae with points arrangements of bar-like rods straight or curved, frequently long. Collaret absent or of a few bar-like rods. Axis horny and flexible. Color of the colonies red, orange, pink or white.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EF886544FFE1FFF2FF0DFC2FFC37DB02" box="[199,988,1005,1030]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="A72D36CFFFE1FFF2FF0DFC2FFC37DB02" blockId="2.[151,1437,789,1174]" box="[199,988,1005,1030]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
|
||
<emphasis id="95E6EADDFFE1FFF2FF0DFC2FFE89DB02" bold="true" box="[199,354,1005,1030]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
|
||
<typeStatus id="7829886DFFE1FFF2FF0DFC2FFEE9DB02" box="[199,258,1005,1030]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
species.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60924D4CFFE1FFF2FEA3FC2CFCDDDB02" authority="Ellis & Solander, 1786" authorityName="Ellis & Solander" authorityYear="1786" box="[361,822,1005,1030]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Gorgonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="exserta">
|
||
<emphasis id="95E6EADDFFE1FFF2FEA3FC2CFDC6DB01" box="[361,557,1006,1029]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Gorgonia exserta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C3034B3EFFE1FFF2FDFEFC2FFCDDDB02" author="Ellis" box="[564,822,1005,1030]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="Ellis, J. & Solander, D. (1786) The Natural History of many curious and uncommon Zoophytes, collected by the late John Ellis and systematically arranged and described by the Daniel Solander, London, xii + 208 pp., 63 pls. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 2145" type="book" year="1786">Ellis & Solander, 1786</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by monotypy.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EF886544FFE1FFF2FF0DFBD3FDA3DB91" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="A72D36CFFFE1FFF2FF0DFBD3FDA3DB91" blockId="2.[151,1437,789,1174]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
|
||
<emphasis id="95E6EADDFFE1FFF2FF0DFBD3FED0DB2E" bold="true" box="[199,315,1041,1066]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C3034B3EFFE1FFF2FE27FBD3FD2DDB2E" author="Deichmann" box="[493,710,1041,1066]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="Deichmann, E. (1936) The Alcyonaria of the Western part of the Atlantic Ocean. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 53, 317 pp, 37 pls. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 49348" type="book" year="1936">Deichmann (1936)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
the definition of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60924D4CFFE1FFF2FBD7FBD3FB80DB2D" box="[1053,1131,1041,1065]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Swiftia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="95E6EADDFFE1FFF2FBD7FBD3FB80DB2D" box="[1053,1131,1041,1065]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Swiftia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
corresponds exactly with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60924D4CFFE1FFF2FF5DFBF4FE2ADB4A" authority="Verrill, 1883" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1883" box="[151,449,1077,1102]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Stenogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="95E6EADDFFE1FFF2FF5DFBF4FEF5DB49" box="[151,286,1078,1101]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Stenogorgia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C3034B3EFFE1FFF2FEE1FBF7FE2ADB4A" author="Verrill" box="[299,449,1077,1102]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="Verrill, A. E. (1883) Report on the Anthozoa, and on some additional species dredged by the " Blake " in 1877 - 1879, and by the U. S. Fish steamer " Fish Hawk " in 1880 - 82. Bulletin of the Comparative Museum of Zoology, 11, 1 - 72, pls. 1 - 8. [Harvard]" type="journal article" year="1883">Verrill, 1883</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Deichmann stated that the problem was a misinterpretation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60924D4CFFE1FFF2FB09FBF4FEABDB76" authority="Ellis & Solander, 1786" authorityName="Ellis & Solander" authorityYear="1786" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Gorgonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="exserta">
|
||
<emphasis id="95E6EADDFFE1FFF2FB09FBF4FAD2DB49" box="[1219,1337,1078,1101]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">G. exserta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C3034B3EFFE1FFF2FA8CFBF7FEABDB76" author="Ellis" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="Ellis, J. & Solander, D. (1786) The Natural History of many curious and uncommon Zoophytes, collected by the late John Ellis and systematically arranged and described by the Daniel Solander, London, xii + 208 pp., 63 pls. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 2145" type="book" year="1786">Ellis & Solander, 1786</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by Verrill and later by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C3034B3EFFE1FFF2FD8DFB9BFCFBDB76" author="Kukenthal" box="[583,784,1113,1138]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="Kukenthal, W. (1924) Gorgonaria. Das Tierreich, Vol. 47. Walter de Gruyter & Company, Berlin, i - xxviii + 478 pp." type="book" year="1924">Kükenthal (1924)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. However, a thorough review is needed in order to clarify taxonomic problems related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60924D4CFFE1FFF2FE39FBBFFDAADB91" box="[499,577,1149,1173]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Swiftia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="95E6EADDFFE1FFF2FE39FBBFFDAADB91" box="[499,577,1149,1173]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Swiftia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |