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<document id="1349CF068222C10BA292A3BBF259FD21" ID-CLB-Dataset="28355" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4567.2.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="48e044d1-2b64-4958-8789-f8cd296015cf" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2594924" ID-ZooBank="A5A04DAC-86F1-46AF-BA68-59A7014E6655" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1552656024322" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Stone, Robert P., Lehnert, Helmut &amp; Hoff, Gerald R." docDate="2019" docId="2C6287D2FFCFE975DC8BFB015B39FE66" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4567.2.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4567 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Antho (Acarnia) ridgwayi Stone &amp; Lehnert &amp; Hoff 2019, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="249" masterDocId="D05BFFAAFFC6E978DC1CFFBB5E6CFFB6" masterDocTitle="Inventory of the eastern Bering Sea sponge fauna, geographic range extensions and description of Antho ridgwayi sp. nov." masterLastPageNumber="250" masterPageNumber="236" pageNumber="245" updateTime="1698701804266" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="7D98B43A9461AA8775C50A16484D8165">Inventory of the eastern Bering Sea sponge fauna, geographic range extensions and description of Antho ridgwayi sp. nov.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="01FC4351A2A836E6AC86F324287B8AAB">Stone, Robert P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C5A1538548A76E82D859E13D9F00C6C3">Lehnert, Helmut</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2CEB515A328EDA3135785F2E058718D0">Hoff, Gerald R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="7864683E3C3E05D5CE43474172DD9326">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D498A509B8D997D6F7C1EA839396CE93">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="11918BDBCE3FFB0BE1A4B334EB51E0FB">4567</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="B0319F6244A902A57923BFD7241B3FA1" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4567.2.2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="2C6287D2FFCFE975DC8BFB015B39FE66" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5944522" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154402295" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5944522" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2C6287D2FFCFE975DC8BFB015B39FE66" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2C6287D2FFCFE975DC8BFB015B39FE66" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="249" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">
<subSubSection id="ECD1654FFFCFE971DC8BFB015C7BFB63" box="[151,535,1210,1237]" pageId="9" pageNumber="245" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="A47436C4FFCFE971DC8BFB015C7BFB63" blockId="9.[151,535,1210,1270]" box="[151,535,1210,1237]" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">
<heading id="FF3C81A8FFCFE971DC8BFB015C7BFB63" bold="true" box="[151,535,1210,1237]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="245" reason="1">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCFE971DC8BFB015C7BFB63" bold="true" box="[151,535,1210,1237]" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCFE971DC8BFB015FA1FB62" ID-CoL="85K2R" authority="Stone &amp; Lehnert &amp; Hoff, 2019" authorityName="Stone &amp; Lehnert &amp; Hoff" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,461,1210,1236]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Antho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="245" phylum="Porifera" rank="subGenus" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Acarnia">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCFE971DC8BFB015FA1FB62" bold="true" box="[151,461,1210,1236]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">Antho (Acarnia) ridgwayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8D8C57ADFFCFE971DDC9FB005C7BFB63" box="[469,535,1211,1237]" pageId="9" pageNumber="245" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="ECD1654FFFCFE971DC8BFB665FE5FB40" box="[151,393,1245,1270]" pageId="9" pageNumber="245" type="description">
<paragraph id="A47436C4FFCFE971DC8BFB665FE5FB40" blockId="9.[151,535,1210,1270]" box="[151,393,1245,1270]" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">
(
<figureCitation id="3CF02A41FFCFE971DC83FB665E80FB40" box="[159,236,1245,1270]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1321,1343]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,399,1310]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[158,1429,399,1310]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 2. Antho ridgwayi n. sp. A, Holotype. Grid marks are 1 cm. B, Light microscopic section perpendicular to the surface. Ectosome visible as dark band on upper right. Ascending tracts of styles and reticulation of acanthostrongyles visible below, appearing as darker area. C, Close-up view of section perpendicular to surface. Ectosomal veneer with numerous isochelae (upper right) and ascending tracts of styles (below). Reticulation of acanthostrongyles visible at the right. D, Small and large toxa within the ectosomal organic veneer." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2594928/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="3CF02A41FFCFE971DD0CFB655F4CFB40" box="[272,288,1246,1270]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,208,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[158,1428,208,1847]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. SEM images. A, a section through the complete blade of the sponge perpendicular to the surface. In the center of the sponge blade, the reticulation of acanthostrongyles is visible, towards both surfaces of the sponge blade plumose tracts of styles run towards the two surfaces ending at the ectosome. B, Large and small style, acanthostrongyles and ectosomal tylotes. C, Ectosomal tylote with microspined head detail in inset at upper right. D, Acanthostrongyle. E, Small category of toxon. F, Isochelae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2594932/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">3</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="E949037FFFCFE971DD31FB665FEDFB40" box="[301,385,1245,1270]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="12.[147,232,542,564]" captionText="TABLE 2. Spicule characteristics and locality of all Antho (Acarnia) species known from the Northern Hemisphere. All measurements are in µm." pageId="9" pageNumber="245">Table 2</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="ECD1654FFFCFE971DC8BFA9E5A2BFA78" pageId="9" pageNumber="245" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="A47436C4FFCFE971DC8BFA9E5A2BFA78" blockId="9.[151,1437,1317,2026]" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCFE971DC8BFA9E5F9AFA88" bold="true" box="[151,502,1317,1342]" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">
Material examined.
<materialsCitation id="14A33C99FFCFE971DD95FA9E5F9AFA88" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2013156516" box="[393,502,1317,1342]" collectingDate="2016-06-21" collectionCode="USNM, ZSM" collectorName="Jerry Hoff &amp; FV Cape Flattery" country="Germany" county="Zoologische Staatssammlung Munchen" latitude="56.9098" location="Pribilof Islands" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-173.36565" municipality="Water" pageId="9" pageNumber="245" specimenCode="USNM2084685, ZSM 20190188" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="7B708866FFCFE971DD95FA9E5F9AFA88" box="[393,502,1317,1342]" pageId="9" pageNumber="245" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="F46D9EBFFFCFE971DDE2FA9E5CD8FA88" box="[510,692,1317,1342]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="9" pageNumber="245" type="Museum">USNM2084685</specimenCode>
, largely intact specimen originally frozen then dried, collected by
<collectorName id="093E5312FFCFE971DC8BFAF15F65FAD4" box="[151,265,1353,1378]" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">Jerry Hoff</collectorName>
with a research survey bottom trawl from the
<collectorName id="093E5312FFCFE971DF10FAF15DBEFAD7" box="[780,978,1353,1377]" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">
FV
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCFE971DF2AFAF15DBEFAD7" box="[822,978,1353,1377]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">Cape Flattery</emphasis>
</collectorName>
;
<collectingDate id="C031E9ECFFCFE971DFFCFAF15A14FAD4" box="[992,1144,1353,1378]" pageId="9" pageNumber="245" value="2016-06-21">
<date id="D0751004FFCFE971DFFCFAF15A14FAD4" box="[992,1144,1353,1378]" pageId="9" pageNumber="245" value="2016-06-21">
21 June
<quantity id="63339B21FFCFE971D821FAF25A14FAD4" box="[1085,1144,1353,1378]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.01621" pageId="9" pageNumber="245" unit="m" value="2016210.0">2016</quantity>
</date>
</collectingDate>
, 210 m depth, haul station #27,
<locationDeviation id="B5C62FE6FFCFE971DCCEFAD65C3BFA30" box="[210,599,1389,1414]" location="St. Paul Island" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">
<quantity id="63339B21FFCFE971DCCEFAD65F5DFA30" box="[210,305,1389,1414]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.75" pageId="9" pageNumber="245" unit="km" value="97.5">97.5 km</quantity>
WSW of St. Paul Island
</locationDeviation>
,
<location id="A114601FFFCFE971DE7AFAD65D7BFA30" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2C6287D2FFCFE975DC8BFB015B39FE66:A114601FFFCFE971DE7AFAD65D7BFA30" box="[614,791,1389,1414]" country="Germany" county="Zoologische Staatssammlung Munchen" latitude="56.9098" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-173.36565" municipality="Water" name="Pribilof Islands" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">Pribilof Islands</location>
, upper slope of the
<location id="A114601FFFCFE971D81FFAD55AB7FA30" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2C6287D2FFCFE975DC8BFB015B39FE66:A114601FFFCFE971D81FFAD55AB7FA30" box="[1027,1243,1389,1414]" country="Germany" county="Zoologische Staatssammlung Munchen" latitude="56.9098" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-173.36565" municipality="Water" name="eastern Bering Sea" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">eastern Bering Sea</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="C1FF5003FFCFE971D8F2FAD65BF4FA33" box="[1262,1432,1389,1414]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="245" precision="1" value="56.9098">56°54.5880' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C1FF5003FFCFE971DC8BFA295F3BFA1C" box="[151,343,1426,1450]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="245" precision="1" value="-173.36565">173°21.9390' W</geoCoordinate>
).
<collectingMunicipality id="4410ACBEFFCFE971DD73FA295FDDFA1F" box="[367,433,1426,1449]" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">Water</collectingMunicipality>
temperature = 3.9 °C. A fragment of the
<typeStatus id="7B708866FFCFE971DFA2FA2A5A4CFA1C" box="[958,1056,1425,1450]" pageId="9" pageNumber="245" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is deposited at the
<collectingCounty id="4D154E48FFCFE971D90EFA2A5FAEFA78" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">Zoologische Staatssammlung München</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingCountry id="DCDC7654FFCFE971DDD1FA0D5C59FA78" box="[461,565,1462,1486]" name="Germany" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">Germany</collectingCountry>
under the registration number
<specimenCode id="F46D9EBFFFCFE971DF93FA0D5A28FA78" box="[911,1092,1462,1486]" collectionCode="ZSM" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="9" pageNumber="245" type="Museum">ZSM 20190188</specimenCode>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="ECD1654FFFCFE971DCDBFA625DB0F814" pageId="9" pageNumber="245" type="description">
<paragraph id="A47436C4FFCFE971DCDBFA625C79F98C" blockId="9.[151,1437,1317,2026]" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCFE971DCDBFA625F35FA44" bold="true" box="[199,345,1497,1522]" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">Description.</emphasis>
A foliaceous or flabellate, golden brown sponge with an irregular outline and lobes in several directions (
<figureCitation id="3CF02A41FFCFE971DD04FA465F19F9A0" box="[280,373,1533,1558]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1321,1343]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,399,1310]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[158,1429,399,1310]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 2. Antho ridgwayi n. sp. A, Holotype. Grid marks are 1 cm. B, Light microscopic section perpendicular to the surface. Ectosome visible as dark band on upper right. Ascending tracts of styles and reticulation of acanthostrongyles visible below, appearing as darker area. C, Close-up view of section perpendicular to surface. Ectosomal veneer with numerous isochelae (upper right) and ascending tracts of styles (below). Reticulation of acanthostrongyles visible at the right. D, Small and large toxa within the ectosomal organic veneer." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2594928/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
), maximum dimensions 130 x 120
<date id="D0751004FFCFE971DF0FFA455D39F9A0" box="[787,853,1534,1558]" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">
x
<quantity id="63339B21FFCFE971DF37FA455D39F9A0" box="[811,853,1534,1558]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="245" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3</quantity>
</date>
mm. The consistency is flexible and resilient. No oscules visible, surface is smooth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A47436C4FFCFE971DCDBF9FE5D5BF958" blockId="9.[151,1437,1317,2026]" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">
Skeletal architecture. The relatively narrow sheet of the sponge has a reticulation of acanthostrongyles in its center (
<figureCitation id="3CF02A41FFCFE971DCF6F9D25F25F934" box="[234,329,1641,1666]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1321,1343]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,399,1310]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[158,1429,399,1310]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 2. Antho ridgwayi n. sp. A, Holotype. Grid marks are 1 cm. B, Light microscopic section perpendicular to the surface. Ectosome visible as dark band on upper right. Ascending tracts of styles and reticulation of acanthostrongyles visible below, appearing as darker area. C, Close-up view of section perpendicular to surface. Ectosomal veneer with numerous isochelae (upper right) and ascending tracts of styles (below). Reticulation of acanthostrongyles visible at the right. D, Small and large toxa within the ectosomal organic veneer." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2594928/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">Figs. 2B</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="3CF02A41FFCFE971DD71F9D15FFEF934" box="[365,402,1642,1666]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,208,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[158,1428,208,1847]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. SEM images. A, a section through the complete blade of the sponge perpendicular to the surface. In the center of the sponge blade, the reticulation of acanthostrongyles is visible, towards both surfaces of the sponge blade plumose tracts of styles run towards the two surfaces ending at the ectosome. B, Large and small style, acanthostrongyles and ectosomal tylotes. C, Ectosomal tylote with microspined head detail in inset at upper right. D, Acanthostrongyle. E, Small category of toxon. F, Isochelae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2594932/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">3A</figureCitation>
), near the two surfaces, plumose tracts composed of two categories of styles rise towards the ectosome (
<figureCitation id="3CF02A41FFCFE971DD08F9365FC1F910" box="[276,429,1677,1702]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1321,1343]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,399,1310]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[158,1429,399,1310]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 2. Antho ridgwayi n. sp. A, Holotype. Grid marks are 1 cm. B, Light microscopic section perpendicular to the surface. Ectosome visible as dark band on upper right. Ascending tracts of styles and reticulation of acanthostrongyles visible below, appearing as darker area. C, Close-up view of section perpendicular to surface. Ectosomal veneer with numerous isochelae (upper right) and ascending tracts of styles (below). Reticulation of acanthostrongyles visible at the right. D, Small and large toxa within the ectosomal organic veneer." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2594928/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">Figs. 2B, 2C</figureCitation>
, &amp;
<figureCitation id="3CF02A41FFCFE971DDC2F9355C68F910" box="[478,516,1678,1702]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,208,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[158,1428,208,1847]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. SEM images. A, a section through the complete blade of the sponge perpendicular to the surface. In the center of the sponge blade, the reticulation of acanthostrongyles is visible, towards both surfaces of the sponge blade plumose tracts of styles run towards the two surfaces ending at the ectosome. B, Large and small style, acanthostrongyles and ectosomal tylotes. C, Ectosomal tylote with microspined head detail in inset at upper right. D, Acanthostrongyle. E, Small category of toxon. F, Isochelae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2594932/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">3A</figureCitation>
). The smaller category of subtylostyles with microspined heads also occurs in bundles in between the tracts. The ectosome consists of a thin organic veneer (
<figureCitation id="3CF02A41FFCFE971DFE2F90A5AF8F97C" box="[1022,1172,1713,1738]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1321,1343]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,399,1310]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[158,1429,399,1310]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 2. Antho ridgwayi n. sp. A, Holotype. Grid marks are 1 cm. B, Light microscopic section perpendicular to the surface. Ectosome visible as dark band on upper right. Ascending tracts of styles and reticulation of acanthostrongyles visible below, appearing as darker area. C, Close-up view of section perpendicular to surface. Ectosomal veneer with numerous isochelae (upper right) and ascending tracts of styles (below). Reticulation of acanthostrongyles visible at the right. D, Small and large toxa within the ectosomal organic veneer." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2594928/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">Figs. 2B &amp; C</figureCitation>
) and contains abundant palmate isochelae, toxa and tylotes with microspined heads.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A47436C4FFCFE971DCDBF9425DB0F814" blockId="9.[151,1437,1317,2026]" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">
Spicules. Megascleres are ectosomal tylotes with microspined heads (
<figureCitation id="3CF02A41FFCFE971D83EF9425AEFF8A4" box="[1058,1155,1785,1810]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,208,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[158,1428,208,1847]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. SEM images. A, a section through the complete blade of the sponge perpendicular to the surface. In the center of the sponge blade, the reticulation of acanthostrongyles is visible, towards both surfaces of the sponge blade plumose tracts of styles run towards the two surfaces ending at the ectosome. B, Large and small style, acanthostrongyles and ectosomal tylotes. C, Ectosomal tylote with microspined head detail in inset at upper right. D, Acanthostrongyle. E, Small category of toxon. F, Isochelae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2594932/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
), 223–254
<date id="D0751004FFCFE971D909F9415B32F8A4" box="[1301,1374,1785,1810]" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">x 6–9</date>
µm, choanosomal acanthostrongyles (
<figureCitation id="3CF02A41FFCFE971DE0EF8A65CDBF880" box="[530,695,1821,1846]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,208,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[158,1428,208,1847]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. SEM images. A, a section through the complete blade of the sponge perpendicular to the surface. In the center of the sponge blade, the reticulation of acanthostrongyles is visible, towards both surfaces of the sponge blade plumose tracts of styles run towards the two surfaces ending at the ectosome. B, Large and small style, acanthostrongyles and ectosomal tylotes. C, Ectosomal tylote with microspined head detail in inset at upper right. D, Acanthostrongyle. E, Small category of toxon. F, Isochelae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2594932/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">Figs. 3B &amp; D</figureCitation>
), 195–228
<date id="D0751004FFCFE971DF20F8A55DF6F880" box="[828,922,1822,1846]" pageId="9" pageNumber="245" value="2014-10-24">x 14–24</date>
µm, choanosomal, echinating smooth, thick styles (
<figureCitation id="3CF02A41FFCFE971DCF1F8FA5FE2F8EC" box="[237,398,1857,1882]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1321,1343]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,399,1310]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[158,1429,399,1310]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 2. Antho ridgwayi n. sp. A, Holotype. Grid marks are 1 cm. B, Light microscopic section perpendicular to the surface. Ectosome visible as dark band on upper right. Ascending tracts of styles and reticulation of acanthostrongyles visible below, appearing as darker area. C, Close-up view of section perpendicular to surface. Ectosomal veneer with numerous isochelae (upper right) and ascending tracts of styles (below). Reticulation of acanthostrongyles visible at the right. D, Small and large toxa within the ectosomal organic veneer." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2594928/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">Figs. 2B, 2D</figureCitation>
, &amp;
<figureCitation id="3CF02A41FFCFE971DDD9F8F95F84F8EC" box="[453,488,1858,1882]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,208,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[158,1428,208,1847]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. SEM images. A, a section through the complete blade of the sponge perpendicular to the surface. In the center of the sponge blade, the reticulation of acanthostrongyles is visible, towards both surfaces of the sponge blade plumose tracts of styles run towards the two surfaces ending at the ectosome. B, Large and small style, acanthostrongyles and ectosomal tylotes. C, Ectosomal tylote with microspined head detail in inset at upper right. D, Acanthostrongyle. E, Small category of toxon. F, Isochelae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2594932/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">3B</figureCitation>
), 620–805 x
<date id="D0751004FFCFE971DE8CF8F95CBAF8EC" box="[656,726,1857,1882]" pageId="9" pageNumber="245" value="1938-05-02">2 5–38</date>
µm, and choanosomal thin (subtylo-)styles (
<figureCitation id="3CF02A41FFCFE971D8EAF8FA5B3FF8EC" box="[1270,1363,1857,1882]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,208,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[158,1428,208,1847]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. SEM images. A, a section through the complete blade of the sponge perpendicular to the surface. In the center of the sponge blade, the reticulation of acanthostrongyles is visible, towards both surfaces of the sponge blade plumose tracts of styles run towards the two surfaces ending at the ectosome. B, Large and small style, acanthostrongyles and ectosomal tylotes. C, Ectosomal tylote with microspined head detail in inset at upper right. D, Acanthostrongyle. E, Small category of toxon. F, Isochelae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2594932/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
) with microspined heads, 378–466
<date id="D0751004FFCFE971DDFDF8DD5C43F8C8" box="[481,559,1894,1918]" pageId="9" pageNumber="245" value="2010-10-08">x 8–10</date>
µm. Microscleres are palmate isochelae (
<figureCitation id="3CF02A41FFCFE971D81AF8DE5A30F8C8" box="[1030,1116,1893,1918]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,208,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[158,1428,208,1847]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. SEM images. A, a section through the complete blade of the sponge perpendicular to the surface. In the center of the sponge blade, the reticulation of acanthostrongyles is visible, towards both surfaces of the sponge blade plumose tracts of styles run towards the two surfaces ending at the ectosome. B, Large and small style, acanthostrongyles and ectosomal tylotes. C, Ectosomal tylote with microspined head detail in inset at upper right. D, Acanthostrongyle. E, Small category of toxon. F, Isochelae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2594932/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
), 20–24 µm and toxa in two size categories, small, 10–42 µm, and large, 136–182 µm (
<figureCitation id="3CF02A41FFCFE971DF34F8325DE6F814" box="[808,906,1929,1954]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1321,1343]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,399,1310]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[158,1429,399,1310]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 2. Antho ridgwayi n. sp. A, Holotype. Grid marks are 1 cm. B, Light microscopic section perpendicular to the surface. Ectosome visible as dark band on upper right. Ascending tracts of styles and reticulation of acanthostrongyles visible below, appearing as darker area. C, Close-up view of section perpendicular to surface. Ectosomal veneer with numerous isochelae (upper right) and ascending tracts of styles (below). Reticulation of acanthostrongyles visible at the right. D, Small and large toxa within the ectosomal organic veneer." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2594928/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">Figs. 2D</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="3CF02A41FFCFE971DFB1F8315DBCF814" box="[941,976,1930,1954]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,208,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[158,1428,208,1847]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. SEM images. A, a section through the complete blade of the sponge perpendicular to the surface. In the center of the sponge blade, the reticulation of acanthostrongyles is visible, towards both surfaces of the sponge blade plumose tracts of styles run towards the two surfaces ending at the ectosome. B, Large and small style, acanthostrongyles and ectosomal tylotes. C, Ectosomal tylote with microspined head detail in inset at upper right. D, Acanthostrongyle. E, Small category of toxon. F, Isochelae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2594932/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">3E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="ECD1654FFFCFE972DCDBF8165DBAF9AA" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="246" pageId="9" pageNumber="245" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="A47436C4FFCFE972DCDBF8165F68FED2" blockId="9.[151,1437,1317,2026]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="246" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCFE971DCDBF8165F20F870" bold="true" box="[199,332,1965,1990]" pageId="9" pageNumber="245">Discussion.</emphasis>
A well-structured choanosome with megascleres differentiated in geometry and distribution, more than one category of choanosomal megascleres, one greatly modified and accessory spicules that consist of acanthostrongyles and are accompanied by ascending plumose tracts of styles clearly indicate the assignment of the new species within the family
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCCE972DDE4FF075CF2FF63" authorityName="Carter" authorityYear="1875" box="[504,670,188,213]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="246" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Microcionidae</taxonomicName>
, the genus
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCCE972DF3EFF075D09FF62" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[802,869,188,212]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Antho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="246" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCCE972DF3EFF075D09FF62" box="[802,869,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">Antho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCCE972D858FF075AF2FF65" box="[1092,1182,188,211]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Antho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="246" phylum="Porifera" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Acarnia">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCCE972D858FF075AF2FF65" box="[1092,1182,188,211]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">Acarnia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A comparison of the new species with congeners from the Bering Sea, North Pacific Ocean, Arctic Ocean, and North Atlantic Ocean indicate that there are no other
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCCE972DDE4FEBF5C50FEAA" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[504,572,260,284]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Antho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="246" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCCE972DDE4FEBF5C50FEAA" box="[504,572,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">Antho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species in the area with two categories of toxa and none with large styles of comparable size and geometry. The new species differs from all compared congeners in the following characters (
<tableCitation id="E949037FFFCCE972DC82FEF75E9AFED2" box="[158,246,332,357]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="12.[147,232,542,564]" captionText="TABLE 2. Spicule characteristics and locality of all Antho (Acarnia) species known from the Northern Hemisphere. All measurements are in µm." pageId="10" pageNumber="246">Table 2</tableCitation>
):
</paragraph>
<caption id="F0B4664CFFCCE972DC8BFA925CCCFA0C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2594928/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="246" startId="10.[151,250,1321,1343]" targetBox="[158,1429,399,1310]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="A47436C4FFCCE972DC8BFA925CCCFA0C" blockId="10.[151,1436,1321,1466]" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCCE972DC8BFA925F7AFA88" bold="true" box="[151,278,1321,1343]" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCCE972DD3CFA925FACFA89" authority="Stone &amp; Lehnert &amp; Hoff, 2019" authorityName="Stone &amp; Lehnert &amp; Hoff" authorityYear="2019" box="[288,448,1321,1343]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Antho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="246" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCCE972DD3CFA925FACFA89" box="[288,448,1321,1343]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">Antho ridgwayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8D8C57ADFFCCE972DDD7FA915C6BFA89" box="[459,519,1322,1343]" pageId="10" pageNumber="246" rank="species">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCCE972DDD7FA915C6BFA89" bold="true" box="[459,519,1322,1343]" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
A, Holotype. Grid marks are 1 cm. B, Light microscopic section perpendicular to the surface. Ectosome visible as dark band on upper right. Ascending tracts of styles and reticulation of acanthostrongyles visible below, appearing as darker area. C, Close-up view of section perpendicular to surface. Ectosomal veneer with numerous isochelae (upper right) and ascending tracts of styles (below). Reticulation of acanthostrongyles visible at the right. D, Small and large toxa within the ectosomal organic veneer.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="A47436C4FFCCE972DC8BFA645DBAF9AA" blockId="10.[151,1436,1503,2033]" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCCE972DC8BFA645F5AFA4E" baseAuthorityName="Koltun" baseAuthorityYear="1959" box="[151,310,1503,1528]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Antho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="246" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arctica">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCCE972DC8BFA645F5AFA4E" bold="true" box="[151,310,1503,1528]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">Antho arctica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has thinner large styles that have spined heads, much thinner acanthostrongyles (approximately one third), tornotes instead of tylotes that are much longer, and lacks toxa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="ECD1654FFFCCE975DC8BF9935CB2FED2" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="249" pageId="10" pageNumber="246" type="description">
<paragraph id="A47436C4FFCCE972DC8BF9935A46F9D2" blockId="10.[151,1436,1503,2033]" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCCE972DC8BF9935F6AF9F6" authorityName="Sim &amp; Lee" authorityYear="1998" box="[151,262,1575,1600]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Antho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="246" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bakusi">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCCE972DC8BF9935EC6F9F6" bold="true" box="[151,170,1576,1600]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCCE972DCA6F99C5F6AF9F6" bold="true" box="[186,262,1575,1600]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">bakusi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has shorter styles, an additional category of thin styles and shorter acanthostyles, shorter and thinner acanthostrongyles, no ectosomal tylotes, and three distinct categories of toxa.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A47436C4FFCCE972DC8BF9CB5A03F967" blockId="10.[151,1436,1503,2033]" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCCE972DC8BF9CB5F51F93E" baseAuthorityName="Levi" baseAuthorityYear="1960" box="[151,317,1647,1672]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Antho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="246" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="circonflexa">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCCE972DC8BF9CB5EC6F93E" bold="true" box="[151,170,1648,1672]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCCE972DCA6F9D45F51F93E" bold="true" box="[186,317,1647,1672]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">circonflexa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has acanthostyles instead of styles that are shorter and thinner, lacks a second category of styles, much shorter acanthostrongyles, lacks tylotes although the subtylostyles mentioned by
<bibRefCitation id="C05A4B35FFCCE972D8B6F92F5B5EF91B" author="Levi, C." box="[1194,1330,1684,1709]" pageId="10" pageNumber="246" pagination="47 - 87" refId="ref4570" refString="Levi, C. (1960) Les demosponges des cotes de France: 1. Les Clathriidae. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 1, 47 - 87." type="journal article" year="1960">Lévi (1960)</bibRefCitation>
could be regarded as tylotes based on the figure in the publication, and has shorter isochelae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A47436C4FFCCE972DC8BF9675D91F8AF" blockId="10.[151,1436,1503,2033]" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCCE972DC8BF9675F76F942" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[151,282,1756,1780]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Antho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="246" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="coriacea">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCCE972DC8BF9675EC6F942" bold="true" box="[151,170,1756,1780]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCCE972DCA4F9675F76F942" bold="true" box="[184,282,1756,1780]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">coriacea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has shorter styles (both acanthostyles), much shorter acanthostrongyles, and lacks tylotes although we regard the subtylostyles mentioned by
<bibRefCitation id="C05A4B35FFCCE972DE64F8BB5C91F8AF" author="Levi, C." box="[632,765,1792,1817]" pageId="10" pageNumber="246" pagination="47 - 87" refId="ref4570" refString="Levi, C. (1960) Les demosponges des cotes de France: 1. Les Clathriidae. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 1, 47 - 87." type="journal article" year="1960">Lévi (1960)</bibRefCitation>
as ectosomal spicules.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A47436C4FFCCE972DC8BF89F5D84F8D7" blockId="10.[151,1436,1503,2033]" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCCE972DC8BF89F5F63F88A" baseAuthorityName="Ridley &amp; Dendy" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[151,271,1827,1852]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Antho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="246" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCCE972DC8BF89F5EC6F88A" bold="true" box="[151,170,1828,1852]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCCE972DCA4F8985F63F88A" bold="true" box="[184,271,1827,1852]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has much shorter styles and acanthostyles, shorter acanthostrongyles, ectosomal subtylostyles intead of tylotes, shorter isochelae, and different sizes of the two toxa categories.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A47436C4FFCCE972DC8BF8D75C0DF81F" blockId="10.[151,1436,1503,2033]" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCCE972DC8BF8D75E89F832" baseAuthorityName="Bakus" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[151,229,1899,1924]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Antho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="246" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="illgi">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCCE972DC8BF8D75EC6F832" bold="true" box="[151,170,1900,1924]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCCE972DCA4F8D05E89F832" bold="true" box="[184,229,1899,1924]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">illgi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has shorter and thinner styles (both categories), short styles without microspined heads, shorter and thinner acanthostrongyles, and lacks tylotes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A47436C4FFCCE972DC8BF80F5F03F846" blockId="10.[151,1436,1503,2033]" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCCE972DC8BF80F5F22F87A" baseAuthorityName="Koltun" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[151,334,1971,1996]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Antho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="246" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="planoramosa">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCCE972DC8BF80F5EC6F87A" bold="true" box="[151,170,1972,1996]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCCE972DCABF8085F22F87A" bold="true" box="[183,334,1971,1996]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="246">planoramosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has only one category of styles (acanthostyles), thinner acanthostrongyles spined only at the ends, and lacks toxa.
</paragraph>
<caption id="F0B4664CFFCDE973DC8BF8D85E92F845" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2594932/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="247" startId="11.[151,250,1891,1913]" targetBox="[158,1428,208,1847]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="A47436C4FFCDE973DC8BF8D85E92F845" blockId="11.[151,1437,1891,2035]" pageId="11" pageNumber="247">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCDE973DC8BF8D85F7FF8CE" bold="true" box="[151,275,1891,1913]" pageId="11" pageNumber="247">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
SEM images. A, a section through the complete blade of the sponge perpendicular to the surface. In the center of the sponge blade, the reticulation of acanthostrongyles is visible, towards both surfaces of the sponge blade plumose tracts of styles run towards the two surfaces ending at the ectosome. B, Large and small style, acanthostrongyles and ectosomal tylotes. C, Ectosomal tylote with microspined head detail in inset at upper right. D, Acanthostrongyle. E, Small category of toxon. F, Isochelae.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="F0B4664CFFCAE974DC8FFDA55821FD82" box="[147,1613,542,564]" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">
<paragraph id="A47436C4FFCAE974DC8FFDA55821FD82" blockId="12.[147,1613,542,564]" box="[147,1613,542,564]" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCAE974DC8FFDA55F6DFD82" bold="true" box="[147,257,542,564]" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
Spicule characteristics and locality of all
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCAE974DEB8FDA55D24FD82" authority="" box="[676,840,542,564]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Antho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="248" phylum="Porifera" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Acarnia">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCAE974DEB8FDA55C8CFD82" box="[676,736,542,564]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Antho</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCAE974DEF3FDA55D2CFD82" box="[751,832,542,564]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Acarnia</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
species known from the Northern Hemisphere. All measurements are in µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="A47436C4FFCAE974DCBCFDF658C1FA46" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">
<table id="D6CBC464FFCA1687DCBCFDF65935F992" box="[160,1881,589,1572]" gridcols="7" gridrows="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">
<tr id="1AFB3486FFCA1687DCBCFDF65935FDCC" box="[160,1881,589,634]" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">
<th id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DCBCFDF65F00FDCC" box="[160,364,589,634]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Species, authority</th>
<th id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DD9AFDF65CD3FDCC" box="[390,703,589,634]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Choanosomal styles</th>
<th id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DEC7FDF65DAEFDCC" box="[731,962,589,634]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Choanosomal acanthostrongyles</th>
<th id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DFEFFDF65AA6FDCC" box="[1011,1226,589,634]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Ectosomal tylotes</th>
<th id="592A5DFAFFCA1687D8FAFDF65B30FDCC" box="[1254,1372,589,634]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Palmate isochelae</th>
<th id="592A5DFAFFCA1687D998FDF65857FDCC" box="[1412,1595,589,634]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Toxa</th>
<th id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DA43FDF65935FDCC" box="[1631,1881,589,634]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Locality</th>
</tr>
<tr id="1AFB3486FFCA1687DCBCFD3F5935FD7A" box="[160,1881,644,716]" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">
<th id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DCBCFD3F5F00FD7A" box="[160,364,644,716]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCAE974DCBCFD3F5EB8FD04" authority="(Koltun, 1959)" baseAuthorityName="Koltun" baseAuthorityYear="1959" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Antho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="248" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arctica">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCAE974DCBCFD3F5E8CFD2E" bold="true" box="[160,224,644,664]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">arctica</emphasis>
(Koltun, 1959)
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DD9AFD3F5CD3FD7A" box="[390,703,644,716]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Styles with spined heads, 300–740 x 10–17, acanthostyles, 180–260 x 7–10</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DEC7FD3F5DAEFD7A" box="[731,962,644,716]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">170–240 x 7–8</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DFEFFD3F5AA6FD7A" box="[1011,1226,644,716]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Tornotes, 240–400 x 6– 10</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687D8FAFD3F5B30FD7A" box="[1254,1372,644,716]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">23–32</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687D998FD3F5857FD7A" box="[1412,1595,644,716]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">None</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DA43FD3F5935FD7A" box="[1631,1881,644,716]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Arctic Ocean &amp; North Atlantic Ocean</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1AFB3486FFCA1687DCBCFD695935FCAC" box="[160,1881,722,794]" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">
<th id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DCBCFD695F00FCAC" box="[160,364,722,794]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCAE974DCBCFD695EA1FCB6" authority="Sim &amp; Lee, 1998" authorityName="Sim &amp; Lee" authorityYear="1998" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Antho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="248" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bakusi">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCAE974DCBCFD695EB2FD50" bold="true" box="[160,222,722,742]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">bakusi</emphasis>
Sim &amp; Lee, 1998
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DD9AFD695CD3FCAC" box="[390,703,722,794]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Thick styles, 225–650 x 10–25, thin styles, 160–445 x 4–6, acanthostyles, 110–185 x 5–10</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DEC7FD695DAEFCAC" box="[731,962,722,794]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">115–145 x 9–15</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DFEFFD695AA6FCAC" box="[1011,1226,722,794]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">None</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687D8FAFD695B30FCAC" box="[1254,1372,722,794]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">17.5–22.5</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687D998FD695857FCAC" box="[1412,1595,722,794]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Large, 107–207, medium, 55–95, small, 17.5–48</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DA43FD695935FCAC" box="[1631,1881,722,794]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">East China Sea (South Korea)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1AFB3486FFCA1687DCBCFC815935FCDE" box="[160,1881,826,872]" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">
<th id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DCBCFC815F00FCDE" box="[160,364,826,872]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCAE974DCBCFC815EB8FCDE" authority="(Levi, 1960)" baseAuthorityName="Levi" baseAuthorityYear="1960" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Antho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="248" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="circonflexa">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCAE974DCBCFC815F65FCF8" bold="true" box="[160,265,826,846]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">circonflexa</emphasis>
(Lévi, 1960)
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DD9AFC815CD3FCDE" box="[390,703,826,872]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Acanthostyles with spined heads, 150– 450 x 10</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DEC7FC815DAEFCDE" box="[731,962,826,872]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">“Acanthostyles”, 80–120 x 8</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DFEFFC815AA6FCDE" box="[1011,1226,826,872]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">“Subtylostyles”, 150– 400</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687D8FAFC815B30FCDE" box="[1254,1372,826,872]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">10–12</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687D998FC815857FCDE" box="[1412,1595,826,872]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">25–70</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DA43FC815935FCDE" box="[1631,1881,826,872]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">North Atlantic Ocean (European Coast)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1AFB3486FFCA1687DCBCFC3C5935FC66" box="[160,1881,903,976]" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">
<th id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DCBCFC3C5F00FC66" box="[160,364,903,976]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCAE974DCBCFC3C5EBBFC00" authority="(Bowerbank, 1874)" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1874" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1874" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Antho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="248" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="coriacea">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCAE974DCBCFC3C5E83FC2D" bold="true" box="[160,239,903,923]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">coriacea</emphasis>
(Bowerbank, 1874)
</taxonomicName>
*
</th>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DD9AFC3C5CD3FC66" box="[390,703,903,976]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Acanthostyles, 120–150 x 11–12, acanthostyles, 75–160 x 8</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DEC7FC3C5DAEFC66" box="[731,962,903,976]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Acanthostrongyles, 65–120, width not provided</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DFEFFC3C5AA6FC66" box="[1011,1226,903,976]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">“Subtylostyles”, 130– 425, width not provided</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687D8FAFC3C5B30FC66" box="[1254,1372,903,976]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">14–16</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687D998FC3C5857FC66" box="[1412,1595,903,976]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">20–215</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DA43FC3C5935FC66" box="[1631,1881,903,976]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">North Atlantic Ocean (European Coast &amp; western Mediterranean)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1AFB3486FFCA1687DCBCFC545935FBE7" box="[160,1881,1007,1105]" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">
<th id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DCBCFC545F00FBE7" box="[160,364,1007,1105]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCAE974DCBCFC545F71FBAB" authority="(Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1887)" authorityName="Ridley &amp; Dendy" authorityYear="1887" baseAuthorityName="Ridley &amp; Dendy" baseAuthorityYear="1887" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Antho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="248" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCAE974DCBCFC545E8AFBB5" bold="true" box="[160,230,1007,1027]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">elegans</emphasis>
(Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1887)
</taxonomicName>
**
</th>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DD9AFC545CD3FBE7" box="[390,703,1007,1105]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Styles, 216–612 x 7–16, acanthostyles, 117–171 x 9–13</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DEC7FC545DAEFBE7" box="[731,962,1007,1105]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Acanthostrongyles, 102–138 x 7–10</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DFEFFC545AA6FBE7" box="[1011,1226,1007,1105]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Subtylostyles with spined heads, 195–388 x 1.5–3.5</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687D8FAFC545B30FBE7" box="[1254,1372,1007,1105]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">16–21</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687D998FC545857FBE7" box="[1412,1595,1007,1105]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Possibly two size categories, 31–75, small, &amp; 123–234, large</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DA43FC545935FBE7" box="[1631,1881,1007,1105]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">North Atlantic Ocean (Azores, Sahelian Upwelling)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1AFB3486FFCA1687DCBCFBCA5935FB29" box="[160,1881,1137,1183]" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">
<th id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DCBCFBCA5F00FB29" box="[160,364,1137,1183]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCAE974DCBCFBCA5F26FB33" authority="(Bakus, 1966)" baseAuthorityName="Bakus" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[160,330,1137,1157]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Antho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="248" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="illgi">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCAE974DCBCFBCA5EA9FB33" bold="true" box="[160,197,1137,1157]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">illgi</emphasis>
(Bakus, 1966)
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DD9AFBCA5CD3FB29" box="[390,703,1137,1183]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Thin styles, 159–275 x 4–8, thick styles, 225–333 x 18–23</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DEC7FBCA5DAEFB29" box="[731,962,1137,1183]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Acanthostrongyles, 120–159 x 10–18</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DFEFFBCA5AA6FB29" box="[1011,1226,1137,1183]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">“Acanthostyles”, 177– 220 x 10–19</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687D8FAFBCA5B30FB29" box="[1254,1372,1137,1183]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">19–27</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687D998FBCA5857FB29" box="[1412,1595,1137,1183]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">29–133</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DA43FBCA5935FB29" box="[1631,1881,1137,1183]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">North Pacific Ocean (United States)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1AFB3486FFCA1687DCBCFB045935FB5B" box="[160,1881,1215,1261]" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">
<th id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DCBCFB045F00FB5B" box="[160,364,1215,1261]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCAE974DCBCFB045EB8FB5B" authority="(Koltun, 1962)" baseAuthorityName="Koltun" baseAuthorityYear="1962" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Antho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="248" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="planoramosa">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCAE974DCBCFB045F76FB65" bold="true" box="[160,282,1215,1235]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">planoramosa</emphasis>
(Koltun, 1962)
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DD9AFB045CD3FB5B" box="[390,703,1215,1261]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Acanthostyles, 240–530 x 18–25</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DEC7FB045DAEFB5B" box="[731,962,1215,1261]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Acanthostrongyles, 180–400 x 10–20</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DFEFFB045AA6FB5B" box="[1011,1226,1215,1261]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Tylotes, 220–280 x 4–8</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687D8FAFB045B30FB5B" box="[1254,1372,1215,1261]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">22–30</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687D998FB045857FB5B" box="[1412,1595,1215,1261]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">None</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DA43FB045935FB5B" box="[1631,1881,1215,1261]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">North Pacific Ocean (Russia, Kuril Islands)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1AFB3486FFCA1687DCBCFAB75935FAE3" box="[160,1881,1292,1365]" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">
<th id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DCBCFAB75F00FAE3" box="[160,364,1292,1365]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCAE974DCBCFAB75EB9FA8D" authority="(Topsent, 1904)" baseAuthorityName="Topsent" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Antho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="248" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="signata">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCAE974DCBCFAB75E88FA96" bold="true" box="[160,228,1292,1312]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">signata</emphasis>
(Topsent, 1904)
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DD9AFAB75CD3FAE3" box="[390,703,1292,1365]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Acanthostyles, 800 x 28–33, small acanthostyles, 250–300 x 13–15</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DEC7FAB75DAEFAE3" box="[731,962,1292,1365]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Acanthostrongyles***, 145 x 13</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DFEFFAB75AA6FAE3" box="[1011,1226,1292,1365]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Subtylostyles, 400 x 6– 8</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687D8FAFAB75B30FAE3" box="[1254,1372,1292,1365]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Anisochelae, 17–19</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687D998FAB75857FAE3" box="[1412,1595,1292,1365]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">140</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DA43FAB75935FAE3" box="[1631,1881,1292,1365]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">North Atlantic Ocean (Azores, South European Shelf)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1AFB3486FFCA1687DCBCFAE15935FA15" box="[160,1881,1370,1443]" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">
<th id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DCBCFAE15F00FA15" box="[160,364,1370,1443]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCAE974DCBCFAE15EB8FA3E" authority="(Tanita, 1968)" baseAuthorityName="Tanita" baseAuthorityYear="1968" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Antho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="248" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinulosa">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCAE974DCBCFAE15E95FAD8" bold="true" box="[160,249,1370,1390]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">spinulosa</emphasis>
(Tanita, 1968)
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DD9AFAE15CD3FA15" box="[390,703,1370,1443]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Smooth styles with microspined heads, 220–460 x 8.5–15, slender styles, 320–410 x 5–6</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DEC7FAE15DAEFA15" box="[731,962,1370,1443]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Strongyles to tylotes with spined heads, 180–225 x 10–13</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DFEFFAE15AA6FA15" box="[1011,1226,1370,1443]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">None</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687D8FAFAE15B30FA15" box="[1254,1372,1370,1443]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Rare arcuate(?) isochelae, 15</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687D998FAE15857FA15" box="[1412,1595,1370,1443]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">50</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DA43FAE15935FA15" box="[1631,1881,1370,1443]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">North Pacific Ocean (Japan)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1AFB3486FFCA1687DCBCFA795935F992" box="[160,1881,1474,1572]" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">
<th id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DCBCFA795F00F992" box="[160,364,1474,1572]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCAE974DCBCFA795E9DFA60" authority="Stone &amp; Lehnert &amp; Hoff, 2019" authorityName="Stone &amp; Lehnert &amp; Hoff" authorityYear="2019" box="[160,241,1474,1494]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Antho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="248" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="ridgwayi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCAE974DCBCFA795E9DFA60" bold="true" box="[160,241,1474,1494]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">ridgwayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8D8C57ADFFCAE974DCEAFA795F4BFA60" box="[246,295,1474,1494]" pageId="12" pageNumber="248" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</th>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DD9AFA795CD3F992" box="[390,703,1474,1572]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Smooth, thick styles, 620–805 x 25–38, thin (subtylo-)styles with microspined heads, 378 – 466 x 8–10</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DEC7FA795DAEF992" box="[731,962,1474,1572]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">195–228 x 14–24</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DFEFFA795AA6F992" box="[1011,1226,1474,1572]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">223–254 x 6–9</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687D8FAFA795B30F992" box="[1254,1372,1474,1572]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">20–24</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687D998FA795857F992" box="[1412,1595,1474,1572]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Large toxa, 136– 182, small toxa, 10– 42</td>
<td id="592A5DFAFFCA1687DA43FA795935F992" box="[1631,1881,1474,1572]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">Eastern Bering Sea (Alaska)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A47436C4FFCAE974DC8FF9945A2AF9C8" blockId="12.[147,1094,1583,1662]" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">
<tableNote id="592D374AFFCAE974DC8FF9945A2AF9C8" pageId="12" pageNumber="248" targetBox="[160,1881,589,1572]" targetPageId="12">
*measurements from Lévi, 1960 **measurements from Van Soest
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCAE974DDF9F9F05C7CF9D7" box="[485,528,1611,1633]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="248">et al</emphasis>
., 2013 ***Topsent (1904, p. 155) described “tylotes” but pictured acanthostrongyles on plate XIV 1d
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A47436C4FFCBE975DC8BFF235F80FF62" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCBE975DC8BFF235F62FF06" baseAuthorityName="Topsent" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[151,270,152,176]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Antho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="signata">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCBE975DC8BFF235EC6FF06" bold="true" box="[151,170,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCBE975DCA6FF235F62FF06" bold="true" box="[186,270,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">signata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has shorter and thinner acanthostrongyles, ectosomal subtylostyles instead of tylotes, anisochelae and only one category of toxa.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A47436C4FFCBE975DC8BFF5B5CB2FED2" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCBE975DC8BFF5B5F4BFF4E" baseAuthorityName="Tanita" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[151,295,223,248]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Antho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinulosa">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCBE975DC8BFF5B5EC6FF4E" bold="true" box="[151,170,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCBE975DCA4FF645F4BFF4E" bold="true" box="[184,295,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">spinulosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has shorter and thinner thick styles with microspined heads, more slender thin styles that do not have microspined heads, strongyles to tylotes (with spines at the ends only) rather than acanthostrongyles, lacks ectosomal tylotes, smaller isochelae (described as arcuate by Tanita), and only one category of toxa in a size category intermediate to the two in
<taxonomicName id="63CB4D47FFCBE975DE49FEF75CB4FED2" authorityName="Stone &amp; Lehnert &amp; Hoff" authorityYear="2019" box="[597,728,332,356]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Antho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="ridgwayi">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCBE975DE49FEF75C0AFED5" box="[597,614,332,355]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCBE975DE68FEF75CB4FED2" box="[628,728,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">ridgwayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="ECD1654FFFCBE975DCDBFE2F5B39FE66" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="A47436C4FFCBE975DCDBFE2F5B39FE66" blockId="13.[151,1436,404,464]" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">
<emphasis id="96BFEAD6FFCBE975DCDBFE2F5F22FE1B" bold="true" box="[199,334,404,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">Etymology.</emphasis>
We name this new species in memory of Michelle Ridgway who made major contributions to the conservation of Alaska’s marine resources, particularly in the Bering Sea, and whose passion inspired many.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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