419 lines
53 KiB
XML
419 lines
53 KiB
XML
<document id="1CAF570FCA4CB788701ED979E7280C43" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.182991" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1eb8967f-857c-4bb8-9053-6f2f90954dcf" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="182991" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459885492012" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Motomura, Hiroyuki, Last, Peter R. & Johnson, Jeffrey W." docDate="2008" docId="2B557D31BC1B5A17FF1C404D201DF9A8" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01820p040.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1820" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Liocranium Ogilby" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="30" masterDocId="D76C0549BC1A5A14FF8B44372529FF82" masterDocTitle="Review of the waspfish genus Liocranium (Scorpaeniformes: Tetrarogidae), with restoration of L. pleurostigma (Weber)" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="27" pageNumber="28" updateTime="1698227749020" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="698B569D7D527E6913576F42BB087AEA">
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<mods:title id="D7C7305C4916020A31F9B4CAA23B0822">Review of the waspfish genus Liocranium (Scorpaeniformes: Tetrarogidae), with restoration of L. pleurostigma (Weber)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0192DE688C2B82DA1C17DFFB27FB2CC2">Motomura, Hiroyuki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C47BC2BB77D79A207440F37CBC460A29">Last, Peter R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CF3843A7B6CAFDD653C851184E02F17E">Johnson, Jeffrey W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="04E8235AF8C52427FF479A2BB6616386">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="20ECF0C5DBBBE3D5D3D7A2D0CF995861">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="91DD156164D39CCEC86FB5BF04D8BEEB" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="422BC7EECE4186CEA35426D4652EE826">1820</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="C83AE3D218E8748612690397AABDF5B0" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.182991</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="2B557D31BC1B5A17FF1C404D201DF9A8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5622793" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119371444" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5622793" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B557D31BC1B5A17FF1C404D201DF9A8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B557D31BC1B5A17FF1C404D201DF9A8" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">
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<subSubSection id="EBE69FACBC1B5A15FF1C404D24F0FB16" box="[151,473,1146,1172]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A343CC27BC1B5A15FF1C404D24F0FB16" blockId="1.[151,473,1146,1172]" box="[151,473,1146,1172]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">
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<heading id="F80B7B4BBC1B5A15FF1C404D24F0FB16" bold="true" box="[151,473,1146,1172]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="91881035BC1B5A15FF1C404D24F0FB16" bold="true" box="[151,473,1146,1172]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC1B5A15FF65404D24F0FB16" ID-CoL="5F2R" ID-ENA="2578386" authority="Ogilby" authorityName="Ogilby" box="[238,473,1146,1172]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Liocranium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="91881035BC1B5A15FF65404D2454FB16" bold="true" box="[238,381,1146,1172]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">Liocranium</emphasis>
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Ogilby
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EBE69FACBC1B5A15FF1C40F226DAFB7E" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="A343CC27BC1B5A15FF1C40F226DAFB7E" blockId="1.[151,1046,1221,1276]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="83ECEB09BC1B5A15FF1C40F226DAFB7E" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">
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<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC1B5A15FF1C40F224E7FB5E" ID-CoL="5F2R" authority="Ogilby, 1903: 23" authorityName="Ogilby" authorityPageNumber="23" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,462,1221,1244]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Liocranium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="91881035BC1B5A15FF1C40F2243DFB5E" box="[151,276,1221,1244]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">Liocranium</emphasis>
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Ogilby, 1903: 23
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<typeStatus id="7C477285BC1B5A15FE5040F22723FB5E" box="[475,522,1221,1244]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC1B5A15FDE740F22123FB5E" ID-CoL="3V5J3" authority="Ogilby, 1903" authorityName="Ogilby" authorityYear="1903" box="[620,1034,1221,1244]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Liocranium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praepositum">
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<emphasis id="91881035BC1B5A15FDE740F2265DFB5E" box="[620,884,1221,1244]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">Liocranium praepositum</emphasis>
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Ogilby, 1903
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC1B5A15FF1C40D224C9FB7E" authority="Whitley, 1927: 304" authorityName="Whitley" authorityPageNumber="304" authorityYear="1927" box="[151,480,1253,1276]" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Abcichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="91881035BC1B5A15FF1C40D22425FB7E" box="[151,268,1253,1276]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">Abcichthys</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="225DEA36BC1B5A15FE9840D224C9FB7E" author="Whitley" box="[275,480,1253,1276]" page="304" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" year="1927">
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<bibRefCitation id="C76DB1D6BC1B5A15FE9840D22484FB7E" author="Whitley" box="[275,429,1253,1276]" pageId="1" pageNumber="40" refString="Whitley, G. P. (1927) Studies in ichthyology. No. 1. Records of the Australian Museum, 15, 289 - 304." type="journal article" year="1927">Whitley, 1927</bibRefCitation>
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: 304
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(unnecessary replacement name for
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<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC1B5A15FCEC40D226CAFB7E" ID-CoL="5F2R" box="[871,995,1253,1276]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Liocranium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="91881035BC1B5A15FCEC40D226CAFB7E" box="[871,995,1253,1276]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">Liocranium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EBE69FACBC1B5A15FF1C411A21EDFA65" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="A343CC27BC1B5A15FF1C411A21EDFA65" blockId="1.[151,1437,1325,2026]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="91881035BC1B5A15FF1C411A243EFAC5" bold="true" box="[151,279,1325,1351]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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A genus of the family
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<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC1B5A15FDAF411A2791FAC5" box="[548,696,1325,1351]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Tetrarogidae</taxonomicName>
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with the following combination of characters: dorsal-fin origin distinctly anterior to a vertical from posterior margin of orbit; dorsal fin continuous, anterior 3 spines not forming a nearly separate fin; 13 dorsal-fin spines; 8 (rarely 7 or 9) dorsal-fin soft rays; 14 (rarely 13 or 15) pectoral-fin rays; 4 pelvic-fin soft rays; 5 or 6 anal-fin soft rays; palatine teeth absent; 12–17 short gill rakers; numerous small cycloid scales covering lateral surface of body; body depth 39–46% of SL.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EBE69FACBC1B5A16FF4D41C22678F876" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A343CC27BC1B5A16FF4D41C2261BFE83" blockId="1.[151,1437,1325,2026]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,152,2036]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="91881035BC1B5A15FF4D41C22477F98D" bold="true" box="[198,350,1525,1551]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">Description.</emphasis>
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Dorsal fin with 13 spines and 8 (rarely 7 or 9) soft rays; all soft rays branched; third spine longest, its length longer than second anal-fin spine length; third to seventh spines progressively shorter, seventh to twelfth spine progressively longer; length of twelfth spine subequal to last spine; distance between bases of third and fourth spines greatest, more than twice distance between bases of seventh and eighth spines; membrane of spinous portion of dorsal fin strongly notched; first and second soft rays equally longest, their length slightly longer than that of longest dorsal-fin spine; posterior branch of last soft ray joined by membrane to caudal peduncle for approximately half or more its length. Anal fin with 3 spines and 5 or 6 soft rays; third spine longest; all soft rays branched; first or second soft ray longest, its length greater than that of longest spine; posterior branch of last soft ray joined by membrane to caudal peduncle for more than half (rarely less than half) its length. Pectoral fin with 14 (rarely 13 or 15) rays on each side of body; sixth ray longest, its length subequal to head length; lower unbranched rays somewhat thickened; posterior margin of fin rounded. Pelvic fin with a spine and 4 soft rays, all soft rays branched (rarely last ray unbranched); first soft ray longest, its length longer than upper-jaw length; posterior margin of last soft ray joined by relatively thick membrane to abdomen for more than four-fifths its length. Caudal fin with 14 segmented rays, 11 or 12 rays branched, remaining distal rays unbranched; 3 dorsal and 3 ventral series of procurrent rays; caudal-fin length shorter than pectoral-fin length; posterior margin of fin rounded.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A343CC27BC185A16FF4E453920B5FE1D" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Pored lateral-line scales 19–22. Predorsal scales absent. Gill rakers 12–17, remarkably short, spinous, rudimentary; length of longest raker on first gill arch approximately equal to that of gill filaments around angle of gill arch; fourth gill slit closed by membrane. Uppermost parts of dorsal-fin pterygiophores, between third and fourth, and fourth and fifth spines, not in contact with each other. Vertebrae 26. Swimbladder absent.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A343CC27BC185A16FF4E459B202DFDBF" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Body strongly compressed anteriorly, progressively more compressed posteriorly; nape and anterior body arched; body depth subequal to head length. No tentacles, cirri or skin flaps on surface of head, trunk and fins, except on nasal openings. A short, slender tentacle on dorsal edge of low membranous tube associated with anterior nostril. Posterior lacrimal spine joined by relatively thick membrane posteriorly to head.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A343CC27BC185A16FF4E467C260CFC4B" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Exposed cycloid scales or scales embedded by thin skin on lateral surface of trunk; scales embedded by relatively thick skin on pectoral-fin base and ventral surface of trunk; scales not extending onto rays or membranes of fins, except basally on caudal fin. No scales on head. Lateral line not strongly sloping downward, nearly straight above pectoral fin. No small papillae on surface of head and eye membrane. Small number of small sensory pores scattered on surface of head. Anterior and posterior nasal openings subequal in diameter; distance between anterior and posterior nostrils subequal to nostril diameter; posterior nostril located at anteroventral edge of orbit. A remarkably large pore behind symphysial knob and an indistinct pore on each side of symphysial knob of lower jaw in ventral view. Underside of dentary with 3 well-developed sensory pores on each side, first pore below base of anterior lacrimal spine, second pore below tip of anterior lacrimal spine, third pore located on posterior margin of dentary.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A343CC27BC185A16FF4E47E1246EFB5F" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Mouth relatively small, slightly oblique, forming an angle of about 20 degrees to horizontal axis of head and body. No longitudinal ridge on lateral surface of maxilla. Lower jaw with a symphysial knob. Width of symphysial gap separating premaxillary teeth bands subequal to or less than width of each band; upper jaw with a band of villiform teeth; tooth band narrowing posteriorly. Width of symphysial gap separating lower jaw teeth bands narrower than width of each band; lower jaw with a band of villiform teeth; lengths of most teeth subequal to those of upper jaw. Vomer with villiform teeth. No palatine teeth. Underside of lower jaw without ridges.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A343CC27BC185A16FF4E40DC20A6FA70" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Dorsal profile of snout steep, forming an angle of about 60 degrees to horizontal axis of head and body. Nasal spine absent. Ascending process of premaxilla slightly intruding into interorbital space, its posterior margin reaching anterior margin of orbit in lateral view. Interorbital ridges very weakly developed, beginning behind posterior margin of ascending process of premaxilla and then conjoined to each other at level of anterior margin of pupil. Interorbital space convex. No median interorbital ridge. No spines on interorbital space or around orbit. Supracleithral spine embedded in thick skin. No spine projecting from opercle. Cleithral spine flattened, covered with skin. Upper end of gill opening just reaching a horizontal line through middle of eye.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A343CC27BC185A16FF4E4237247CF8AD" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Lateral surface of lacrimal smooth, without spines and ridges. Anterior lacrimal spine simple, directed ventroposteriorly, its tip extending well beyond dorsal margin of upper lip. Posterior lacrimal spine simple, directed posteriorly, its tip not reaching upper lip; its length more than twice length of anterior lacrimal spine. Suborbital ridge without spines. Space between ventral margin of eye and suborbital ridge narrow. Suborbital pit absent. Preopercle with 5 spines; uppermost spine largest, sharp, with narrow base, lacking a supplemental preopercular spine on its base; second to fifth spines with broad base, lacking a median ridge; spines entirely covered with skin. Preopercle between uppermost preopercular spine and upper end of preopercle, without serrae or spines.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A343CC27BC185A16FF4E430B2678F876" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Origin of first dorsal-fin spine above anterior margin of pupil; origin of second spine above middle of pupil; origin of third spine behind vertical from posterior margin of orbit; origin of fourth spine above tip of preopercular spine. Posterior tip of opercular membrane extending well beyond a vertical through fifth dorsalfin spine base. Origin of pelvic-fin spine slightly posterior to origin of uppermost pectoral-fin ray. Origin of first anal-fin spine anterior to origin of last dorsal-fin spine.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EBE69FACBC195A17FF4D44A0201DF9A8" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="A343CC27BC195A17FF4D44A024B8FE70" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1578]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
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<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FF4D44A02416FF33" bold="true" box="[198,319,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Remarks.</emphasis>
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The genus
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<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FE4544AF277EFF33" box="[462,599,152,177]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Liocranium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FE4544AF277EFF33" box="[462,599,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Liocranium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was proposed by Ogilby (1903) as monotypic for his new species,
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<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FA0F44AF24FBFF58" authority="Ogilby, 1903" authorityName="Ogilby" authorityYear="1903" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Liocranium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praepositum">
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<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FA0F44AF2403FF5B" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">L. praepositum</emphasis>
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Ogilby, 1903
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</taxonomicName>
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, described from Queensland,
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<collectingCountry id="DBEB8CB7BC195A17FCB044F72682FF58" box="[827,939,192,218]" name="Australia" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Australia</collectingCountry>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="C76DB1D6BC195A17FC3344F721BCFF58" author="McCulloch" box="[952,1173,192,218]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="McCulloch, A. R. (1921) Notes and illustrations of Queensland fishes. No. 2. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 7, 164 - 178." type="journal article" year="1921">McCulloch (1921)</bibRefCitation>
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included
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<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FA8544F724F7FE80" authority="Ogilby, 1910" authorityName="Ogilby" authorityYear="1910" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Paracentropogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scorpio">
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<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FA8544F72416FE83" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Paracentropogon scorpio</emphasis>
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Ogilby,
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FD8F44DF27A4FE83" box="[516,653,232,257]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Liocranium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FD8F44DF27A4FE83" box="[516,653,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Liocranium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, as the second species of the genus. However,
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<bibRefCitation id="C76DB1D6BC195A17FB3B44DF204DFE80" author="Whitley" box="[1200,1380,232,258]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" refString="Whitley, G. P. (1933) Studies in ichthyology. No. 7. Records of the Australian Museum, 19, 60 - 112." type="journal article" year="1933">Whitley (1933)</bibRefCitation>
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proposed a new genus,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FE3345272706FEAB" box="[440,559,272,297]" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Vadesuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FE3345272706FEAB" box="[440,559,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Vadesuma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, for
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FD0845272628FEAB" box="[643,769,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">P. s c o r p i o</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C76DB1D6BC195A17FCAA452726FBFEA8" author="Mees" box="[801,978,272,298]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="Mees, G. F. (1964 b) A note on the genus Liocranium Ogilby (Pisces, Scorpaenidae). Zoologische Mededelingen, 40, 5 - 7." type="journal article" year="1964" yearSuffix="b">Mees (1964b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
placed
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FBC2452721EEFEAB" box="[1097,1223,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">P. s c o r p i o</emphasis>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FA87452720BCFEAB" box="[1292,1429,272,297]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Liocranium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FA87452720BCFEAB" box="[1292,1429,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Liocranium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FF1C450F24EAFED3" box="[151,451,312,337]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Paracentropogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scorpio">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FF1C450F24EAFED3" box="[151,451,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Paracentropogon scorpio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is currently recognized as a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FC67450F20B5FED0" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1004,1436,312,338]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Cottapistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cottoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FC67450F21CBFED3" box="[1004,1250,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Cottapistus cottoides</emphasis>
|
||
Linnaeus, 1758
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g., Eschmeyer, 1998), although some authors (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C76DB1D6BC195A17FCA145572102FEF8" author="Allen" box="[810,1067,352,378]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" refString="Allen, G. R. & Cross, N. (1989) Scorpaenidae. In: Paxton, J. R., Hoese, D. F., Allen, G. R. & Hanley, J. E. (Eds.), Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 7. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 438 - 452." type="book chapter" year="1989">Allen & Cross, 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C76DB1D6BC195A17FBB0455721DAFEF8" author="Hutchins" box="[1083,1267,352,378]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="Hutchins, J. B. (2001) Checklist of the fishes of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement, 63, 9 - 50." type="journal article" year="2001">Hutchins, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) regarded the former as a valid sibling species. Accordingly,
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FD4145BF2614FE23" box="[714,829,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Vad e su ma</emphasis>
|
||
is a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FBEA45BF20B1FE20" authority="Bleeker, 1876" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1876" box="[1121,1432,392,418]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Cottapistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FBEA45BF21CEFE23" box="[1121,1255,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Cottapistus</emphasis>
|
||
Bleeker, 1876
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Careful comparisons are required to assess validity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FC9F458726A6FE4B" box="[788,911,432,457]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Paracentropogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scorpio">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FC9F458726A6FE4B" box="[788,911,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">C. scorpio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but these forms differ markedly in body and caudal fin coloration.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A343CC27BC195A17FF4E463720B2FD10" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1578]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C76DB1D6BC195A17FF4E46372450FD98" author="Whitley" box="[197,377,512,538]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" refString="Whitley, G. P. (1927) Studies in ichthyology. No. 1. Records of the Australian Museum, 15, 289 - 304." type="journal article" year="1927">Whitley (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
thought that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FD9C46372789FD9B" box="[535,672,512,537]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Liocranium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FD9C46372789FD9B" box="[535,672,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Liocranium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was preoccupied by the spider genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FBEA463721CBFD9B" box="[1121,1250,512,537]" class="Arachnida" family="Liocranidae" genus="Liocranum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FBEA463721CBFD9B" box="[1121,1250,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Liocranum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and proposed a new replacement name,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FE32461F2710FDC3" box="[441,569,552,577]" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Abcichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FE32461F2710FDC3" box="[441,569,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Abcichthys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FDFE461F27D4FDC3" box="[629,765,552,577]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Liocranium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FDFE461F27D4FDC3" box="[629,765,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Liocranium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C76DB1D6BC195A17FC85461F26C0FDC0" author="McCulloch" box="[782,1001,552,578]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="McCulloch, A. R. (1929) A check-list of the fishes recorded from Australia. Part 3. Memoirs of the Australian Museum, Memoir, 5, 329 - 436." type="journal article" year="1929">McCulloch (1929)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
followed the replacement name and recognized two species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FE3E46672741FDEB" box="[437,616,592,617]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Liocranium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praepositum">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FE3E46672741FDEB" box="[437,616,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">A. praepositum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FD2B46672630FDEB" box="[672,793,592,617]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Paracentropogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scorpio">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FD2B46672630FDEB" box="[672,793,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">A. scorpio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, spellings of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FBA446672191FDEB" box="[1071,1208,592,617]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Liocranium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FBA446672191FDEB" box="[1071,1208,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Liocranium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FB7B46672058FDEB" box="[1264,1393,592,617]" class="Arachnida" family="Liocranidae" genus="Liocranum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FB7B46672058FDEB" box="[1264,1393,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Liocranum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are distinct; thus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FEBF464F249CFD13" box="[308,437,632,657]" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Abcichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FEBF464F249CFD13" box="[308,437,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Abcichthys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was unnecessary as a replacement name and is an objective synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FA87464F20BCFD13" box="[1292,1429,632,657]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Liocranium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FA87464F20BCFD13" box="[1292,1429,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Liocranium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A343CC27BC195A17FF4D4697272CFC00" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1578]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C76DB1D6BC195A17FF4D46972440FD38" author="Weber" box="[198,361,672,698]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" refString="Weber, M. (1913) Die fische der Siboga-Expedition. E. J. Brill, Leiden, xii + 710 pp." type="book" year="1913">Weber (1913)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described two new species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FD3646972104FD3B" box="[701,1069,672,697]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Paracentropogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pleurostigma">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FD3646972104FD3B" box="[701,1069,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Paracentropogon pleurostigma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FBE24697200FFD3B" box="[1129,1318,672,697]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Paracentropogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cynocephalus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FBE24697200FFD3B" box="[1129,1318,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">P. cynocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from the vicinity of New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="DBEB8CB7BC195A17FED146FF249BFD60" box="[346,434,712,738]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Subsequently, de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C76DB1D6BC195A17FD0446FF2665FD60" author="Beaufort" box="[655,844,712,738]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" refString="de Beaufort, L. F. (1949) Two new genera of scorpaenoid fishes. Copeia, 1949, 68." type="journal article" year="1949">Beaufort (1949)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
proposed a new genus,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FBE746FF202BFD63" box="[1132,1282,712,737]" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Sibogapistus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FBE746FF202BFD63" box="[1132,1282,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Sibogapistus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FAB646FF25D6FC8B" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Paracentropogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cynocephalus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FAB646FF25D6FC8B" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">P. cynocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="7C477285BC195A17FE8446C7246AFC88" box="[271,323,752,778]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species) and included
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FDC446C7262CFC8B" box="[591,773,752,777]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Paracentropogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pleurostigma">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FDC446C7262CFC8B" box="[591,773,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">P. pleurostigma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the genus.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C76DB1D6BC195A17FC2046C72166FC88" author="Mees" box="[939,1103,752,778]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="Mees, G. F. (1964 b) A note on the genus Liocranium Ogilby (Pisces, Scorpaenidae). Zoologische Mededelingen, 40, 5 - 7." type="journal article" year="1964" yearSuffix="b">Mees (1964b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recognized
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FB5446C720B2FC8B" box="[1247,1435,752,777]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Paracentropogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cynocephalus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FB5446C720B2FC8B" box="[1247,1435,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">P. cynocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FE20472F270BFCB3" box="[427,546,792,817]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Paracentropogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scorpio">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FE20472F270BFCB3" box="[427,546,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">L. scorpio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the basis of his examination of
|
||
<typeStatus id="7C477285BC195A17FC37472F26C7FCB0" box="[956,1006,792,818]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens. Accordingly,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FA95472F2590FCDB" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Sibogapistus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FA95472F2590FCDB" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Sibogapistus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FE5D47772775FCDB" box="[470,604,832,857]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Cottapistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FE5D47772775FCDB" box="[470,604,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Cottapistus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(because
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FD5847772662FCDB" box="[723,843,832,857]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Paracentropogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scorpio">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FD5847772662FCDB" box="[723,843,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">L. scorpio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FBEC477721DDFCDB" box="[1127,1268,832,857]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Cottapistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cottoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FBEC477721DDFCDB" box="[1127,1268,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">C. cottoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="7C477285BC195A17FABB4777204BFCD8" box="[1328,1378,832,858]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FF60475F2459FC03" box="[235,368,872,897]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Cottapistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FF60475F2459FC03" box="[235,368,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Cottapistus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; see above).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A343CC27BC195A17FF4D47A7212EFAE0" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1578]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C76DB1D6BC195A17FF4D47A7244DFC28" author="Mees" box="[198,356,912,938]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="Mees, G. F. (1964 a) Additions to the fish fauna of Western Australia- 4. Fisheries Bulletin, Western Australia, 9, 31 - 55." type="journal article" year="1964" yearSuffix="a">Mees (1964a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C76DB1D6BC195A17FEFA47A724A8FC28" author="Mees" box="[369,385,912,938]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="Mees, G. F. (1964 b) A note on the genus Liocranium Ogilby (Pisces, Scorpaenidae). Zoologische Mededelingen, 40, 5 - 7." type="journal article" year="1964" yearSuffix="b">b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) recognized
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FD9647A7278FFC2B" box="[541,678,912,937]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Liocranium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FD9647A7278FFC2B" box="[541,678,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Liocranium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a valid genus and included two species, one of which with two subspecies in the genus (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FE7F478F266BFC53" box="[500,834,952,977]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Liocranium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="praepositum" subSpecies="praepositum">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FE7F478F266BFC53" box="[500,834,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">L. praepositum praepositum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FCD9478F2103FC53" box="[850,1066,952,977]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Liocranium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="praepositum" subSpecies="pleurostigma">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FCD9478F2103FC53" box="[850,1066,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">L. p. pleurostigma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FBED478F21F6FC53" box="[1126,1247,952,977]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Paracentropogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scorpio">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FBED478F21F6FC53" box="[1126,1247,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">L. scorpio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Subsequently,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C76DB1D6BC195A17FF1C47D72727FC78" author="Gloerfelt-Tarp" box="[151,526,992,1018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="Gloerfelt-Tarp, T. & Kailola, P. J. (1984) Trawled fishes of southern Indonesia and northwestern Australia. Australian Development Assistance Bureau, Directorate General of Fisheries, Indonesia, German Agency for Technical Cooperation, Jakarta, xvi + 406 pp." type="book" year="1984">Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C76DB1D6BC195A17FDCD47D72678FC78" box="[582,849,992,1018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" refString="Sainsbury, K., Kailola, P. J. & Leyland, G. G. (1985) Continental shelf fishes of northern and north-western Australia. An illustrated guide. Clouston & Hall and Peter Pownall Fisheries Information Service, Canberra, viii + 375 pp." type="book">
|
||
Sainsbury
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FD4947D727D4FC7B" box="[706,765,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1985)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also regarded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FC7047D721ADFC7B" box="[1019,1156,992,1017]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Liocranium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FC7047D721ADFC7B" box="[1019,1156,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Liocranium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as valid. More recently,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C76DB1D6BC195A17FF1C403F24B0FBA0" author="Allen" box="[151,409,1032,1058]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" refString="Allen, G. R. & Cross, N. (1989) Scorpaenidae. In: Paxton, J. R., Hoese, D. F., Allen, G. R. & Hanley, J. E. (Eds.), Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 7. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 438 - 452." type="book chapter" year="1989">Allen & Cross (1989)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C76DB1D6BC195A17FE2E403F2754FBA0" box="[421,637,1032,1058]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" refString="Allen, G. R., Swainston, R. & Ruse, J. (1997) Marine fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and South-east Asia. A field guide for anglers and divers. Western Australian Museum, Perth, 292 pp." type="book">
|
||
Allen
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FE66403F2701FBA3" box="[493,552,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1997)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C76DB1D6BC195A17FD3C403F2646FBA0" author="Hutchins" box="[695,879,1032,1058]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="Hutchins, J. B. (2001) Checklist of the fishes of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement, 63, 9 - 50." type="journal article" year="2001">Hutchins (2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C76DB1D6BC195A17FCF7403F2691FBA0" author="Hutchins" box="[892,952,1032,1058]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="Hutchins, J. B. (2003) Checklist of marine fishes of the Dampier Archipelago, Western Australia. In: Wells, F. E., Walker, D. I. & Jones, D. S. (Eds.), The marine flora and fauna of Dampier, Western Australia. Western Australian Museum, Perth, 453 - 478." type="book chapter" year="2003">2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) treated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FB95403F218EFBA3" box="[1054,1191,1032,1057]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Liocranium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FB95403F218EFBA3" box="[1054,1191,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Liocranium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FF3340072414FBCB" box="[184,317,1072,1097]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Cottapistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FF3340072414FBCB" box="[184,317,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Cottapistus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, whereas
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C76DB1D6BC195A17FE3D400727D8FBC8" author="Larson" box="[438,753,1072,1098]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="Larson, H. K. & Williams, R. S. (1997) Darwin Harbour fishes: a survey and annotated checklist. In: Hanley, J. R., Caswell, G., Megirian, D. & Larson, H. K. (Eds.), The marine flora and fauna of Darwin Harbour, Northern Territory, Australia. Proceedings of the sixth International Marine Biological Workshop. Museum and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory and the Australian Marine Sciences Association, Darwin, 339 - 380." type="book chapter" year="1997">Larson & Williams (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C76DB1D6BC195A17FCA740072691FBC8" author="Poss" box="[812,952,1072,1098]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="Poss, G. S. (1999) Scorpaenidae. Scorpionfishes (also, lionfishes, rockfishes, stingfishes, stonefishes, and waspfishes). In: Carpenter, K. E. & Niem, V. H. (Eds.), FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the western central Pacific. Vol. 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). FAO, Rome, 2291 - 2352." type="journal article" year="1999">Poss (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
regarded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FBBB40072190FBCB" box="[1072,1209,1072,1097]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Liocranium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FBBB40072190FBCB" box="[1072,1209,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Liocranium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as valid. We agree with Poss’ (1999) concept of tetrarogid genera.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FD48406F2665FBF3" box="[707,844,1112,1137]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Liocranium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FD48406F2665FBF3" box="[707,844,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Liocranium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is easily distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FB11406F2009FBF3" box="[1178,1312,1112,1137]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Cottapistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FB11406F2009FBF3" box="[1178,1312,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Cottapistus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by overall body appearance (high body depth and short snout in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FC9440B72681FB1B" box="[799,936,1152,1177]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Liocranium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FC9440B72681FB1B" box="[799,936,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Liocranium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs. elongate body and long snout in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FAE340B725DBFB43" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Cottapistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FAE340B725DBFB43" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Cottapistus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), by having 13 dorsal-fin spines (vs. 14 or
|
||
<quantity id="640461C2BC195A17FD76409F2612FB40" box="[765,827,1192,1218]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" unit="in" value="15.0">15 in</quantity>
|
||
the latter), scales covering entire lateral surface of trunk (vs. scales lacking on anterior part of trunk above opercle), and narrow interorbital space, its width less than orbit diameter (vs. wide space, exceeding orbit diameter). In his key to the genera and species of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="DBEB8CB7BC195A17FAD340CF20A4FA90" box="[1368,1421,1272,1298]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Indo</collectingCountry>
|
||
– Pacific scorpionfishes,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C76DB1D6BC195A17FE2741172713FAB8" author="Poss" box="[428,570,1312,1338]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="Poss, G. S. (1999) Scorpaenidae. Scorpionfishes (also, lionfishes, rockfishes, stingfishes, stonefishes, and waspfishes). In: Carpenter, K. E. & Niem, V. H. (Eds.), FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the western central Pacific. Vol. 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). FAO, Rome, 2291 - 2352." type="journal article" year="1999">Poss (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
separated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FD374117266CFABB" box="[700,837,1312,1337]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Liocranium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FD374117266CFABB" box="[700,837,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Liocranium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FC1941172131FABB" box="[914,1048,1312,1337]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Cottapistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FC1941172131FABB" box="[914,1048,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Cottapistus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by several characters, including number of pelvic-fin soft rays (4 vs. 5), but in fact both genera have 4 rays.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A343CC27BC195A17FF4E4147201DF9A8" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1578]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C76DB1D6BC195A17FF4E414724C8FA08" box="[197,481,1392,1418]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" refString="Eschmeyer, W. N., Hirosaki, Y. & Abe, T. (1973) Two new species of the scorpionfish genus Rhinopias, with comments on related genera and species. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (series 4), 39, 285 - 310." type="journal article">
|
||
Eschmeyer
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FEDB414724A2FA0B" box="[336,395,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1973)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C76DB1D6BC195A17FD9041472674FA08" author="Motomura" box="[539,861,1392,1418]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="Motomura, H. & Senou, H. (2005) Validity of the scorpionfish genus Hipposcorpaena Fowler and a redescription of H. filamentosa Fowler (Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae). Zoological Studies, 44, 210 - 218." type="journal article" year="2005">Motomura & Senou (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported the shedding of cuticle in the scorpionfish genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FEAB41AF24BEFA33" box="[288,407,1432,1457]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scorpaenidae" genus="Rhinopias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FEAB41AF24BEFA33" box="[288,407,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Rhinopias</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FE5A41AF27BDFA33" box="[465,660,1432,1457]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scorpaenidae" genus="Hipposcorpaena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FE5A41AF27BDFA33" box="[465,660,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Hipposcorpaena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, respectively. Cuticle in the process of shedding on the surface of the body was also found in several specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FD5041F7212FFA5B" box="[731,1030,1472,1497]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Liocranium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pleurostigma">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FD5041F7212FFA5B" box="[731,1030,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Liocranium pleurostigma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FBCB41F721DBFA5B" box="[1088,1266,1472,1497]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Liocranium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praepositum">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FBCB41F721DBFA5B" box="[1088,1266,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">L. praepositum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C76DB1D6BC195A17FA8A41F72462F980" author="Motomura" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="Motomura, H. & Johnson, J. W. (2006) Validity of the poorly known scorpionfish, Rhinopias eschmeyeri, with redescriptions of R. frondosa and R. aphanes (Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae). Copeia, 2006, 500 - 515." type="journal article" year="2006">Motomura & Johnson (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
presumed that the irregularity of the scale rows and indistinct scale contours in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FB6741DF204AF983" box="[1260,1379,1512,1537]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scorpaenidae" genus="Rhinopias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FB6741DF204AF983" box="[1260,1379,1512,1537]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Rhinopias</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be related to the epidermal structure associated with shedding. That is also applicable to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64FCB7A4BC195A17FB2F42272004F9AB" box="[1188,1325,1552,1577]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetrarogidae" genus="Liocranium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91881035BC195A17FB2F42272004F9AB" box="[1188,1325,1552,1577]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Liocranium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |